Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology最新文献

{"title":"Mathematical model of mechano-sensing and mechanically induced collective motility of cells on planar elastic substrates","authors":"Riham K. Ahmed,&nbsp;Tamer Abdalrahman,&nbsp;Neil H. Davies,&nbsp;Fred Vermolen,&nbsp;Thomas Franz","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01682-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01682-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cells mechanically interact with their environment to sense, for example, topography, elasticity and mechanical cues from other cells. Mechano-sensing has profound effects on cellular behaviour, including motility. The current study aims to develop a mathematical model of cellular mechano-sensing on planar elastic substrates and demonstrate the model’s predictive capabilities for the motility of individual cells in a colony. In the model, a cell is assumed to transmit an adhesion force, derived from a dynamic focal adhesion integrin density, that locally deforms a substrate, and to sense substrate deformation originating from neighbouring cells. The substrate deformation from multiple cells is expressed as total strain energy density with a spatially varying gradient. The magnitude and direction of the gradient at the cell location define the cell motion. Cell–substrate friction, partial motion randomness, and cell death and division are included. The substrate deformation by a single cell and the motility of two cells are presented for several substrate elasticities and thicknesses. The collective motility of 25 cells on a uniform substrate mimicking the closure of a circular wound of 200 µm is predicted for deterministic and random motion. Cell motility on substrates with varying elasticity and thickness is explored for four cells and 15 cells, the latter again mimicking wound closure. Wound closure by 45 cells is used to demonstrate the simulation of cell death and division during migration. The mathematical model can adequately simulate the mechanically induced collective cell motility on planar elastic substrates. The model is suitable for extension to other cell and substrates shapes and the inclusion of chemotactic cues, offering the potential to complement in vitro and in vivo studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"809 - 824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10237-022-01682-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4893376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separation of bacteria smaller than 4 µm from other blood components using insulator-based dielectrophoresis: numerical simulation approach","authors":"Farideh Salimian Rizi,&nbsp;Shahram Talebi,&nbsp;Mohammad K. D. Manshadi,&nbsp;Mehdi Mohammadi","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01683-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01683-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a life-threatening infection that causes more than 80,000 deaths and more than 500,000 infections annually in North America. The rapid diagnosis of infection reduces BSI mortality. We proposed bacterial enrichment and separation approach in the current work that may reduce culturing time and accelerate the diagnosis of infection. Over the last two decades, multiple separation methods have been developed, and among these methods, insulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is considered a powerful technique for separating biological particles. Bacterial separation in the blood is challenging due to the presence of other blood cells, such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. In the present study, a model is presented which is capable of blood cells separation and directing each cell to a specific outlet using continuous flows of particles with sizes larger than 8 µm, 8–4 µm, and smaller than 4 µm. Compared to other methods, such as filtration, the main advantage of this model is that particles larger than 8 µm are separated from the flow before other particles, which prevents the accumulation of particles in the channel. The outcomes of simulations demonstrated that the factors such as applied voltage and channel dimensions significantly affect the separation efficiency. If these values are properly selected (for example voltage of 70 V that was causing an electric field of 200 V/cm), the proposed model can completely (100%) separate particles larger than 8 µm and smaller than 4 µm (8–4 µm particles separation efficiency is 95%).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"825 - 836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4569531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid–structure interaction modeling of compliant aortic valves using the lattice Boltzmann CFD and FEM methods","authors":"Adi Morany,&nbsp;Karin Lavon,&nbsp;Ricardo Gomez Bardon,&nbsp;Brandon Kovarovic,&nbsp;Ashraf Hamdan,&nbsp;Danny Bluestein,&nbsp;Rami Haj-Ali","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01684-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01684-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been increasingly used as a stand-alone CFD solver in various biomechanical applications. This study proposes a new fluid–structure interaction (FSI) co-modeling framework for the hemodynamic-structural analysis of compliant aortic valves. Toward that goal, two commercial software packages are integrated using the lattice Boltzmann (LBM) and finite element (FE) methods. The suitability of the LBM-FE hemodynamic FSI is examined in modeling healthy tricuspid and bicuspid aortic valves (TAV