Cytojournal最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology in the pathological natures of thyroid nodules: A retrospective study.","authors":"Guojing Xing, Wenting Tan","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_34_2024","DOIUrl":"10.25259/Cytojournal_34_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Thyroid nodules, a clinical disease with high incidence, include benign and malignant types. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC) in determining the pathological nature of thyroid nodules and to conduct an in-depth analysis of its diagnostic efficacy across nodules of varying sizes.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This retrospective study identified 116 patients undergoing thyroidectomy in Zibo Central hospital from January 2022 to March 2023, with 98 meeting the study's inclusion criteria. All patients received ultrasound and US-FNAC examinations before surgery to analyze the ultrasonic features of thyroid nodules. The diagnosis results of pathological natures obtained by US-FNAC were analyzed with the result of post-operative pathological examination as the gold standard. The patients were divided into four groups according to the median and quartile of nodular diameters to explore the diagnostic efficacy of US-FNAC for the pathological natures of thyroid nodules with various diameters and comprehensively evaluate its application value. The evaluation tool of diagnostic efficacy was the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 98 puncture nodules were evaluated, with a diameter of 0.8-5.2 cm. Post-operative pathological examination showed 10 (10.20%) benign and 88 (89.80%) malignant lesions. The ultrasound examination showed 14 (14.29%) benign and 84 (85.71%) suspected malignant lesions. The US-FNAC results showed 2 cases (2.04%) of type I, 9 cases (9.18%) of type II, 3 cases (3.06%) of type III, 29 cases (29.59%) of type IV, 39 cases (39.80%) of type V, and 16 cases (16.33%) of type VI, including 9 (9.18%) benign and 84 (85.72%) malignant lesions and 5 (5.10%) uncertain pathological natures. According to the median and quartile of nodular diameters, specifically, 1.90 (1.60, 2.30) cm, 93 nodules with decided pathological natures were divided into groups Q1 (<i>n</i> = 24, ≤1.6 cm), Q2 (<i>n</i> = 26, 1.7-1.9 cm), Q3 (<i>n</i> = 24, 2.0-2.3 cm), and Q4 (<i>n</i> = 19, >2.3 cm). The results of ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of US-FNAC diagnosis were 0.894, 98.80%, and 80.00%, respectively. The AUCs of US-FNAC in groups Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.978, 1.000, 0.977, and 0.971. The AUCs of Q1 group, Q2 group, Q3 group and Q4 group were all > 0.9, and US-FNAC had high diagnostic efficiency for the pathological properties of thyroid nodules with different diameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>US-FNAC has a high diagnostic efficiency for the pathological properties of thyroid nodules. Whether the nodule diameter has an effect on the accuracy of this method requires more clinical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of immunocytochemistry in diagnosing abdominopelvic washings from patients undergoing radical surgery for endometrial cancer.","authors":"Zhihua Lan, Jing Zhang, Fang Yang, Xin Ma, Rongfang He","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_10_2024","DOIUrl":"10.25259/Cytojournal_10_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the efficacy of immunocytochemistry in diagnosing abdominopelvic washings (APWs) and evaluate the superiority of cytology combined with immunocytochemistry over cytology alone.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data on APW cytology and available cell blocks from patients who underwent radical surgery for endometrial cancer between January 2021 and December 2022 were reviewed. Cytology was re-evaluated according to a five-tier system. Immunocytochemistry analysis for targets such as Sry box transcription factor 1(SOX17), Paired box gene 2 (Pax-2) protein, Phosphatase and tensin (PTEN), and β-catenin was performed on each case with non-negative cytology. Mismatch repair (MMR) protein and P53 immunocytochemistry analyses were performed using cell blocks from cases with abnormal MMR or P53 expression in their primary lesion. The accuracies of cytology combined with immunocytochemistry and cytology alone were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 126 patients were included in this study, 18 of whom demonstrated non-negative cytology of APW. Cell blocks were successfully prepared for 16 cases. SOX17 positivity was observed in 16 cases, including 1 of serous carcinoma, 1 of clear cell carcinoma, and 14 of endometrioid carcinoma (EC). Loss of Pax-2 and PTEN expression was observed in the APWs of the 14 patients with EC. MMR deficiency was noted in two patients with EC, and P53 mutation was noted in another two patients with EC. Compared with 10 metastatic carcinomas (10/18, 55.56%) diagnosed by cytology alone, 15 malignant APWs (15/18, 83.33%) were confirmed through combination cytology and immunocytochemistry. APWs were more likely to be observed in cases with more than half myometrial invasion than those with no or less than half myometrial invasion (<i>P</i> = 0.0067). The probability of malignant APW occurrence was slightly elevated in cases of EC exhibiting microcystic, elongated, and fragmented(MELF) infiltrative growth (<i>P</i> = 0.039).