Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The association between taurine concentrations and dog characteristics, clinical variables, and diet in English cocker spaniels: The Canine taURinE (CURE) project","authors":"Karin Kriström,&nbsp;Jens Häggström,&nbsp;Andrea J. Fascetti,&nbsp;Lena Ström,&nbsp;Mark Dirven,&nbsp;Joshua Yu,&nbsp;Titti Sjödal Essén,&nbsp;Anna Tidholm,&nbsp;Paul D. Pion,&nbsp;Ingrid Ljungvall","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occurrence of low blood taurine concentrations (B-TauC) and predisposing factors to taurine deficiency in English Cocker Spaniels (ECS) are incompletely understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigate the occurrence of low B-TauC in a Swedish population of ECS and evaluate the association between B-TauC and dog characteristics, clinical variables, and diet composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One-hundred eighty privately owned ECS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs were prospectively recruited and underwent physical examination, blood analyses, and echocardiographic and ophthalmic examinations. Dogs with clinical signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) also underwent thoracic radiography. Taurine concentrations were analyzed in plasma (EDTA and heparin) and whole blood. Diets consumed by the dogs at the time of the examination were analyzed for dietary taurine- (D-TauC), cysteine- (D-CysC), and methionine concentrations (D-MetC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-three of 180 dogs (29%) had low B-TauC, of which 13 (25%) dogs had clinical and radiographic signs of CHF, increased echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) dimensions and volumes, and impaired LV systolic function. Five (9%) dogs with low B-TauC had retinal abnormalities. Dietary MetC, dietary animal protein source (red/white meat), and age were associated with B-TauC in the final multivariable regression model (<i>P</i> &lt; .001, <i>R</i>²_adj = .39).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Low B-TauC suggests that taurine deficiency may play a role in the development of myocardial failure and CHF in ECS. Low D-MetC and diets with red meat as the animal protein source were associated with low B-TauC. Dogs with B-TauC below the normal reference range were older than dogs with normal concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous sampling of healthy and mastitic quarters of lactating cattle by ultrafiltration after intramammary ceftiofur hydrochloride administration","authors":"Danielle A. Mzyk,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Halleran,&nbsp;Hannah J. Sylvester,&nbsp;Claire B. Giles,&nbsp;Megan E. Jacob,&nbsp;Ronald E. Baynes,&nbsp;Derek M. Foster","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pharmacological activity of intramammary drugs depends on adequate drug concentrations within the cistern, but sampling is often limited. Insight into the active drug concentration within the mammary cistern may assist in determining effective and appropriate therapeutic decisions for cows being treated for mastitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluate the disposition of ceftiofur hydrochloride administered intramammary in diseased and nondiseased quarters. Whole milk and ultrafiltrate sampling techniques were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten mature, late lactation Holstein (n = 9) and Jersey (n = 1) dairy cows (422-670 kg) with naturally occurring clinical mastitis, producing between 1.4 and 15.9 kg/day of milk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultrafiltration probes were placed in both mastitic and healthy quarters. Each quarter was treated with 2 doses of 125 mg ceftiofur hydrochloride suspension, and whole milk and milk ultrafiltrate samples were collected. Ceftiofur concentrations in composite whole milk and milk ultrafiltrate were analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The maximum concentration of ceftiofur was higher in ultrafiltrate samples, but no differences were identified in healthy or mastitic quarters. The use of ultrafiltration probes provides a novel technique for free drug concentrations within the mastitic and healthy bovine mammary gland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant inter- and intracow variability and lower daily milk weights may overestimate ceftiofur concentrations available within the cistern. The pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters reported in milk ultrafiltrate will help establish a link between the PK and the corresponding drug effect, potentially providing a meaningful rationale for the selection of a safe and effective dose in cows with mastitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of sedation-awakening electroencephalography in dogs with epilepsy","authors":"Marcin Wrzosek,&nbsp;Aleksandra Banasik,&nbsp;Adriana Czerwik,&nbsp;Agnieszka Olszewska,&nbsp;Marta Płonek,&nbsp;Veronika Stein","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17153","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electroencephalography (EEG) recording protocols have been standardized for humans. Although the utilization of techniques in veterinary medicine is increasing, a standard protocol has not yet been established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assessment of a sedation-awakening EEG protocol in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electroencephalography examination was performed in a research colony of 6 nonepileptic dogs (control [C]) and 12 dogs with epilepsy admitted to the clinic because of the epileptic seizures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It was a prospective study with retrospective control. Dogs with