Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of focused ultrasound on shearwave production in a hyperelastic media","authors":"Aniket Sabale,&nbsp;Mohd Suhail Rizvi,&nbsp;Viswanath Chinthapenta,&nbsp;Avinash Eranki","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01967-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01967-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Focused ultrasound (FUS) is an emerging noninvasive modality for treating various medical conditions. It encompasses both therapeutic and diagnostic applications, utilizing ultrasound waves at different intensities. In diagnostic modalities, ultrasound energy is deposited at the focus to generate acoustic radiation force (ARF), resulting in the generation of shear stress and waves, which are utilized in elastography to evaluate the mechanical properties of tissue. However, therapeutic modalities utilizing higher intensities may lead to elevated shear stress levels. The shear stress induced in the focal region during FUS procedures can potentially affect biological processes, such as cell membrane permeability and gene regulation. To better understand the mechanical stress generated during FUS procedures, we developed a finite element model (FEM) to simulate sonication using a single-element FUS transducer. We modeled soft tissue using a neo-Hookean hyperelastic constitutive behavior, offering a more realistic representation of tissue behavior compared to the linear elasticity assumptions commonly employed in ultrasound-based elastography techniques. Operational parameters were varied to simulate different acoustic powers of the transducer by applying mechanical surface pressure at various operating frequencies. The model depicted FUS wave propagation with amplified surface pressure at the focus, generating relevant focal pressures consistent with clinical setups. The focal beam size within the soft tissue material was characterized and exhibited dependency on the operating frequency of the transducer. As the FUS wave converged at the focus, an ARF was exerted, resulting in displacement and induced shear stress around the focal region, which were quantified. The displacement and shear stress that were analyzed were dependent on the applied transducer surface pressure. These findings deepen the understanding of the mechanics of low-intensity FUS and provide valuable insights into its shear-related effects due to displacement and deformation of the media.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 4","pages":"1279 - 1294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanobiochemical finite element model to analyze impact-loading-induced cell damage, subsequent proteoglycan loss, and anti-oxidative treatment effects in articular cartilage","authors":"Joonas P. Kosonen,&nbsp;Atte S. A. Eskelinen,&nbsp;Gustavo A. Orozco,&nbsp;Mitchell C. Coleman,&nbsp;Jessica E. Goetz,&nbsp;Donald D. Anderson,&nbsp;Alan J. Grodzinsky,&nbsp;Petri Tanska,&nbsp;Rami K. Korhonen","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01961-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01961-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Joint trauma often leads to articular cartilage degeneration and post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Pivotal determinants include trauma-induced excessive tissue strains that damage cartilage cells. As a downstream effect, these damaged cells can trigger cartilage degeneration via oxidative stress, cell death, and proteolytic tissue degeneration. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has emerged as an antioxidant capable of inhibiting oxidative stress, cell death, and cartilage degeneration post-impact. However, the temporal effects of NAC are not fully understood and remain difficult to assess solely by physical experiments. Thus, we developed a computational finite element analysis framework to simulate a drop-tower impact of cartilage in Abaqus, and subsequent oxidative stress-related cell damage, and NAC treatment upon cartilage proteoglycan content in Comsol Multiphysics, based on prior ex vivo experiments. Model results provide evidence that immediate NAC treatment can reduce proteoglycan loss by mitigating oxidative stress, cell death (improved proteoglycan biosynthesis), and enzymatic proteoglycan depletion. Our simulations also indicate that delayed NAC treatment may not inhibit cartilage proteoglycan loss despite reduced cell death after impact. These results enhance understanding of the temporal effects of impact-related cell damage and treatment that are critical for the development of effective treatments for PTOA. In the future, our modeling framework could increase understanding of time-dependent mechanisms of oxidative stress and downstream effects in injured cartilage and aid in developing better treatments to mitigate PTOA progression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 4","pages":"1191 - 1206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12246027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A computational framework for quantifying blood flow dynamics across myogenically-active cerebral arterial networks","authors":"Alberto Coccarelli,&nbsp;Ioannis Polydoros,&nbsp;Alex Drysdale,&nbsp;Osama F. Harraz,&nbsp;Chennakesava