Taito Osaka, Yuichi Inubushi, Takashi Kameshima, Ichiro Inoue, Makina Yabashi
{"title":"Resolution enhancement on single-shot X-ray spectrometers using a detuned non-dispersive multi-crystal analyzer.","authors":"Taito Osaka, Yuichi Inubushi, Takashi Kameshima, Ichiro Inoue, Makina Yabashi","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525000505","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525000505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study proposes and demonstrates a simple method for improving the energy resolution in a single-shot X-ray spectrometer, which consists of a focusing mirror and a single-crystal analyzer. Two Si(220) channel-cut crystals arranged in a non-dispersive geometry are employed as the analyzer. The angular width of diffraction for the multi-crystal analyzer is reduced by detuning one of the crystals, thereby enhancing the energy resolution of the spectrometer while maintaining the energy range. A proof-of-principle experiment with 10.4 keV X-rays clearly shows a resolution enhancement by a factor of two. It was found that X-ray penetration within the crystals broadened the point-spread function on the detector, significantly impacting the energy resolution under highly detuned conditions. A long detector distance of greater than 14 m is expected to achieve a high energy resolution of 100 meV and a range of 80 eV, enabling full spectral characterization of X-ray free-electron laser radiation as well as advanced spectroscopy techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"288-293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New online beam intensity synchronous monitoring system in scanning transmission X-ray microscopy.","authors":"Yuchen Jiao, Xiangzhi Zhang, Zijian Xu, Zhen Yao, Tianxiao Sun, Yufei Zhang, Bo Zhao, Zhi Guo, Yong Wang, Xiangjun Zhen, Haigang Liu, Shasha Liang, Haitao Li, Xuanyu Zhao, Jian He, Renzhong Tai","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524012141","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524012141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) platform based on synchrotron radiation has achieved nanoscale imaging with chemical sensitivity using spectro-microscopy techniques. However, the quality of STXM imaging is affected by the stability of the beam intensity. The top-up operation mode of synchrotrons to maintain a constant electron beam intensity introduces periodic fluctuations in the X-ray beam intensity, leading to notable imaging noise that decreases both contrast and precision. To address this issue, a high-speed real-time beam intensity monitoring system was designed and implemented at the BL08U1A beamline of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. This system utilizes an yttrium-aluminium-garnet crystal along with dual detectors having an acquisition frequency of up to 1 MHz and a synchronization error of less than 20 ns between them. This system can precisely and synchronously monitor the X-ray beam intensity variations which are used to remove noise due to electron injection from STXM images, thereby markedly improving the quality of STXM imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"424-431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tilman Donath, Sofia Trampari, Lucas Wagner, Mads R V Jørgensen, Frederik H Gjørup, Stefano Checchia, Marco Di Michiel, Emmanuel Papillon, Gavin Vaughan
{"title":"Enhancing high-energy powder X-ray diffraction applications using a PILATUS4 CdTe detector.","authors":"Tilman Donath, Sofia Trampari, Lucas Wagner, Mads R V Jørgensen, Frederik H Gjørup, Stefano Checchia, Marco Di Michiel, Emmanuel Papillon, Gavin Vaughan","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525000566","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525000566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid photon counting detectors have significantly advanced synchrotron research. In particular, the introduction of large cadmium telluride-based detectors in 2015 enabled a whole new range of high-energy X-ray measurements. This article describes the specifications of the new PILATUS4 cadmium telluride detector and presents results from prototype testing for high-energy powder X-ray diffraction studies conducted at two synchrotrons. The experiments concern time-resolved in situ solid-state reactions at MAX IV (Sweden) and fast-scanning X-ray diffraction computed tomography of a battery cell at the ESRF (France). The detector's high quantum efficiency up to 100 keV, combined with a maximum frame rate of 4000 Hz, enables fast data collection. This study demonstrates how these capabilities contribute to improved time and spatial resolution in high-energy powder X-ray diffraction studies, facilitating advancements in materials, chemical and energy research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"378-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y Pulnova, T Parkman, B Angelov, I Baranova, A Zymaková, S Cipiccia, L Fardin, B A Yorke, R Antipenkov, D Peceli, O Hort, D D Mai, J Andreasson, J Nejdl
