Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Regional Lg-wave attenuation tomography of Bhutan Himalaya: Implications for crustal deformation","authors":"Sukanta Sarkar , Chandrani Singh , Abhisek Dutta , Shirish Bose , M. Ravi Kumar , Arun Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study determines the attenuation structure of the crust beneath Bhutan Himalaya using high-resolution 2-D <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span> tomography. We utilized waveforms of 138 seismic events within an epicentral range of 250 - 2000 km, recorded at 37 broadband seismic stations installed in the Bhutan Himalaya. We categorized the <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span> wave propagation as efficient, inefficient, or blocked based on visual examination of individual seismograms. We observed an effective propagation of the <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span> wave across northern Myanmar, the Himalayas and southwestern region of China. We also noticed an obstruction or blocked propagation of <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span> waves travelling through the sea in the southern part of the study region. Tibet has been found to exhibit ineffective propagation of <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span> waves, as also seen in earlier studies. Subsequently, a 2-D <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span> tomographic model, along with the frequency dependent parameter <span><math><mi>η</mi></math></span> has been produced using 582 high-quality station pairs. The results suggest a highly attenuating medium beneath Bhutan Himalaya. A difference in crustal attenuation is observed from east to west, in accordance with the tectonic characteristics of the region. Eastern Bhutan is found to exhibit low <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> values whereas the western part mostly near the Paro window has higher <span><math><mi>Q</mi></math></span> structure. The central part, along <span><math><mrow><mn>90</mn><mo>.</mo><msup><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> E longitude exhibits lower values. These observations are quite consistent with the reported 3-D shear wave velocity structure in Bhutan Himalaya. Additionally, the variation in <span><math><mi>Q</mi></math></span> along two N-S profiles in the region shows significant correlation with Moho thickness. Our study does not capture any such strong lateral variations in <span><math><mi>η</mi></math></span> across the region. A relatively high <span><math><mi>η</mi></math></span> has been observed in the central part, while moderate to low values dominate the region. We interpret that both scattering and intrinsic attenuation contribute to high <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span> wave attenuation beneath Bhutan Himalaya. The concurrence of our observations with the existing tectonic setting of the region lends credence to the degree of influence of crustal structures in wave propagation mechanisms. Knowledge of attenuation characteristics of the crust in Bhutan Himalaya will aid in future research to understand the dynamics of the actively deforming","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109495"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic response of saturated ground subjected to moving loads with variable speeds","authors":"Hao Lei ,&nbsp;Chao Huang ,&nbsp;Jian-Gu Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a semi-analytical method to investigate dynamic responses of saturated ground subjected to vertical-horizontal moving loads with variable speeds. To this end, the variable-speed moving load is defined by the Dirac function, and Green's function is used to describe the classical solution to dynamic response of saturated ground under moving loading with a constant speed. Then by convolving Dirac function and Green's function, a solution is successfully developed to represent dynamic response of saturated ground under moving loads with variable speeds. The effects of initial speed and acceleration on dynamic responses of saturated ground are discussed, respectively. The analytical results show that dynamic responses caused by horizontal loads are stronger than those by acceleration in relatively shallow saturated ground, while those by acceleration are more profound in deep ground. It is also indicated that the effects of horizontal loads and acceleration on dynamic responses are significantly dependent upon the initial moving speed, and increasing dynamic responses can be generated in the saturated ground with reducing stiffness and permeability when subjected to moving loads with variable speeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109532"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Load transfer mechanism variations of post-grouting piles in collapsible loess upon water infiltration","authors":"Yunlong Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Mudassir Mehmood ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Fuyin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-grouting pile technology has gained extensive application in collapsible loess regions through the injection of slurry to compress and consolidate the soil at the pile base, thereby forming an enlarged base that enhances the foundation's bearing capacity and reduces settlement. Despite the prevalent unsaturated state of loess in most scenarios, the conventional design methodologies for piles in collapsible loess predominantly rely on saturated soil mechanics principles. The infiltration of water can significantly deteriorate the mechanical properties of loess due to the reduction in matric suction and the occurrence of collapsible deformation, leading to a substantial degradation in the bearing behavior of piles. To explore the variations in load transfer mechanisms of post-grouting piles in collapsible loess under conditions of intense precipitation, a comprehensive large-scale model test was conducted. The findings revealed that the post-grouting technique effectively mitigates the adverse effects of negative pile shaft friction in saturated zones on the pile's bearing behavior. Furthermore, the failure criteria for piles may shift from the shear failure of the base soil to excessive pile settlement. By incorporating principles of unsaturated soil mechanics, modified load transfer curves were developed to describe the mobilization of both pile shaft friction and base resistance. These curves facilitate the extension of the traditional load transfer method to post-grouting piles in collapsible soils under extreme weather conditions. The proposed revised load transfer method is characterized by its simplicity, requiring only a few soil indices and mechanical properties, making it highly applicable in