Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Reporting and interpreting statistical results in veterinary medicine: Calling for change","authors":"Hsin-Yi Weng,&nbsp;Locksley L. McV. Messam","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17258","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17258","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding and correctly interpreting statistical results presented in scientific articles is a required skill for practicing evidence-based veterinary medicine. A prerequisite for doing so is the adequate reporting of the results in scientific journals. However, most authors of veterinary publications determine the importance of their findings based on statistical significance (ie, <i>P</i> &lt; .05), indicating that neither the limitations of using <i>P</i> values for inference nor the existence of more appropriate alternatives are widely appreciated in veterinary medicine. This deficiency in knowledge indicates a need to increase awareness in veterinary medicine regarding reporting statistical measures that quantify the magnitude of an effect along with its level of uncertainty, and then interpreting these results for clinical decision making. We utilize a hypothetical randomized controlled trial of dietary management in cats with chronic kidney disease to discuss some common misconceptions about <i>P</i> values and provide practical suggestions for alternatives. Reporting appropriate effect estimates along with their confidence intervals will allow veterinarians to easily and correctly determine whether the magnitude of the effect of interest meets clinical needs while acknowledging uncertainty in the results. We also describe confidence interval functions and show their utility as visual tools in aiding interpretation of confidence intervals. By providing practical guidance, we show that a change in reporting and interpreting statistical results is feasible and necessary. We hope this crucial step will promote clinical decision making based on effect estimates and confidence intervals.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caudal vena cava isolation using ablation index-guided radiofrequency catheter ablation (CARTO™ 3) to treat sustained atrial tachycardia in horses","authors":"Eva Buschmann,&nbsp;Glenn Van Steenkiste,&nbsp;Ingrid Vernemmen,&nbsp;Marie Demeyere,&nbsp;Stijn Schauvliege,&nbsp;Annelies Decloedt,&nbsp;Gunther van Loon","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17251","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17251","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Myocardial sleeves of the caudal vena cava are the predilection site for atrial tachycardia (AT) in horses. Caudal vena cava isolation guided by the ablation index, a lesion quality marker incorporating power, duration and contact force, might improve outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Describe the feasibility and outcome of caudal vena cava isolation using ablation index-guided radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) to treat AT in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten horses with sustained AT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Records from 10 horses with sustained AT treated by three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping and ablation index-guided RFCA (CARTO™ 3) were reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three-dimensional electro-anatomical mapping of the right atrium identified a macro-reentry circuit in the caudomedial right atrium (n = 10). Point-by-point RFCA was performed to isolate the myocardial sleeves of the caudal vena cava in power-controlled mode with a mean of 17 ± 7 applications. The ablation index target was 400-450. A median ablation index of 436 (range, 311-763) was reached using a median maximum power of 35 (range, 24-45) W for a median duration of 20 (range, 8-45) seconds, with a median contact force of 10 (range, 3-48) g. Sinus rhythm was restored in all 10 horses. To date, 9-37 months post-ablation, none of the horses have had recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caudal vena cava isolation using ablation index-guided RFCA was feasible and effective to permanently treat sustained AT in horses. Ablation index guidance ensured efficient lesion creation, and isolation of the caudal vena cava eliminated the arrhythmogenic substrate, thereby minimizing the risk of recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive factors associated with short-term mortality in cats with feline infectious peritonitis treated with remdesivir or GS-441524 or both","authors":"Sho Goto,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Kamiyoshi,&nbsp;Ryota Iwasaki","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17249","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although most cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) respond to treatment with remdesivir or GS-441524 or both with uneventful clinical courses, some die despite treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identify predictive factors associated with short-term mortality in cats with FIP treated with IV remdesivir or PO GS-441524 or both.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 108 client-owned cats with FIP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective multicenter study using data collected from medical records. Factors associated with short-term mortality, defined as death within 84 days, were identified. Univariate analysis a <i>t</i>-test, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test, or Fisher's exact test and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess patient characteristics and clinicopathological variables between survivors and nonsurvivors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The short-term mortality rate was 12.