{"title":"Compact laser-driven plasma X-ray source for time-resolved diffraction, spectroscopy and imaging experiments at ELI Beamlines.","authors":"Y Pulnova, T Parkman, B Angelov, I Baranova, A Zymaková, S Cipiccia, L Fardin, B A Yorke, R Antipenkov, D Peceli, O Hort, D D Mai, J Andreasson, J Nejdl","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525000645","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525000645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, experimentally measured characteristics of a kilohertz laser-driven Cu plasma X-ray source that was recently commissioned at the ELI Beamlines facility are reported. The source can be driven either by an in-house developed high-contrast sub-20 fs near-infrared terawatt laser based on optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification technology or by a more conventional Ti:sapphire laser delivering 12 mJ and 45 fs pulses. The X-ray source parameters obtained with the two driving lasers are compared. A measured photon flux of the order up to 10<sup>12</sup> Kα photons s<sup>-1</sup> (4π)<sup>-1</sup> is reported. Furthermore, experimental platforms for ultrafast X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy based on the reported source are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"486-495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling undulators in ray tracing simulations.","authors":"Manuel Sanchez Del Rio, Juan Reyes-Herrera","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525000190","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525000190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce a model that can accurately simulate radiation from undulator sources for ray tracing applications. It incorporates several key effects relevant to fourth-generation synchrotron sources, such as electron emittance, energy spread, and diffraction-limited beam size. This code has been developed as part of SHADOW4, the latest version of the widely used SHADOW X-ray optics ray tracing program. The approach relies on calculating the field distribution in the far field, which determines the ray divergences. The integration of existing models for electron energy spread is also addressed. Rays sampled at the source follow a size distribution derived by backpropagating the far-field radiation. These models are detailed, and several examples are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"340-354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kuntal Chatterjee, Sang Jun Lee, Li Cheng Kao, Margaret D Doyle, Charles J Titus, Stephen R Leone, Junko Yano, Vittal K Yachandra, Philippe Wernet, Jan F Kern
{"title":"Probing soft X-ray induced photoreduction of a model Mn-complex at cryogenic conditions.","authors":"Kuntal Chatterjee, Sang Jun Lee, Li Cheng Kao, Margaret D Doyle, Charles J Titus, Stephen R Leone, Junko Yano, Vittal K Yachandra, Philippe Wernet, Jan F Kern","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524012189","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524012189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy of first row transition elements at their respective L-edges provides important information about the oxidation and spin states of the metal centers. However, the associated sample damage in radiation-sensitive samples substantially alters the electronic and chemical structures of redox-active metal centers. Here, we measure the soft X-ray spectrum of the model Mn<sup>III</sup>(acac)<sub>3</sub> complex containing a redox-active Mn<sup>III</sup> metal center in an octahedral environment with a superconducting transition-edge sensor detector. To reduce the secondary damage resulting primarily from the diffusion of radicals and electrons, the spectra are collected at 30 K and 80 K on solid samples. Starting from the first scan, we detect the contribution of X-ray induced sample damage leading to a change in the Mn<sup>II</sup> intensity. However, at low temperatures, particularly at 30 K, we do not observe a gradual increase in the radiation damage with successive scans with the X-ray beam at the same spot. At our estimated dose of 90 kGy, we find 62% of Mn<sup>III</sup>(acac)<sub>3</sub> is still intact at 30 K. However, at room temperature, we see a gradual increase in radiation damage with increasing numbers of scans at the same spot, which is consistent with the possibility of increased diffusion rates of secondary radicals and electrons as noted in other studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jangwoo Kim, HyoJung Hyun, Seonghan Kim, Sun Min Hwang, Myong Jin Kim, Dogeun Jang, Kyung Sook Kim, Jaeyong Shin, Sejin Kim, Junha Hwang, Sung Yun Lee, Eunyoung Park, Sangsoo Kim, Intae Eom, Changyong Song, Daewoong Nam