epilepsy were divided into 2 equal groups, wherein EEG acquisition was performed using a “sedation” protocol (IE-S, n = 6) and a “sedation-awakening” protocol (IE-SA, n = 6). All animals were sedated using medetomidine. In IE-SA group, sedation was reversed 5 minutes after commencing the EEG recording by injecting atipamezole IM. Type of background activity (BGA) and presence of EEG-defined epileptiform discharges (EDs) were evaluated blindly. Statistical significance was set at P &gt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epileptiform discharges were found in 1 of 6 of the dogs in group C, 4 of 6 of the dogs in IE-S group, and 5 of 6 of the dogs in IE-SA group. A significantly greater number of EDs (spikes, <i>P</i> = .0109; polyspikes, <i>P</i> = .0109; sharp waves, <i>P</i> = .01) were detected in Phase 2 in animals subjected to the “sedation-awakening” protocol, whereas there was no statistically significant greater number of discharges in sedated animals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A “sedation-awakening” EEG protocol could be of value for ambulatory use if repeated EEG recordings and monitoring of epilepsy in dogs is needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of fibroblast growth factor 19 concentrations between dogs with and without gallbladder mucoceles","authors":"Vy Ngoc Yen Truong,&nbsp;Chin-Chi Liu,&nbsp;Jillian Myers,&nbsp;Mayzie Miller,&nbsp;Amanda Yang,&nbsp;Jeongha Lee,&nbsp;Nancy Welborn,&nbsp;Andrea N. Johnston","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17165","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is an enterohepatic hormone the synthesis of which is stimulated by bile acid activation of the nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in ileal enterocytes. Increased production of FGF19 downregulates hepatocyte bile acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis, while concurrently upregulating hepatocyte glycogenesis and gallbladder (GB) filling. The physiologic impact of this regulatory cycle is illustrated in cholecystectomized humans, in whom the disturbed meal-related flux of GB bile decreases serum FGF19 concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine if serum FGF19 concentrations are lower in dogs with clinical GB mucoceles (GBMs) than in control dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven dogs with GBM diagnosed using abdominal ultrasonography, biochemical markers, and GB histopathology. Forty-two control dogs without gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary disorders also were evaluated. Health status of controls was assessed by physical examination and diagnostic hematologic and biochemical test results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective cross-sectional study to compare fasting plasma or serum FGF19 concentrations between groups. Concentrations of FGF19 were quantified by a commercially available FGF19 ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Concentrations of FGF19 were significantly lower in dogs with clinical GBM (median, 14.0 pg/mL; range, 12.8-67.2) than in control dogs (median, 145.3 pg/mL; range, 36.5-285.1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In dogs, GBM is associated with significantly decreased serum FGF19 concentrations. We speculate that this finding reflects compromised GB contraction and decreased enterohepatic circulation of bile flow. Subnormal FGF19 concentrations may influence bile acid synthesis and hepatic metabolism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of extracorporeal hemoperfusion therapy in an adult horse with Clostridioides difficile colitis and severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome","authors":"Kallie J. Hobbs,&nbsp;Andre N. V. Le Sueur,&nbsp;Kimberly Hallowell,&nbsp;Emily Martin,&nbsp;Mary Katherine Sheats,&nbsp;Yu Ueda","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17154","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An 8-year-old American Quarter Horse gelding was treated with extracorporeal hemoperfusion (HP) therapy for treatment of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (<i>C. difficile</i>) colitis-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The gelding developed <i>C. difficile</i> associated peracute colitis and severe SIRS as evidenced by a positive fecal <i>C. difficile</i> PCR and tachypnea, tachycardia, fever, neutropenia, altered mucous membrane color, and hyperlactatemia. Concurrent acute kidney injury in the horse limited the use of routine anti-inflammatory and anti-lipopolysaccharide treatments, including flunixin meglumine and polymyxin B, because of potential for nephrosis. Extracorporeal HP therapy was performed twice within 48 hours of the onset of severe SIRS during which the horse's physical examination variables stabilized. The horse was euthanized after 4 days because of laminitis. These findings support further investigation of extracorporeal HP therapy as an adjunctive treatment for severe SIRS/sepsis in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective evaluation of succinct prednisone tapering after brain tumor irradiation in dogs","authors":"Jason R. Strasberg,&nbsp;John H. Rossmeisl,&nbsp;Krista L. Kelsey,&nbsp;Hiroto Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Tracy L. Gieger,&nbsp;Michael W. Nolan","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17163","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To ameliorate anticipated or ongoing neurological deficits, dogs undergoing brain tumor irradiation often are prescribed lengthy courses of prednisone PO during and after radiotherapy (RT). This practice can contribute to unwanted corticosteroid-associated morbidity and may be unnecessary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine whether long-term corticosteroid dependency can be minimized by use of succinct prednisone tapering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-five pet dogs undergoing brain tumor irradiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nineteen dogs were treated using a “rapid-taper” protocol wherein corticosteroid dose reduction began 0 to 20 days after completing RT. Outcomes were compared with a retrospectively studied control group (“slow-taper”; N = 36 dogs) in which corticosteroids were tapered more slowly according to individual clinician recommendations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient demographics were similar between groups. Mean time to lowest prednisone dose was 41 days postirradiation in the rapid-taper group and 117 days in the slow-taper group (<i>P</i> = .003). In the rapid-taper group, 15 of 19 dogs (84%) were completely tapered off prednisone, vs 18 of 36 (50%) in the slow-taper group (<i>P</i> = .04). Rates at which corticosteroids had to be reinstituted later were similar for the 2 groups (approximately 1 in 3 dogs). Adverse effect rates were similar for the 2 groups. Although no comparable questionnaire-derived data were available for the “slow-taper” group, overall and neurologic quality of life remained stable after RT in the rapid-taper group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For many dogs, lengthy courses of PO prednisone are avoidable after intracranial RT. Future efforts should aim to identify which dogs benefit most from accelerated prednisone tapering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation scores and other prognostic factors in cats with first-time diabetic ketoacidosis","authors":"Yael Ad,&nbsp;Rebecka S. Hess","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17151","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLE) scores have not been reported in cats with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Hypothesis&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In cats with DKA, APPLE scores will be significantly higher in non-survivors compared with survivors and these scores will predict mortality.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Animals&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sixty-eight cats with DKA.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Retrospective study. The APPLE scores, blood glucose concentration (BG), venous pH, and ketone concentrations were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Simple logistic regression was used to determine if these variables predict the binary variable of survival or non-survival, and if they did, an empirical optimal cut point for mortality prediction was calculated.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The APPLE&lt;sub&gt;fast&lt;/sub&gt; and APPLE&lt;sub&gt;full&lt;/sub&gt; scores were significantly higher in non-survivors (30 cats; &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;24.6&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;7.4&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;45.2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;7.3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, respectively) compared with survivors (38 cats; &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;20.9&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;6.2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;41.7&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;6.5&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .01 and &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .02, respectively). The APPLE&lt;sub&gt;fast&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .03) but not the APPLE&lt;sub&gt;full&lt;/sub&gt; scores (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .06) predicted mortality. For every 1 unit increase in the APPLE&lt;sub&gt;fast&lt;/sub&gt; score, the odds of death increased by 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.006-1.17; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .03). Median BG was significantly higher in non-survivors (431 mg/dL; range, 260-832 mg/dL) compared with survivors (343 mg/dL; range, 256-738 mg/dL; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .01) and BG predicted mortality (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = .02). For every 1 mg/dL increase in BG, the odds of death increased by 1.004 (95% CI, 1.0006-1.008). Empirical optimal ","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic profiling of pheochromocytomas in dogs: Catecholamine phenotype and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites","authors":"Marit F. van den Berg,&nbsp;Nicole Bechmann,&nbsp;Hans S. Kooistra,&nbsp;Monique E. van Wolferen,&nbsp;Elpetra P. M. Timmermans-Sprang,&nbsp;Mirko Peitzsch,&nbsp;Sara Galac","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In humans with pheochromocytomas (PCCs), targeted metabolomics is used to determine the catecholamine phenotype or to uncover underlying pathogenic variants in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle genes such as succinate dehydrogenase subunits (<i>SDHx</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyze catecholamine contents and TCA cycle metabolites of PCCs and normal adrenals (NAs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten healthy dogs, 21 dogs with PCC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective observational study. Dogs diagnosed with PCC based on histopathological and immunohistochemical confirmation were included. Tissue catecholamine contents and TCA metabolites in PCCs and NAs were measured by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry or electrochemical detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to NAs, PCCs had