Kadapa","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01958-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01958-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cerebral autoregulation plays a key physiological role by limiting blood flow changes in the face of pressure fluctuations. Although the underlying vascular cellular processes are chemo-mechanically driven, estimating the associated haemodynamic forces in vivo remains extremely difficult and uncertain. In this work, we propose a novel computational methodology for evaluating the blood flow dynamics across networks of myogenically-active cerebral arteries, which can modulate their muscular tone to stabilize flow (and perfusion pressure) as well as to limit vascular intramural stress. The introduced framework integrates a continuum mechanics-based, biologically-motivated model of the rat vascular wall with 1D blood flow dynamics. We investigate the time dependency of the vascular wall response to pressure changes at both single vessel and network levels. The dynamical performance of the vessel wall mechanics model was validated against different pressure protocols and conditions (control and absence of extracellular <span>(hbox {Ca}^{2+})</span>). The robustness of the integrated fluid–structure interaction framework was assessed using different types of inlet signals and numerical settings in an idealized vascular network formed by a middle cerebral artery and its three generations. The proposed in-silico methodology aims to quantify how acute changes in upstream luminal pressure propagate and influence blood flow across a network of rat cerebral arteries. Weak coupling ensured accurate results with a lower computational cost for the vessel size and boundary conditions considered. To complete the analysis, we evaluated the effect of an upstream pressure surge on vascular network haemodynamics in the presence and absence of myogenic tone. This provided a clear quantitative picture of how pressure, flow and vascular constriction are re-distributed across each vessel generation upon inlet pressure changes. This work paves the way for future combined experimental-computational studies aiming to decipher cerebral autoregulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"1123 - 1140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on finite element modelling of finger and hand mechanical behaviour in haptic interactions","authors":"Gianmarco Cei,&nbsp;Alessio Artoni,&nbsp;Matteo Bianchi","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01943-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01943-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Touch perception largely depends on the mechanical properties of the soft tissues of the glabrous skin of fingers and hands. The correct modelling of the stress–strain state of these tissues during the interaction with external objects can provide insights on the exteroceptual mechanisms of human touch, offering design guidelines for artificial haptic systems. However, devising correct models of the finger and hand at contact is a challenging task, due to the biomechanical complexity of human skin. This work presents an overview of the use of Finite Element analysis for studying the stress–strain state in the glabrous skin of the hand, under different loading conditions. We summarize existing approaches for the design and validation of Finite Element models of the soft tissues of the human finger and hand, evaluating their capability to provide results that are valuable in understanding tactile perception. The goal of our work is to serve as a reference and provide guidelines for those approaching this modelling method for the study of human haptic perception.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"895 - 917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cellular-meso-macro three-scale approach captures remodelling of cancellous bone in health and disease","authors":"Areti Papastavrou,&nbsp;Peter Pivonka,&nbsp;Ina Schmidt,&nbsp;Paul Steinmann","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01948-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01948-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Remodelling of cancellous bone due to the combined activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts at the cellular scale has notable repercussions both at the meso (tissue) as well as the macro (organ) scale. At the meso scale, trabeculae adapt their geometry, typically in terms of their cross section, whereas the nominal bone density evolves at the macro scale, all in response to habitual mechanical loading and its perturbations. To capture this intricate scale coupling, we here propose a novel conceptual three-scale approach to the remodelling of cancellous bone. Therein, we combine a detailed bone cell population model at the cellular scale with an idealised trabecular truss network model with adaptive cross sections, that are driven by the cell population model, at the meso scale, which is eventually upscaled to a continuum bone density adaption model at the macro scale. Algorithmically, we solve the meso and macro problems concurrently within a finite element setting and update the cell activity in a staggered fashion. Our benchmark simulations demonstrate the applicability and effectivity of the three-scale approach to analyse bone remodelling in health and disease (here