and BAV), respectively. In addition, a multi-scale structural approach that has been employed explicitly recognizes the heterogeneous leaflet tissues and differentiates between the collagen fiber network (CFN) embedded within the elastin matrix of the leaflets. The CFN multi-scale tissue model is inspired by monitoring the distribution of the collagen in 15 porcine leaflets. Different simulations have been examined, and structural stresses and resulting hemodynamics are analyzed. We found that LBM-FE FSI approach can produce good predictions for the flow and structural behaviors of TAV and BAV and correlates well with those reported in the literature. The multi-scale heterogeneous CFN tissue structural model enhances our understanding of the mechanical roles of the CFN and the elastin matrix behaviors. The importance of LBM-FE FSI also emerges in its ability to resolve local hemodynamic and structural behaviors. In particular, the diastolic fluctuating velocity phenomenon near the leaflets is explicitly predicted, providing vital information on the flow transient nature. The full closure of the contacting leaflets in BAV is also demonstrated. Accordingly, good structural kinematics and deformations are captured for the entire cardiac cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"837 - 850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4418263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational modeling reveals inflammation-driven dilatation of the pulmonary autograft in aortic position","authors":"Lauranne Maes,&nbsp;Thibault Vervenne,&nbsp;Lucas Van Hoof,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. V. Jones,&nbsp;Filip Rega,&nbsp;Nele Famaey","doi":"10.1007/s10237-023-01694-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-023-01694-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pulmonary autograft in the Ross procedure, where the aortic valve is replaced by the patient’s own pulmonary valve, is prone to failure due to dilatation. This is likely caused by tissue degradation and maladaptation, triggered by the higher experienced mechanical loads in aortic position. In order to further grasp the causes of dilatation, this study presents a model for tissue growth and remodeling of the pulmonary autograft, using the homogenized constrained mixture theory and equations for immuno- and mechano-mediated mass turnover. The model outcomes, compared to experimental data from an animal model of the pulmonary autograft in aortic position, show that inflammation likely plays an important role in the mass turnover of the tissue constituents and therefore in the autograft dilatation over time. We show a better match and prediction of long-term outcomes assuming immuno-mediated mass turnover, and show that there is no linear correlation between the stress-state of the material and mass production. Therefore, not only mechanobiological homeostatic adaption should be taken into account in the development of growth and remodeling models for arterial tissue in similar applications, but also inflammatory processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 5","pages":"1555 - 1568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41080259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mechanics-based perspective on the function of the esophagogastric junction during functional luminal imaging probe manometry","authors":"Guy Elisha,&nbsp;Sourav Halder,&nbsp;Shashank Acharya,&nbsp;Dustin A. Carlson,&nbsp;Wenjun Kou,&nbsp;Peter J. Kahrilas,&nbsp;John E. Pandolfino,&nbsp;Neelesh A. Patankar","doi":"10.1007/s10237-023-01688-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-023-01688-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The esophagogastric junction (EGJ) is located at the distal end of the esophagus and acts as a valve allowing swallowed food to enter the stomach and preventing acid reflux. Irregular weakening or stiffening of the EGJ muscles results in changes to its opening and closing patterns which can progress into esophageal disorders. Therefore, understanding the physics of the opening and closing cycle of the EGJ can provide mechanistic insights into its function and can help identify the underlying conditions that cause its dysfunction. Using clinical functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) data, we plotted the pressure-cross-sectional area loops at the EGJ location and distinguished two major loop types—a pressure dominant loop and a tone dominant loop. In this study, we aimed to identify the key characteristics that define each loop type and determine what causes the inversion from one loop to another. To do so, the clinical observations are reproduced using 1D simulations of flow inside a FLIP device located in the esophagus, and the work done by the EGJ wall over time is calculated. This work is decomposed into active and passive components, which reveal the competing mechanisms that dictate the loop type. These mechanisms are esophageal stiffness, fluid viscosity, and the EGJ relaxation pattern.