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Study on prediction model of cumulative plastic strain of Pisha sandstone based on grey systems theory
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109205
Xuesong Mao, Yixu Hu, Qian Wu, Peichen Cai, Yueyue Wang, Xiaobin Lei
{"title":"Study on prediction model of cumulative plastic strain of Pisha sandstone based on grey systems theory","authors":"Xuesong Mao,&nbsp;Yixu Hu,&nbsp;Qian Wu,&nbsp;Peichen Cai,&nbsp;Yueyue Wang,&nbsp;Xiaobin Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pisha sandstone (PS) rapidly collapses in water and its performance deteriorates seriously, and its special engineering properties have always been the focus of researchers. In areas where fillers are scarce, it is of great significance to use PS as roadbed fillers to slow down soil erosion and green environmental protection. However, the long-term deformation characteristics after construction need further study. To reveal the long-term dynamic characteristics of Pisha sandstone fillers (PSF) under vehicle load, this study conducted the cyclic loading test of PSF by using the GDS triaxial test system. The deformation characteristics of PSF under different cyclic stress ratios (<em>ζ</em>) and load frequencies (<em>f</em>) were studied. The grey correlation analysis method was used to obtain the correlation degree of each influencing factor to the cumulative plastic strain (CPS) of the PSF. Finally, the grey GM (1,1) model is used to predict the CPS data of PSF. Based on this, the classical semi-logarithmic strain model is modified, and the CPS prediction model of PSF is established. The results reveal that the <em>ζ</em> and <em>f</em> will promote the development of axial deformation of PSF. The axial elastic deformation (<em>ε</em><sub>e</sub>) and CPS of PSF increase with the increase of <em>ζ</em>, and the <em>ζ</em> has a great influence on the CPS. The influence of <em>f</em> on <em>ε</em><sub>e</sub> is more significant at high stress levels and less significant at low stress levels. The influence of <em>f</em> on CPS is opposite to that of <em>ε</em><sub>e</sub>, that is, the influence of high stress level is small, and the influence of low stress level is large. According to the degree of correlation, the factors are sorted according to the degree of influence: static strength (<em>σ</em><sub>f</sub>) &gt; confining pressure (<em>σ</em><sub>3</sub>) &gt; dynamic static stress ratio (<em>η</em>) &gt; load frequency (<em>f</em>) &gt; cyclic stress ratio (<em>ζ</em>). The GM (1,1) model has high accuracy and reliability for the quantitative description and prediction of the CPS of PSF. At the same time, according to the test and GM (1,1) model prediction results, the CPS prediction model of PSF was established. The research can provide insights and references for the establishment of cumulative deformation and prediction model of PSF under cyclic loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of a semi-circular valley on dynamic response of shallow tunnel with imperfect interface under Rayleigh wave incidence
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109204
Chen Cao , Xueqian Fang , Changsong Zhu
{"title":"Effects of a semi-circular valley on dynamic response of shallow tunnel with imperfect interface under Rayleigh wave incidence","authors":"Chen Cao ,&nbsp;Xueqian Fang ,&nbsp;Changsong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the two-dimensional scattering and diffraction of Rayleigh waves in an elastic semi-infinite space with a semi-circular valley is studied. The spring model is introduced to describe the imperfect interfacial relationship between the surrounding rock and the lining. By combining the wave function expansion with the method of images, the states of interfaces are systematically discussed through different parameters, including the relative position and the radius of the valley, the tunnel burial depth, and the dimensionless interface coefficients. The results show that the peak values of dynamic stress in lining gradually shift to the spandrel as the increase of dimensionless frequency, while high frequency will produce a greater stress concentration in the surrounding rock at the top of the arch, and the dynamic responses are negatively correlated with the incident frequency in the both lining and surrounding rock. The interface defects tend to weaken the DSCF in the lining but intensify that on the contact surface of surrounding rock, and the effects of transverse springs are greater than that of normal springs. In addition, the larger distance between the valley and the tunnel is beneficial to tunnel structure stability and reduce the valley surface displacement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seismic stability of anchored slopes considering tension-shear coupling effect by modified pseudo-dynamic approach
