Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Elastoplastic constitutive model for saturated clay considering the cumulative deformation based on the laboratory test","authors":"Lu Chen ,&nbsp;Chengshun Xu ,&nbsp;Guosheng Wang ,&nbsp;Yilong Sun ,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offshore wind turbines (OWTs) are subjected to long-term cyclic loading, such as wind and wave loading, leading to axial-torsional bidirectional cyclic loading in the pile surrounding soil. This bidirectional cyclic loading results in the cumulative deformation of the pile foundation. The larger cumulative deformation endangers the operational safety of the wind turbine system. In China, offshore wind farms mainly consist of clay layers and their cyclic mechanical characteristics need to be examined. Therefore, a series of bidirectional cyclic loading tests are carried out by using a hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus to investigate the effect of different cyclic stress levels on the cumulative strain. The results revealed that cumulative strains stabilize as the cycles increase when the cyclic stress level is less than the critical cyclic stress level. An empirical model based on the test results is developed to reflect the cumulative deformation characteristic. In the bounding surface constitutive model, the plastic modulus interpolation function is improved by using the established empirical model,the effect of loading and unloading routes on the variation of plastic modulus is investigated. Furthermore, a modified constitutive model is used to predict the cumulative deformation of soil under the effect of bidirectional cyclic loading. The predicted results agree well with the findings achieved from the tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameterized fragility-based uncertainty influence quantification and sensitivity analysis methodology: Concept, formulation, and application","authors":"Kaisen Fu ,&nbsp;Aijun Ye ,&nbsp;Lianxu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uncertainty modeling is a crucial issue in the seismic risk and resilience assessment of structures and infrastructures. Understanding and quantifying the impact of structural model parameter uncertainty (i.e., the epistemic uncertainty) on seismic fragility of structures are still open issues in the field of earthquake engineering. To this end, this study proposes a parameterized fragility-based methodology to quantify and rank the influence of multiple model parameter uncertainties on the seismic fragility result when their uncertainty is simultaneously involved. The concept and detailed procedure of this methodology is first introduced in this study. After that, the proposed methodology is applied to a case study bridge, i.e., unbonded laminated rubber bearing (ULRB) supported highway bridge retrofitted with transverse steel damper (TSD), to investigate how the uncertainty of the concerned model parameters affects the seismic fragility of the selected benchmark bridge when separately using the residual and peak displacements as engineering demand parameters (EDPs). The parameter sensitivity of fragility corresponding to these two EDPs is then quantified by a new proposed index and ranked using Tornado diagrams. In addition, the seismic fragility result when considering different sources of uncertainty is compared and discussed in this study through the parameterized fragility model. The result shows whether considering the uncertainty of model parameters has a more considerable influence on the fragility result when using the residual displacement as EDP as compared with using peak displacement as EDP. The sensitivity ranking of the parameters is affected by the damage level or the nonlinearity of the structural system. Regarding the residual and peak bearing displacements of ULRB-supported highway bridges, the friction coefficient is the most sensitive parameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109070"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing tuned mass damper for reduction of seismic pounding between two adjacent buildings with different dynamic characteristics","authors":"Reza Kamgar ,&nbsp;Masoud Dadkhah ,&nbsp;Heisam Heidarzadeh ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Seidali Javanmardi","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Today, population growth and the need for constructing adjacent buildings have raised the likelihood of pounding between adjacent buildings with different dynamic characteristics. The pounding force applied to adjacent buildings during an earthquake is intensive and may cause total or partial damage to structural elements, leading to collapse. It disturbs and complicates the functioning of buildings during and after an earthquake. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to minimize and, if possible, eliminate the pounding force between two adjacent structures by considering three objective functions. For this aim, the tuned mass damper is utilized here. Also, this paper aims to reduce the number of collisions between different stories of adjacent buildings through a tuned mass damper system. For this purpose, two adjacent steel moment frames with six and ten stories are nonlinearly modeled and validated using the concentrated plasticity model in OpenSees. Moreover, the pounding element is nonlinearly modeled and validated. Then, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are used on the roofs of the structures. They are optimized in stiffness, mass, and damping coefficient using the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. Nonlinear time history analysis (NLTHA) is performed under nine far- and near-field earthquakes. The pounding force and structural responses are analyzed, including maximum story acceleration, maximum inter-story drift, and base shear in the TMD-controlled and uncontrolled adjacent buildings. Finally, the Park-Ang damage index is evaluated for the structures with and without the TMD system. It has been found that the maximum pounding force, the maximum acceleration of the stories, the base shear, the drift ratio, and the number of collisions significantly reduce (or omit) in the presence of TMDs when the objective function is considered to be the minimization of the