{"title":"Development of the Nanobeam X-ray Experiments instrument at PAL-XFEL.","authors":"Jangwoo Kim, HyoJung Hyun, Seonghan Kim, Sun Min Hwang, Myong Jin Kim, Dogeun Jang, Kyung Sook Kim, Jaeyong Shin, Sejin Kim, Junha Hwang, Sung Yun Lee, Eunyoung Park, Sangsoo Kim, Intae Eom, Changyong Song, Daewoong Nam","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525000426","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525000426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Nanobeam X-ray Experiments (NXE) instrument was developed and installed at the hard X-ray beamline of the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser. This instrument consists of a diagnostic system, focusing optics, an X-ray diffraction endstation and a femtosecond laser delivery system. The NXE instrument enables sophisticated X-ray experiments using nanofocused X-rays. At a 9.5 keV X-ray energy, the beam was successfully focused to 390 nm × 230 nm at the focal plane using Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors. Following the successful commissioning experiments in December 2021 and April 2022, the instrument became available for regular user experiments in January 2023. The first user experiment was conducted in January 2024. This article provides detailed information on the beamline optics, the NXE instrument, and its performance and capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"466-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compensation for the source drift of a free-electron laser beamline by adjusting the fixed-focus constant of the grating monochromator.","authors":"Chaofan Xue, Lian Xue, Yong Wang, Renzhong Tai","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524012116","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524012116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For large-scale free-electron laser facilities based on linear accelerators, the laser saturation point is not frequently fixed in the undulator, which will cause a longitudinal source point drift of the beamline. The longitudinal source point drift will cause an instability in the performance of the beamline, especially affecting the energy-resolving power of variable-line-spacing grating monochromators for soft X-ray beamlines. A method of adjusting the fixed-focus constant to compensate for this longitudinal source point drift is introduced in this work. Simulation results indicate that this method can effectively recover the energy-resolving power of the grating monochromator.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"275-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tadashi Togashi, Shigeki Owada, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Makina Yabashi
{"title":"Long-term timing stabilization for pump-probe experiments at SACLA.","authors":"Tadashi Togashi, Shigeki Owada, Toshinori Yabuuchi, Makina Yabashi","doi":"10.1107/S1600577524011974","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577524011974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have developed a timing control system to stabilize the long-term timing drift between X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) and optical laser pulses using an out-of-loop balanced optical-microwave phase detector and an arrival-timing monitor for pump-probe experiments at the SPring-8 Ångstrom Compact free-electron LAser (SACLA). The timing jitter and drift between the XFEL and the optical laser pulses have been reduced to less than 50 fs (RMS) over ∼49 h. The performance of the timing stabilization system was investigated by measuring the correlation of the long-term simultaneous timing monitoring on two branches of BL3 over 8 h. A linear correlation was observed with an RMS error of 8.6 fs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"269-274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-stage deep learning artifact reduction for parallel-beam computed tomography.","authors":"Jiayang Shi, Daniël M Pelt, K Joost Batenburg","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525000359","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525000359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computed tomography (CT) using synchrotron radiation is a powerful technique that, compared with laboratory CT techniques, boosts high spatial and temporal resolution while also providing access to a range of contrast-formation mechanisms. The acquired projection data are typically processed by a computational pipeline composed of multiple stages. Artifacts introduced during data acquisition can propagate through the pipeline and degrade image quality in the reconstructed images. Recently, deep learning has shown significant promise in enhancing image quality for images representing scientific data. This success has driven increasing adoption of deep learning techniques in CT imaging. Various approaches have been proposed to incorporate deep learning into computational pipelines, but each has limitations in addressing artifacts effectively and efficiently in synchrotron CT, either in properly addressing the specific artifacts or in computational efficiency. Recognizing these challenges, we introduce a novel method that incorporates separate deep learning models at each stage of the tomography pipeline - projection, sinogram and reconstruction - to address specific artifacts locally in a data-driven way. Our approach includes bypass connections that feed both the outputs from previous stages and raw data to subsequent stages, minimizing the risk of error propagation. Extensive evaluations on both simulated and real-world datasets illustrate that our approach effectively reduces artifacts and outperforms comparison methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"442-456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}