Air Quality Atmosphere and Health最新文献

{"title":"Exploring radiative forcing sensitivity to aerosol optical properties across varied geographical regions in India","authors":"Sneha Gautam,&nbsp;A Blessy,&nbsp;Pullanikkat Abhilash,&nbsp;Annu Yadav,&nbsp;Aldin Justin","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01537-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01537-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change remains a pressing global concern, with aerosols emerging as pivotal elements that wield substantial influence over the Earth’s climate dynamics. Aerosols, minuscule solid or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere, exhibit a size range spanning from nanometers to tens of micrometers. Their impact on the atmosphere’s temperature is dual, engendering either warming or cooling effects, contingent upon the aerosol type. Consequently, it becomes imperative to comprehensively grasp the intricacies of aerosols and their inherent characteristics. In this study, we center our attention on the investigation of key aerosol optical properties, specifically the asymmetry parameter (ASY), aerosol optical depth (AOD), and single scattering albedo (SSA). Our research delves into the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of these aerosol optical properties across four distinct locations within India, namely Gandhi College, Kanpur, Jaipur, and Pune. These selected sites encompass the major classifications of aerosols, encompassing both anthropogenic and natural sources. Within the purview of these available aerosol optical properties, we endeavor to quantify the direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF). To further enhance the rigor of our findings, we employ the control variable method to assess the uncertainty associated with direct aerosol radiative forcing concerning aerosol optical properties. Our results underscore that the asymmetry parameter (ASY) exerts a relatively minor influence on DARF, while single scattering albedo (SSA) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) wield substantial impact. Furthermore, this influence is contingent upon the specific aerosol type and exhibits notable regional variations, as different parameters manifest diverse effects contingent upon their respective geographical contexts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139979544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the physical mechanisms of PM2.5 formation in Seoul, Korea: assessing the role of aerosol direct effects using the WRF-CMAQ model","authors":"Jung-Woo Yoo,&nbsp;Soon-Young Park,&nbsp;Wonbae Jeon,&nbsp;Jia Jung,&nbsp;Jaehyeong Park,&nbsp;Jeonghyeok Mun,&nbsp;Dongjin Kim,&nbsp;Soon-Hwan Lee","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01538-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01538-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the impact of the aerosol direct effect (ADE) on the meteorological conditions and air quality in Seoul, South Korea (Korea), using the WRF-CMAQ coupled model. Two experiments were conducted: NF simulation without the ADE feedback and YF simulation with the ADE feedback. The ADE resulted in a decrease in shortwave radiation at the surface and an increase in shortwave radiation in the atmosphere. Additionally, the 2-m temperature, 10-m wind speed, and planetary boundary layer (PBL) height decreased. The changes in meteorological conditions due to ADE-induced atmospheric stability and restrained vertical mixing resulted in deteriorated air quality. During the simulation, PM_2.5 concentrations increased due to ADE, with daily averages rising by 4.2 µg·m⁻³ on transport day and 3.2 µg·m⁻³ on accumulation day. Process analysis (PA) was employed to investigate contributions of physical/chemical processes affecting ADE. Local emissions, aerosol processes, and horizontal advection were identified as key factors in PM_2.5 increases in Seoul. Differences in the contributions of processes were noted between transport and accumulation day due to ADE considerations. On transport day, the YF simulation exhibited a higher influx of PM_2.5 through horizontal advection, attributed to transport from upwind regions. Conversely, on accumulation day, horizontal advection decreased due to enhanced atmospheric stability, while vertical transport increased from restrained vertical mixing induced by ADE. Thus, ADE emphasized the contribution of processes to PM_2.5. Emissions and horizontal advection were primary contributors on transport day, while the emissions process dominated on accumulation day.