Air Quality Atmosphere and Health最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in PM2.5 air pollutant in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia during the wintertime","authors":"Odbaatar Enkhjargal, Munkhnasan Lamchin, Xue Yi You, Jonathan Chambers, Davaagatan Tuyagerel, Renchinmyadag Tovuudorj, Zolzaya Khurelsukh, Enkhmaa Sarangerel, Nyamgerel Enkhtuya","doi":"10.1007/s11869-025-01705-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-025-01705-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"631 - 631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in PM2.5 air pollutant in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia during the wintertime","authors":"Odbaatar Enkhjargal,&nbsp;Munkhnasan Lamchin,&nbsp;Xue Yi You,&nbsp;Jonathan Chambers,&nbsp;Davaagatan Tuyagerel,&nbsp;Renchinmyadag Tovuudorj,&nbsp;Zolzaya Khurelsukh,&nbsp;Enkhmaa Sarangerel,&nbsp;Nyamgerel Enkhtuya","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01678-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01678-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent decades, fine particulate matter air pollution has increased due to coal combustion, resulting in detrimental effects on public health. This study aimed to assess the health risk associated with fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) using the US EPA risk assessment method and to determine which variable exerts a stronger influence. Eight heavy metals were measured from Ulaanbaatar city center and ger area within the scope of the project “Capacity development project for air pollution control in Ulaanbaatar Mongolia” funded by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency), and the processed results were disseminated. The concentration of heavy metals in the city center, from highest to lowest, were Cu &gt; Cr &gt; Mn &gt; Ni &gt; Zn &gt; Ba &gt; Pb &gt; Mo &gt; As, while in the ger area they were Cu &gt; Zn &gt; Mn &gt; Ni &gt; Cr &gt; Pb &gt; Ba &gt; As &gt; Mo. In both the city center and the ger area, 6 heavy metals, namely Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, As and Mo, had values of less than 1 and exhibited no non-carcinogenic effects. Among the two other heavy metals, Cr (VI) and Mn, values were higher than 1 and demonstrated non-carcinogenic effects. As Ni and Cr (VI) are considered carcinogenic heavy metals and their assessment results exceeded the safe level, this implies a potential risk for cancer.</p><p>In addition, Hazard Quotient has been calculated on each age groups, and among children under the age of 11, exposure to heavy metals is relatively higher than elder citizens, above the age of 11, HQ decreases gradually. Monte Carlo Simulation has been used for the probability distribution of Hazard Quotient (HQ), and its result showed that HQ is generally higher in the Ger area. Sensitivity coefficient analysis has resulted Exposure Time (h/d) affects more stronger than other variables.</p><p>This research concludes that heavy metals in PM2.5 pollution have carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk effects. Regarding spatial distribution, the Ger area exhibits a higher risk level, and with respect to age groups, children under the age of 11 are more exposed to heavy metals. Furthermore, this study suggests that limiting outdoor exposure to less than 30 min per day may mitigate health risks for individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"615 - 629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality and health risk assessment during Middle Eastern dust storms: a study of particulate matter","authors":"Rahma Al Nadhairi,&nbsp;Mohammed Al Kalbani,&nbsp;Suleiman Al Khazami,&nbsp;Mustafa Al Hashmi,&nbsp;Shamia Al Zadai,&nbsp;Yousef Al-Rumhi,&nbsp;Khalifa M. Al-Kindi","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01662-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01662-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluates the concentration levels of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ associated with a series of dust storm events in the Middle East during May 2022 (1–6 May, 15–17 May, and 24–27 May). A comprehensive dataset, including ERA5 reanalysis, ground air quality datasets, HYSPLIT trajectory model, and weather station observations, was utilized to identify the dynamic processes driving these dust storms. The findings reveal that the dust storms were triggered by a blocking ridge over Saudi Arabia separated by two deep troughs between north Africa and western Iran associated with a cut off low from the mid-latitudes fueled by tropical atmospheric rivers flow from Africa which enhanced unstable weather conditions over northern Arabian Peninsula. Particulate Matter (PM) concentration levels were evaluated at three Omani cities: Muscat in the north, Sur at the eastern tip, and Salalah in the south. The results indicated that dust storms affected PM₁₀ levels in all three cities, with a significant increase in PM_2.5 levels (25–80 µg m^-3) in Salalah. By using the HYSPLIT trajectory model, the study identified dust emission pathways originating from Iraq and the eastern Arabian Peninsula, propagating southward. Additionally, global satellite-gridded PM_2.5 estimates were used to analyze PM_2.5 concentration trends in Muscat, Sur, Duqm, and Salalah from 1998 to 2021, showing an upward trend. Annual PM_2.5 satellite concentrations of the year 2019 compared with and without dust and salt inclusions, indicating that mineral dusts are the primary source air pollution. Based on the satellite trend datasets of PM_2.5, the results indicate a significant upward increase trend in the Middle East. According to the satellite trend datasets of PM_2.5, and by using Mann-Kendall test and Thiel-Sen Salalah and Duqm have a