Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Plasma Arginine Vasopressin and Serum Copeptin Concentrations at Rest and After Osmotic- and Non-Osmotic-Based Stimulation Tests in Dogs","authors":"Mathieu Victor Paulin,&nbsp;Thomas Schermerhorn,&nbsp;Dorsa Mehrabanpour,&nbsp;Suraj Unniappan,&nbsp;Elisabeth Snead","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum copeptin (sCoP) is used as a surrogate for plasma arginine vasopressin (pAVP) measurement in humans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To measure pAVP and sCoP at rest and after osmotic- and non-osmotic stimulation testing in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight young castrated/spayed healthy research Beagles, eight young intact dogs, and eight old neutered healthy client-owned dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this prospective longitudinal study, pAVP and sCoP were measured under iso-(baseline), hypo-(water load followed by intravenous administration of desmopressin [WLT]), and hyper-(water deprivation test [WDT]) osmolar conditions assessed by measured plasma osmolality (pOsm_(m)), and after administration of arginine (AST), IV, and Bovril (BST), PO. The fraction of change (<i>F</i>) in a variable <i>y</i> (e.g., pAVP) between baseline (<i>T</i>₀) and a timepoint <i>X</i> (<i>T</i>_<i>X</i>) during testing was defined as <i>Fy</i> = [<i>y</i> (<i>T</i>_<i>X</i>) – <i>y</i> (<i>T</i>₀)]/<i>y</i> (<i>T</i>₀).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline sCoP had wide inter-individual variations. Mean [range] FpAVP and FsCoP at the end of WDT were +110% [+80; +142] and +18% [+0.4; +38] compared to baseline, respectively. Mean [range] FpAVP after water load and FsCoP after water load followed by desmopressin administration were −22% [−48; −0.5] and −29% [−39; −14] compared to baseline, respectively. Both FpAVP and FsCoP were strongly correlated to FpOsm_(m) (<i>r</i> = +0.76, <i>p</i> = 0.004; <i>r</i> = +0.78, <i>p</i> = 0.002; respectively). When sCoP was measured at <i>T</i>_4h instead of <i>T</i>_2h during WLT, to reflect its longer half-life reported in humans, the correlation between FpAVP_P800 and FsCoP became excellent (<i>r</i> = +0.90, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No stimulation of sCoP secretion occurred during AST or BST.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum CoP could be used as a surrogate for pAVP measurement in healthy dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70219","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-Limited Erythropoiesis in Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence Examining Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Reticulocyte Volume, and Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content","authors":"Mahmood Ahmadi-hamedani,&nbsp;Majid Mirmohammadkhani,&nbsp;Khatereh Kafshdouzan,&nbsp;Parsa Amoozadeh,&nbsp;Yeganeh Heydarkhani","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Iron-limited erythropoiesis (ILE) is a common condition in dogs and cats, which can lead to anemia; therefore, monitoring with erythrocyte and reticulocyte indices is recommended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare the values of mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean reticulocyte volume (MCVr), and reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) in dogs and cats with ILE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systemative review and meta-analysis. We conducted a systematic search using PRISMA criteria in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar up to 2024. It focused on erythrocyte and reticulocyte indices, such as MCV, MCVr, and CHr, in dogs and cats with ILE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analysis included eight articles. For dogs, the random effect sizes were 2.86 (0.55–5.18) for MCV, 2.18 (0.87–3.58) for MCVr, and 4.73 (1.37–8.08) for CHr. For cats, the effect sizes were 0.85 (0.19–1.5) for MCV, 3.45 (0.49–6.41) for MCVr, and 2.51 (0.29–4.74) for CHr. The analysis revealed <i>I</i>² values of 97%, 94.3%, and 98.2% in dogs, and 63.1%, 93%, and 95.1% in cats, for MCV, MCVr, and CHr, respectively. The overall random effects were 1.98 for MCV, 2.54 for MCVr, and 3.87 for CHr.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings revealed significant differences in reticulocyte indices, MCVr in cats, and CHr in dogs between the ILE-affected and the healthy groups. Considerable variability among studies indicates caution in generalizing findings and makes conclusions less definitive.