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SOX17 is a useful Müllerian marker for distinguishing endometrial epithelium in APW. Loss of Pax-2 and PTEN expression offers evidence of metastatic endometrial carcinoma. Furthermore, positive APWs retained molecular features similar to primary lesions. The use of multiple immunocytochemical markers can effectively enhance the diagnostic efficiency of APWs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of SHOX2 and RASSF1A gene methylation detection on the residual cytology material from endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration.","authors":"Zhihua Lan, Jing Zhang, Fang Yang, Xin Ma, Rongfang He","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_114_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/Cytojournal_114_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess the effectiveness of Short Stature Homeobox 2 (SHOX2) and RAS Association Domain Family 1 Isoform A (RASSF1A) gene methylation detection in residual liquid-based cytology (LBC) materials from Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a comprehensive diagnostic approach.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Between June 2022 and May 2023, a total of 110 cases that underwent EBUS-TBNA were enrolled in the study. SHOX2 and RASSF1A genes methylation detection using the residual cytological material, LBC, and cell block (CB) were conducted for each EBUS-TBNA case. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology, CB histopathology, SHOX2, and RASSF1A methylation in diagnosing EBUS-TBNA samples were determined based on follow-up data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 72 cases confirmed as pulmonary carcinomas, the methylation test yielded positive results in 24 adenocarcinoma cases, 10 squamous cell carcinoma cases, and 14 small cell carcinoma cases. The sensitivity of the comprehensive diagnosis (combining LBC, CB, and methylation detection) in distinguishing metastatic pulmonary epithelial malignancies in mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes or masses from benign lesions was higher (97.22%, 70/72) than that of morphological diagnosis alone (LBC and CB) (88.89%, 64/72; <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SHOX2 and RASSF1A methylation detection demonstrates a high sensitivity and negative predictive value in the identification of pulmonary epithelial malignancies and holds promise as a valuable ancillary approach to enhance morphological diagnosis of EBUS-TBNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Squash surprise in an elderly female.","authors":"Shruti Gupta, Suyash Singh, Niraj Kumari, Arvind Rajwanshi","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_94_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/Cytojournal_94_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of intraoperative imprint cytology of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer.","authors":"Priya Yadav, Sana Ahuja, Sufian Zaheer, Mukul Singh, Chintamani Chintamani","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_37_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/Cytojournal_37_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The most important determinant of patient outcome in cases of breast carcinoma is the regional lymph node status. Intraoperative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) allows the surgeon to perform axillary lymph node dissection in the same sitting if required. The commonly performed intraoperative methods for SLN evaluation are touch imprint cytology (TIC) and frozen section. The present study aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of TIC with histopathological diagnosis as gold standard.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The lymph nodes sent for intraoperative examination were bisected along the long axis and touched onto clean glass slides followed by Toluidine blue and rapid Papanicolaou staining. The imprints were reviewed and the interpretation was conveyed to the surgeon. Thereafter, the biopsy was fixed in 10% formalin followed by paraffin embedding with hematoxylin and eosin staining. The specificity, sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were evaluated with histopathological diagnosis as gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 60 patients who underwent resection surgery were included in the study. Majority (36.7%) of patients were in the age group 41-50 years with a mean age of 48.1 ± 10.6 years. There were 54 cases (90%) and 6 cases (10%) of invasive carcinoma of no special type (ductal) and lobular carcinoma, respectively. According to modified Bloom-Richardson scoring, the cases were categorized as Grade 1-6 cases (10%), Grade 2-36 (60%), and Grade 3-18 (30%). The sensitivity and specificity of TIC were 87.5% and 100%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of TIC in the diagnosis of metastasis in SLN was 90%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TIC is an easy-to-perform, cost-effective, rapid, and accurate technique for axillary lymph node evaluation, which also overcomes the need for a cryostat.