Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Seismic response of sloping sites subject to near-fault pulse-like ground motions","authors":"Junyan Han ,&nbsp;Jiaxue Wang ,&nbsp;Liyun Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Wang ,&nbsp;M. Hesham El Naggar ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sloping sites are highly vulnerable to strong ground motions, which can induce lateral spreading and, in extreme cases, flow failure. This study investigates the seismic behavior of sloping sites subjected to Near-fault pulse-like (NF-P) ground motions. A two-dimensional finite element model of a sloping site was developed, utilizing a multiple yield surface plasticity constitutive model, which was validated with centrifuge test data. The validated model was then employed to analyze the pore pressure ratio, acceleration response, peak shear strain, and lateral displacement of soil subjected to both NF-P and Near-fault non-pulse (NF-NP) ground motions. The results demonstrate that, at high intensity levels, NF-P ground motions induce more severe liquefaction in loose sand layers, exacerbating shear deformations, as evidenced by a 43.18 % increase in peak shear strain. Liquefied loose sand layers are less effective at mitigating the effects of NF-P ground motions, resulting in persistently high peak accelerations at the surface. Furthermore, sloping sites experience substantially greater lateral displacements under NF-P ground motions, with lateral spreading displacement increasing by 150 %. NF-P ground motions also cause significantly larger lateral and vertical displacements compared to NF-NP ground motions, with lateral displacements reaching 0.97 m, and the soil maximum settlement and uplift being 2.67 and 2.60 times greater, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109424"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the effects of a low amount of non-plastic fines on soil liquefaction by dynamic centrifuge modeling","authors":"Zheng Li,&nbsp;Sandra Escoffier,&nbsp;Philippe Audrain","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new experimental campaign investigating the influence of non-plastic fines on soil liquefaction behavior by dynamic centrifuge model tests. Non-plastic fines C500 were added to clean Hostun HN31 sand based on the constant host sand matrix concept. The characteristics and behavior of both clean sand and sand with fines are analyzed, including CPT resistance, small strain shear modulus, liquefaction resistance, post-shake re-consolidation, and model surface settlement. The low quantity of non-plastic fines has very limited effects on the CPT resistance and slightly increases the small strain shear modulus. In terms of liquefaction resistance, the presence of non-plastic fines has a considerable impact on medium-dense sand. For the medium dense case, the presence of 5% non-plastic fines increases the liquefaction resistance. However, when subjected to the successive shaking, the medium dense sand mixture became less resistant to liquefaction. For the case of dense sand, the presence of non-plastic fines on the liquefaction resistance of is not pronounced. For both medium-dense and dense sands, the presence of non-plastic fines significantly reduces the re-consolidation coefficient and increases surface settlement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fault-to-structure analysis of pile founded nuclear island on a non-rock site using an FK-FE hybrid method","authors":"Tong Wu ,&nbsp;Jianwen Liang ,&nbsp;Zhenning Ba","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a frequency wavenumber-finite element hybrid method with kinetic source model for dynamic analysis of pile founded nuclear island from fault to structure. This method benefits from the effective synthesis of broadband ground motions by the fault source model, the realism of frequency wavenumber for earthquake simulation from fault to the site and the mesh refinement capabilities of the finite element in modeling the nuclear structure and the near soil. This method achieves the expression of source rupture, wave propagation, site response, soil-structure interaction, soil nonlinearity and structure response accurately, which solves the multi-scale problem from crustal layer to nuclear structure. Under finite-fault excitation, the correctness of the proposed method is validated by comparing with the frequency wavenumber method. Then, a full process seismic simulation of a pile founded nuclear island built on a non-rock site is conducted. The influence of source parameter and soil-structure interaction is studied. Results indicate that the change of source parameter can lead to difference nuclear island failure direction. With the increase of dip angle, the appearance of maximum stress is in advance. The soil nonlinearity could greatly amplify the soil-structure interaction effect and the loads on piles. The connection between the containment vessel and the raft is vulnerable and the piles on the edge of the raft is prone to damage. This hybrid method could accomplish an appropriate seismic evaluation of the nuclear structures and the conclusions may provide reference for seismic design of nuclear structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limit states of impact-buffered viscous dampers: A new model and the implications for the seismic fragility of bridges subjected to near-fault pulse-like ground motions","authors":"Yifei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Ding ,&nbsp;Guoshan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impact-buffered viscous dampers (IBVDs) have been proposed as an effective solution for vibration control and impact mitigation in bridge engineering. However, the behavior of IBVDs under extreme seismic events remains inadequately understood, particularly regarding their limit states and the subsequent effects on bridge resilience. This study addresses this gap by proposing a new mechanical model that incorporates the limit states of IBVDs. Moreover, the effect of