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"905 - 923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10237-023-01688-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4334986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous metal block based on topology optimization to treat distal femoral bone defect in total knee revision","authors":"Jiangbo Zhang,&nbsp;Aobo Zhang,&nbsp;Qing Han,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Mingyue Ma,&nbsp;Yongyue Li,&nbsp;Bingpeng Chen,&nbsp;Jincheng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10237-023-01692-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-023-01692-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal block augmentations are common solutions in treating bone defects of total knee revision. However, the stress shielding and poor osteointegration resulted from metal block application could not be neglected in bone defects restoration. In this study, a novel porous metal block was designed with topology optimization to improve biomechanical performance. The biomechanical difference of the topologically optimized block, solid Ti6Al4V block, and porous Ti6Al4V block in treating bone defects of total knee revision was compared by finite element analysis. The inhomogeneous femoral model was created according to the computed tomography data. Combined with porous structures, minimum compliance topology optimization subjected to the volume fraction constraint was utilized for the redesign of the metal block. The region of interest was defined as a 10 mm area of the distal femur beneath the contacting surface. The biomechanical performance of daily motions was investigated. The von Mises stress, the strain energy density of the region of interest, and the von Mises stress of metal blocks were recorded. The results were analyzed in SPSS. In terms of the region of interest, the maximum von Mises stress of the topological optimized group increased obviously, and its average stress was significantly higher than that of the other groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the topologically optimized block group had the highest maximum strain energy density of the three groups, and the lowest maximum stress of block was also found in this group. In this study, the stress shielding reduction and stress transfer capability were found obviously improved through topology optimization. Therefore, the topological optimized porous block is recommended in treating bone defects of total knee revision. Meanwhile, this study also provided a novel approach for mechanical optimization in block designing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"961 - 970"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10237-023-01692-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4966381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of anisotropic properties of CMR patient-specific left ventricle using the virtual field method","authors":"Mehdi Ghafarinatanzi,&nbsp;Delphine Perie","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01675-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01675-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Left ventricle (LV) myocardial dysfunction has been recently investigated using the estimation of isotropic myocardial stiffness from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, Myocardium is known to have a 3D complex geometry with anisotropic stiffness. The assessment of the anisotropy properties characterizes structural changes in myocardium as a consequence of heart failure (HF). From image data, the virtual field method (VFM) can determine material stiffness in a non-invasive manner. In the present work, the objective is to compare two inverse identification methods, given the isotropic and anisotropic models in the characterization of properties of myocardium in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors using VFM and MRI. Two types of VFM approach are presented. Using the first, the virtual displacements (VFs) allow whole-field LV to be imposed into VFM formulation and caused to directly estimate two independent parameters from isotropic constitutive relation. With the second, anisotropic parameters are estimated using piece-wise (Finite element-based) VFM. The resulting values showed significant differences between the subjects in comparative study of leukemia survivors, and variance in estimated parameters by two different VFM approach. This approach would be an efficient tool to characterize early cardiac dysfunction. This work elucidates the benefits and shortcomings of using VFM to determine anisotropic parameters of LV myocardium in linear elastic and of using the FEM application to generate meshes of patient-specific LVs from MRI images.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 2","pages":"695 - 710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5273138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural and mechanical insight into atherosclerotic plaques: an ex vivo DTI study to better assess plaque vulnerability","authors":"B. Tornifoglio,&nbsp;R. D. Johnston,&nbsp;A. J. Stone,&nbsp;C. Kerskens,&nbsp;C. Lally","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01671-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01671-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-invasive microstructural characterisation has the potential to determine the stability, or lack thereof, of atherosclerotic plaques and ultimately aid in better assessing plaques’ risk to rupture. If linked with mechanical characterisation using a clinically relevant imaging technique, mechanically sensitive rupture risk indicators could be possible. This study aims to provide this link–between a clinically relevant imaging technique and mechanical characterisation within human atherosclerotic plaques. Ex vivo diffusion tensor imaging, mechanical testing, and histological analysis were carried out on human carotid atherosclerotic plaques. DTI-derived tractography was found to yield significant mechanical insight into the mechanical properties of more stable and more vulnerable microstructures. Coupled with insights from digital image correlation and histology, specific failure characteristics of different microstructural arrangements furthered this finding. More circumferentially uniform microstructures failed at higher stresses and strains when compared to samples which had multiple microstructures, like those seen in a plaque cap. The novel findings in this study motivate diagnostic measures which use non-invasive characterisation of the underlying microstructure of plaques to determine their vulnerability to rupture.