Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of MTMD for jacket offshore platform under wave and earthquake excitations","authors":"Shutong Liu ,&nbsp;Xunhe Yin ,&nbsp;Haochen Li ,&nbsp;Jingchao Yang ,&nbsp;Peizhen Li ,&nbsp;Peng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jacket offshore platforms are among the most prevalent structural types in ocean engineering. Multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) show great potential for mitigating the dynamic responses of these platforms. However, research on the vibration control capabilities of MTMD for jacket offshore platforms, especially considering soil-structure interaction (SSI), remains limited. This study comprehensively investigates the effectiveness of MTMD by modeling the dynamic response of a standard four-legged jacket offshore platform, incorporating SSI effects under both wave and seismic excitations. Firstly, a reliable numerical model of the soil-jacket offshore platform-MTMD system is established, and the total horizontal wave force is validated based on the Morrison equation. Then, the vibration mitigation effects of MTMD with varying frequencies, mass, and numbers of TMDs are compared for both the equivalent pile and SSI cases. Finally, the impacts of MTMD parameters and external load characteristics on the control performance of MTMD are further analyzed. The results demonstrate that MTMD can significantly reduce the dynamic response of the jacket offshore structure. Nevertheless, SSI effects diminish the mitigation performance of MTMD. For the target structure, the optimal frequency bandwidth of MTMD is centered at 0 for the equivalent pile model, while it shifts slightly to 0.1 for the SSI case, and the control effects of MTMD are satisfactory when the number of TMDs is four. Moreover, under SSI conditions, MTMD exhibits superior robustness in vibration control compared to a single tuned mass damper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109654"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical study of the hybrid hydraulic damper with independent performance in tensile and compressive for improving the seismic performance of braced structures","authors":"Hassan Moghaddam,&nbsp;Mohsen Zare Golmoghany","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, a hydraulic damper is introduced to improve the seismic performance of braced structures and control the buckling of braces. This damper consists of a double-acting hydraulic jack, a one-way valve, and a high-stiffness spring, enabling independent operation in both tension and compression. The Hydraulic Damper with Independent Tension and Compression (HDITC) has high initial stiffness and operates based on a hybrid mechanism dependent on displacement and velocity. Damper combination with brace and its independent action, in compression the damper can dissipate energy up to the buckling force of the brace and, in tension, up to the yield force of the brace. To evaluate the cyclic performance of the damper, a laboratory test was developed, and the numerical modeling of the damper was investigated. The HDITC damper has a stable performance similar to the combination of friction damper and viscous damper behavior and effectively producing a full hysteretic behavior under various asymmetric tensile and compressive forces. To investigate how the new damper improves brace behavior, the cyclic behavior of the brace with and without the damper was examined. The results indicated that the use of the damper can increase energy dissipation by up to 7.2 times, depending on the slenderness ratio of the brace. Finally, the seismic behavior of a special braced and buckling restrained frame under earthquake and aftershock excitation was studied, demonstrating that the use of the damper can effectively reduce seismic damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A semi-analytical solution for vertical dynamic response of noncircular piles in layered viscoelastic soils","authors":"Hang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yisheng Wang ,&nbsp;Hanlong Liu ,&nbsp;Jianxin Wang ,&nbsp;Chunyong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The vertical dynamic response of noncircular piles in viscoelastic soil is investigated by developing an interaction model between the noncircular piles and the viscoelastic soil in this paper. The differential equations of the soil and pile displacement functions are derived through variational calculus and Hamilton's principle, assuming the noncircular pile displacement function and the soil displacement field The pile-soil interaction problem under vertical dynamic loading is formulated as a coupled solution involving both an ordinary differential equation (ODE) and a partial differential equation (PDE). A novel computation method for the coupled ODE and PDE are presented, resulting in the numerical solution for the dynamic response of noncircular piles. The reliability of this method is validated through comparisons with analytical solutions from existing studies. Furthermore, parametric analyses are conducted separately in the high-frequency and