Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Clinical findings, treatment, and outcomes in cats with naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism: 41 cases","authors":"Emma Roberts,&nbsp;Ian K. Ramsey,&nbsp;Ruth Gostelow,&nbsp;Anna Latysheva,&nbsp;Luca Battaglia,&nbsp;Paolo Silvestrini,&nbsp;Ghita Benchekroun,&nbsp;Karen Brenner,&nbsp;Bérénice Conversy,&nbsp;Riccardo Ferriani,&nbsp;Andre Kortum,&nbsp;Lisa Stammeleer,&nbsp;Nele Van den Steen,&nbsp;Flavia Tavares,&nbsp;Julia Lieser,&nbsp;Angie Hibbert,&nbsp;Antoine Duclos,&nbsp;Troy Bunn,&nbsp;Alisdair M Boag,&nbsp;Carolina Arenas,&nbsp;Kirsty Roe,&nbsp;Florian K. Zeugswetter,&nbsp;Yi Cui,&nbsp;Imogen Schofield,&nbsp;Federico Fracassi","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17243","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17243","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypoadrenocorticism in cats is uncommonly reported. Most reports consist of cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe clinical findings, treatment response, and outcome in cats diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism, including cats with abnormal and normal serum sodium and potassium concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-one cats with hypoadrenocorticism; 36 with and 5 without abnormal serum sodium and potassium concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multicenter retrospective observational study. Data for the entire cohort were assessed using descriptive statistics and differences between cats with and without abnormal serum sodium and potassium concentrations were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Median age was 5.7 years (range, 0.2-13.8). Twenty-three (56%) cats were male and 18 (44%) were female. Cats with hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, or both were less likely to have a history of vomiting (<i>P</i> = .01) but more likely to be hypothermic (<i>P</i> = .03), dehydrated (<i>P</i> = .04) or weak (<i>P</i> = .04) on examination, compared with nonhyponatremic and nonhyperkalemic cats. Frequency of hypercalcemia was 31.7%. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) was diagnosed in 4/7 cats tested; all 4 had concurrent cobalamin deficiency. Thirty-five (85.4%) cats survived to discharge. In 2 cats, hypoadrenocorticism occurred secondary to lymphoma. Median survival time (MST) for all-cause mortality was 2035 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 294-4380 days); MST for disease-specific mortality was not reached.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately one-third of cats with hypoadrenocorticism had hypercalcemia. In some cases, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia were not observed. Cats with nonneoplastic associated hypoadrenocorticism that survive initial hospitalization can have a favorable long-term prognosis. Testing for EPI may be warranted in cats with hypoadrenocorticism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A consort-guided randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial on the effects of 6 weeks training on heart rate variability in thoroughbred horses","authors":"Emma Santosuosso,&nbsp;Renaud Léguillette,&nbsp;Sierra Shoemaker,&nbsp;Ryan Baumwart,&nbsp;Sierra Temple,&nbsp;Kaneesha Hemmerling,&nbsp;Tessa Kell,&nbsp;Warwick Bayly","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17253","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17253","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fitness assessment of horses remains challenging. Heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to monitor human athlete's training, but its value is unknown in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The linear domain HRV variables are affected by fitness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve healthy untrained thoroughbreds were randomly split into a training group (6 weeks of incremental racetrack training) and a control group (no training).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Linear domain HRV variables were analyzed (high frequency [HF], low frequency [LF], their normalized units [Hf_nu, Lf_nu], root mean square of successive differences between beats [RMSSD], Poincaré plot features [SD1 and SD2]) while resting overnight before (baseline) and after 2, 4 and 6 weeks of training. V̇O_2max and echocardiographic indexes were measured at baseline and after 6 weeks. Changes in HRV variables over time (ANOVA), and correlation with V̇O_2max (Pearson's chi-squared test) were tested (<i>P</i> &lt; .05 significance).