Journal of Synchrotron Radiation最新文献

{"title":"X-ray lens figure errors retrieved by deep learning from several beam intensity images.","authors":"Manuel Sanchez Del Rio, Rafael Celestre, Juan Reyes-Herrera","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524004958","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524004958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phase problem in the context of focusing synchrotron beams with X-ray lenses is addressed. The feasibility of retrieving the surface error of a lens system by using only the intensity of the propagated beam at several distances is demonstrated. A neural network, trained with a few thousand simulations using random errors, can predict accurately the lens error profile that accounts for all aberrations. It demonstrates the feasibility of routinely measuring the aberrations induced by an X-ray lens, or another optical system, using only a few intensity images.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1001-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing single-shot damage thresholds of boron carbide and silicon at the European XFEL.","authors":"Marziyeh Tavakkoly, Jaromir Chalupsky, Vera Hajkova, Wolfgang Hillert, Simon Jelinek, Libor Juha, Mikako Makita, Tommaso Mazza, Michael Meyer, Jacobo Montano, Harald Sinn, Vojtech Vozda, Maurizio Vannoni","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524007318","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524007318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Xray free-electron lasers (XFELs) enable experiments that would have been impractical or impossible at conventional X-ray laser facilities. Indeed, more XFEL facilities are being built and planned, with their aim to deliver larger pulse energies and higher peak brilliance. While seeking to increase the pulse power, it is quintessential to consider the maximum pulse fluence that a grazing-incidence FEL mirror can withstand. To address this issue, several studies were conducted on grazing-incidence damage by soft X-ray FEL pulses at the European XFEL facility. Boron carbide (B₄C) coatings on polished silicon substrate were investigated using 1 keV photon energy, similar to the X-ray mirrors currently installed at the soft X-ray beamlines (SASE3). The purpose of this study is to compare the damage threshold of B₄C and Si to determine the advantages, tolerance and limits of using B₄C coatings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1067-1070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of the treatment effect of FLASH radiotherapy with synchrotron radiation from the Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC).","authors":"Junyu Zhang, Xiangyu Wu, Pengyuan Qi, Jike Wang","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524006878","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524006878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC) in China can also work as an excellent powerful synchrotron light source, which can generate high-quality synchrotron radiation. This synchrotron radiation has potential advantages in the medical field as it has a broad spectrum, with energies ranging from visible light to X-rays used in conventional radiotherapy, up to several megaelectronvolts. FLASH radiotherapy is one of the most advanced radiotherapy modalities. It is a radiotherapy method that uses ultra-high dose rate irradiation to achieve the treatment dose in an instant; the ultra-high dose rate used is generally greater than 40 Gy s^-1, and this type of radiotherapy can protect normal tissues well. In this paper, the treatment effect of CEPC synchrotron radiation for FLASH radiotherapy was evaluated by simulation. First, a Geant4 simulation was used to build a synchrotron radiation radiotherapy beamline station, and then the dose rate that the CEPC can produce was calculated. A physicochemical model of radiotherapy response kinetics was then established, and a large number of radiotherapy experimental data were comprehensively used to fit and determine the functional relationship between the treatment effect, dose rate and dose. Finally, the macroscopic treatment effect of FLASH radiotherapy was predicted using CEPC synchrotron radiation through the dose rate and the above-mentioned functional relationship. The results show that the synchrotron radiation beam from the CEPC is one of the best beams for FLASH radiotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1189-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web-CONEXS: an inroad to theoretical X-ray absorption spectroscopy.","authors":"Joshua D Elliott, Victor Rogalev, Nigel Wilson, Mihai Duta, Christopher J Reynolds, Jacob Filik, Thomas J Penfold, Sofia Diaz-Moreno","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524005630","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524005630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate analysis of the rich information contained within X-ray spectra usually calls for detailed electronic structure theory simulations. However, density functional theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT and many-body perturbation theory calculations increasingly require the use of advanced codes running on high-performance computing (HPC) facilities. Consequently, many researchers who would like to augment their experimental work with such simulations are hampered by the compounding of nontrivial knowledge requirements, specialist training and significant time investment. To this end, we present Web-CONEXS, an intuitive graphical