Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Effect of water table on the behaviour of retaining walls and adjacent structures during earthquake loading","authors":"Xiaoyu Guan,&nbsp;Gopal Santana Phani Madabhushi","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of container ports, the water table is typically lower than the ground surface of the backfill, allowing container cranes to load or unload freight from ships. Although previous studies of the seismic behaviour of retaining walls embedded in saturated soils have been performed, the same water table and ground surface are adopted for simplicity. Moreover, limited research has been conducted considering the influence of existing structures, i.e. container cranes in a more specific sense, on retaining wall systems subjected to seismic loading. In this research, a series of dynamic centrifuge tests were performed on the same retaining wall system with the same structure on the backfill, but with different water tables to investigate the effect of water tables on the dynamic behaviour of retaining walls and adjacent container cranes. This paper presents the dynamic response of soil and retaining walls in terms of accelerations, displacements, and deformations. The behaviour of the structure on the backfill is also presented. Very interestingly, it is found that the lowered water table caused changes in the failure mechanism of this retaining wall system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109273"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sobol’ sensitivity analysis of a 1D stochastic elasto-plastic seismic wave propagation","authors":"Hexiang Wang ,&nbsp;Fangbo Wang ,&nbsp;Han Yang ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Staszewska ,&nbsp;Boris Jeremić","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel numerical framework for the Sobol’ sensitivity analysis of 1D stochastic elasto-plastic wave propagation is proposed and evaluated. The forward propagation of uncertain input motions through uncertain elasto-plastic soils and structures is often conducted using the finite element method (FEM) together with the Monte Carlo simulation. However, it is computationally much more efficient to use the stochastic elasto-plastic FEM (SEPFEM) instead. Hence the developed framework is based on the SEPFEM. The backward propagation of uncertainties, that is, the determination of relative influences of individual uncertain input motions and uncertain material properties on the resulting uncertain seismic wave propagation, is known as the global sensitivity analysis. A global sensitivity analysis, namely, the Sobol’ sensitivity analysis, is included in the proposed framework. Uncertain input, bedrock motions are obtained using the ground motion prediction equations of Fourier amplitude spectra and Fourier phase derivative, and they are modeled as a non-stationary random process. Stochastic elasto-plastic soil properties are represented as heterogeneous random fields. The random process and the random fields are discretized in the probabilistic space using an orthogonal Hermite polynomial chaos (PC) basis. The probabilistic system response is obtained efficiently using the Galerkin stochastic FEM. The Sobol’ sensitivity analysis is conducted for the PC-represented uncertain system response. The benefits of the presented framework to the site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis are discussed.</div><div>The novel approach enables to take into account the uncertainty in both, seismic load and elasto-plastic material parameters, and to assess their individual influences on the overall uncertainty in the resulting wave field accurately and efficiently. The presented framework has been implemented into Real-ESSI Simulator and, here, it is evaluated and demonstrated to be very useful for the seismic site response analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new collapse mechanism of RC frame structures under earthquakes: Shaking table tests and numerical analysis","authors":"Zhe Xu ,&nbsp;Zi-Han Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures under mega earthquakes, it is well acknowledged that damage primarily concentrates at beam ends and column ends. Successively, a certain number of plastic hinges develop which can trigger the structural collapse. However, the present study found that the plastic hinges could form at the mid-span of the first story beams in an RC frame structure configured with a slab opening on one side of the first floor. To investigate the failure behavior and collapse mechanism, first, shaking table tests were conducted on three 1/10-scale three-story RC frame models M1, M2 and M3, each configured with a slab opening on one side of the first floor. The models M1 and M2 were identical and conducted for repetition, while the model M3 served as a reference and was strengthened at the mid-span of the first story beams to prevent from forming a plastic hinge at this location. Then, the time history analysis and pushover analysis were performed using the finite element method. Finally, the prototype RC frame structures were numerically simulated till collapse under five bidirectional earthquakes. Test and numerical results found that for the models M1 and M2, the plastic hinges consistently formed at the mid-span of the first story beams and contributed to the new collapse mode towards the side with the slab opening. However, for the model M3, the plastic hinges concentrated at the beam ends and columns ends, behaving in the commonly recognized collapse towards the side without the slab opening. The pushover analysis found that the slab on one side of the first floor significantly influenced the distribution of cross-sectional bending moments along the first story beams, leading to the plastic hinges developing at the mid-span of the first story beams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the resonance response of soil–pile-nuclear island structural system under seismic excitation","authors":"Xiankai Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenhao Qi ,&nbsp;Feng Xia ,&nbsp;Changyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Xu Han","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resonance can significantly amplify a structure’s response to seismic loads, leading to extended damage, especially in critical infrastructure like nuclear power