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>V̇O_2max, LF/HF ratio, and LF_nu increased while HF_nu decreased in the training group (before and after training mean [SD] values: V̇O_2max 134 [12.8]-146 [16.5] mL/[kg min]; <i>P</i> &lt; .001; LF/HF ratio 0.51 [0.2]-0.91 [0.3] [<i>P</i> = .02]; LF_nu 37.5 [10.1]-46.8 [7.8] [<i>P</i> = .02]; HF_nu 76.2 [7.9]-53.2 [7.7] [<i>P</i> &lt; .001]). Training did not affect RMSSD, SD1, SD2, resting HR, or echocardiographic indexes. Strong correlations were found between V̇O_2max and HRV variables (V̇O_2max and LF_nu [<i>r</i> = −0.59, <i>P</i> = .04]; ΔV̇O_2max and the corresponding ΔLF [<i>r</i> = −0.88, <i>P</i> = .02]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six weeks of training affected some frequency domain HRV variables. Further studies are necessary to validate the use of HRV for monitoring horses' responses to training.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring brain perfusion in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: A promising role for arterial spin labeling imaging","authors":"Léa Arti,&nbsp;Kirsten Gnirs,&nbsp;Stella Papageorgiou,&nbsp;Yannick Ruel,&nbsp;Albert Agoulon,&nbsp;Nathalie Boddaert,&nbsp;Hugues Gaillot","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17259","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noninvasive brain perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that has not been assessed in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assess brain perfusion changes characteristics before and after medical treatment, and investigate the role of ASL perfusion in the diagnosis and prognosis of MUO in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-one dogs with presumed MUO.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective study. Each animal had brain MRI including standard and ASL perfusion sequences at presentation and after treatment of 3 months or longer. Brain perfusion characteristics were assessed visually and by cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements. Perfusion characteristics were compared pre- and post-treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with MUO had preferential localization of lesions in optic nerves (ONs) and brainstem. At presentation, one third of the dogs with MUO had focal brain perfusion alterations and two-thirds had global brain hypoperfusion. Both focal and global brain perfusion changes resolved after treatment in all surviving dogs. Arterial spin labeling failed to predict prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brain ASL perfusion in dogs with MUO demonstrated the value of ASL in the diagnosis and follow-up of the condition, suggesting the value of adding ASL to the clinical evaluation in dogs with suspected MUO. Preferential lesion localization in ON and brainstem resembled findings in the central nervous system of human patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases. Future studies with histopathological confirmation are needed to better characterize the benefits of ASL in the different subtypes of non-infectious encephalomyelitis in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of pradofloxacin, florfenicol, and tulathromycin and response to treatment of steers experimentally infected with Mannheimia hemolytica","authors":"Derek M. Foster,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Halleran,&nbsp;Megan E. Jacob,&nbsp;Stephanie Hempstead,&nbsp;Luke B. Borst,&nbsp;Tatiane T. Negrao Watanabe,&nbsp;Hiroko Enomoto,&nbsp;Mark G. Papich","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17270","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17270","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an economically important disease in the beef industry, and a major driver of therapeutic antibiotic use. Pharmacokinetic data of these drugs is relatively limited in diseased animals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the concentrations of pradofloxacin, florfenicol, and tulathromycin in the airways, plasma, and interstitial fluid (ISF) of steers with a clinically relevant model of bacterial respiratory disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four Holstein and Holstein/Jersey cross steers ranging in age from 6 to 15 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A randomized, blinded clinical trial was performed. After transport stress, steers were inoculated with <i>Mannheimia hemolytica</i> to induce BRD. Upon onset of clinical disease, steers were treated with pradofloxacin, florfenicol