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109206
Xiaolei Wu , Zhengnan Cui , Bo Yang , Bo Lian
{"title":"Seismic stability of anchored slopes considering tension-shear coupling effect by modified pseudo-dynamic approach","authors":"Xiaolei Wu ,&nbsp;Zhengnan Cui ,&nbsp;Bo Yang ,&nbsp;Bo Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anchorage technology has been widely promoted and applied in many important slope engineering projects. However, the existing standard methods for seismic design of anchored slopes only consider the axial action of the anchor rod, ignoring its shear resistance, which greatly underestimates the reinforcement effect. Based on the limit equilibrium theory and the modified pseudo-dynamic method, this paper takes into account the “tension-shear” coupling effect of anchor rods and provides a closed-form solution for the safety factor of anchored slopes under seismic conditions. It analyzes the influence of different factors when considering the “tension-shear” coupling effect of anchor rods versus only considering the tension effect on the safety factor. This method is compared and validated. The results show that when the anchoring angle is large, the safety factor is greater when considering the tension-shear coupling effect of anchor rods compared to only considering the tension effect, indicating that traditional design methods seriously underestimate the shear resistance of anchor rods. There exists an optimal anchoring angle for anchor-reinforced slopes (approximately equal to the friction angle), at which the reinforcement effect is better. Additionally, the larger the anchor rod diameter, the greater the lateral shear resistance and the higher the safety factor. For the horizontal acceleration coefficient of 0.1, a 16 mm anchor rod offers 47.8 % more safety than a 10 mm one. The closer the input seismic wave frequency is to the natural frequency of the anchored slope, and the smaller the damping ratio, the lower the safety factor. The safety factor decreases by 2.64 % for vibration periods Ts of 0.10s and by 13.1 % and 37.2 % for vibration periods Ts of 0.15s and 0.20s. Compared with the pseudo-static method and the traditional pseudo-dynamic method, the method proposed in this paper can extensively quantify the stability of anchored slopes under different seismic wave frequencies and is more suitable for practical use. The results can provide valuable references for the current seismic design of anchored slopes and will help engineers better understand the working mechanism of anchor-reinforced slopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109206"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental study of dynamic performance of loose sandy soil improved with micro-Organisms
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109197
Mohammadreza Torfehnezhad, Seyed Alireza Zareei, Niloofar Salemi
{"title":"Experimental study of dynamic performance of loose sandy soil improved with micro-Organisms","authors":"Mohammadreza Torfehnezhad,&nbsp;Seyed Alireza Zareei,&nbsp;Niloofar Salemi","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the increasing number of construction projects, various methods, including more environmentally friendly methods, are used to increase the strength and bearing capacity of soil. Bio-cementation method is one of the newest methods that uses bacteria to form calcium carbonate crystals to make high-strength Metamorphic products. This process can stabilize the soil without breaking the original structure. One of these processes, which are common in nature, is the microbiological deposition of calcium carbonate by enzymatic hydrolysis of urea. Due to the size of soil grains and the size of bacteria used in sediment production, these bacteria will be able to produce sediment in silty, clay and sandy soils that form a wide range of soils. In this research, the effect of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) on the cyclic properties (liquefaction resistance, secant shear modulus and damping ratio) of loose sand is investigated via performing cyclic triaxial tests. Results revealed that carbonate precipitation could significantly increase the liquefaction resistance of Nikabad sand. So that the required cycles to reach the liquefaction criteria was increased from 6 for unstabilized sand to 97 (at cyclic stress ratio (CSR) of 0.2) for 4 times grouted carbonate precipitated sand. Also, this value was increased to 127 for 6 times grouted carbonate precipitated sand. Moreover, test findings show that CSR has an important effect on liquefaction resistance such that, the number of cycles leading to liquefaction decreased from 127 to 46 with the increase of CSR from 0.2 to 0.3 for 6 times grouted carbonate precipitated sand. Due to the carbonate precipitation, the secant shear modulus of sand increased by up to 67 %, and also the damping ratio of sand increased by up to 50 %</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental investigation of the undrained dynamic behavior of soft clay under equivalent earthquake loadings