plants. Thus, this study focuses on the resonance effects of the dynamic interaction between layered soil, pile foundations, and nuclear island structures, which is particularly important given the limited availability of bedrock sites for such facilities. Specifically, this study explores the resonance behavior of nuclear islands under various seismic conditions through large-scale shaking table tests by developing a dynamic interaction model for layered soil–pile-nuclear island systems. The proposed model comprises a 3 × 3 pile group supporting the upper structure of a nuclear island embedded within a three-layer soil profile. Sinusoidal waves of varying frequencies identify the factors influencing the system’s resonance response. Besides, the resonance effects are validated by inputting seismic motions based on compressed acceleration time histories. Furthermore, the impact of non-primary frequency components on structural resonance is assessed by comparing sinusoidal wave components. The findings reveal that resonance effects increase as the amplitude of the input seismic motion increases to a certain threshold, after which the effect stabilizes. This trend is particularly pronounced in the bending moment response at the pile head. Additionally, an independent resonance phenomenon is observed in the superstructure, suggesting that its resonance effects should be considered separately in nuclear island design. Similar resonance effects are observed when the predominant frequency of sinusoidal waves closely matches the compressed seismic motions, suggesting that sinusoidal inputs effectively simulate structural resonance during seismic design testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of landslides induced by earthquake risk of Istanbul: A comprehensive study utilizing an integrated DFS-AHP and DFS-EDAS approach","authors":"Bahar Yalcin Kavus ,&nbsp;Alev Taskin","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Secondary disasters, the grim aftermath of earthquakes, encompass a range of life-threatening risks, including aftershocks, building collapses, landslides, tsunamis, fires, and water pollution. These disasters, far from being mere inconveniences, can cause significant damage and loss of life. The gravity of secondary disasters, particularly in high-risk areas like Istanbul, underscores the need for comprehensive study and preparation. This study specifically addresses the risk of post-earthquake landslides in Istanbul and emphasizes the importance of proactive preparation to mitigate the consequences of these hazards. It explicitly examines the European side of Istanbul and aims to rank the districts according to their post-earthquake landslide risk. The criteria for weighting are determined based on a comprehensive review of the literature on landslide risks triggered by earthquakes. The Decomposed Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (DFS-AHP) is used to determine the importance of each criterion, and the Decomposed Fuzzy Evaluation based on the Distance from Average Solution (DFS-EDAS) method ranks the alternatives. This study introduces a new approach that contributes methodologically and practically to the limited literature on secondary disasters. In particular, this study presents the first application of AHP and EDAS models integrated with DFS. This approach advances the literature and offers a replicable framework that can be adapted for similar risk assessments in other regions worldwide. By identifying high-risk zones and prioritizing areas for emergency response, this methodology provides a practical tool that can support disaster preparedness and response strategies globally. The study also aims to support municipal authorities in formulating effective preparedness and risk mitigation strategies appropriate to Istanbul's unique geological and urban structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic test and numerical analysis of an innovative re-centering SMA cable-wrapped wedge friction damper","authors":"Chenliang Fan ,&nbsp;Hui Qian ,&nbsp;Yifei Shi ,&nbsp;Linsheng Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to address the problems associated with conventional friction dampers, including excessive residual displacements, limited initial stiffness and unstable energy dissipation, a novel solution is introduced in this study: the SMA cable-based recentering wedge friction damper (RWFD). This innovative system integrates a re-centering mechanism controlled by SMA cables and a friction damper design designed to achieve re-centering functionality and stable energy consumption. This study details the complex construction and assembly of the re-centering SMA cable wedge friction damper and explains its principle of operation.In this study, loading tests have been performed on SMA cables and the results are given with conclusions and recommendations. In addition, this study also produces a real component equal to the RWFD 3D model for loading test, the loading phenomenon and results are analyzed, which provides important information for the subsequent simulation analysis.The finite element refinement model of RWFD, which is consistent with the theoretical model and experimental results, is established and rigorously verified, and the key parameters affecting the performance of RWFD are comprehensively analyzed: longitudinal thickness of SMA cable, initial pre-tensioning stress, transversal width of SMA cable, and friction surface coefficient. The load-displacement curves of the corresponding models were derived from the finite element model simulations and evaluated using the relevant performance indicators. The evaluation results not only validate the effectiveness of RWFD, but also provide valuable insights for optimising its performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysteretic and seismic behavior of thick rubber bearings under bidirectional shear loading","authors":"Mohammed Samier Sebaq ,&nbsp;Ying Zhou ,&nbsp;Zengde Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The behavior of thick rubber bearings (TRBs) is complex because of their thick rubber layers, which are specifically designed to reduce vertical and horizontal vibrations. Although extensive literature supports the benefits of TRBs, there is a lack of research examining the performance of TRBs subjected to the bidirectional shear deformation. Therefore, this study numerically