or tulathromycin. Blood, ISF, and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) samples were obtained for drug concentration determination. Clinical exams and thoracic ultrasound examinations were conducted daily. Animals were euthanized at the end of the study period to assess lung lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pradofloxacin <i>C</i>_max in PELF was 0.81 μg/mL (CV = 49.02%) and penetration into the PELF was 203.58% (72%). Florfenicol <i>C</i>_max in PELF was 2.94 μg/mL (42.1%) and penetration was 230.08% (78.82%). Tulathromycin PELF <i>C</i>_max was 0.9 μg/mL (45.03%) and PELF penetration was 518.97% (56.59%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are differences in penetration of the drugs into the ISF and PELF compared to one another and previous data from healthy steers demonstrating the effect of disease on the PK of these drugs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to letter regarding “Peripheral and intestinal T lymphocyte subsets in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy”","authors":"Mercedes García-Sancho,&nbsp;Beatriz Agulla,&nbsp;Alejandra Villaescusa,&nbsp;Ángel Sainz,&nbsp;David Díaz-Regañón,&nbsp;Fernando Rodríguez-Franco,&nbsp;Lydia Calleja-Bueno,&nbsp;Patricia Olmeda","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17261","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thank you for your careful review of our work and for pointing out the error in the statistical terminology test. In our study, we used the Wilcoxon scores (rank sums) test—equivalent to the Mann-Whitney U-test—which is appropriate for comparing 2 independent groups. Unfortunately, in the Methods section, we incorrectly referred to it as the Wilcoxon signed rank test, which is meant for paired data. This was a labeling mistake, not a methodological one.</p><p>We appreciate your attention to this detail, and we hope this letter will clarify the error for all readers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of thymidine kinase 1 autoantibody, thymidine kinase antigen, extracellular protein kinase A autoantibody, and C-reactive protein for early detection of malignant tumors in dogs","authors":"Yoonhee Kim,&nbsp;Wonhee Lee,&nbsp;Byunggak Kim,&nbsp;Bonghwan Jang,&nbsp;Kyung-Rok Yu,&nbsp;Hong Sook Kim,&nbsp;Minok Ryu,&nbsp;Yein Oh,&nbsp;Kyoungwon Seo,&nbsp;Chul Park,&nbsp;Ulsoo Choi,&nbsp;Dongha Bhang,&nbsp;Hwayoung Youn","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17266","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the importance of early diagnosis of malignant tumors is a major concern, an easily accessible in-house method has not been established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the most optimal model by combining thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) autoantibody, extracellular protein kinase A (ECPKA) autoantibody, TK1 antigen, C-reactive protein (CRP), age, breed, and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum samples from 1702 dogs were collected from local animal hospitals and referral animal medical centers in Korea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TK1 autoantibody, ECPKA autoantibody, and CRP were measured using LFIA methods in serum samples of dog to design a new neoplastic index (NI) for early detection of malignant tumors in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AUC of TK1 autoantibody model with TK1 antigen, CRP, age, and breed in multiple logistic regression analysis was 0.966 (TK1 autoantibody, <i>P</i> = .0005; TK1 antigen, <i>P</i> = .0003), and when the cutoff value was 0.417, the specificity was 87.1%, and sensitivity was 96.4%. Regression coefficients were 24.4, 20.5, 24.8, 10.6, respectively in TK1 autoantibody, TK1 antigen, CRP, and age, and the effect by breed (regression coefficient 2.1, 3.0) was the lowest. The same multiple logistic regression analysis on dogs with lymphoma, and AUC of TK1 autoantibody model was 0.981 (all <i>P</i> &lt; .0001, TK1 antigen <i>P</i> = .09), when the cutoff value was 0.352, the specificity was 92.9%, and sensitivity was 93.7%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The NI including TK1 autoantibody could be useful in the screening test for both lymphoma and other tumors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleated red blood cells for characterization of systemic inflammatory response syndrome in dogs","authors":"ARom Cho,&nbsp;Hyeona Bae,&nbsp;Youngju Kim,&nbsp;Yeseul Jeon,&nbsp;Rankyung Jung,&nbsp;Minji Kim,&nbsp;Minjeong Kang,&nbsp;Sumin Cha,&nbsp;Kyu-Woan