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive Analysis and Factors Associated With Relapse in Dogs With Presumptive Idiopathic Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis","authors":"Diane Pichard,&nbsp;Thibaud Robin,&nbsp;Kevin Le Boedec,&nbsp;Christelle Maurey,&nbsp;Maxime Kurtz,&nbsp;Fiona Da Riz,&nbsp;Stéphane Blot,&nbsp;Morgane Canonne-Guibert,&nbsp;Mario Cervone,&nbsp;Emilie Krafft,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Cadore,&nbsp;Loïc Desquilbet,&nbsp;Ghita Benchekroun","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70241","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a joint disease common in dogs. Although its prognosis is generally favorable, relapses are frequent, and predictive factors for relapse remain poorly characterized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the outcome of medical management of IMPA in dogs and identify predictive factors for relapse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Client-owned dogs diagnosed with non-associative IMPA between 2010 and 2022 across four veterinary referral centers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective multicentric study. The data collected at the time of diagnosis, including signalment, clinical presentation, imaging, and laboratory findings, and treatments, were analyzed. Relapse was defined as the recurrence of clinical signs, CRP levels above the reference range, or both after remission. Associations with time from remission to relapse were assessed using univariate and multivariable Cox models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 119 dogs, 114 (95.8%) achieved remission. Among the 85 dogs with relapse data, the median time to relapse was 6.5 months, with relapse rates of 43% at 6 months, 61% at 12 months, and 65% at 24 months. In the multivariable analysis, thrombocytosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 5.5 [2.0–15.0]_95%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), lymphadenomegaly (aHR = 4.0 [1.5–11]_95%, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and lameness (aHR = 3.9 [1.2–12.2]_95%, <i>p</i> = 0.02) at initial admission were independently and significantly associated with time from remission to relapse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights a favorable clinical outcome for dogs with non-associative IMPA with high remission rates but substantial relapse risks. Lameness, lymphadenomegaly, and thrombocytosis are associated with a greater risk of relapse.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multicenter, Retrospective Analysis of Long-Term Survival in 255 Dogs With Pheochromocytoma Treated With Alpha-Adrenoreceptor Antagonists or Surgery (2010–2021)","authors":"Matthew M. E. Steele,&nbsp;Marit F. van den Berg,&nbsp;Sara Galac,&nbsp;Ana M. Dordio,&nbsp;Anna Threlfall,&nbsp;Cláudia Gomes,&nbsp;Amanda Paul,&nbsp;Mirja Nolff,&nbsp;Nadja Sieber-Ruckstuhl,&nbsp;Ghita Benchekroun,&nbsp;Fergus Allerton,&nbsp;Beatriz Mendoza,&nbsp;Susanna Spence,&nbsp;Paula Valiente,&nbsp;Alisdair Boag,&nbsp;Federico Fracassi,&nbsp;Alejandra Carranza Valencia,&nbsp;Jorge Pena-Ramos,&nbsp;Ben Lloyd-Bradley,&nbsp;Mayank Seth,&nbsp;Jack Fawsitt,&nbsp;Fang Yu Foo,&nbsp;Romy M. Heilmann,&nbsp;Paolo Silverstrini,&nbsp;Aurélie Lyssens,&nbsp;Emilie Vangrinsven,&nbsp;Clara Casas-Acuna,&nbsp;Alenka Hrovat,&nbsp;Carolina Arenas,&nbsp;Mario Cervone,&nbsp;Carmel T. Mooney,&nbsp;Rodolfo O. Leal,&nbsp;Karolina Maria Piekos,&nbsp;Gerard Olivares,&nbsp;Guillame Ruiz,&nbsp;Sarah J. Caulfield,&nbsp;Sophie Keyte,&nbsp;Anaïs Lamoureux,&nbsp;Christopher J. Scudder,&nbsp;Ruth Gostelow","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The survival of dogs with pheochromocytoma (PCC) treated with adrenoreceptor antagonists has not been described or compared to surgically managed cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study is to evaluate the survival of medically and surgically managed dogs with PCC and investigate factors associated with survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred fifty-five dogs with PCC, treated with alpha-adrenoreceptor antagonists (AA) without adrenalectomy (Group 1, <i>n</i> = 75), adrenalectomy +/– AA (Group 2, <i>n</i> = 128), or neither treatment (Group 3, <i>n</i> = 52).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective, multicenter review of medical records. Median overall survival time (OST) for Groups 1 and 2 combined was calculated using Kaplan–Meier estimates, and then compared between Group 1 and Group 2 using Log-Rank testing. Cox proportional hazard analysis identified factors associated with survival in Groups 1 and 2 individually and combined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Median OST for all cases was 854 (95% CI: 572–1136) days. Median OST was lower in Group 1 (247 days, 95% CI: 76–418 days) than in Group 2 (927 days, 95% CI: 587–1267 days; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In Group 2, 88/92 dogs (97.8%) that received presurgical AA treatment survived to discharge compared to 23/27 (85.2%) that did not receive AA pretreatment (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Lack of clinical signs at presentation was associated with increased survival in both groups combined (HR 0.5; 95% CI 0.3–0.9; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and in Group 2 alone (HR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.7; <i>p</i> = 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with PCC treated with adrenalectomy have longer survival compared to those managed with AA without adrenalectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inadvertent Intracranial Nasogastric Tube Placement Causing Traumatic Brain Injury in a Neonatal Cat","authors":"Riley Shugg,&nbsp;Steven W. Frederick,&nbsp;Sarah A. Moore,&nbsp;Lisa L. Powell","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 20-day-old, 0.26 kg intact female domestic shorthair kitten was presented for evaluation of labored breathing and decreased appetite. Physical examination and thoracic radiographs were consistent with bronchointerstitial pneumonia, and the cat was hospitalized and treated with antibiotics, oxygen therapy, and nutritional support through a nasogastric tube. Mild resistance was encountered during nasogastric tube placement before advancement to the premeasured length. Lateral thoracic radiographic examination of the thorax, neck, and head suggested the nasogastric tube had entered the calvarium through the cribriform plate and had become coiled. The nasogastric tube was immediately removed, with no acute decline in the kitten's neurologic status; however, the kitten ultimately died secondary to suspected respiratory failure. Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging and necropsy confirmed the presence of severe pneumonia and marked cerebral and midbrain hemorrhage secondary to traumatic intracranial nasogastric tube placement.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indications for Blood Cultures in Dogs and Associations With Positive Results in 323 Submissions","authors":"Steven E. Epstein,&nbsp;Barbara A. Byrne,&nbsp;Jane E. Sykes","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bacteremia has been associated with many diseases in dogs, but contemporary data from a large and diverse population are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Report reasons for blood culture, protocols used, and diseases associated with a positive result in a tertiary referral institution. We hypothesized that larger volumes of blood, lack of previous antimicrobial administration, and changes in hematologic variables would be associated with increased rates of microbiological growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 279 dogs from which 323 blood culture results were available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For 180 submissions, patient and blood culture protocol data at the time of specimen collection were collected prospectively using a survey form. For 143 submissions, data were retrospectively collected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microbial growth was noted in 55/323 (17%) submissions, with 35/55 (63.6%) interpreted as clinically relevant growth and 20 (36.4%) interpreted as contamination, resulting in an overall positive rate of 10.8%. Specimen volume (<i>p</i> = 0.01), white blood cell count (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and neutrophil count (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were positively associated with relevant growth. Diseases associated with relevant growth were suspected discospondylitis (30%, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and illness while on immunosuppressive drugs (44%, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Submissions performed to assess for bacteremia as a secondary cause of immune-mediated disease were less likely to yield relevant growth (0%, <i>p</i> = 0.004) than those performed for other reasons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this population, blood cultures were most likely to provide diagnostically useful information in dogs with suspected discospondylitis and those receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Specimen volume should be maximized to increase the likelihood of clinically relevant growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Naproxen Overdose Using Therapeutic Plasma Exchange and Plasmaperfusion in a Dog","authors":"Kelsea A. Studer,&nbsp;Christine Iacovetta","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An 8-year-old male neutered 37.4 kg mixed breed dog was presented for suspected ingestion of a large amount of naproxen (estimated at 235–294 mg/kg). The dog was treated using a combination of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and plasmaperfusion (PP). The exchange of 2 plasma volumes during 140 min of TPE resulted in a 46% decrease in blood naproxen concentration. Treatment of 1 plasma volume during the following 90 min of PP resulted in an additional 10.3% decrease in naproxen concentration. The patient developed mild gastrointestinal (GI) signs that were treated medically and was successfully discharged after 4 days of hospitalization with normal follow-up laboratory test results and physical examination findings. The combination of extracorporeal treatments decreased the plasma concentration of naproxen, but the additional decrease from PP may not have provided substantial benefit compared with other conventional treatments. No reports of PP, as an alternative to hemoperfusion (HP), in veterinary medicine currently are available.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted Metabolic Profiling of Cat Urine and Plasma in Hypertension","authors":"Jim Scott-Baumann,&nbsp;Alice H. Watson,&nbsp;Luis Mur,&nbsp;Harriet M. Syme","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early diagnosis of hypertension remains an important problem in cats. Lack of routine blood pressure screening in primary care practice, and the possibility of white coat artifact mean the discovery of a new diagnostic test, if less sensitive to short-term changes in blood pressure associated with veterinary care, would be useful. Identification of metabolomic changes in hypertensive cats could advance understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertension in cats, as well as identify novel biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Use untargeted metabolomics to identify biochemical changes in cat plasma and urine between normotensive controls (NT) and hypertensive cats before treatment (HTpre); HTpre and hypertensive cats treated with amlodipine (HTtx).