maximum pounding force. It is shown that the maximum pounding force generally declines to zero for this objective function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic demand-oriented design of hybrid base-isolated building with the tuned inerter eddy current damper","authors":"Dawei Li ,&nbsp;He Bai ,&nbsp;Yu Lou ,&nbsp;Jianping Han","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel tuned inerter eddy current damper (TIECD) is proposed to mitigate isolator deformation in a base isolation (BI) system subjected to earthquake ground motions. Considering the topological similarity and damping equivalent criteria, the design formulations of the tuned inerter damper are extended to determine the optimal parameters of the TIECD. A combination of iterative updating, response-spectrum analysis, and complex complete quadratic-combination measures is established to realize the seismic demand-oriented design framework of the TIECD. Furthermore, the proposed design framework incorporates the equivalent stiffness and damping of a lead rubber bearing to approximate the design parameters of the TIECD in a nonlinear BI system. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed TIECD are validated using a nine–story base isolated benchmark model with lead rubber bearings. Numerical simulation results indicate that the designed TIECD can significantly suppress the displacement, acceleration, and base shear demands of the hybrid BI system. Compared with the viscous damping in the tuned inerter damper, the designed TIECD exhibits a significantly enhanced level of damping owing to the combination of a lower damping force and a larger deformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109068"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-centering rocking steel frame with column mid-height uplift: Experimental and numerical investigation","authors":"Yan Guo ,&nbsp;Ming Lian ,&nbsp;Yuhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Mingzhou Su","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a self-centering rocking steel frame with column mid-height uplift (SCRSF-CMU) that exhibits high post-yield stiffness and energy dissipation capacity. The hysteretic performance of the SCRSF-CMU was investigated through cyclic loading tests. A numerical model of the SCRSF-CMU was established and validated against experimental results. Subsequently, the seismic performance of the SCRSF-CMU was compared with that of the self-centering rocking steel frame with column base uplift (SCRSF-CBU) using nonlinear time history analysis. Finally, the seismic responses of the SCRSF-CMU and SCRSF-CBU under varying earthquake intensities were analyzed using the endurance time analysis. The results indicate that the designed SCRSF-CMU demonstrates excellent lateral force resistance, energy dissipation, and self-centering capabilities. The rocking effect and the restoring force of the post-tensioned steel strands effectively controlled the residual lateral displacement of the specimens. The multi-scale numerical model of the SCRSF-CMU accurately captured its hysteretic behavior and deformation patterns. Compared to the SCRSF-CBU, the SCRSF-CMU exhibited superior rocking deformation capacity, post-yield stiffness, and hysteretic energy dissipation. Under MCE excitation, both SCRSF-CMU and SCRSF-CBU showed uniform inter-story drift distribution with minimal residual deformation, creating a satisfactory condition for the post-earthquake repair work if necessary. The high post-yield stiffness of the SCRSF-CMU was more effective in reducing both maximum and residual displacements. Endurance time analysis revealed that SCRSF-CMU and SCRSF-CBU exhibited relatively uniform inter-story drift distribution under SLE, DBE, and MCE earthquakes. Under FE excitation, the inter-story drift ratio of both structures were nearly identical; however, under DBE and MCE excitations, the maximum roof drift ratio and inter-story drift ratio of the SCRSF-CBU were larger, indicating that the SCRSF-CBU had higher deformation demands than the SCRSF-CMU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109065"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysteretic behavior of a cross-laminated timber building incorporating different energy dissipators","authors":"Tongchen Han ,&nbsp;Lisa Tobber ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Rodgers ,&nbsp;Solomon Tesfamariam","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale experiments on timber structures, incorporating damping devices, showed high-intensity earthquakes can be resisted. This paper compares cyclic response of a two-story cross-laminated timber (CLT) building with three different dampers: resilient slip friction joint (RSFJ), lead extrusion damper (LED), and linear friction damper (LFD). A CLT building with conventional hold-downs and angle brackets experimental work was used as a benchmark to validate the high-fidelity finite element model. Subsequently, the numerical model was extended to account for the three dampers. Re-centering efficiency, i.e., expected flag-shaped hysteretic response, of the RSFJ was ensured by increasing the shear strength of hold-downs. Buildings with LFD and LED have greater energy dissipation capacity when compared to buildings with conventional hold-downs. Improved energy dissipations were also observed in two buildings when increasing the shear strength of angle bracket or applying the rigid connections in the 2nd story. Finally, the performances of buildings with different dampers were evaluated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance improvement of base-isolated liquid storage tank based on positive and negative stiffness under different definitions of ground motion duration","authors":"Wei Jing ,&nbsp;Fangdie Hu ,&nbsp;Yixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shushuang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As one of the three important characteristics of ground motion, the impact of ground motion duration on the dynamic responses of structures necessitates further in-depth research. Seven different definitions of ground motion duration are selected. The three-dimensional numerical calculation models of non-damping liquid storage tank (LST), rubber-isolated LST, isolated LST based on