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139980049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Risk assessment and estimation of controlling safe distance for exposure to particulate matter from outdoor secondhand tobacco smoke","authors":"Jiyeon Yang,&nbsp;Shervin Hashemi,&nbsp;Taeyeon Kim,&nbsp;Jungwon Park,&nbsp;Minji Park,&nbsp;Wonseok Han,&nbsp;Dongjun Park,&nbsp;Youngwook Lim","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01530-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01530-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140442179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of health risks of selected potentially toxic metals in household dust from different socio-economical houses of Dhanbad city, India","authors":"Shravan Kumar,&nbsp;Manish Kumar Jain","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01527-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01527-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the determination of heavy metal concentrations (Fe, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Zn) in dust samples collected from different socioeconomic households in the urban area of Dhanbad city was investigated. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was utilized to detect the heavy metal content of the dust samples after digestion and filtration. The mean concentrations of Fe found 19,983.25 mg kg⁻¹ followed by Mn (313.03 mg kg⁻¹), Zn (296.05 mg kg⁻¹), Cu (62.16 mg kg⁻¹), Cr (37.87 mg kg⁻¹), Ni (33.67 mg kg⁻¹), Co (11.66 mg kg⁻¹), and Cd (5.65 mg kg⁻¹). Contamination Factor (CF) for elements Fe, Mn, Ni, and Co obtained values less than 1 signifying low contamination, CF values for element Cu ranged between 1 to 3 signifying moderate contamination whereas Zn comes under considerable contamination. CF values for elements Cd signify high contamination in all types of households. Cd was found to be highly enriched with a mean value of EF greater than 20 followed by Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Co, and Mn. The hazard index (HI) of selected heavy metals was less than 1 and the carcinogenic risk (CR) values for Cd, Cr, and Ni were found below safe levels (1E-06 to 1E-04) for both adults as well as children. The HI value for children was around five times that of adults, suggesting that children are at a greater risk of exposure to heavy metals in indoor dust from all socioeconomic type households.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139910767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk perception of air pollution and behavioral responses: a mapping review of research studies during 2000–2021","authors":"Marc Völker,&nbsp;Sarunya Sujaritpong","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01531-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01531-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution is a key threat to human and ecosystem health. Successfully addressing this problem requires among other measures the active involvement of the population, depending on adequate public awareness and knowledge. This paper reviewed studies on perceptions of outdoor air pollution and behavioral responses in order to synthesize the state-of-the art in this research field and identify key research gaps. Three bibliographic databases were queried for studies published between 2000 and 2021 using standardized search terms. Of 2,616 titles and abstracts screened, 242 articles met the inclusion criteria. Our review revealed a growing interest in this domain of study, while we found a geographical mismatch between countries with poor air quality and those having been intensively researched. Moreover, we identified a lack of qualitative and mixed methods studies. Research also needs to focus more on vulnerable populations, influential subjects and data from online platforms. Among the outcomes investigated by the reviewed studies, there was a dearth of research on perceptions of ecosystem effects of air pollution, the use of air purifiers and relocating as self-protective means and people’s willingness-to-pay for self-protective measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139909936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of combined exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy on OVA-induced asthma in offspring and its sensitive window","authors":"Nana Zhang,&nbsp;Xinai Liu,&nbsp;Lingling Fu,&nbsp;Xiwei Yang,&nbsp;Deda Feng,&nbsp;Shuoxin Bai,&nbsp;Yifan Zhai,&nbsp;Zhiping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01528-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01528-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of prenatal combined exposure to air pollutants on asthma development in offspring mice and to delineate the sensitive exposure windows. Pregnant ICR mice were exposed to air compound pollutants or clean air at gestational day (GD) 1–6, 7–12, 13–18, and 1–18, respectively. Offspring mice aged 2–4 weeks received sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) or normal saline. Pups were examined for features of asthma such as airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), pulmonary inflammation, mucus secretion, OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels, and cytokines levels. Asthma model in offspring was successfully established with OVA. In OVA-induced asthmatic offspring, maternal exposure to atmospheric compound pollutants at GD7-12 significantly increased AHR, pulmonary inflammatory infiltration, mucus secretion, OVA-specific IgE