low-frequency ranges to investigate the effects of pile cross-section shape, pile-soil relative modulus, slenderness ratio, soil modulus distribution, and layered soil thickness on the vertical dynamic response of noncircular piles. It is indicated that the impact of the aforementioned parameters on the vertical dynamic response of noncircular piles is frequency-dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 109656"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of utility tunnel and internal pipeline system based on fuzzy probability analysis","authors":"Jinqiang Li ,&nbsp;Hong Hao ,&nbsp;Zilan Zhong ,&nbsp;Yuebo Shi ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a fuzzy seismic fragility analysis method to address the limitations of using single Engineering Demand Parameters (<em>EDP</em>s) and the limited consideration of uncertainties in damage state thresholds in seismic assessments of underground structures. An analysis was conducted on a utility tunnel and internal pipeline system embedded in site of type II soil, as defined by Chinese code, using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA). The maximum joint opening of utility tunnel and maximum strain of internal pipeline were selected as the <em>EDP</em>s. Fuzzy fragility curves were developed for both single (tunnel or pipeline) and multiple <em>EDP</em>s (tunnel and pipeline). The proposed method incorporates triangular and quasi-normal membership functions to account for fuzzy damage thresholds, combined with entropy weighting and traditional probability calculation methods. Results demonstrate that incorporating fuzzy damage thresholds significantly influences the shape of fragility curves, increasing failure probabilities for minor damage while reducing those for moderate damage. As for extensive damage, it varies among different components. Despite these variations, the choice of membership function form has a negligible impact on fragility results, with differences remaining within 10 %. Furthermore, the integration of multiple <em>EDP</em>s enhances the robustness and comprehensiveness of fragility analysis, particularly when the reliability of a single <em>EDP</em> is uncertain. These findings highlight the importance of considering fuzzy damage thresholds and multiple <em>EDP</em>s to improve the accuracy and reliability of seismic fragility evaluations for underground utility tunnels and pipeline systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel framework for optimal selection of vector-valued intensity measures under mainshock-aftershock sequences considering uncertainties and multi-criteria correlation","authors":"Xu Bao ,&nbsp;Kaiwen Xu ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Lu Jin ,&nbsp;Dake Tian ,&nbsp;Bingfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An optimal intensity measure (IM) can effectively describe the damage potential of ground motions and accurately reflect the relationship between structural responses and seismic parameters, which plays a vital role in earthquake engineering. Although numerous studies have examined ideal IMs for mainshocks, there is limited research on the potential effect of aftershocks on the IM selection. This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework that addresses the optimal selection of vector-valued <strong>IM</strong>s for seismic sequences by considering uncertainties and multi-criteria correlation. In this framework, to capture the nonlinear relationship between vector-valued <strong>IM</strong>s and multivariate engineering demand parameters (EDPs), several novel evaluation criteria are introduced to measure the comprehensive performance of mainshock-aftershock IM vectors. The performance criteria of each vector-valued <strong>IM</strong> candidate are then treated as a rough concept to handle uncertainties within the selection process. Finally, an advanced selection method is proposed to identify the appropriate alternative in a rough context, which can consider interdependencies among multiple criteria and avoid subjective judgment. The proposed framework is illustrated on reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures, and the effects of the number of aftershocks and the size of IM vectors are investigated to provide further guidance for the <strong>IM</strong> selection. The results provide valuable insights into the optimal selection of vector-valued <strong>IM</strong>s in the mainshock-aftershock scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The response characteristics of fault-crossing tunnel subjected to different sequential combination actions of strike-slip fault dislocation and seismic wave propagation","authors":"Xiancheng Mei ,&nbsp;Changdong Ding ,&nbsp;Jianhe Li ,&nbsp;Bo Lou ,&nbsp;Zhen Cui ,&nbsp;Mingnan Xu ,&nbsp;Qian Sheng ,&nbsp;Yajie Song ,&nbsp;Jian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combined effects of fault dislocation and earthquake activity on fault-crossing tunnels present significant risks to both construction and operational safety. However, the interaction between fault dislocation and earthquake motion