significantly higher tissue proportion of norepinephrine (88% [median: range, 38%-98%] vs 14% [11%-26%]; <i>P</i> &lt; .001), and significantly lower tissue proportion of epinephrine (12% [1%-62%] vs 86% [74%-89%]; <i>P</i> &lt; .001). Pheochromocytomas exhibited significantly lower fumarate (0.4-fold; <i>P</i> &lt; .001), and malate (0.5-fold; <i>P</i> = .008) contents than NAs. Citrate was significantly higher in PCCs than in NAs (1.6-fold; <i>P</i> = .015). One dog in the PCC group had an aberrant succinate : fumarate ratio that was 25-fold higher than in the other PCCs, suggesting an <i>SDHx</i> mutation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reveals a distinct catecholamine content and TCA cycle metabolite profile in PCCs. Metabolite profiling might be used to uncover underlying pathogenic variants in TCA cycle genes in dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of transthoracic echocardiographic guidance for multicatheter electrophysiological mapping studies in horses","authors":"Ingrid Vernemmen,&nbsp;Eva Buschmann,&nbsp;Marie Demeyere,&nbsp;Lize-Maria Verhaeghe,&nbsp;Glenn Van Steenkiste,&nbsp;Annelies Decloedt,&nbsp;Gunther van Loon","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17156","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17156","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Improved characterization of arrhythmias is based on minimally invasive catheterizations. However, these catheterizations have been poorly explored in horses because apart from 3-dimensional (3D) mapping systems, continuous guidance of the catheter's position with adequate detail is difficult using current imaging modalities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Hypothesis</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Position multiple electrophysiology catheters simultaneously at predetermined strategical positions in the heart using transthoracic echocardiographic guidance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight adult healthy horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational study. Two electrophysiological studies were performed: 1 procedure with catheters positioned in the right heart in the standing sedated horse and 1 procedure under general anesthesia with catheters positioned in the left heart. Except for the coronary sinus catheter, each catheter positioning was simultaneously guided by right-parasternal transthoracic echocardiography and 3D electro-anatomical mapping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For each catheter position, a central imaging plane was taken as the starting point, after which the imaging probe was shifted, rotated, and angulated to visualize the catheter over its entire length, including its distal electrode. Catheter positionings in the right heart and left ventricle were successfully guided in the majority of the horses whereas catheter positionings in the left atrium, and especially the pulmonary veins, were challenging to guide echocardiographically.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultrasound guidance of catheters to specific positions useful for electrophysiological mapping was feasible in the right heart and left ventricle but challenging for the left atrium. This approach creates a perspective for minimally invasive arrhythmia diagnosis without the need for a 3D mapping system. Left parasternal views and intracardiac echocardiography might provide better guidance for left atrial positions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated serum concentrations of fat-soluble vitamins in dogs with chronic enteropathy","authors":"Federica Serafini,&nbsp;Kristen M. Maxwell,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Zhu,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Lennon","doi":"10.1111/jvim.17107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jvim.17107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of humans, nutrient malabsorption can result in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency, especially of vitamin D. In veterinary species, decreased concentrations of vitamin D are relatively common in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE), but data on the status of other fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) is lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determine the serum concentrations of retinol, vitamin D, and α-tocopherol in dogs with CE compared with healthy dogs and compare clinical, clinicopathologic variables between CE and healthy dogs to detect associations with decreased FSVs concentrations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighteen client-owned dogs with CE and 33 healthy dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), serum retinol and α-tocopherol concentrations were compared between groups. Correlations and multiple regression modeling were used to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D, retinol, and α-tocopherol concentrations and clinical and clinicopathological variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with low serum albumin concentrations were more likely to have lower 25(OH)D concentrations than dogs with normal serum albumin concentration. Dogs with CE had higher serum concentrations of retinol, and variable α-tocopherol concentrations. The cause of these dysregulated vitamin concentrations is unclear and requires further study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs with severe forms of CE should be monitored for decreased concentrations of 25(OH)D. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance and the possible benefit of vitamin D supplementation in these patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.17107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}