investigates the hysteretic behavior of four full-scale TRBs under bidirectional shear loading, including box, circle, and figure-eight orbits. First, numerical models were developed in ABAQUS software and validated against experimental results by comparing hysteretic curves of TRBs under unidirectional loading, along with data from a single square TRB under bidirectional loading available in the literature. Then, this study examined the effects of bidirectional loading on the effective stiffness and damping ratio of bearings, the shear stress distribution and strain energy of the rubber layers, as well as the Mises stress distribution of the steel shims. The numerical results showed that bidirectional loading altered the shape of the hysteretic curves, particularly under the figure‐eight orbit loading. Bidirectional loading reduced effective stiffness, and increased shear stress at varying shear strains and Mises stress along the steel shims. Finally, the behavior of 10-story building with TRBs under coupled ground motions was investigated. It indicated that bidirectional ground motions significantly increased the horizontal acceleration and deformation of TRBs, as well as their vertical deformation. This led to higher shear stress, strain energy in the rubber layers, and Mises stress in the steel shims compared to unidirectional motion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109279"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of static shear stress on cyclic behaviors of medium-dense sand under multi-directional cyclic simple shear loading","authors":"Yingbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Wei ,&nbsp;Yiqiao Qin ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the soils in sloping ground, the effect of static shear stress must be considered to evaluate the cyclic behaviors of soils when subjected to seismic loading. This study aims to reveal the effect of both static shear stress magnitude and direction on the cyclic behaviors of the medium-dense sand based on a series of multi-directional cyclic simple shear tests. It is found that the effect of static shear stress on the liquefaction resistance of the medium-dense sand is detrimental in both parallel and perpendicular loading modes. The detrimental effect is more pronounced in parallel loading mode. Under the perpendicular loading mode, the full liquefaction of the specimens cannot be reached. The deformation pattern of the specimens is cyclic mobility along the cyclic loading direction, and plastic strain accumulation along the static stress direction. A modified pore pressure prediction model with two fitting parameters is further proposed to incorporate the effect of static shear stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear stiffened inertial amplifier tuned mass friction dampers","authors":"Sudip Chowdhury,&nbsp;Sondipon Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nonlinear stiffened inertial amplifier tuned mass friction damper (NSIATMFD) is introduced in this paper to address the limitations of the conventional tuned mass dampers such as narrow frequency ranges and limited adaptability. In addition, three more novel dampers, such as nonlinear compound stiffened inertial amplifier tuned mass friction dampers (NCSIATMFD), nonlinear nested stiffened inertial amplifier tuned mass friction dampers (NNSIATMFD), and nonlinear levered stiffened inertial amplifier tuned mass friction dampers (NLSIATMFD), are introduced by integrating stiffness and mass amplification mechanisms to increase their vibration reduction capacities. These novel dampers are applied at the top of structures to control their dynamic responses. Newton’s second law is followed to derive the governing equations of motion of the controlled structures. <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> optimisation strategies are utilised to derive the exact closed-form expressions for the optimal design parameters of these dampers. The transfer function is developed to derive the frequency domain responses by considering harmonic and random excitations. The frequency domain responses are further validated through numerical studies conducted using the Newmark-beta method and near-field earthquake records. Compared to the conventional tuned mass dampers (TMD), the proposed dampers achieve vibration reduction improvements of 24.24 %, 24.64 %, 23.92 %, and 24.54 %, respectively. The integration of stiffness elements significantly extends the frequency control range, while the frictional damping element enhances energy dissipation capabilities. These results establish the novel designs as effective solutions for dynamic environments, offering robust and adaptive vibration mitigation for structures exposed to diverse excitations, including seismic loads. This research provides a significant advancement in TMD technology for modern engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of forward-directivity pulse-like ground motion orientation angles on structural collapse capacity","authors":"Kong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhanxuan Zuo ,&nbsp;Maosheng Gong ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Wang ,&nbsp;Yinan Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Near-fault ground motions typically exhibit significant directivity effects, which significantly influence the structural response and collapse capacity. This study examines forward-directivity pulse-like ground motions, assessing how various orientation angles influence the collapse capacity of structures. To ensure the consistency of ground motion time histories from varying orientation angles during an earthquake, the Directionally Consistent <em>Sa</em>_<em>c</em> value (<em>DC-Sa</em>_c) is proposed, based on the <em>Sa</em> (<em>T</em>₁,5 %) value indicative of structural collapse (<em>Sa</em>_c). Building on this metric, the study further explores the collapse capacity of 3-story, 9-story, and 20-story steel frame structures, as well as 3-story RC structures, under ground motion excitations at varying orientation angles. The study reveals that as the angle between the ground motion and the fault strike increases, the destructiveness of the ground motion intensifies, whereas the collapse capacity of the structures decreases linearly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 109280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}