</p>","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10858752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: Cytologic-histologic correlation study and evaluation of the cytologic accuracy in identifying high-grade dysplasia/invasive adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Serenella Serinelli, Kamal K Khurana","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_71_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/Cytojournal_71_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) may be associated with invasive adenocarcinoma, low-grade dysplasia (LGD), or high-grade dysplasia (HGD). We aimed to review the cytologic-histologic correlation of cases with a histologic diagnosis of IPMN.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A database search (January 2010-January 2021) was performed for resected IPMNs with preceding endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Cytology slides were reviewed for the presence of benign, atypical, or malignant cells, and necrosis. Histologically, IPMNs were classified as benign (LGD) or malignant (HGD or adenocarcinoma).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 41 patients with IPMN; 24 malignant and 17 benign. Sixteen of the 24 malignant IPMNs were accurately classified as malignant on cytology. There were eight false negatives and one false positive. Cytology yielded a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 94%. Among the 16 true positives with FNA diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, seven were IPMNs with HGD, and nine had invasive adenocarcinomas on histology. Cellular morphology and absence or presence of necrosis did not help distinguish HGD from adenocarcinoma on cytology (<i>P</i> > 0.5). Sampling errors and interpretative errors resulted in false-negative cases. Cytology yielded diagnoses related to IPMN in 73% of cases (30/41) and lack of identification of mucinous cells/mucinous background resulted in interpretative errors (9).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that there is a good correlation between cytopathology and surgical pathology diagnoses of IPMNs and that cytology is mostly able to recognize IPMN with HGD/adenocarcinoma. However, heterogeneity in areas of IPMN with HGD/adenocarcinoma may result in sampling errors yielding false-negative cases. Mucinous cells/background should raise the suspicion of IPMN on cytology, even when no neoplastic epithelium is present for the evaluation of dysplasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10858787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical epithelioid cells in pleural effusion as foreign second population: A diagnostic cytopathology dilemma.","authors":"Shengnan Zhao, Likun Hou, Wei Wu, Chunyan Wu","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_23_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/Cytojournal_23_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10858781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary art of cell-block preparation: Overview.","authors":"Samah Saharti","doi":"10.25259/Cytojournal_56_2023","DOIUrl":"10.25259/Cytojournal_56_2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell blocks (CBs) are paraffin-embedded versions of cytology specimens. These versions are contrasted with tissues made from surgical pathology specimens of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. CBs enable various elective ancillary studies of a range of specimens. These studies include the potential to perform molecular tests with the enhanced cytopathological interpretation. CBs are increasingly reported in cytology specimens. The enhanced role of CBs incorporates additives with new markers for immunohistochemistry (IHC), including the multicolored approach to IHC, and the subtractive coordinate immunoreactivity pattern. Even when archived material is retrospectively retrieved, CBs are a major tissue source for many supplementary studies. The CBs have been qualitatively and quantitatively improved. CBs are significant since they have increased molecular markers standardized on FFPE tissue. High-quality CBs can serve as useful additions to cytological smear preparations and touch imprint cytology. Most cytological specimens, such as fine-needle aspirations, cavitary effusion, washings, brushings, and gynecological and non-gynecological liquid specimens, may be used to produce CBs. This review deals with the CB-making process and discusses various historical limitations with an emphasis on recent advances.</p>","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"21 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10858773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139724681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatic tuberculosis – A common disease at a rare site diagnosed on cytology","authors":"Paruvathavarthini Thambiraj, Vijayalakshmi Gudivada, D. Gochhait, N. Siddaraju, Biju Pottakat","doi":"10.25259/cytojournal_33_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/cytojournal_33_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"51 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV-negative and high-grade finding in Pap cytology","authors":"Deepti Jain, Leana Elbashir, V. Shidham","doi":"10.25259/cytojournal_57_2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/cytojournal_57_2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49082,"journal":{"name":"Cytojournal","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}