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.6%-19.7%). Univariate analysis identified plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH; <i>P</i> &lt; .001) and bilirubin concentration (<i>P</i> = .001) as being significantly increased in nonsurvivors, whereas concentrations of albumin (<i>P</i> = .003), total protein (<i>P</i> = .03), sodium (<i>P</i> = .005), and potassium (<i>P</i> = .005) were significantly lower. Additionally, nonsurvivors were significantly less likely to be febrile (≥39.4°C; <i>P</i> = .006). Of these variables, only plasma LDH activity ≥323 U/L, a cut-point determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was significantly associated with short-term mortality by multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 15.30; 95% CI, 1.18-198.00; <i>P</i> = .04).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased plasma LDH activity might be useful for predicting short-term mortality, guiding monitoring, and establishing prognosis in cats with FIP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-exposure-response of CARDALIS® (benazepril/spironolactone) on the classical and alternative arms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in healthy dogs","authors":"Elizabeth Manson,&nbsp;Jessica L. Ward,&nbsp;Maria Merodio,&nbsp;Emilie Guillot,&nbsp;Thomas Blondel,&nbsp;Karin Allenspach,&nbsp;Oliver Domenig,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Mochel","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17255","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17255","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Benazepril exhibits a dose-dependent effect on biomarkers of the circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To characterize the dose-exposure-response relationship of a fixed-dose combination product including benazepril and spironolactone (CARDALIS®) on RAAS biomarkers in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighteen purpose-bred healthy beagle dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three groups of 6 dogs received different doses of CARDALIS® for 14 days following induction of RAAS activation by feeding a low-sodium diet: (a) benazepril 0.25 mg/kg + spironolactone 2 mg/kg PO q24h (label dose); (b) benazepril 0.25 mg/kg + spironolactone 2 mg/kg PO q12h; or (c) benazepril 0.5 mg/kg + spironolactone 4 mg/kg PO q12h. Blood samples were collected at baseline and serial time intervals after CARDALIS® dosing to measure serum RAAS biomarkers and plasma concentrations of active drug metabolites. Time-weighted averages for serum RAAS biomarkers after CARDALIS® dosing at steady state were compared between dosage groups using Wilcoxon rank-sum testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to the label dose, the highest dose of CARDALIS® was associated with a 30% decrease in angiotensin II (<i>P</i> = .03), 94% increase in angiotensin 1-7 (<i>P</i> = .03), 71% decrease in surrogate activity of ACE (<i>P</i> = .002), and 116% increase in circulating aldosterone (<i>P</i> = .02). CARDALIS® was well-tolerated at all doses with no clinically relevant changes in renal values or serum electrolytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combined CARDALIS® product leads to dose-dependent alterations of RAAS metabolites. These results could help inform clinical trials in dogs with heart disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency and progression of azotemia during acute and chronic treatment of congestive heart failure in cats","authors":"Sarah Rogg,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Mochel,&nbsp;Debosmita Kundu,&nbsp;Melissa A. Tropf,&nbsp;Allison K. Masters,&nbsp;Darcy B. Adin,&nbsp;Jessica L. Ward","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17254","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Azotemia is common in cats with congestive heart failure (CHF) and might be exacerbated by diuretic therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine frequency, risk factors, and survival impact of progressive azotemia in cats treated for CHF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and sixteen client-owned cats with kidney function testing performed at least twice during acute or chronic CHF treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum creatinine (sCr) and electrolyte concentrations were determined at multiple clinical timepoints to detect azotemia and kidney injury (KI; sCr increase ≥0.3 mg/dL). Furosemide dosage between timepoints was calculated. Multivariable modeling was performed to identify predictors of KI, change in serum biochemistry results, and survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Azotemia was common at all timepoints, including initial CHF diagnosis (44%). Kidney injury was documented in 66% of cats. Use of a furosemide continuous rate infusion was associated with increased risk of KI during hospitalization (odds ratio, 141.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.1-6233; <i>P</i> = .01). Higher furosemide dosage was associated with increase in sCr during hospitalization (<i>P</i> = .03) and at first reevaluation (<i>P</i> = .01). Treatment with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor was associated with fewer lifetime KI events (<i>P</i> = .02). Age in years was the only variable associated with shorter survival (hazard ratio, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1; <i>P</i> = .03). Neither sCr nor KI were associated with long-term outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Azotemia and KI were common in cats during CHF treatment but did not impact survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of naturally-occurring Cushing's syndrome by primary care veterinarians in selected European countries","authors":"Miguel F. Carvalho,&nbsp;Rodolfo O. Leal,&nbsp;Stefania Golinelli,&nbsp;Federico Fracassi,&nbsp;Carolina Arenas,&nbsp;Maria Pérez-Alenza,&nbsp;Sara Galac,&nbsp;Carmel T. Mooney,&nbsp;Michael