positive and negative stiffness in parallel, and isolated LST based on positive and negative stiffness in series-parallel are established by ADINA, and the dynamic responses of the different LSTs under earthquakes with different definitions of ground motion duration are comparatively studied. The results show that the influence of different definitions of ground motion duration on the dynamic responses of LST can not be neglected. The dynamic responses are larger under the long-duration ground motion compared to the short-duration ground motions, besides, and the three types of isolation exhibit better performance under long-duration ground motions than under short-duration ground motions. The damping effect of the positive and negative stiffness in series-parallel is the best. The rubber isolation has an amplifying effect on the liquid sloshing wave height, while the isolated system with negative stiffness can make up for this deficiency. Reasonable arrangement of negative stiffness device in isolation layer of LST is helpful to realize dual control of structure responses and liquid sloshing wave height.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel horizontal universal viscous damping amplification device and seismic response analysis","authors":"Chao Bao ,&nbsp;Mengfan Han ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Bai ,&nbsp;Qi Fan ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Ma ,&nbsp;Jianning Lv ,&nbsp;Kar Sing Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of damping amplification technology to dampers can effectively enhance the energy dissipation efficiency and address the issue of underutilization during small displacements. In this study, a novel horizontal universal damping amplification device (HUDAD) is proposed, and its construction and operational mechanism are detailed. A restoring-force model for the horizontal universal viscous damping amplification device (HUDAD-VD) is derived, which integrates viscous dampers, establishing its equations of motion and energy balance. Furthermore, pseudo-static tests are conducted to validate the damping amplification and energy dissipation capabilities of the HUDAD-VD. Finally, a seismic response analysis of a multi-degree-of-freedom damping system incorporating the HUDAD-VD is performed to evaluate its seismic performance. The results show the close alignment between the experimental and theoretical hysteretic curves of the HUDAD-VD, confirming the accuracy of the theoretical model. The HUDAD-VD demonstrates effective damping performance under all levels of seismic action, successfully controlling the displacement within the seismic isolation layer. In particular, the HUDAD exhibits a satisfactory amplification effect, effectively enhancing the damper energy dissipation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new algorithm for ground motion selection based on target smooth spectrum using spectral shape parameters","authors":"Cuihua Li ,&nbsp;Huimin Hong ,&nbsp;Jiayi Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground motion selection is a pivotal step in the performance-based seismic design and assessments, because it bridges the gap between seismic hazard and structural response. Presently one prevalent practice involves constructing target spectra for the selection of ground motion records. This paper introduces a novel method to construct the target spectrum, transformed the acceleration response spectrum into a normalized spectrum <em>β</em> multiplied by <em>PGA</em> where <em>β</em> = <em>Sa</em>/<em>PGA</em>. The normalized spectrum is smoothed to obtain the spectral shape parameters used to construct the target smooth spectrum for ground motion selection. Two sets of ground motions, selected using the proposed method and CS, are subsequently employed in the analysis of a six-story, five-span building model to assess the structural fragility and the associated seismic risk to examine the efficiency of the proposed method. Results indicated that the probability of exceeding the Life Safety (LS) performance level is lower for CS compared to the proposed approach. Seismic risk curve derived from the proposed methodology, however, is close to those obtained through CS. In conclusion, the proposed methodology effectively mitigates the limitations inherent in the conventional ground motion selection approaches and allow the performance of structures to be determined at a more realistic scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulating multi-component near-fault ground motion record containing pulse-like component","authors":"X.H. Jiang ,&nbsp;H.P. Hong ,&nbsp;J.D. Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parametric models have been developed in the literature to simulate the near-fault seismic ground motion record component containing the pulse-like (PL) motion. However, the limited number of recorded records used to develop parametric models results in significant statistical uncertainty. An alternative method to simulate synthetic records with the PL component is the seed-record based approach. In this study, we propose the use of the iterative power and amplitude correction algorithm, along with three different transforms, to simulate the tri-component record containing the PL component. The approach requires a seed tri-component near-fault seismic ground motion record with the PL component. We compare the seed and simulated tri-component record in terms of the power distribution, coherence, velocity and displacement time histories, and response spectrum. The comparison is aimed at determining if the sampled record obtained using this approach can produce velocity and displacement time histories that are consistent with and have the same “natural variation and look\" as the seed record. For the assessment, we treat a recorded record as a seed record. We also utilize a rotated version of the recorded record as the seed record, where one rotated record component in the horizontal plane is associated with the identified PL component. The numerical analysis results demonstrate a close match between the sampled records and the seed record in terms of velocity and displacement time histories, as well as the response spectrum and coherence characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}