exemplified for the example of osteoporosis) with rich details, e.g. evolving anisotropy, resolved at each scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"975 - 998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical profiling of in vitro blood clots: sensitivity to sex, age, and blood composition in a healthy adult population","authors":"Grace N. Bechtel,&nbsp;Gabriella P. Sugerman,&nbsp;Tatum Eades,&nbsp;Layla Parast,&nbsp;Hamidreza Saber,&nbsp;Alicia Chang,&nbsp;Adam M. Bush,&nbsp;Manuel K. Rausch","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01954-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01954-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blood clots’ mechanical properties are important in both their physiological role and in the initiation and progression of thromboembolic diseases. Because studying blood clot properties in vivo is difficult, many prior studies have investigated the properties of in vitro clots instead. However, much remains to be understood about in vitro clots, especially those derived from human blood. For example, the association between subject-specific factors and clot mechanical properties is currently unknown. Our objective is to fill this knowledge gap and study the sensitivity of in vitro blood clots to subject-specific factors, including sex, age, and blood composition. We drew blood from healthy adults aged 19–46, coagulated clots into mechanical test specimens, and characterized their properties. Specifically, we quantified clot stiffness, fracture toughness, contractility, and hysteresis. We then quantified the relative dependence of those properties on subject-specific factors, including sex, age, and blood composition. We found that there is significant variation in clot properties within healthy subjects. Clots from female subjects’ blood are stiffer, more resistant to fracture, and show more hysteresis compared to clots from male subjects. However, we found no association between clot properties and age and only a weak association with clot composition, e.g., hematocrit. Finally, even together, sex, age, and blood composition only moderately explain the observed variability in clot mechanical properties. Our work therefore suggests that in vitro clots may capture relevant information not reflected in standard clinical data. Future studies should investigate in vitro clots’ potential as biomarkers for thrombotic risk and treatment response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"1073 - 1083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From structure to mechanics: exploring the role of axons and interconnections in anisotropic behavior of brain white matter","authors":"Fatemeh Atashgar,&nbsp;Mehdi Shafieian,&nbsp;Nabiollah Abolfathi","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01957-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01957-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>According to various experimental studies, the role of axons in the brain's white matter (WM) is still a subject of debate: Is the role of axons in brain white matter (WM) limited to their functional significance, or do they also play a pivotal mechanical role in defining its anisotropic behavior? Micromechanics and computational models provide valuable tools for scientists to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of tissue behavior, taking into account the contribution of microstructures. In this review, we delve into the consideration of strain level, strain rates, and injury threshold to determine when WM should be regarded as anisotropic, as well as when the assumption of isotropy can be deemed acceptable. Additionally, we emphasize the potential mechanical significance of interconnections between glial cells-axons and glial cells-vessels. Moreover, we elucidate the directionality of WM stiffness under various loading conditions and define the possible roles of microstructural components in each scenario. Ultimately, this review aims to shed light on the significant mechanical contributions of axons in conjunction with glial cells, paving the way for the development of future multiscale models capable of predicting injuries and facilitating the discovery of applicable treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"779 - 810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning the trabecular orientation of Voronoi-based scaffold to optimize the micro-environment for bone healing","authors":"Luca D’Andrea,&nbsp;Giorgio Goretti,&nbsp;Gianni Magrini,&nbsp;Pasquale Vena","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01953-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01953-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Voronoi tessellation is a powerful technique for designing random structures for bone tissue engineering applications. In this study, an innovative algorithm for scaffold design that controls trabecular orientation while maintaining an overall random architecture is presented. Morphological analyses and numerical models were employed to comprehensively characterize the scaffolds. The results indicate that the effective stiffness and permeability of the scaffolds are directly influenced by the trabecular orientation. In contrast, other parameters, such as porosity, trabecular thickness, trabecular spacing, and curvatures, can be