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109183
Zhong-Liang Zhang, Zhen-Dong Cui, Min-Zhe Xu
{"title":"Experimental investigation of the undrained dynamic behavior of soft clay under equivalent earthquake loadings","authors":"Zhong-Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Zhen-Dong Cui,&nbsp;Min-Zhe Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft clay is extensively distributed in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Many seismic events indicate that underground structures buried in soft soil may suffer severe damage from earthquakes. In this study, a series of bidirectional dynamic cyclic triaxial tests were conducted to investigate the dynamic behavior of soft clay, considering different confining pressures and consolidation stress ratios. A simplified equivalent seismic loading method based on the strain failure criterion was proposed. The obtained equivalent amplitude of soft clay calculating by the critical cyclic stress ratio is averagely 1.58 times that of the sand liquefaction method. Under equivalent seismic cyclic loading, the dynamic shear strain and excess pore pressure of soft clay increases with the increase of confining pressure. The relationship between the maximum excess pore pressure and the corresponding shear strain can be expressed by a hyperbolic function. Due to the weakening effect of seismic loading, the shear modulus decreases as the shear strain increases, with a sudden reduction of up to 45 %. The shear modulus and damping ratio increase with the increase of confining pressure and consolidation stress ratio. The research results may provide some valuable insights into the seismic design practices in soft clay areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Load-bearing characteristics and optimization design for rock-socketed bored piles in sandy silty clay in coastal areas
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109207
Nan Yan , Zengming Hao , Xiaoyu Bai , Lin Cui , Jichao Yin , Chao Liu , Yamei Zhang
{"title":"Load-bearing characteristics and optimization design for rock-socketed bored piles in sandy silty clay in coastal areas","authors":"Nan Yan ,&nbsp;Zengming Hao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Bai ,&nbsp;Lin Cui ,&nbsp;Jichao Yin ,&nbsp;Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Yamei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Qingdao region in China is a typical coastal city characterized by “upper soil lower rock” binary composite formations, with a weak upper layer of sandy silty clay that cannot provide sufficient bearing capacity. Through conducting vertical compression static load tests, the vertical bearing characteristics of the socketed moderately weathered rock bored piles were revealed. Combined with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods, the applicability of different theoretical models in predicting the vertical compressive ultimate bearing capacity of single piles was evaluated. Further, the influencing factors of bearing performance were analyzed. The research results show that the load-displacement (<em>Q</em>-<em>s</em>) curves of the three test piles were of the gradual type, and the rock-socketed piles exhibit the characteristics of friction end-bearing piles to varying degrees. The accuracy of various theoretical models in predicting the vertical compressive ultimate bearing capacity of single piles was as follows, in descending order: adjusted hyperbolic model, hyperbolic model, exponential curve model, pile material strength calculation formula. Under similar engineering geological conditions, the reasonable ranges of parameters in the influencing factors of the rock-socketed piles were as follows: length-to-diameter ratio of 12≤<em>L</em>/<em>d</em> ≤ 15, rock-socketed ratio of 2≤<em>h</em><sub>r</sub>/<em>d</em> ≤ 3, pile-rock elastic modulus ratio of 10≤<em>E</em><sub>p</sub>/<em>E</em><sub>r</sub> ≤ 30, and friction coefficient of 0.4≤<em>μ</em>≤0.6.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The development of damage-based energy factor under far-fault ground motions for the seismic demand evaluation of structural systems in energy-balance theorem