significant upward trend compared to Muscat and Sur. Furthermore, Salalah and Duqm are found to have higher asthma rates than Muscat, due to the natural dust shield created by mountain ranges in northern Sultanate. The study concludes that PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations are significantly influenced by atmospheric conditions, topography of the area, and transport routes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"587 - 603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11869-024-01662-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal estimates and health risks of atmospheric trace metals across Hong Kong during 2016–2020","authors":"Wenwen Sun,&nbsp;Shenghua Zhang,&nbsp;Dongmei Cai,&nbsp;Liqiang Wang,&nbsp;Ji Jin,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Zhenghu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01663-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01663-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trace metals often pose great threats to human health. Although many previous studies have estimated the site-level or national trace metal concentrations in particles, the high-resolution trace metal exposures and health risks at the intra-urban scale still remained poorly understood. To mitigate the hazardous effect of airborne toxic metals, the multi-stage model was firstly developed to construct the long-term and high-resolution trace metal exposures across Hong Kong and to assess the potential health risks associated with these trace metals. The results suggested that the 10-fold cross-validation (CV) R² values of As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb, and Se reached 0.65, 0.63, 0.55, 0.64, 0.73, and 0.56, respectively. The higher R² value indicated the robustness of the ensemble model for trace metal prediction. At the spatial scale, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Se generally displayed the higher concentrations in the northern part of Hong Kong and gradually decreased from north to south. It was assumed that many energy-intensive industries were located on the northern part of Hong Kong. Moreover, some trace metals derived from industrial emission or power plants could be transported from Mainland China. However, the Fe level showed the higher levels in both of northern part of Hong Kong and Kowloon area. It was assumed that the higher Fe level was enriched in the vehicle brake pads. In addition, the simulated trace metals including As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb, and Se in PM₁₀ in Hong Kong displayed significant annual variations. As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Pb, and Se levels increased from 2.84 ± 0.17, 0.59 ± 0.04, 2.44 ± 0.13, 507 ± 39, 15.6 ± 1.11, and 0.45 ± 0.02 ng/m³ to 2.94 ± 0.17, 0.62 ± 0.04, 2.49 ± 0.14, 524 ± 41, 16.4 ± 1.10, and 0.47 ± 0.02 ng/m³ during 2016–2017, respectively. However, they suffered from gradual decreases to 2.35 ± 0.20, 0.53 ± 0.04, 2.22 ± 0.15, 474 ± 42, 13.5 ± 1.20, 0.42 ± 0.02 ng/m³ during 2017–2020, respectively. Our result could facilitate the local environmental management to decrease health risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"605 - 614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size-segregated bioaerosols concentration and characterization under diverse microenvironments","authors":"Yogesh Kumar Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Kirpa Ram,&nbsp;Mukunda M. Gogoi,&nbsp;Tirthankar Banerjee,&nbsp;R. S. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01658-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01658-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Scientific research on the concentration and size distribution of bioaerosols in diverse environmental conditions is recently being prioritized. Exposure to bioaerosols, especially through inhalation, is linked to many severe health complications. The inhalation of the bioaerosols is directly linked with the size as well as the nature of the bioaerosols. However, information related to the prevalence of bioaerosols is limited in India, constituting the basis for investigating variations in bacterial and fungal bioaerosol concentrations at various indoor sites. Several observational campaigns were initiated within diverse indoor sites, including cowshed, poultry, canteen, library, auditorium, laboratory, and hospital, using a six-stage viable impactor. Bacterial bioaerosols were more prevalent for size &gt; 7.0 μm and between 1.1 and 2.1 μm. In contrast, fungal concentration peaked in the size range of 1.1 to 3.3 μm. At all the sites, the concentration of bacterial bioaerosols exceeded fungal bioaerosols (2 to 12 times), while such variation was exceptionally high in the poultry firm (70 times higher). No significant correlation was noted between bacterial and fungal bioaerosol concentration and environmental factors. The diversity of bacteria and fungi bioaerosols was found to be different as it varied from site to site. However, species like <i>Acinetobacter</i> and <i>Bacillus sp.</i> in bacteria and <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i>, and <i>Cladosporium</i> in fungi were most prevalent. Some of the bioaerosols found in these sites are pathogenic in nature and may cause severe health issues (if found in significant amount). The predominance of bioaerosols is mostly within the breathable range (&lt; 3.3 μm) in diverse microenvironments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"521 - 535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of COVID-19 restrictions on urban air pollution levels in Jambi, Indonesia: insights into ultrafine particles and carbon components","authors":"Rizki Andre Handika,&nbsp;Muhammad Amin,&nbsp;Mitsuhiko Hata,&nbsp;Furuuchi Masami","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01661-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01661-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented global lockdowns, providing a unique opportunity to study the effects of reduced human activities on air pollution especially PMs. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on urban air pollution levels in Jambi, Indonesia, with a particular focus on ultrafine particles (UFPs or PM_0.1) and carbonaceous components. PM concentrations, including UFP, PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and TSP, were analyzed during the pandemic and compared with data before pandemic in 2018 and 2019. Our findings showed a significant reduction in PM levels during the pandemic. PM₁₀ levels exceeded WHO guidelines in only 10% of the measurements during the pandemic, compared to 62% before the pandemic. For PM_2.5, approximately 63% of the data met WHO standards during the pandemic, whereas all pre-pandemic measurements exceeded these guidelines. UFP concentrations in March and August 2021 decreased by over 50% and 58–68%, respectively, compared to pre-pandemic levels in August 2019. The study also revealed a substantial decrease in carbonaceous components, including organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). Soot-EC levels, primarily emitted from vehicle emissions, decreased significantly, highlighting the positive impact of reduced vehicular traffic and biomass burning during the lockdown. These results underscored the potential benefits of targeted emission reduction strategies on urban air quality. The COVID-19 restrictions led to marked improvements in air quality in Jambi, providing valuable insights for future air quality management policies aimed at achieving sustainable urban environments and improved public health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"575 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immission levels and identification of carbon monoxide sources in a latin American megacity: use of bivariate polar plots and k-means clustering","authors":"José Abel Espinoza-Guillen,&nbsp;Marleni Beatriz Alderete-Malpartida,&nbsp;Sadyth Jhocelú Bernabé-Meza,&nbsp;David Fernando Vargas-La Rosa,&nbsp;Jimmy Hans Cañari-Cancho","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01654-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01654-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The identification of the main air pollution sources becomes important in cities with rapid economic growth of developing countries in order to effectively prevent and control atmospheric pollution. In this research, carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations recorded during the period 2015–2019 at four air quality monitoring stations in the Metropolitan Area of Lima-Callao (MALC) were evaluated with the aim of determining the immission levels and identifying the main emission sources of this pollutant. Bivariate polar plots and the k-means algorithm were used to identify and classify areas with similar pollution characteristics, and the conditional bivariate probability function was used to identify potential zones where the largest contributions (≥ 75%) to air pollution in the study area originate. The average CO concentration ranged from 579.3 ± 3.8 µg/m³ to 1490.9 ± 4.2 µg/m³. On average, the hourly variation showed two peaks, one in the morning (0700–0900 h LT) and another in the evening (1900–2100 h LT). On a weekly basis, the lowest CO concentrations were observed on Sundays. The results showed that the major contributions of CO come from gaseous emissions of vehicular traffic of 2- and 3-wheeled motorcycles, cars, combi vans and station wagons on the main avenues and highways using gasoline/gasohol as the main fuel, followed by diesel, LPG and NGV. The trends and patterns identified in this study show the vehicular flow on these major roads and fuel type as the main sources of CO pollution. A complementary analysis of black carbon concentrations revealed that forest fires and regional CO transport would influence the concentrations of this pollutant in the MALC. These findings contribute to the understanding of decision-makers in establishing strategies for improving air quality in metropolitan megacities such as the MALC. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"485 - 506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tolerance and performance assessment of common subtropical vegetation growing along a highway for bio-monitoring and abatement of air pollution","authors":"Diksha Gupta,&nbsp;Bharti Sushil Kumar,&nbsp;Sreekanth Bojjagani,&nbsp; Anita,&nbsp;Vertika Shukla,&nbsp;Narendra Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01659-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01659-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Roadside vegetation is inevitably exposed to airborne pollutants and demonstrates a wide range of tolerance and sensitivity towards it. In the present study twenty indigenous plant species were screened for Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) and Anticipated Performance Index (API) by accessing their biochemical and socio-economic attributes for the development of green belts along highways as a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy for air pollution abatement. Simultaneously, ‘Criteria’ air pollutants; CO, SO₂, NO₂, O₃, Pb and Particulate matter were also analysed to assess biomonitoring potential of the species screened for APTI and API. Concentration of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in the ambient air were found beyond the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS, PM₁₀: 100 µg/m³ and PM_2.5: 10 µg/m³) and ranged between 36.43 and 288.6 and 24.32–184.23 