web application for democratizing electronic structure theory simulations. Web-CONEXS generates and submits simulation workflows for theoretical X-ray absorption and X-ray emission spectroscopy to a remote computing cluster. In the present form, Web-CONEXS interfaces with three software packages: ORCA, FDMNES and Quantum ESPRESSO, and an extensive materials database courtesy of the Materials Project API. These software packages have been selected to model diverse materials and properties. Web-CONEXS has been conceived with the novice user in mind; job submission is limited to a subset of simulation parameters. This ensures that much of the simulation complexity is lifted and preliminary theoretical results are generated faster. Web-CONEXS can be leveraged to support beam time proposals and serve as a platform for preliminary analysis of experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1276-1284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BEATS: BEAmline for synchrotron X-ray microTomography at SESAME.","authors":"Gianluca Iori, Mustafa Alzu'bi, Anas Abbadi, Yazeed Al Momani, Abdel Rahman Hasoneh, Pierre Van Vaerenbergh, Ivan Cudin, Jordi Marcos, Abdalla Ahmad, Anas Mohammad, Salman Matalgah, Ibrahim Foudeh, Mohammad Al Najdawi, Adel Amro, Abid Ur Rehman, Mohammad Abugharbiyeh, Rami Khrais, Amro Aljadaa, Mohammad Nour, Hussam Al Mohammad, Farouq Al Omari, Majeda Salama, María José García Fusté, Juan Reyes-Herrera, Christian Morawe, Maher Attal, Samira Kasaei, Charalambos Chrysostomou, Tomasz Kołodziej, Mateusz Boruchowski, Paweł Nowak, Jarosław Wiechecki, Anis Fatima, Andrea Ghigo, Adriana I Wawrzyniak, Kirsi Lorentz, Giorgio Paolucci, Frank Lehner, Michael Krisch, Marco Stampanoni, Alexander Rack, Axel Kaprolat, Andrea Lausi","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524005277","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524005277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ID10 beamline of the SESAME (Synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East) synchrotron light source in Jordan was inaugurated in June 2023 and is now open to scientific users. The beamline, which was designed and installed within the European Horizon 2020 project BEAmline for Tomography at SESAME (BEATS), provides full-field X-ray radiography and microtomography imaging with monochromatic or polychromatic X-rays up to photon energies of 100 keV. The photon source generated by a 2.9 T wavelength shifter with variable gap, and a double-multilayer monochromator system allow versatile application for experiments requiring either an X-ray beam with high intensity and flux, and/or a partially spatial coherent beam for phase-contrast applications. Sample manipulation and X-ray detection systems are designed to allow scanning samples with different size, weight and material, providing image voxel sizes from 13 µm down to 0.33 µm. A state-of-the-art computing infrastructure for data collection, three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction and data analysis allows the visualization and exploration of results online within a few seconds from the completion of a scan. Insights from 3D X-ray imaging are key to the investigation of specimens from archaeology and cultural heritage, biology and health sciences, materials science and engineering, earth, environmental sciences and more. Microtomography scans and preliminary results obtained at the beamline demonstrate that the new beamline ID10-BEATS expands significantly the range of scientific applications that can be targeted at SESAME.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1358-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diamond-silicon carbide composite Skeleton^® as a promising material for substrates of intense X-ray beam optics.","authors":"Alexey E Pestov, Aleksei Ya Lopatin, Petr V Volkov, Maria V Zorina, Andrei Yu Lukyanov, Ilya V Malyshev, Mikhail S Mikhailenko, Mikhail N Toropov, Daniil A Semikov, Aleksei K Chernyshev, Nikolay I Chkhalo, Pavel A Yunin, Egor I Glushkov, Sergey K Gordeev, Svetlana B Korchagina","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524006088","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524006088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper considers the possibility of using the diamond-silicon carbide composite Skeleton^® with a technological coating of polycrystalline silicon as a substrate for X-ray mirrors used with powerful synchrotron radiation sources (third+ and fourth generation). Samples were studied after polishing to provide the following surface parameters: root-mean-square flatness ≃ 50 nm, micro-roughness on the frame 2 µm × 2 µm σ ≃ 0.15 nm. The heat capacity, thermal conductivity and coefficient of linear thermal expansion were investigated. For comparison, a monocrystalline silicon sample was studied under the same conditions using the same methods. The value of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion turned out to be higher than that of monocrystalline silicon and amounted to 4.3 × 10^-6 K^-1, and the values of thermal conductivity (5.0 W cm^-1 K^-1) and heat capacity (1.2 J K^-1 g^-1) also exceeded the values for Si. Thermally induced deformations of both Skeleton^® and monocrystalline silicon samples under irradiation with a CO₂ laser beam have also been experimentally studied. Taking into account the obtained thermophysical constants, the calculation of thermally induced deformation under irradiation with hard (20 keV) X-rays showed almost three times less deformation of the Skeleton^® sample than