levels, the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and T helper (Th) 2-skewed response, except for Th17-skewed response. Maternal exposure at GD1-6 had little effect on asthma in offspring, only increasing mucus secretion and TNF-α level in asthmatic offspring. Maternal exposure at GD13-18 had no significant effect on all indicators of asthmatic offspring. In addition, maternal exposure at GD1-18 only increased OVA-specific IgE levels in asthmatic offspring, with no significant effect on other asthma indicators. Importantly, if offspring were not sensitized and stimulated with OVA, exposure to atmospheric compound pollutants during pregnancy did not cause asthma responses in offspring. Exposure to atmospheric compound pollutants during pregnancy could aggravate the severity of OVA-induced asthma in offspring mice, with the second trimester being the sensitive window.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139902473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-differentiated impact of PM2.5 exposure on respiratory and cardiovascular mortality: a review","authors":"Karina D. Véliz,&nbsp;Diana E. Alcantara-Zapata,&nbsp;Laura Chomalí,&nbsp;Joaquín Vargas","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01525-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01525-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The association between PM_2.5 and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality from a gender perspective is scarce in the literature, despite the fifth sustainable development goal (SDG 5) related to gender equality. This study aims to assess whether gender analysis in the association of PM_2.5 on respiratory and cardiovascular mortality shows a different impact on women than men around diverse regions of the world. We conducted a scoping review of the Web of Science database citations for epidemiological studies published between June 2020 and October 2021. The articles that met our inclusion criteria were grouped into three categories based on gender-induced effects to compare the registered risks between men and women. Of 956 articles identified, 36 published were eligible. The regions with the most gender analysis studies were Asia (<i>n</i> = 15), North America (<i>n</i> = 15), and Europe (<i>n</i> = 6). Irrespective of the gender-induced effect category, 7 articles reported a higher risk for women than men, and 14 declared the contrary. The magnitude of the impact of PM_2.5 on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in women is unclear. Differences in covariates, methods of analysis, and regional characteristics of each country could influence the results. All studies lacked indoor PM_2.5 measurements, which may bias mortality estimates for the female population. The use of indoor PM_2.5 measurements would more accurately reflect the air quality that women and girls typically breathe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139757103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile measurements and street-level modelling to assess outdoor and indoor personal exposure to air pollution in urban environment","authors":"Marie Dury,&nbsp;Florent Hozay,&nbsp;Hans Hooyberghs,&nbsp;Fabian Lenartz","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01529-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01529-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Population exposure to atmospheric pollution is commonly assessed through models. This study aims to compare estimates based on a high-resolution model and actual measurements. The considered modelling system, ATMO-Street, consists of a three-layer outdoor model operating at an hourly rate with a spatial resolution of approximately 10 m. The considered measurements were made by 38 candidate citizens carrying, for 1 week, portable devices, including an AE51 aethalometer and an Antilope low-cost sensor system developed at the Scientific Institute of Public Service (ISSeP). Their data were aggregated to match the model time and space resolutions. The zone of interest is the city of Liège in Belgium during parts of the year 2019. This research sheds light on the effectiveness of the atmospheric pollution model and personal exposure assessment methods. The findings contribute to a somewhat more comprehensive understanding of our exposure to air pollution, including indoors, with potential implications for public health and environmental policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139757094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of PM2.5-associated mortality burden among the elderly: Insights into demographic, socio-economic, and geographic factors","authors":"Ayushi Sharma,&nbsp;Hsi-yu Hsiao,&nbsp;Jia-Yi Liu,&nbsp;Shih-Chun Candice Lung,&nbsp;Huey-Jen Su,&nbsp;Ching-Fen Shen,&nbsp;Nai-Tzu Chen,&nbsp;Pei-Chih Wu,&nbsp;Cheng-Yu Lin,&nbsp;Sheng-Fu Liang,&nbsp;Tain-Junn Cheng,&nbsp;Ta-Chien Chan,&nbsp;Yaw-Shyan Tsay,&nbsp;Hsin-Ying Chung,&nbsp;Yu-Chun Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01526-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01526-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since long-term exposure to PM2.5 is a growing concern in Taiwan, therefore, our study aimed to investigate the association between different PM2.5 concentrations and cause-specific mortalities, as well as explore the influence of demographic, socio-economic, and geographic determinants on mortality.