engineering practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground motion model using simulated scenario earthquake records in Azores Plateau (Portugal) at bedrock","authors":"Kun Ji ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Karimzadeh ,&nbsp;Saman Yaghmaei-Sabegh ,&nbsp;Ruibin Hou ,&nbsp;Alexandra Carvalho ,&nbsp;Paulo B. Lourenço","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Azores archipelago in Portugal, located within a seismically active region, experienced several moderate to strong earthquakes throughout its history, including significant events in 1980 (moment magnitude, <em>M</em>_w 6.9) and 1998 (<em>M</em>_w 6.2). Despite its moderate to high seismicity, the region lacks a comprehensive database of recorded ground motions due to limited instrumental seismic data. To address this gap, ground motion simulation techniques provide alternative region-specific time series for areas with sparse seismic networks or a lack of catastrophic earthquake events. This study develops a region-specific ground motion model (GMM) for the Azores Plateau in Portugal, utilizing a homogeneous dataset of region-specific simulated records that have been generated in the bedrock through a stochastic finite-fault approach. The GMM is constructed using a mixed-effects algorithm to predict peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and spectral acceleration ordinates at periods between 0.02 and 2.0 s. The model utilizes input parameters for prediction, including <em>M</em>_w, Joyner-Boore distance (<em>R</em>_JB), and focal depth (<em>F</em>_D). The model is formulated for shallow seismic events ranging from magnitude <em>M</em>_w 5.0 to 6.8, F_D 5–17 km, and <em>R</em>_JB up to 150 km on bedrock sites. Uncertainty quantification is performed through residual analysis, offering insights into inter-event and intra-event variabilities. The results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively predicts ground motion parameters across the considered range of magnitudes, distances, and periods, providing a valuable tool for assessing the earthquake hazard in the Azores region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The FHFE model for the saturated composite foundation with periodic piles under elastic waves","authors":"Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Jian-Fei Lu ,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation of the response of the saturated composite foundation with periodic piles (SCFP) to elastic waves is fundamental for the treatment of the liquefiable soil via the SCFP. The SCFP under consideration composed of the layered soil and reinforcing piles as well as overlying blanket layer, and the SCFP is supported on the half-space bedrock. The piles are placed in the soil periodically in two horizontally directions. The layered soil, reinforcing piles and blanket layer as well as the bedrock are all assumed to be saturated and described by the Biot's theory. To investigate the response of the SCFP to elastic waves, the Fourier harmonic finite element (FHFE) method for the SCFP under elastic waves is proposed. To develop the FHFE method, the response of the SCFP along the two horizontal directions is represented by Fourier harmonics first, and the FEM discretization is then performed for the variables of each Fourier harmonic along the vertical direction. The FHFE equations for the Fourier harmonics are derived via the conventional finite element method. By developing the impedance matrix of the bedrock for each Fourier harmonic, the coupled FHFE equations for the SCFP and bedrock are established and the wave loading from the bedrock is imposed. The response of the SCFP to elastic waves is obtained by solving the coupled FHFE equations for the SCFP and bedrock. By comparing the present results with those due to existing solutions, the developed FHFE model for the SCFP is validated. Based on the developed model for the SCFP, numerical simulations for the SCFP are conducted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-speed railway train–track–bridge coupling vibration under wave–earthquake combined action: Theoretical and numerical simulation study","authors":"Hujun Lei,&nbsp;Hancong Feng,&nbsp;Yuping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-speed railway cross-sea bridge is exposed to wave force over a prolonged duration. When the earthquake occurs, it will also receive the action of earthquake and earthquake-induced additional hydrodynamic force. It is necessary to study the influence of wave–earthquake combined action on vehicle–bridge system. A high-speed railway sea-crossing cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 400 m is considered as a case study. Based on the Stokes fifth-order wave theory, the wave force is simulated by a numerical wave tank model under wave–current interaction established by CFD software Flow-3D. The additional hydrodynamic force is simulated by the additional mass method. The train–track–bridge coupling vibration model under wave–earthquake combined action is established by self-developed software TTBSAS (Train–Track–Bridge–Seismic–Analytical–System). According to the wave parameters and ground motion parameters of the bridge site, the dynamic response of the bridge and the running safety indices of the train under wave–earthquake combined action are studied. Using the new derailment evaluation indices, the running safety speed threshold of the train under wave–earthquake combined action is obtained. The results show that for the high-speed railway sea-crossing cable-stayed bridge, considering the earthquake-induced additional hydrodynamic force will significantly increase the lateral displacement response of the mid-span of main girder and running safety indices; when considering the wave–earthquake combined action, the running safety indices of the train increases with the increase of wave return periods. For the case study of this paper, under the condition of wave and no wave, the running safety speed threshold of the train is 250 km/h based on the new running safety indices, which is significantly lower than that obtained by the traditional indices. The research results of this paper can provide support for the design of similar high-speed railway cross-sea cable-stayed bridges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of a gravity-well-based triple friction pendulum system","authors":"Sasa Cao,&nbsp;Jie Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, variable stiffness double friction pendulum systems have been extensively studied. Nonetheless, achieving high initial stiffness, softening stiffness during Design Basis Earthquakes (DBE), and subsequent high stiffness during Maximum Considered Earthquakes (MCE) within the limited space of curved surfaces remains a significant challenge. To address this