Cho,&nbsp;Dong-In Jung,&nbsp;Jinho Park,&nbsp;DoHyeon Yu","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17246","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs) are increased by disease processes and hematopoietic stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the utility of nRBCs as a marker of disease severity and prognosis in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-two client-owned dogs met the criteria of SIRS without anemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>nRBC-positive (nRBCs: ≥5/500, n = 32) and nRBC-negative (nRBCs: &lt;5/500, n = 30) dogs were classified, and clinicopathological data, Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE_fast) scores, cytokines, 2- and 4-weeks survival were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median WBC (17.63, interquartile range [IQR]: 11.72-20.24 × 10⁹/L), neutrophils (12.28, IQR: 7.17-16.88 × 10⁹/L), band neutrophils (1288.5, IQR: 252.5-2575 cells/μL), serum IL-6 (731.80, IQR: 299.79-5522.05 pg/mL), and plasma C-reactive protein (4.10, IQR: 1.00-8.58 mg/L) were significantly higher in nRBC-positive dogs than negative dogs (11.27, IQR: 7.63-15.13 × 10⁹/L; 7.57, IQR: 4.96-11.71 × 10⁹/L; 62.5, IQR: 0-350.25 cells/μL; 232.30, IQR: 99.33-447.01 pg/mL; 0.40, IQR: 0.10-3.00 mg/L, respectively; <i>P</i> &lt; .05). The median reticulocyte count (87.95, IQR: 52.45-130.55 × 10³/μL) and serum IL-3 (40.94, IQR: 29.85-53.52 ng/L) were also significantly greater in nRBC-positive dogs than nRBC-negative dogs (46.00, IQR: 26.43-68.15 × 10³/μL; 25.24, IQR: 21.65-37.40 ng/L, respectively; <i>P</i> &lt; .01). The presence of circulating nRBCs, but not the reticulocyte count, at admission was predictive of death in dogs with SIRS at 2 weeks (<i>P</i> = .01, AUC: 0.729) and 4 weeks (<i>P</i> = .002, AUC: 0.731). The overall survival time was shorter in nRBC-positive dogs (95% CI, 47.35-113.90) than nRBC-negative dogs (95% CI, 90.92-135.55; <i>P</i> = .03).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Measuring peripheral nRBCs in dogs with SIRS is rapid and clinically applicable, reflecting disease severity and associated prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter regarding “Plasma concentration of thrombopoietin in dogs with immune thrombocytopenia”","authors":"Matthew K. Wun","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17244","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I am writing in response to the article “Plasma concentration of thrombopoietin in dogs with immune thrombocytopenia” published in JVIM Early View on August 14, 2024. The authors conclude that “Plasma TPO concentration is paradoxically low at diagnosis for most dogs with pITP,” and that “This finding suggests that ineffective thrombopoiesis contributes to thrombocytopenia in pITP dogs and supports evaluating TPO receptor agonist treatment as used for pITP in humans.” I believe several key deficiencies in the TPO ELISA validation process described should be addressed before these statements can be accurately made. First, the sample matrix used in the spike-and-recovery experiment was comprised of pooled cryopoor plasma from healthy dogs and assay buffer. It is reasonable to assume that the pooled plasma contained endogenous TPO, however, the amount was not quantified. As such, it is not possible to determine whether the recovery of recombinant and endogenous TPO behaves in an additive (linear) or non-linear manner. If the relationship is non-linear, the spike-and-recovery experiment is not valid.<span>¹</span> Second, plasma from the dogs with pITP may have contained interfering compounds (eg, inflammatory cytokines and growth factors<span>²</span>) that were not present or were present at a different concentration in the pooled healthy dog plasma. The authors acknowledge that they “do not know if the assay potentially cross-reacts with (these compounds).” Binding of these compounds with capture/detection reagents or TPO may have impaired the detection of TPO in dogs with pITP,<span>³</span> potentially resulting in an erroneous conclusion.</p><p>Both of these problems could be overcome with a simple parallelism experiment, which would involve plotting measured TPO against various dilutions of pITP serum, and comparing these curves against the standard curve generated from serial dilutions of recombinant TPO in the sample matrix. Comparing the degree of “parallelism” between the curves would allow the relative accuracy of the ELISA in pITP serum to be assessed, as well as its selectivity and sensitivity.