</p><h3>Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000 <figure><div><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></div></figure>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 5","pages":"1515 - 1530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10237-022-01671-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41079970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibrin fiber deformation mechanisms: insights from phenomenological modeling to molecular details","authors":"Nicholas Filla,&nbsp;Yiping Zhao,&nbsp;Xianqiao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01685-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01685-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The deformation mechanism of fibrin fibers has been a long-standing challenge to uncover due to the fiber’s complex structure and mechanical behaviors. In this paper, a phenomenological, bilinear, force-strain model is derived to accurately reproduce the fibrin fiber force-strain curve, and then, the phenomenological model is converted to a mechanistic model using empirical relationships developed from particle simulation data. The mechanistic model assumes that the initial linear fibrin fiber force-strain response is due to entropic extension of polypeptide chains, and the final linear response is due to enthalpic extension of protofibrils. This model is the first fibrin fiber tensile force-strain equation to simultaneously (1) reproduce the bilinear force-strain curve of fibrin fibers in tension; (2) explicitly include the number of protofibrils through the fibrin fiber cross section, persistence length of <span>(mathrm{alpha C})</span>-regions, and stiffness of fibrin protofibrils; and (3) make demonstrably reasonable/accurate predictions of fibrin fiber mechanics when tempered against experimental results. The model predicted that the count of protofibrils through the cross section for the analyzed fibrin fibers is between 207 and 421, the persistence length of <span>(alpha C)</span>-regions is <span>(sim 0.36 mathrm{nm})</span>, and the stiffness of protofibrils in a deforming fiber is <span>(sim 1.34 nN/mathrm{strain})</span>. The predicted <span>(alpha C)</span>-region persistence length is within the range typical of amino acid residue lengths <span>(0.34-0.4 mathrm{nm},)</span> and the predicted protofibril stiffness is shown to correspond to half-staggered protofibrils of unfolded fibrin monomers. Our analysis supports the proposition that entropic extension of <span>(alpha C)</span>-regions could be responsible for fibrin fiber’s initial force-strain stiffness and suggests a structural change in fibrin protofibrils during fibrin fiber deformation. The results from the model are compared to those from five candidate deformation mechanisms reported in the literature. Our work provides (1) strong quantitative support to a deformation mechanism that was previously supported by anecdote and qualitative argument, and (2) a model for rigorously analyzing fibrin fiber force-strain data and simulating fibrin fibers in tension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"851 - 869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10237-022-01685-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4678602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemocompatibility and hemodynamic comparison of two centrifugal LVADs: HVAD and HeartMate3","authors":"Antonio Gil,&nbsp;Roberto Navarro,&nbsp;Pedro Quintero,&nbsp;Andrea Mares","doi":"10.1007/s10237-022-01686-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10237-022-01686-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mechanical circulatory support using ventricular assist devices is a common technique for treating patients suffering from advanced heart failure. The latest generation of devices is characterized by centrifugal turbopumps which employ magnetic levitation bearings to ensure a gap clearance between moving and static parts. Despite the increasing use of these devices as a destination therapy, several long-term complications still exist regarding their hemocompatibility. The blood damage associated with different pump designs has been investigated profoundly in the literature, while the hemodynamic performance has been hardly considered. This work presents a novel comparison between the two main devices of the latest generation–HVAD and HM3–from both perspectives, hemodynamic performance and blood damage. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to model the considered LVADs, and computational results are compared to experimental measurements of pressure head to validate the model. Enhanced performance and hemocompatibility are detected for HM3 owing to its design incorporating more conventional blades and larger gap clearances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":489,"journal":{"name":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"871 - 883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10237-022-01686-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4681637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}