remains inadequately understood, necessitating an investigation into the lining response characteristics of fault-crossing tunnels exposed to combinations of these two factors. This study utilized a representative long fault-crossing tunnel in western China to develop and validate a three-dimensional numerical analysis model, which was verified against physical similarity model experiments on fault dislocation response. Comparative analyses were performed to explore the tunnel lining's response to fault dislocation, Dislocation-Earthquake sequential combinations (D-E), earthquake activity, and Earthquake-Dislocation sequential combinations (E-D). Additionally, a detailed parametric sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the tunnel lining's internal force responses under both sequential combination actions. Results indicated that the tunnel lining's response to fault dislocation, based on a model that incorporated geological structural zoning within the fault zone (including fault fracture zone, fault core, and fault influence zone), aligned closely with deformation patterns observed in post-earthquake field investigations. Fault dislocation is the dominant factor causing the lining structures damage both in the sequential combinations of E-D and D-E, although the earthquake action can contribute a corresponding amplification of the stress responses in the sequential combinations of D-E. Furthermore, internal force responses of the tunnel lining exhibit heightened sensitivity to variations in fault dip angle under both sequential combinations. The effect of fault dip angle, fault core width, and fault core location on the lining's internal forces differ, reflecting the predominant influence of the specific actions in each combination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109653"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive modeling and experimental assessment of static liquefaction potential in unsaturated sandy soils","authors":"Wenhao Huang ,&nbsp;Youssef Shamas ,&nbsp;Khai Hoan Tran ,&nbsp;Saber Imanzadeh ,&nbsp;Said Taibi ,&nbsp;Jean-Marie Fleureau ,&nbsp;Eduardo Souza De Cursi","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the static liquefaction behavior of unsaturated sandy soils through experimental analysis and predictive modeling, focusing on the combined effects of saturation degree before shearing (<em>Sr</em>), initial mean effective stress (<em>p</em>'₀), and state parameter (<span><math><mrow><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math></span>). A novel saturation control methodology was developed for triaxial testing, enabling adjustment of <em>Sr</em> (85–100 %). Experimental results show that the highest liquefaction risk occurs when mean effective stress causes <span><math><mrow><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math></span> to reach its maximum value (<span><math><mrow><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math></span>_max) for the first time. Additionally, an analysis of the relationship between peak deviatoric stress (<em>q</em>_peak) and the corresponding axial strain (<em>ε</em>_peak) further highlights the critical role of saturation degree (<em>Sr</em>) in influencing soil strength and deformation limits, emphasizing the importance of strain control as a liquefaction prevention measure. Moreover, a predictive model for the pore pressure ratio (<em>Ru</em>) was developed, incorporating the saturation degree (<em>Sr</em>), state parameter (<span><math><mrow><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math></span>) and initial mean effective stress (<em>p</em>'₀). Based on this model, a 3D iso-surface (<strong><em>Ru</em> = 0.95</strong>) was constructed to define the liquefaction boundary, providing a clear representation of the conditions under which liquefaction is more or less likely to occur.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing seismic isolation using the inertial amplification mechanism based damper","authors":"Haomin Ma ,&nbsp;Zhibao Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhifei Shi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Marzani","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the performance of the traditional base isolation structure, this paper introduces a vibration control system that combines the base isolation structure with the Inertial Amplification Mechanism enhanced Damper (IAM-D). First, the governing equations for a base-isolated multistory building equipped with the IAM-D under earthquake excitations are established. Based on the simplified analytical model, the analytical expressions for the equivalent damping ratio and the damping enhancement equation of the IAM-D are derived. Second, the IAM-D in the considered base isolation structure is optimized, and closed-form solutions for the optimal parameters of the IAM-D are derived based on the damping enhancement equation. Parametric analyzses explore the effects of geometric and physical parameters on the optimal parameters. Finally, the seismic isolation performance of an MDOF base isolation structure equipped with the IAM-D