<span>³</span> Other methods of validation could include the depletion of endogenous TPO from the pooled healthy plasma using an anti-recombinant TPO antibody, and the addition of various cytokines and growth factors to the assay buffer during the spike-and-recovery experiment. All three of these methods were used to validate the first human TPO ELISA.<span>⁴</span></p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to letter regarding “Plasma concentration of thrombopoietin in dogs with immune thrombocytopenia”","authors":"Marjory B. Brooks,&nbsp;James C. Brooks,&nbsp;Jim Catalfamo,&nbsp;Yao Zhu,&nbsp;Robert Goggs,&nbsp;Susanna Babasyan,&nbsp;Bettina Wagner,&nbsp;Dana H. LeVine","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17245","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17245","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We appreciate Dr. Wun's interest in our article and the opportunity to clarify the thrombopoietin assay's configuration. Dr. Wun raises a concern regarding the addition of cryopoor plasma to the canine plasma samples. There was no addition of cryopoor plasma to any of the canine plasma samples, including plasma from healthy dogs, ITP dogs, or spike-and-recovery plasmas. All canine plasma samples were diluted in assay buffer alone. Rather, the assay standards and blanks were diluted in assay buffer containing cryopoor plasma. The composition of the diluents is stated in the manuscript section 3.3 “ELISA development and optimization: <i>To minimize effects of high background absorbance values associated with plasma proteins, standards and blanks were diluted in 1 part canine pooled cryopoor plasma added to 4 parts assay buffer. Test plasma samples were diluted in assay buffer without addition of cryopoor plasma</i>.”</p><p>The addition of cryopoor plasma to the standard curve diluent corrected for high absorbance values consistently observed in canine plasma, considered a “matrix” effect.<span>¹</span> Because the content of TPO in the cryopoor plasma was unknown, the assay was configured with “blank” wells containing only cryopoor plasma in buffer to account for any canine TPO present in this matrix. All OD readings were then adjusted based on the blank OD (stated in section 3.3 “<i>The mean absorbance value of the blank wells was subtracted from all standard and test sample wells</i>”). We recognize that this correction may preclude quantitation of low TPO concentrations in test samples and acknowledged this limitation in the manuscript's discussion. “<i>Our assay lacks precision at low TPO concentrations. The assay cannot accurately quantitate plasma TPO concentrations below approximately 60 pg/mL</i>.”</p><p>Dr. Wun also mentions non-additive TPO recovery and signal quenching by plasma interferents. Quantitative rcTPO recovery (buffer with cryopoor plasma) is depicted in Figure 2, with sample raw OD values and calculated TPO concentrations included as Supplemental Figure 4. The mean spike-in recoveries of rcTPO (buffer with canine plasma) ranged from 87.5% (200 pg/mL) to 84% (800 pg/mL) with reproducibility for replicate determinations summarized in section 3.5 “TPO performance characteristics.”</p><p>We believe, within the assay's stated limitations, that the described TPO ELISA will be useful for studying thrombopoietic response in dogs with ITP and bone marrow disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter regarding “Peripheral and intestinal T lymphocyte subsets in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy”","authors":"Matthew K. Wun","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17260","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17260","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I am writing in response to the article “Peripheral and intestinal T lymphocyte subsets in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy” published in Issue 3, Volume 38 of JVIM. It is stated by the authors that the Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare quantitative and ordinal qualitative variables between the healthy control group and the chronic inflammatory enteropathy group. As these groups are independent, the assumption of paired samples required for the use of Wilcoxon's signed rank test is not met and the results reported are therefore invalid. I am wondering if the data could be re-analyzed using the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-test, which is the appropriate statistical test for non-parametric ratio and ordinal data.<span>¹</span></p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}