Bennaim","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17166","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several tests are available to diagnose naturally-occurring Cushing's syndrome in dogs but there is a paucity of information on how primary care veterinarians (PCVs) use or interpret them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine how PCVs from selected European countries diagnose Cushing's syndrome in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional survey study assessing testing protocols used by PCVs for screening and differentiation of Cushing's syndrome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two thousand one hundred and seventy-eight responses from 9 European countries were included. When Cushing's syndrome was suspected, 98.7% of respondents perform endocrine testing, whereas 1.2% rely on a treatment trial. Among the former, 59.9% reported performing screening tests in the absence of supportive clinical signs but with consistent clinicopathological abnormalities. Of 2150 respondents who performed endocrine testing, 66.6% report always using the same initial screening tests regardless of their pretest suspicion of disease. The tests most reported are the ACTH stimulation test (34.8%), low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST; 30.4%) or a combination of different tests (25.2%). In the absence of financial constraint, 1419 (66.0%) respondents always attempted differentiation, using abdominal ultrasonography (81.0%) and LDDST (46.1%). Overall, 69.8% of respondents reported offering referral to a specialist in ≤20% of cases suspected or diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome over the previous 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Testing protocols vary among PCVs. Almost 60% of respondents potentially screen dogs without consistent clinical signs, raising concerns for overdiagnosis. A proportion never attempt differentiation, which likely affects prognosis. Cases are rarely referred to a specialist, reflecting that Cushing's syndrome is mainly managed in primary care practices. These results suggest that there is room for further education of PCVs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary peptidomic profiling of chronic gingivostomatitis in cats by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry","authors":"Sekkarin Ploypetch,&nbsp;Apisit Pornthummawat,&nbsp;Sittiruk Roytrakul,&nbsp;Janthima Jaresitthikunchai,&nbsp;Narumon Phaonakrop,&nbsp;Sabrina Wahyu Wardhani,&nbsp;Sitthichok Lacharoje,&nbsp;Somporn Techangamsuwan","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17247","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic gingivostomatitis in cats (FCGS) is a moderately to severely painful condition, potentially caused by inadequate immune response to oral antigenic stimulation. Salivary peptidome analysis can identify inflammatory protein mediators and pathways involved in oral mucosal immune activation and may indicate potential therapeutic options for FCGS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluate the diversity and abundance of salivary peptides in cats with FCGS using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nano LC-MS/MS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two cats with FCGS and 18 healthy controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Case-control cross-sectional study. We compared the salivary peptide profiles of diseased and healthy cats. The diagnosis of FCGS was confirmed by histopathology. Saliva samples were analyzed for viral infections using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) using MALDI-TOF MS, and peptide identification using nano LC-MS/MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Distinct clusters of peptide profiles were observed between groups. In FCGS, 26 salivary peptides were altered, including apolipoprotein A1, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3, fibrinogen alpha chain, interleukin 2 receptor gamma, interleukin 23 receptor, hemoglobin subunit alpha, and serpin peptidase inhibitor clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, antitrypsin) member 12, protein-tyrosine-phosphatase, and cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 10 subunit. Protein-anti-inflammatory drug interaction networks were observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peptide mass fingerprint and peptide profiles identified distinct clusters between FCGS and healthy cats. The 9 novel salivary peptide markers were associated with the JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt pathways and immune responses. These potentially noninvasive biomarkers may facilitate understanding of FCGS pathophysiology and guide future therapeutic research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of phenylbutazone administration on the enteroinsular axis in horses with insulin dysregulation","authors":"Kate L. Kemp,&nbsp;Jazmine E. Skinner,&nbsp;François-René Bertin","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17256","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17256","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phenylbutazone is prescribed for laminitis-associated pain and decreases glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose test (OGT) in horses with insulin dysregulation (ID).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigate the effect of phenylbutazone administration on the enteroinsular axis in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixteen horses, including 7 with ID.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Randomized cross-over study design, with horses assigned to treatment with phenylbutazone (4.4 mg/kg IV q24h) or placebo (5 mL 0.9% saline). On Day 9 of treatment, an OGT was conducted, followed by a 10-day washout period, administration of the alternative treatment, and repetition of the OGT. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and active glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 (aGLP-1 and GLP-2) concentrations were determined by ELISA. The effects of ID status and treatment on peptide concentrations were assessed using <i>t</i> tests and analyses of variance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Horses with ID had significantly higher maximum GIP concentrations (Cmax) than controls (median, 279.1; interquartile range [IQR], 117.5-319.4 pg/mL vs median, 90.12; IQR, 74.62-116.5 pg/mL; <i>P</i> = .01), but no significant effect of ID was detected on aGLP-1 and GLP-2 concentrations. In horses with ID, phenylbutazone treatment significantly decreased GIP Cmax compared with placebo (168.1 ± 59.26 pg/mL vs 242.8 ± 121.8 pg/mL; <i>P</i> = .04), but no significant effect of phenylbutazone was detected on aGLP-1 and GLP-2 concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, aGLP-1 and GLP-2 do not mediate the decrease in glucose and insulin concentrations observed after phenylbutazone administration. Only GIP was repeatedly associated with ID status, calling into question the role of the enteroinsular axis in ID.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of risk factors for worsening renal function after angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment in dogs","authors":"Yelim Lee,&nbsp;Minju Baek,&nbsp;Dongseop Lee,&nbsp;Jinyeong Park,&nbsp;Yeon Chae,&nbsp;Byeong-Teck Kang,&nbsp;Taesik Yun,&nbsp;Hakhyun Kim","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17252","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17252","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) have the potential to cause worsening renal function (WRF). Therefore, reevaluation of renal function is recommended 1-2 weeks after starting ACEi therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify risk factors for WRF in dogs receiving ACEi for cardiac diseases, proteinuria, or systemic hypertension.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 156 client-owned dogs that received ACEi were included.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum creatinine concentration was determined at the initial presentation and first reevaluation to detect and grade WRF (increase in sCr ≥ 0.3 mg/dL). Grade 1 (nonazotemic), 2 (mild), and 3 (moderate to severe) WRF were characterized by sCr remaining ≤1.6 mg/dL, 1.7-2.5 mg/dL increase, and 2.6-5.0 mg/dL increase, respectively. Demographic and serum chemistry data, such as total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, symmetric dimethylarginine, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol concentrations, and serum electrolyte concentrations at first presentation, were evaluated. Multivariable modeling was performed to identify risk factors for WRF after treatment with ACEi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Worsening renal function was identified in 27/156 (17%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.23) dogs after ACEi treatment. It was classified as Grades 1, 2, and 3 in 17, 2, and 8 dogs, respectively. The only significant factors associated with WRF in dogs receiving ACEi were concurrent administration of furosemide (odds ratio, 5.05; 95% CI, 2.05-12.4; <i>P</i> &lt; .001) and pre-existing azotemia (odds ratio, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.28-8.03; <i>P</i> = .01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although WRF is uncommon and mild, ACEi should be cautiously prescribed in dogs receiving furosemide or those with pre-existing azotemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotyping and drug susceptibility profiling of Prototheca sp. strains isolated from cases of protothecosis in dogs","authors":"Angelika Proskurnicka,&nbsp;Mateusz Iskra,&nbsp;Sylwia Wronka,&nbsp;Zofia Bakuła,&nbsp;Patrizia Danesi,&nbsp;Marconi Rodrigues de Farias,&nbsp;Fábio Vinícius Ramos Portilho,&nbsp;Márcio Garcia Ribeiro,&nbsp;Uwe Rösler,&nbsp;Rui Kano,&nbsp;Richard Malik,&nbsp;Tomasz Jagielski","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17173","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17173","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protothecosis in dogs is a rare, yet emerging disease, distinguished by its often-aggressive clinical course and high fatality rate. Our study was conducted to enhance treatment protocols for affected dogs by better understanding the genetic diversity and drug resistance patterns of <i>Prototheca</i> species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify species and drug susceptibility profiles of an international collection of 28 <i>Prototheca</i> strains isolated from cases of protothecosis in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study. Species-level identification was made for isolates from 28 dogs in 6 countries by molecular typing with the partial <i>cytb</i> gene as a marker. For the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum algicidal concentrations (MACs), the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol (M27-A3) was used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Prototheca bovis</i> was the most prevalent species, accounting for 75% (21/28) of the cases, followed by <i>P. wickerhamii</i> (18%; 5/28) and <i>P. ciferrii</i> (7%; 2/28). Of the 6 drugs tested, efinaconazole (EFZ) was the most potent <i>in vitro</i>, with its median MIC and MAC values equal to 0.125 mg/L. The lowest activity was found for fluconazole (FLU), with MIC and MAC medians of 48 mg/L and 64 mg/L, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study identifies <i>P. bovis</i> as the species that most frequently causes protothecosis in dogs, which suggests the possibility of cross-species infection from other animals, especially cows. Additionally, it indicates that EFZ could be used in the treatment of infection in the colon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11627519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}