issue, a novel gravity-well-based triple friction pendulum system (GW-TFPS) with adaptable stiffness is proposed. The upper and lower sliding surfaces feature interior spherical geometries with a small radius to enhance self-centering capability, while the exterior surfaces are shaped according to a logarithmic function to ensure reduced stiffness. Additionally, the internal sliding surfaces are spherical with an even smaller radius, ensuring higher stiffness. The friction coefficient of the internal sliding surfaces is larger than that of the top and bottom surfaces to ensure they engage last. The design theory, working mechanism, and restoring force model of GW-TFPS were presented at first. A specimen was fabricated and tested under various vertical pressures to evaluate its characteristics, which were compared with a gravity-well-based double friction pendulum system (GW-DFPS) of identical dimensions. The GW-TFPS not only maintains the superior self-centering and energy dissipation capabilities of the GW-DFPS at small displacements but also exhibits high stiffness at larger displacements, significantly enhancing the system's displacement-limiting capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109486"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroscopic and mesoscopic dynamic performance of prefabricated polyurethane cured ballasted track-vehicle coupling system under cross-fault seismic loading","authors":"Chaozhi Ma ,&nbsp;Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Tong Yu ,&nbsp;Jing Tong ,&nbsp;Mahantesh M. Nadakatti","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prefabricated polyurethane-cured ballasted track (PPBT) is a new type of track structure, yet its own mechanical properties and coupling dynamic performance with vehicles under cross-fault seismic loading are unclear. This study first conducts field tests to determine PPBT's vertical stiffness and lateral resistance for model parameterization. Subsequently, it employs the large mass method to establish macro- and meso-scale dynamic models of the PPBT-vehicle coupling system under cross-fault seismic loading. The macro-scale model incorporates a vehicle-track coupling dynamic framework accounting for PPBT's nonlinear properties, while the meso-scale model employs a refined discrete element approach to simulate adhesive bonding, friction, and elastic contact interactions among ballast particles. The study investigates and compares the safety and stability of vehicles running on PPBT, traditional granular ballasted track (TGBT) and ballastless track under cross-fault seismic loading. Furthermore, it analyzes PPBT's inter-particle contact force distribution and energy dissipation characteristics under combined seismic and vehicular loading. Results show the nonlinear properties of PPBT effectively attenuate vehicle-track coupling dynamic responses under cross-fault seismic loading. In terms of running safety, PPBT performs optimally, followed by TGBT, while ballastless track exhibits the poorest performance. PPBT has a more uniform inter-particle contact force distribution and significantly reduced kinetic energy compared with TGBT. The superior seismic performance of PPBT is attributed to its higher elasticity and moderate lateral resistance compared with TGBT and ballastless track. The research findings provide a theoretical foundation for addressing seismic adaptability challenges of track structures in active fault zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical method for estimating dynamic earth pressure on basement walls considering building inertia and soil–structure interaction","authors":"Quang Thien Buu Nguyen ,&nbsp;Byong-Youn Hwang ,&nbsp;Tae-Hun Hwang ,&nbsp;Sung-Ryul Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of dynamic earth pressure is essential for the seismic design of basement walls. However, previous studies have often overlooked the influence of soil–structure interaction, a critical factor in dynamic earth pressure estimation. This study introduces a novel analytical method that extends prior research by incorporating building inertial effect to enhance estimation accuracy. A theoretical background is introduced to elucidate the primary mechanisms causing dynamic earth pressure, including the kinematic and inertial effects of buildings. Numerical simulations of models with and without building mass are performed to evaluate the contributions of kinematic and inertial components to dynamic thrust, highlighting the importance of building inertia. The proposed method employs prior research to define the kinematic component and incorporates the inertial forces to calculate the inertial component of dynamic thrust. A combination rule is proposed to integrate these two components, achieving good agreement with dynamic thrust values obtained from numerical simulations. Comparative analysis demonstrates the proposed method’s superior accuracy over existing approaches. Finally, a simplified method with readily obtainable input parameters is presented for practical design applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic response and failure mechanisms of soil–subway station structure systems considering liquefied soil layer distribution","authors":"Xuelai Wang ,&nbsp;Chengshun Xu ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du ,&nbsp;Hesham M. El Naggar ,&nbsp;Guanyu Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underground structures may be buried in liquefiable sites, which can cause complex seismic response mechanisms depending on the extent and location of the liquefiable soil layer. This study investigates the seismic response of multi-story underground structures in sites with varying distributions of liquified soil employing an advanced three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model. The results indicate that the extent and location of liquefied soil layers affect the seismic response characteristics of underground structures and the distribution of their damage. When the lower story of the subway station is buried in liquefied interlayer site, the structure experiences the most serious damage. When the structure is located within a liquefiable interlayer site, the earthquake ground motion will induce greater inter-story deformation in the structure, resulting in larger structural residual displacement. When all or part of the underground structure is buried in the liquefiable soil layer, the structural failure mode should be assessed to ensure that the underground rail transit can quickly restore functionality after an earthquake. Meanwhile, permeability effects of liquefiable soil have a significant impact on the dynamic response of subway station in the liquefiable site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 109522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}