of the monocrystalline silicon sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1179-1188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demonstration of full polarization control of soft X-ray pulses with Apple X undulators at SwissFEL using recoil ion momentum spectroscopy.","authors":"Christoph Kittel, Antoine Sarracini, Sven Augustin, Ningchen Yang, Andre Al Haddad, Eugenio Ferrari, Gregor Knopp, Jonas Knurr, Ana Sofia Morillo-Candas, Iwona Swiderska, Eduard Prat, Nicholas Sammut, Thomas Schmidt, Christoph Bostedt, Marco Calvi, Kirsten Schnorr","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524006325","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524006325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ability to freely control the polarization of X-rays enables measurement techniques relying on circular or linear dichroism, which have become indispensable tools for characterizing the properties of chiral molecules or magnetic structures. Therefore, the demand for polarization control in X-ray free-electron lasers is increasing to enable polarization-sensitive dynamical studies on ultrafast time scales. The soft X-ray branch Athos of SwissFEL was designed with the aim of providing freely adjustable and arbitrary polarization by building its undulator solely from modules of the novel Apple X type. In this paper, the magnetic model of the linear inclined and circular Apple X polarization schemes are studied. The polarization is characterized by measuring the angular electron emission distributions of helium for various polarizations using cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy. The generation of fully linear polarized light of arbitrary angle, as well as elliptical polarizations of varying degree, are demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1134-1145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the UV FEL single-shot damage threshold of an Au thin film.","authors":"Meiyi Wu, Qinming Li, Mingchang Wang, Qinghao Zhu, Jiandong Cai, Zhongmin Xu, Hao Zhou, Long Huang, Bingbing Zhang, Runze Qi, Zhe Zhang, Wenbin Li, Yinpeng Zhong, Weiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524005332","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524005332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The damage threshold of an Au-coated flat mirror, one of the reflective optics installed on the FEL-2 beamline of the Dalian Coherent Light Source, China, upon far-UV free-electron laser irradiation is evaluated. The surface of the coating is characterized by profilometer and optical microscope. A theoretical approach of the phenomenon is also presented, by application of conventional single-pulse damage threshold calculations, a one-dimensional thermal diffusion model, as well as finite-element analysis with ANSYS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1010-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and performance simulations of a soft X-ray and XUV split-and-delay unit at beamlines FL23/24 at FLASH2 for time-resolved two-color pump-probe experiments.","authors":"Matthias Dreimann, Frank Wahlert, Sebastian Roling, Rolf Treusch, Elke Plönjes, Helmut Zacharias","doi":"10.1107/S160057752400609X","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S160057752400609X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The split-and-delay unit (SDU) at FLASH2 will be upgraded to enable the simultaneous operation of two temporally, spatially and spectrally separated probe beams when the free-electron laser undulators are operated in a two-color scheme. By means of suitable thin filters and an optical grating beam path a wide range of combinations of photon energies in the spectral range from 150 eV to 780 eV can be chosen. In this paper, simulations of the spectral transmission and performance parameters of the filter technique are discussed, along with a monochromator with dispersion compensation presently under construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1168-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-angular-sensitivity X-ray phase-contrast microtomography of soft tissue through a two-directional beam-tracking synchrotron set-up.","authors":"Carlos Navarrete-León, P Stephen Patrick, Adam Doherty, Harry Allan, Silvia Cipiccia, Shashidhara Marathe, Kaz Wanelik, Michela Esposito, Charlotte K Hagen, Alessandro Olivo, Marco Endrizzi","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524005034","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524005034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two-directional beam-tracking (2DBT) is a method for phase-contrast imaging and tomography that uses an intensity modulator to structure the X-ray beam into an array of independent circular beamlets that are resolved by a high-resolution detector. It features isotropic spatial resolution, provides two-dimensional phase sensitivity, and enables the three-dimensional reconstructions of the refractive index decrement, δ, and the attenuation coefficient, μ. In this work, the angular sensitivity and the spatial resolution of 2DBT images in a synchrotron-based implementation is reported. In its best configuration, angular sensitivities of ∼20 nrad and spatial resolution of at least 6.25 µm in phase-contrast images were obtained. Exemplar application to the three-dimensional imaging of soft tissue samples, including a mouse liver and a decellularized porcine dermis, is also demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1293-1298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}