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biobanked surplus plasma and urine samples were selected from client-owned cats (&gt; 9 years old) that were NT (urine <i>n</i> = 17, plasma <i>n</i> = 19), HTpre (urine <i>n</i> = 13, plasma <i>n</i> = 19), or HTtx (urine <i>n</i> = 12, plasma <i>n</i> = 19).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Samples were profiled using flow infusion electrospray—high-resolution mass spectrometry, and differences assessed using univariate (paired or two sample <i>t</i>-tests) and multivariate (partial least squares discriminant analysis) methods using the R-based MetaboAnalyst platform. Tentative identifications of metabolites then were made using the MZedDb database.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant (false discovery adjusted &lt; 0.01) biochemical differences were observed between each of the sample groups. Biochemical changes in urine between HTpre and NT animals were linked to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative stress, steroid hormones, taurine metabolism, and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolites altered in hypertensive cats were similar to those observed in other species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144918849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Single-Dose Oral Probenecid Administration in Healthy Dogs","authors":"Margaret Cook,&nbsp;Daniel L. Gustafson,&nbsp;Katie Kroeker,&nbsp;Sarah Shropshire,&nbsp;Kristin M. Zersen","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Grape-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is caused by tartaric acid and may lead to death in dogs. Probenecid, an organic anion transporter-1 inhibitor, recently has been shown to block the uptake of tartaric acid in Madin–Darby canine kidney cells and has been suggested as a possible target for prevention of AKI after grape ingestion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assess the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of PO probenecid in dogs. We hypothesized that probenecid would result in mild, self-limiting gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects and would be safe in healthy dogs. Additionally, we hypothesized that PO probenecid (50 mg/kg) would have adequate bioavailability and achieve pharmacologically active plasma drug concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six healthy beagle dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pharmacokinetic (PK) study. Dogs were given 50 mg/kg of probenecid PO, with PK data collected for 48 h after administration. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, urinalysis, and clinical monitoring were performed throughout a 21-day study period to assess safety. Plasma concentration versus time data was analyzed using non-compartmental and two-compartmental modeling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Orally administered probenecid had excellent estimated bioavailability (82.6%) and rapid absorption, with a mean maximal plasma concentration of 589.3 μM (range: 368.0–830.5 μM) within 1.5 h. The mean volume of distribution was 0.71 L/kg, with mean systemic clearance of 0.022 L/h/kg and mean half-life of 24.1 h. Probenecid was well tolerated by all six dogs, with no clinically relevant adverse effects noted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Orally administered probenecid is safe and bioavailable in healthy dogs. Future clinical trials assessing PO probenecid in dogs with known tartaric acid ingestion are warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonal T Cell Proliferation Induced by Acute Anaplasmosis in a Dog","authors":"Sean R. Teichner,&nbsp;Lisa L. Powell,&nbsp;Allison S. Mazepa","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70233","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 4-year-old spayed female Golden Retriever was examined for hindlimb lameness, lethargy, poor appetite, and pyrexia 3 weeks after the removal of numerous ticks. Complete blood count revealed moderate thrombocytopenia and mild lymphopenia. A SNAP 4Dx test was negative <i>for Borrelia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia</i> spp., <i>Anaplasma</i> spp., and <i>Dirofilaria immitis</i>. Abdominal ultrasound identified moderate mesenteric lymphadenopathy and regionally hyperechoic mesentery. Joint fluid cytology raised concern for large cell lymphoma. Flow cytometry identified 37% aberrant large CD4+ T cells, suggesting lymphoma. PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) testing on the joint fluid confirmed clonal expansion of T cells, further supporting T-cell lymphoma. Peripheral blood PCR was positive for <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>. The dog's clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities resolved after a 30-day treatment with doxycycline. After treatment, joint fluid analysis, including cytology and flow cytometry, was normal. This case highlights the importance of considering <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> as a differential diagnosis in dogs with a clonal expansion of CD4+ T cells, emphasizing the comprehensive diagnostic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}