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109200
Pouya Amirchoupani, Rasool Nodeh Farahani, Gholamreza Abdollahzadeh
{"title":"The development of damage-based energy factor under far-fault ground motions for the seismic demand evaluation of structural systems in energy-balance theorem","authors":"Pouya Amirchoupani,&nbsp;Rasool Nodeh Farahani,&nbsp;Gholamreza Abdollahzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this investigation is to develop the damage-based energy factor (<span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span>) for seismic demand evaluation of Reinforced Concrete (RC) and steel structures under probable future ground motions regarding the energy-balance theorem and use in the Performance-Based Plastic Design (PBPD) procedure. Before this, the energy factor was determined considering different ductility levels, where the procedure could be extended at constant specific damage levels in damage-based design theory to consider the influence of the hysteresis energy, frequency content, ground motions amplitude, and duration for design purposes. Hence, the popular Park-Ang damage index was employed as a damage model to obtain energy factor under 400 far-fault ground motion records by investigating the influence of structural and earthquake properties on it, including period of vibration, damage level, ultimate ductility ratio, stiffness hardening, structural deterioration, <span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow></math></span> factor, soil class type, magnitude (M<sub>w</sub>), and source-to-site distance. Due to the influence of ground motion characteristics by using statistical analysis, the <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>A</mi><mi>p</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>V</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> ratio is employed to determine the energy factor, which depends on soil class type, magnitude, fault mechanism, and source-to-site distance. Also, a simple equation based on nonlinear regression analysis among data is suggested to estimate the energy factor based on influential structural and earthquake characteristics, and its error is demonstrated by the two concepts of bias and standard deviation. Finally, three empirical structures validated by numerical modeling, consisting of a full-scale RC bridge pier, a full-scale four-story RC building, and the three-story steel frame, are considered to validate the accuracy of the proposed method and equation. Statistical results illustrate that the difference between estimated displacements and obtained ones from direct time history analysis is not higher than 20 %, especially compared to the existing damage-based coefficient method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seismic performance evaluation of a tall tower structure with integrated heat-absorbing and air-cooling capabilities: IDA based seismic fragility analysis
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109194
Hao Wu, Suyang Qiao, Ying Zhou
{"title":"Seismic performance evaluation of a tall tower structure with integrated heat-absorbing and air-cooling capabilities: IDA based seismic fragility analysis","authors":"Hao Wu,&nbsp;Suyang Qiao,&nbsp;Ying Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The heat-absorbing tower is a novel tall power generation structure, with limited global application to date. Unlike traditional towers, which primarily serve as platforms for deploying large mass absorbers to capture reflected sunlight for electricity generation, the heat-absorbing and air-cooling (HAAC) tower is an innovative concept. It features an internally hollow design with strategically placed air inlets and outlets, and a substantial mass positioned at the top. This novel configuration not only supports absorber deployment for sunlight capture but also integrates indirect air-cooling capabilities, thereby achieving multifunctionality in infrastructure. To investigate the seismic performance of the proposed HAAC tower, assess its vulnerability, and support safety enhancement in sustainable and multifunctional infrastructure, a seismic fragility evaluation method based on incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was adopted. A validated finite element model in ABAQUS, correlated with scaled shaking table tests, assessed 11 earthquake records across 22 intensity levels, resulting in over 242 case studies. Five intensity measures (IMs) were used: <em>PGA</em>, <em>S</em><sub><em>a</em></sub>(<em>T</em><sub>1</sub>,4 %), <em>PGV</em>, <em>S∗</em> (a modified <em>S</em><sub><em>a</em></sub> accounting for post-yield period elongation), and <em>S</em><sub>12</sub> – (spectral acceleration for the first two modes). Two