IBVD failure on the seismic fragility of a continuous rigid-frame bridge subjected to near-fault pulse-like ground motions is evaluated. The results of numerical and experimental investigations show that the proposed model effectively captures the mechanical behavior of IBVDs under limit states. Seismic fragility analyses indicate that IBVDs significantly reduce seismic demands and fragility, particularly at low and moderate intensities. However, as seismic intensity increases, the IDA and fragility curves for bridges with IBVDs gradually transition from those of damped to undamped bridges, highlighting the limitations of IBVDs' ultimate capacity. Additionally, when the pulse period of near-fault pulse-like ground motion is close to the structural fundamental period, resonance effects may cause IBVD failure before the seismic intensity reaches the design level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil-structure interaction effects on the semi-active control effectiveness of structures using MR damper: Shaking table investigation","authors":"Fangfang Li ,&nbsp;Mukai Wu ,&nbsp;Yang Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects on the semi-active control effectiveness, shaking table tests were carried out on a two-story steel frame structure with magnetorheological (MR) damper located on a fixed-base and soft soil foundation. First, a novel online learning deep neural network fuzzy control method (OL-DFNN) was used to control the structure equipped with MR dampers. The controller was made up of three modules, namely the offline trained deep neural network fuzzy control (DFNN), the online training module and the control structure system with SSI effects. Second, other control methods (passive ON, ON-OFF, and DFNN) were also examined to investigate the control efficiency when considering the SSI. Three different earthquake excitations were selected as the seismic inputs, recorded from El Centro, Kobe, and Tianjin earthquakes. Finally, shaking table tests of the structures with and without considering the SSI effect were carried out. The displacement and acceleration test results were comparatively evaluated using two performance indices: peak and root mean square (RMS) responses. The test results indicated that OL-DFNN control achieved the best control efficiency among the four control strategies for both fixed-base structures and soft soil foundation structures. Compared to fixed-base structures, the semi-active control effectiveness of the structures where the SSI effect is taken into account was reduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal device strength distribution rule for pin-supported wall frame structures","authors":"Qidong Chen,&nbsp;Ying Zhou,&nbsp;Yi Xiao,&nbsp;Honghao Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pin-supported wall frame structure is a typical type of rocking structure that limits structural damage under earthquakes. Previous studies arrange uniform-strength devices along the wall height or use concentrated devices at the wall hinge, which overlooks the impact of different device strength height-wise distributions on the bending moments of pin-supported walls. This paper proposes an Optimal Device Strength Distribution Rule (ODSDR) for pin-supported walls with the objective to minimize the absolute wall bending moment and the construction cost. The proposed ODSDR is based on an analytic model and comprises three major steps: (1) formulation of demand equations for seismic actions and floor bending moments; (2) development of capacity equations induced by dampers and pin-supported wall; and (3) establishment of a damper design equation focused on minimizing the absolute bending moments of pin-supported walls. Then, a six-story pin-supported wall frame structures model was created in OpenSees to validate the proposed method. Devices were designed according to the ODSDR and distributed along the building height, as well as for comparison with uniform devices distributed along the building height and devices concentrated at the pin-supported wall hinge. The results from the analysis model were compared with those obtained from the OpenSees model, and the seismic performance of three device allocation methods was evaluated. The results demonstrate that the ODSDR can effectively reduce the bending moments in the walls without compromising seismic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Onsite intensity prediction for earthquake early warning with multimodal deep learning","authors":"Jingbao Zhu ,&nbsp;Shanyou Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Jindong Song","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and accurate prediction of onsite intensity is essential for evaluating earthquake damage to the ground and buildings in earthquake early warning (EEW). Some scholars have used a single feature (such as peak displacement) extracted from the P-wave to establish onsite intensity prediction equations or employ single-mode data (such as seismic waves) to establish machine learning prediction models. However, accurately predicting onsite intensity using one type of data and limited information is difficult. To effectively utilize the information within data of different modalities and improve the reliability of onsite intensity prediction, using earthquake events collected from the Japanese K-NET network, we propose the Multimodal Onsite Intensity Predictor (MOIPor) based on deep learning for EEW and explore the feasibility of MOIPor for onsite intensity prediction in the region of Japan. MOIPor extracts features from three different multimodal data, namely, time-domain data, spectrum data, and text data, obtained from a single station and then uses feature fusion and a multilayer perceptron to output the predicted onsite intensity. The results show that when data from 3 s after the P-wave arrival are used in the test dataset, the reliability of the onsite intensity prediction of MOIPor is greater than that of baseline models. Moreover, we applied MOIPor to the 2021 M7.3 