kept constant with respect to the trabecular orientation. These findings, in conjunction with mechano-biological considerations, provide a robust design workflow to optimize the micro-environment for bone growth. This framework offers a valuable tool for selecting the most suitable scaffold architecture according to the specific external loads, thereby enhancing the efficacy and reliability of bone scaffolds in clinical applications. Through this approach, the aim is to improve the precision and outcomes of bone tissue engineering, contributing to the development of advanced therapeutic solutions for bone repair and regeneration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"1057 - 1071"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the predictions of CT-based subject-specific finite element models of human metastatic vertebrae with digital volume correlation measurements","authors":"Chiara Garavelli,&nbsp;Alessandra Aldieri,&nbsp;Marco Palanca,&nbsp;Enrico Dall’Ara,&nbsp;Marco Viceconti","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01950-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01950-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several conditions can increase the incidence of vertebral fragility fractures, including metastatic bone disease. Computational tools could help clinicians estimate the risk of vertebral fracture in these patients; however, comparison with in vitro data is mandatory before using them in clinical practice. Nine spine segments were tested under compression and imaged with micro-computed tomography (µCT). The displacement field was calculated for each vertebra using a global digital volume correlation (DVC) approach. Subject-specific homogenised finite element models of each vertebra were built from µCT images, applying experimentally matched boundary conditions at the endplates. Numerical and experimental displacements, reaction forces, and locations showing higher strain concentrations were eventually compared. Additionally, given that µCT cannot be performed in clinical settings, the outcomes of a µCT-based model were also compared to those of a model built from clinical CT scans of the same specimen. Good agreement between DVC and µCT-based FE displacements was found, both for healthy (<i>R</i>² = 0.69 ÷ 0.83, RMSE = 3 ÷ 22%, max error &lt; 45 μm) and metastatic (<i>R</i>² = 0.64 ÷ 0.93, RMSE = 5 ÷ 18%, max error &lt; 54 μm) vertebrae. Strong correlations were found between µCT-based and clinical CT-based FE model outcomes (<i>R</i>² = 0.99, RMSE &lt; 1.3%, max difference = 6 μm). Furthermore, the models qualitatively identified the most deformed regions identified with the experiments. In conclusion, the combination of experimental full-field technique and in-silico modelling enabled the development of a promising pipeline to validate bone strength predictors in the elastic range. Further improvements are needed to analyse vertebral post-yield behaviour better.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"1017 - 1030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional differences in biomechanical properties of the ascending aorta in aneurysmal and normal aortas","authors":"Sachin Peterson,&nbsp;Daniella Eliathamby,&nbsp;Hayley Yap,&nbsp;Malak Elbatarny,&nbsp;Vrushali Guruji,&nbsp;Rifat Islam,&nbsp;Maral Ouzounian,&nbsp;Craig A. Simmons,&nbsp;Jennifer Chung","doi":"10.1007/s10237-025-01941-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-025-01941-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To understand regional biomechanical differences within the healthy and aneurysmal ascending aorta.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Aortic tissue was collected from the inner (IC) and outer (OC) curvature of aneurysms excised during elective surgery (<i>n</i> = 102) and normal aortas from organ donors (<i>n</i> = 25). Biaxial tensile testing and peel testing were performed to derive a comprehensive set of biomechanical parameters.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In normal aortas, the OC exhibited greater energy loss, lower tangent modulus at low strain, and lower transition zone stress compared to the IC. In aneurysmal aortas, similar findings were observed. All IC and OC biomechanical parameters were linearly correlated in aneurysmal aortas, including delamination strength. Healthy and aneurysmal aortas exhibited similar degrees of difference between IC and OC for most biomechanical properties. Aneurysms with greater biomechanical differences between IC and OC trended toward being older (<i>p</i> = 0.096) with larger diameters (<i>p</i> = 0.051) compared to other aneurysms. Asymmetric bulging exhibited lower stiffness and transition zone stress in the OC, but no difference in delamination strength between regions.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Regional biomechanical differences exist in aneurysms of the ascending aorta to a similar extent as in healthy aortas. In aneurysms, biomechanical properties of the IC and OC regions were strongly linearly correlated, suggesting that the regional differences in ascending aortic biomechanics are less important than the large biomechanical variability that exists between patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"24 3","pages":"865 - 877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}