damage measures (DMs): <em>θ</em><sub>max</sub> (maximum inter-story drift) and <em>θ</em><sub>top</sub> (top drift), were employed in IDA and fragility analysis. Results indicate that <em>S</em>∗ exhibits the strongest correlation to DMs, followed by <em>PGV</em>, <em>PGA</em>, <em>S</em><sub>12</sub> and <em>S</em><sub><em>a</em></sub>(<em>T</em><sub>1</sub>,4 %). Using <em>θ</em><sub>max</sub> as the DM parameter reveals higher structural demands, indicating an increased likelihood of reaching critical limit states compared to <em>θ</em><sub>top</sub>. The findings suggest that the proposed HAAC tower exhibits good seismic performance, supporting the enhancement of safety and the development of multifunctional infrastructure within sustainable infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Volumetric strain accumulation for saturated coral sand under various cyclic loading patterns
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109198
You Qin , Hui Long , Qi Wu , Wei-Jia Ma , Guo-Xing Chen , Hai-Yang Zhuang
{"title":"Volumetric strain accumulation for saturated coral sand under various cyclic loading patterns","authors":"You Qin ,&nbsp;Hui Long ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Wei-Jia Ma ,&nbsp;Guo-Xing Chen ,&nbsp;Hai-Yang Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seismic events and wave action can induce volumetric strain (<em>ε</em><sub>v</sub>) accumulation in saturated sandy soils, leading to damage to the ground surface and structures. A quantifiable relationship exists between the generation of <em>ε</em><sub>v</sub> in sandy soils under drained conditions and the development of pore water pressures under undrained conditions. In this study, the impact of relative density (<em>D</em><sub>r</sub>), cyclic stress path, and stress level on the characteristics of volumetric strain (<em>ε</em><sub>v</sub>) generation in saturated coral sands (SCS) was evaluated through drained tests employing various cyclic stress paths. The test findings demonstrate that the rate of <em>ε</em><sub>v</sub> accumulation in SCS is notably affected by the cyclic stress path. The rise in peak volumetric strain (<em>ε</em><sub>vp</sub>) in SCS, as a function of the number of cycles, conforms to the arctangent function model. The unit cyclic stress ratio (USR) was employed as an indicator of complex cyclic loading levels. It was determined that coefficient (<em>ε</em><sub>vp</sub>)<sub>u</sub> is positively correlated with USR at a specific <em>D</em><sub>r</sub>. At the same <em>D</em><sub>r</sub>, coefficient <em>C</em><sub><em>N</em>1</sub> exhibits a positive correlation with USR, while coefficient <em>C</em><sub><em>N</em>2</sub> displays a negative correlation with USR, following a power-law relationship. Irrespective of cyclic loading conditions, <em>ε</em><sub>vp</sub> rises with an increase in generalized shear strain amplitude (<em>γ</em><sub>ga</sub>). A power function model was established to represent the relationship between <em>ε</em><sub>vp</sub> and <em>γ</em><sub>ga</sub>. The coefficient <em>ζ</em><sub>1</sub> decreases as <em>D</em><sub>r</sub> increases. Comparisons were drawn between <em>ε</em><sub>vp</sub> and <em>γ</em><sub>ga</sub> for Ottawa sand and SCS. The results indicate that, as <em>D</em><sub>r</sub> of Ottawa sand increases from 30 % to 70 %, the coefficient <em>ζ</em><sub>1</sub> decreases from 1.54 to 0.73, representing a reduction of approximately 53 %. In contrast, under identical conditions, the coefficient <em>ζ</em><sub>1</sub> of SCS exhibits a less pronounced decrease, from 1.16 to 0.79, corresponding to a reduction of roughly 32 %. These observations suggest that variations in <em>D</em><sub>r</sub> have a more substantial impact on generating <em>ε</em><sub>vp</sub> in Ottawa sand compared to SCS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 109198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “9th Ishihara lecture: Effects of subsurface heterogeneity on liquefaction-induced ground deformation during earthquakes” [Soil Dynam Earthq Eng (2024), Volume 186, November 2024, 108954]
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109064
Ross W. Boulanger , Patrick Bassal
{"title":"Corrigendum to “9th Ishihara lecture: Effects of subsurface heterogeneity on liquefaction-induced ground deformation during earthquakes” [Soil Dynam Earthq Eng (2024), Volume 186, November 2024, 108954]","authors":"Ross W. Boulanger ,&nbsp;Patrick Bassal","doi":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.soildyn.2024.109064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49502,"journal":{"name":"Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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