earthquake sequence along the coast of Fukushima in Japan for offline testing, and within 5 s after P-wave arrival, the accuracy of successful alarms based on the intensity predicted by MOIPor exceeded 90 %, with no false alarms. We infer from the results that MOIPor can predict onsite intensity for EEW quickly and reliably in the Japanese region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flowability for viscous fluid flow triggering liquefaction in saturated coral sand subjected to principal stress rotation","authors":"You Qin ,&nbsp;Hui Long ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Wei-Jia Ma ,&nbsp;Guo-Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Hai-Yang Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reasonable determination of cyclic resistance in saturated sand is crucial for ensuring the long-term stability of marine structures. This paper investigates the liquefaction-induced flow characteristics of saturated coral sand specimens under complex cyclic loading conditions through cyclic shear tests with varying stress paths and frequencies. Experimental results demonstrate significant differences in deviatoric strain amplitude at the initial attainment of zero effective stress under different cyclic stress paths. To characterize cyclic resistance under complex loading, we introduce the unit cyclic stress ratio as a novel index. Notably, there are substantial differences in cyclic resistance between excess pore-water pressure (<em>u</em>_e)-based and strain-based failure criteria across various cyclic loading modes. The specimens subjected to cyclic loading exhibit viscous fluid-like properties, leading us to propose a viscous fluid flow cyclic failure criterion within a comprehensive framework that considers both <em>u</em>_e and strain. For practical engineering applications, it is noteworthy that cyclic resistance obtained from the viscous fluid damage criterion demonstrates greater conservatism, thereby providing enhanced safety assurance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-hazard fragility analysis of cross-sea cable-stayed bridges cable bent tower under seismic-wind combined action","authors":"Yan Liang,&nbsp;Yu-zhen Kong,&nbsp;Li Yan,&nbsp;Zheng-hao Zhao,&nbsp;Pin-wu Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cable-stayed bridges are one of the primary bridge types for large-span cross-sea bridges, especially in earthquake-prone regions. These bridges face not only the threat of seismic disasters but are also continuously exposed to the adverse effects of strong winds. Under the combined influence of both earthquakes and wind loads, the safety of cable-stayed bridges has become a key focus in disaster-resilience research. However, research on the disaster-resilient performance of cable-stayed bridges under multi-hazard interactions remains relatively limited. Therefore, this study focuses on the multi-hazard fragility of cross-sea cable-stayed bridges' main load-bearing component, the towers. First, a finite element model of the entire cable-stayed bridge is developed, followed by the construction of a cable-stayed bridge tower model through static and dynamic equivalence. Based on the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) database, seismic wave data is selected. Different heights of fluctuating wind speeds for the tower are simulated and converted into concentrated force time-history curves. Through nonlinear time-history analysis, the multi-hazard fragility of the tower in cable-stayed bridges under seismic-wind combined action is studied. The results show that seismic-wind combined action leads to increased dynamic responses of the tower of cable-stayed bridges. Taking the case of slight damage to the tower under the combined action of rare seismic and different wind speeds (30, 40, 50 m/s) as an example, the probabilities are 15.9 %, 17.0 %, and 20.1 %, respectively. Compared with the seismic action alone, there was an increase of 1.3 %, 2.4 %, and 5.5 % respectively. Under seismic-wind combined action, the fragility of the tower significantly increases. However, as the seismic intensity increases, the influence of wind speed on tower damage gradually decreases, and the extensive damage degree of the tower is mainly controlled by seismic action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal shock absorption performance of energy dissipation prestressing joint between shield tunnel rings","authors":"Haisong Luo ,&nbsp;Chuanfeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Lizhi Du ,&nbsp;Weidong Jin ,&nbsp;HanzheZhao ,&nbsp;Tianwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of damage and failure of circumferential joints in shield tunnels under strong earthquakes, this study proposes an energy dissipation prestressing joint (EDPJ) installed between shield tunnel rings. The basic structure and design method of the EDPJ are given. The mechanical properties of the main energy dissipation elements are tested by means of quasi-static experiments. A refined three-dimensional numerical model is developed to study the hysteresis behaviour of EDPJ. The damping performance of tunnels applying EDPJ is evaluated based on the generalised response displacement method. The results demonstrate that the damping force generated by the energy dissipating element of EDPJ is consistently stable, and the hysteresis curve shows a full rectangle. The EDPJ exhibits a well capacity for energy dissipation under cyclic loading, with a notable reduction in concrete damage, internal force, and opening width. The opening width between shield tunnel rings with EDPJ is significantly reduced for different earthquake magnitudes. The suitable arrangement of the EDPJs and the increase of the prestressing levels contribute to the improvement of the seismic damping effect of the joints. This study can provide reference for the design of longitudinal damping measures for shield tunnel engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 109418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}