美国马里兰州柯蒂斯湾煤炭出口码头附近社区风向、煤炭码头活动模式与空气污染负担的关系

IF 2.9 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Lauren N Deanes, Bonita D Salmerón, Matthew A Aubourg, Laura E Schmidt, Kristoffer Spicer, Caila Wagar, Gregory G Sawtell, Carlos C Sanchez-Gonzalez, David Jones, Angela Shaneyfelt, David H Hagan, David McClosky, Nicholas J Spada, Russell R Dickerson, Vivek Ravichandran, Sacoby M Wilson, Anik Burman, Abhirup Datta, Christopher D Heaney
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引用次数: 0

摘要

居住在马里兰州南巴尔的摩柯蒂斯湾露天煤炭码头附近的居民对他们社区的黑尘表示担忧。在这些暗尘中发现了煤颗粒,然而,煤码头活动与柯蒂斯湾空气污染之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定空气质量与风向变化和观测到的煤炭终端活动之间的关系。我们测量了颗粒物(PM1、PM2.5、PM10、总悬浮颗粒物)和黑碳(BC),同时测量了风向和可见的煤炭码头推土机活动(基于摄像头)在等效1分钟时间尺度上的变化。我们使用条件固定效应回归模型来评估当地空气污染与(1)风向和(2)煤堆上可见的推土机活动之间的关系。从2022年7月5日至7月16日,一个十节点空气监测网络收集了2121793 PM和360325 BC 1分钟记录。下风与非下风时,PM升高0.66 ~ 5.3 μg/m3 (p < 0.0001), BC升高0.11 μg/m3 (95% CI = 0.10, 0.12)。当推土机活动可见与不可见时,PM升高0.49 ~ 2.2 μg/m3 (p < 0.001), BC升高0.09 μg/m3 (95% CI = 0.08, 0.10)。推土机活动与空气污染物浓度之间的相关性是煤炭码头顺风处的2.0-2.8倍(所有p相互作用< 0.001)。当煤炭码头有顺风和推土机活动时,柯蒂斯湾的PM和BC空气污染更严重,两者同时发生时污染最高。缓解战略似乎有必要减少与柯蒂斯湾煤炭码头活动相关的PM和BC空气污染负担。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Relation of wind direction and coal terminal activity patterns with air pollution burden in a community bordering a coal export terminal, Curtis Bay, Maryland, USA.

Residents of Curtis Bay, South Baltimore, Maryland living near an open-air coal terminal have raised concerns about dark dust in their community. Coal particles have been detected in this dark dust, however, the relationship between coal terminal activity and air pollution in Curtis Bay remains unclear. This study aimed to determine how air quality varied in relation to changes in wind direction and observed coal terminal activity. We measured particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM10, total suspended particles) and black carbon (BC) concurrently with wind direction and visible coal terminal bulldozer activity (camera-based) at equivalent 1-minute time scales. We used conditional fixed-effects regression models to evaluate relationships between local air pollution and (1) wind direction and (2) visible bulldozer activity on coal piles. From July 5, 2022-July 16, 2023, a ten-node air monitoring network collected 2,121,793 PM and 360,325 BC 1-minute records. When downwind of the coal terminal versus not downwind, PM was 0.66 to 5.3 μg/m3 higher (p < 0.0001) and BC was 0.11 μg/m3 higher (95% CI = 0.10, 0.12). When bulldozer activity was visible versus not visible, PM was 0.49 to 2.2 μg/m3 higher (p < 0.001) and BC was 0.09 μg/m3 higher (95% CI = 0.08, 0.10). The associations between bulldozer activity and air pollutant concentrations were ~ 2.0-2.8 times higher downwind of the coal terminal versus not (all p-interaction < 0.001). PM and BC air pollution was greater in Curtis Bay when downwind of and when bulldozer activity was visible at the coal terminal, and highest when both occurred jointly. Mitigation strategies appear warranted to reduce PM and BC air pollution burden associated with coal terminal activities in Curtis Bay.

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来源期刊
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health
Air Quality Atmosphere and Health ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
2.00%
发文量
146
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health. It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes. International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements. This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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