or a viscous damper (VD) with the same damping ratio is analyzed by performing time history analysis and energy dissipation analysis. Compared to the VD, the IAM-D suppresses the base floor displacement, the absolute acceleration of the roof, and the base shear force by about 35%, 26%, and 31%, respectively. With appropriate design, the IAM-D can improve the energy dissipation capability of the conventional VD and enhance the seismic isolation performance of the traditional base isolation system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic performance of reinforced soil slopes with gabions and geobags as slope facings in shaking table test","authors":"Ya Meng ,&nbsp;Chao Xu ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Geye Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodang Wei ,&nbsp;Bin Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reinforced soil technology is a preferred solution for addressing fill slopes in mountainous regions. Despite extensive research on the seismic responses of reinforced soil slopes under specific slope surface conditions, the comparison of the dynamic responses among reinforced soil slopes with varying slope facings remains unclear. In the current study, two sets of reduced-scale shaking table tests were performed on reinforced slope models with gabions and geotextile bags used as front panels, respectively. The acceleration response characteristics, slope surface displacement, crest settlement, earth pressure and geogrid axial force distribution of the two models were systematically compared to assess their performance under earthquakes. The results indicated that the acceleration amplification factors across the slopes for the two types of front panels differed slightly. The strongest acceleration response was observed at the slope surface, followed by the unreinforced soil zone, and the least in the reinforced soil zone. Under seismic loading, the peak displacement of the slope surface increased with slope height and peak ground acceleration, with the gabion group generally showing smaller peak displacements compared to the geobag group. Moreover, post-earthquake recovery of slope surface displacement exceeded 70 % for both groups. Both tested models displayed uneven settlement at the slope crest after the earthquake. The maximum cumulative settlement, which amounted to approximately 0.6 % of the slope height, was observed with the gabion group, which exhibited a greater crest settlement compared to the geobag group. Despite initial disparity due to the self-weight of slope facing material, both slope groups exhibited the same vertical earth pressure evolution with comparable growth rates under earthquake. Similar spatial distributions were also observed in the axial forces of geogrid, in which the geobag group showed higher increments but lower recovery capacity than the gabion group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109645"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternate intensity measure for maximum direction shaking and construction of the associated ground motion models","authors":"Falak Vats,&nbsp;Dhiman Basu","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seismic standards recommend RotD100 as the intensity measure to define the maximum direction shaking while accounting for directionality. Nevertheless, the inherent overestimation with this choice is well known. Alternatively, this paper proposes Rotated RotD100 spectrum, a single-component spectrum rotated to align with the orientation of the RotD100 spectral ordinate at the period of interest. This definition preserves the RotD100 spectral ordinate at any specific period while avoiding overestimation at other periods. Further, it is also consistent with the recent recommendation on alternate perspective critical orientation, aiming to maximise the structural response. Therefore, the proposed intensity measure for maximum direction shaking should be preferred in scenario-based seismic performance assessment. A novel framework is proposed for developing the ground motion model (GMM) with Rotated RotD100 as the intensity measure by modifying RotD100 GMM. The proposed framework is demonstrated with a subset of the NGA-West2 database. The modification factor is first numerically constructed, followed by its idealization for smoothness and practical convenience. This idealized representation also accounts for the contingency on seismological parameters: the rate of decay in modification function increases with magnitude or distance. Further, the proposed Rotated RotD100 GMM is compared with a pair of conventional GMMs (geometric-mean, RotD50 and RotD100), highlighting its unique ability to maximise response at the period of interest while still representing a realistic ground motion. Overall, the proposed framework and the Rotated RotD100 GMM are expected to be a valuable tool in several earthquake engineering applications, such as site-specific seismic hazard analysis and scenario-based performance assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 109648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}