µg/m³, respectively, whereas, SO₂, NO_x, O₃, Pb and CO were within the permissible limits (PL: 80, 80, 180, 1 µg/m³ and 04 mg/m³ respectively ranged between 8.41 and 19.37, 9.31–28.28, 0.06–41.95 and 0.01.0–0.106 µg/m³, and 0.19–1.77 mg/m³, respectively. The APTI and API values served as composite index of ecological health revealed that <i>Ficus religiosa</i>, <i>Alstonia scholaris</i>, <i>Cassia fistula</i>, <i>Azadirachta indica</i>, and <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> for which APTI values were found to be ≥ 17 indicating tolerance against adverse air quality and can be utilized in the development of green barrier along the highways, whereas, <i>Tecoma stans</i>,<i> Nerium oleander</i>,<i> Psidium guajava</i>,<i> Nyctanthes arbor-tristis</i>,<i> Ricinus communis</i>, and <i>Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</i>, displayed APTI values of less than 11, suggesting their potential use in biomonitoring of air pollution. Further, evaluation of Dust Capturing Potential (DCP) of different plant species revealed that species like <i>Platanus occidentalis</i>, <i>Mangifera indica</i>, and <i>Psidium guajava</i> are highly effective in capturing dust. This insight is crucial for urban areas where dust pollution is a significant concern. This dual approach which integrates APTI and API ensures that the selected plants are not only biologically capable of withstanding ambient pollution but also socio-economic viability for large-scale planting. The study identifies specific plant species that exhibit high tolerance to air pollution. These findings are therefore valuable for urban planners and environmentalists in quest to mitigate air pollution through natural based solution not only as physical barrier to pollutants but also ensures increased green cover in urban area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"537 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dust over Saudi Arabia from multisource data: case studies in winter and spring","authors":"Mazen E. Assiri,&nbsp;M. Nazrul Islam,&nbsp;Md Arfan Ali,&nbsp;Arjan O. Zamreeq,&nbsp;Ayman S. Ghulam,&nbsp;Muhammad Ismail","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01660-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01660-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the Arabian Peninsula, dust storms constitute a significant natural hazard, impacting the region’s climate, human health, and socio-economic development. This paper discusses the dust climatology based on multi-source data spanning the period 1980‒2023 over the Arabian Peninsula. Moreover, case studies of severe dust events during the winter and spring seasons are simulated using the WRF-Chem model. Climatic conditions related to dust events were obtained from observations. Model simulated climatic variables were evaluated against observations. A climatological study conducted over the study area found that dust aerosol levels were highest during spring and summer, although they were present every month. In the recent decade (2011‒2020), aerosol decreased at the rate of 0.103 (0.064) per decade obtained from Terra-MODIS (MERRA-2). Apart from these, the results of two severe dust events demonstrated that a drop in temperature and pressure, along with a sudden rise in wind speed and a temporary increase in humidity, characterize the onset of dust events. During the dust event, low temperatures continued, wind speed decreased, and pressure gradually increased. The WRF-Chem model simulates these basic synoptic characteristics of meteorological variables in both winter and spring. The dust wall was higher (300 hPa) in the spring case as compared to the winter (550 hPa) case. A denser dust concentration was observed in the winter case (5000 µg m⁻³) than in the spring case (2000 µg m⁻³). So far, this is the first analysis of such dust heights on walls in the region. A more thorough analysis of case studies is required, and the WRF-Chem model should be parameterized to forecast dust storms across the area to ensure sustainable socio-economic development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"555 - 573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The indoor-outdoor relationship of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from PM2.5 in Beijing during APEC","authors":"Yuxin Wang,&nbsp;Yangyang Xie","doi":"10.1007/s11869-024-01656-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11869-024-01656-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studies confirm that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM_2.5 elevate cancer risk. Recognized globally, the majority of exposure to outdoor particulate matter (PM) occurs indoors. Control measures such as traffic restrictions, industrial shutdowns, and designated holidays during the APEC summit significantly altered the concentration of PAHs in indoor and outdoor environments. The indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) ratio for total PAHs concentration is 0.540, while for equivalent toxicity concentration (ETC) and equivalent carcinogenic risk concentration (ECRC), the ratios are 0.552 and 0.549, respectively. In severe pollution, these ratios drop to 0.348 and 0.353. These results show that the containment structure effectively reduces PAHs, particularly in severe pollution conditions. The total average exposure concentration of the population during and after the control measures was 10.780 ng/m³ and 18.600 ng/m³, respectively. The results indicate that the control strategy effectively reduced the concentrations of PAHs indoors and outdoors during the meeting, providing a reference for controlling pollutant concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"461 - 470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}