</p><p>Utilizing a Distributed Lag Non-Linear Model (DLNM), we estimated the PM2.5-attributable mortality burden among the elderly population (above 65 years) in Taiwan from 2005 to 2018. Our analysis considered various thresholds defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) to assess the impact of PM2.5 concentrations, ranging from standard Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) levels (0–15 μg/m3) to higher interim targets (up to 80 μg/m3).</p><p>Our study reveals that achieving AQG levels (&lt; 15 μg/m3) in Taiwan could potentially prevent 5571 elderly deaths, including 889 deaths from CVDs, 934 deaths from RTIs, and 680 deaths from chronic diseases. We observed a rapid increase in attributable deaths at lower PM2.5 concentrations, with a subsequent marginal increase at higher levels of exposure. We also identified several factors that modify the effects of PM2.5 exposures among elderly. For example, we found that higher elderly population ratios and high-income households were associated with an elevated risk of PM2.5-related deaths. In contrast, higher social welfare expenditure, better availability of medical practitioners per square kilometer, and higher forest-to-land ratios were associated with positive effects, indicating their potential in reducing mortality risk.</p><p>This study fills a knowledge gap by examining the health consequences of varying PM2.5 levels and explored the complex interplay between demographic, socio-economic, and geographic factors in relation to PM2.5-related mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139757183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal estimation of hourly PM2.5 using AOD derived from geostationary satellite Fengyun-4A and machine learning models for Greater Bangkok","authors":"Nishit Aman,&nbsp;Kasemsan Manomaiphiboon,&nbsp;Di Xian,&nbsp;Ling Gao,&nbsp;Lin Tian,&nbsp;Natchanok Pala-En,&nbsp;Yangjun Wang,&nbsp;Komsilp Wangyao","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01524-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01524-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study used four individual machine learning (ML) models (random forest, adaptive boosting, gradient boosting, and extreme gradient boosting), and a stacked ensemble model (SEM) for PM_2.5 estimation over Greater Bangkok (GBK) during the dry season for 2018–2022. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) from Fengyun-4A satellite was used as the main predictor variable. The other predictor variables include meteorological variables, fire hotspots, vegetation index, terrain elevation, and population density. Surface PM_2.5 from 17 air quality monitoring stations was used for model development and evaluation. Satellite AOD aligns reasonably well with AOD from two AERONET stations in the study area in terms of correlation coefficient (<i>r</i>), mean bias (MB), mean error (ME), and root mean square error (RMSE). Among the individual models, adaptive boosting performed the best with <i>r</i> = 0.75, MB = 0.55 µg m⁻³, ME = 9.1 µg m⁻³, and RMSE = 12.9 µg m⁻³. As for SEM which comprises all individual models, it outperformed every individual model, with <i>r</i> = 0.84, zero MB, ME = 7.2 µg m⁻³, and RMSE = 10.4 µg m⁻³. In two additional cases of haze hours and clean hours, SEM is best overall while adaptive boosting is superior to the other individual ML models. The case of haze hours has lower model predictability, suggesting elevated PM_2.5 is difficult to predict. SEM was thus chosen to map PM_2.5 as well as exposure intensity over GBK. Good agreement between the observed and predicted diurnal and monthly patterns is achieved by every model. PM_2.5 tends to be relatively high at 08–10 LT and declines in later hours, corresponding to higher traffic emissions in the morning and daytime meteorological conditions more favorable to dilute air pollutants, respectively. PM_2.5 intensifies in the winter but decreases in March and April. During these two months, the areas outside Bangkok tend to have higher PM_2.5 than within Bangkok, possibly linked to active summertime biomass burning in those areas that are less urbanized with more agricultural lands. Relatively high exposure intensity is constrained to Bangkok due likely to its much denser population. The findings indicate a significant potential for leveraging the Fengyun-4A satellite data and ML to advance space-based air quality monitoring for Thailand and other data-scare regions in Southeast Asia. A satellite-based PM_2.5 dataset could support the formulation of effective air quality management strategies in GBK.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139757102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}