Journal of Synchrotron Radiation最新文献

{"title":"A versatile framework for attitude tuning of beamlines at light source facilities.","authors":"Peng Cheng Li, Xiao Xue Bi, Zhen Zhang, Xiao Bao Deng, Chun Li, Li Wen Wang, Gong Fa Liu, Yi Zhang, Ai Yu Zhou, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525003960","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525003960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aside from regular beamline experiments at light sources, the preparation steps before these experiments are also worthy of systematic consideration in terms of automation; a representative category in these steps is attitude tuning, which typically appears in contexts like beam focusing, sample alignment etc. With the goal of saving time and human effort in both writing and using such code, a Mamba-based attitude-tuning framework is created. It supports flexible input/output ports, easy integration of diverse evaluation functions and free selection of optimization algorithms. With the help of Mamba's infrastructure, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies can also be readily integrated. The tuning of a polycapillary lens and of an X-ray emission spectrometer are given as examples for the general use of this framework, featuring powerful command-line interfaces (CLIs) and friendly graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that allow comfortable human-in-the-loop control. The tuning of a Raman spectrometer demonstrates more specialized use of the framework with customized optimization algorithms. With similar applications in mind, this framework is estimated to be capable of fulfilling most attitude-tuning needs. Also reported is a virtual-beamline mechanism based on easily customisable simulated detectors and motors, which facilitates both testing for developers and training for users, as well as the encapsulation of digital twins.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"924-933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyper-resolution in X-ray emission spectroscopy: integrating extended-range high energy resolution fluorescence detection and multiple-crystal spectrometry with advanced binary data splicing.","authors":"Ramesh Rijal, Jack Stephens, Daniel Sier, Nicholas T T Tran, Truong V B Nguyen, Jonathan W Dean, Pierce Bowman, Minh Dao, Paul Di Pasquale, Tony Kirk, Chanh Q Tran, Shusaku Hayama, Matteo Aramini, Nitya Ramanan, Sofia Diaz-Moreno, Christopher T Chantler","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525004084","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525004084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study of manganese (Mn, Z = 25) introduces a novel combination of extended-range high energy resolution fluorescence detection (XR-HERFD), multiple-crystal spectrometers and advanced binary data splicing techniques to address challenges in X-ray emission spectroscopy. XR-HERFD enhances spectral precision by utilizing high-resolution crystal analysers and optimized detector configurations. The systematic application of these methods using multiple Bragg crystal analysers at Diamond Light Source has led to substantial improvements in data quality. Simultaneously, advanced binary data splicing integrates multiple datasets to correct distortions and improve resolution, resulting in sharper spectral features. Our results show a significant increase in peak counts and a notable reduction in full width at half-maximum (FWHM), with peak amplitudes increasing by 83% and resolution improving by 46%. These developments provide greater detail for X-ray absorption or emission spectra, offering valuable insights into complex materials, and permitting advances and breakthroughs in atomic relativistic quantum mechanics, chemical sensitivity of atomic transitions and modelling of solid-state effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"994-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal of a vertically polarized superconducting multipole wiggler using Nb₃Sn coils.","authors":"Hirotoshi Saito, Kimichika Tsuchiya, Chikaori Mitsuda, Kentaro Harada, Yoshito Shimosaki, Takashi Obina","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525004382","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525004382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose a vertically polarized superconducting multipole wiggler (V-SC-MPW) that enables the use of vertically polarized hard X-rays with minimal impact on beam quality. Vertical polarization facilitates unique experimental setups by allowing horizontal arrangement of optical equipment, which is difficult to realize with horizontally polarized X-rays. However, significant emittance growth has prevented the adoption of such vertically polarized, high-field devices in third-generation light sources. To address this challenge, the V-SC-MPW employs a short-period design. By utilizing Nb₃Sn superconducting wires, which have a critical current density approximately 10 times higher than that of conventional NbTi, the period length can be shortened while maintaining the required magnetic field, thereby reducing the beam orbit amplitude and the resulting emittance growth. A case study that considers the introduction of the V-SC-MPW into PF-HLS, a future light source planned at KEK, shows that, with a horizontal magnetic gap of 30 mm, a design featuring a peak magnetic field of 2.44 T, a period length of 85 mm and an orbit amplitude of 54 µm at a beam energy of 2.5 GeV is feasible. This seven-period V-SC-MPW, assumed to be installed in a non-achromatic straight section of PF-HLS, is estimated to result in emittance growths of 15.6 pm rad horizontally and 1.0 pm rad vertically. These minimal impacts indicate that the short-period V-SC-MPW is a promising insertion device for utilizing vertically polarized hard X-rays in modern low-emittance rings with intermediate beam energies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"934-941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing resolution with the extended image restoration method: strain field energy and correlation length analysis in Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging.","authors":"Kyuseok Yun, Sungwook Choi, Hyunjung Kim","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525002942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525002942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding atomic-level imperfections is crucial in various technological applications. Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (BCDI) enables non-destructive, three-dimensional imaging of those materials under in situ and operando conditions but has limited spatial resolution. This limitation hinders accurate calculations of physical quantities, e.g. strain field energy and strain correlation lengths. In this study, we introduce the extended image restoration (ExImRes) method, which infers enhanced resolution images based primarily on the process of averaging and combining multiple datasets obtained by restricting the original measured datasets through binning or cropping. We apply ExImRes to two nanocrystal examples-a chiral gold nanoparticle and a platinum nanoparticle-with an improved spatial resolution that allowed us to obtain precise calculation results of strain field energy and the correlation lengths of atomic deformations. The enhanced images reveal detailed lattice-scale information previously inaccessible through traditional BCDI methods. Our findings advance ExImRes to obtain high-resolution analysis in imaging techniques that involve reciprocal to real space transformations and understand underlying phenomena in materials science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":"32 Pt 3","pages":"743-749"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global cross-database search system for X-ray absorption spectra.","authors":"Masashi Ishii, Asahiko Matsuda, Koichi Sakamoto, Shohei Yamashita, Yasuhiro Niwa, Yasuhiro Inada","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525002206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525002206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the importance of a systematic overview of scientific data and demands toward data integration are increasing, data capitalization and confidentiality are also emerging competitively. X-ray absorption spectroscopy has a strong tradition of data sharing, as cross-referencing data enhances the detailed understanding of the obtained spectra. While physically integrating databases in various formats is impractical, a system has been successfully developed that allows cross-searching among Japanese, USA and European databases in cyberspace. This achievement is made possible through the realization of `vocabulary unification' and `knowledge unification' on a global scale, implemented in publicly accessible endpoints. This paper provides a summary of the concepts of terminology, ontology and semantics for X-ray spectroscopy behind this system, and presents a pilot case study along with future directions for data integration in synchrotron radiation science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":"32 Pt 3","pages":"661-668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning for orbit steering in the presence of nonlinearities.","authors":"Simona Bettoni, Jonas Kallestrup, Güney Erin Tekin, Michael Böge, Romana Boiger","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525002334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525002334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circular particle accelerators require precise beam orbit correction to maintain the beam's trajectory close to the ideal `golden orbit', which is centered within all magnetic elements of the ring, except for slight deviations due to installed experiments. Traditionally, this correction is achieved using methodologies based on the response matrix (RM). The RM elements remain constant when the accelerator's lattice includes solely linear elements or when a linear approximation is valid for small perturbations, allowing for the calculation of corrector strengths to steer the beam. However, most circular accelerators contain nonlinear magnets, leading to variations in RM elements when the beam experiences large perturbations, rendering traditional methods less effective and necessitating multiple iterations for convergence. To address these challenges, a machine learning (ML)-based approach is explored for beam orbit correction. This approach, applied to synchrotron SLS 2.0 under construction at the Paul Scherrer Institut, is evaluated against and in combination with the standard RM-based method under various conditions. A possible limitation of ML for this application is the potential change in the dimensionality of the ML model after optimization, which could affect performance. A solution to this issue is proposed, improving the robustness and appeal of the ML-based method for efficient beam orbit steering.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":"32 Pt 3","pages":"609-621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the optimal choice of attenuation filters and propagation distance for polychromatic phase-contrast micro-computed tomography of a multi-material electromotor using synchrotron radiation.","authors":"Matthias Diez, Simon Zabler","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525002814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525002814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing phase-contrast micro-computed tomography (µCT) for a given object is not trivial if the radiation is polychromatic and the object multi-material. This study demonstrates how an optimal combination of propagation distance and mean energy (set by attenuation filters) may be derived for such an object (an electromotor scanned on beamline BM18 at ESRF in Grenoble, France). In addition to appropriate image quality metrics, it is mandatory to define a task. In that respect, raising E_mean from 100 keV to 164 keV mitigates beam hardening by metal parts, yet raising E_mean further to 230 keV deteriorates CNR² (where CNR is contrast-to-noise ratio) due to higher image noise. Propagation distances between d = 2 m and 25.3 m are evaluated crosswise with energy. While longer propagation distances generally yield higher CNR², shorter distances appear favorable when discerning plastic near metal parts. SNR² (where SNR is signal-to-noise ratio) power spectra and modulation transfer (MTF) are evaluated independently from two-dimensional projections supporting volume image analysis for which image sharpness depends strongly on the digital filters (Paganin and Wiener) which are applied along with filtered back-projection. In summary, optimizing synchrotron µCT scans remains a very complex task which differs from object to object. A physically accurate model of the complete imaging process may not only allow for optimization by simulation but also ideally improve CT image reconstruction in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":"32 Pt 3","pages":"731-742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution X-ray scanning with a diffuse Huffman-patterned probe to reduce radiation damage.","authors":"Alaleh Aminzadeh, Andrew M Kingston, Lindon Roberts, David M Paganin, Timothy C Petersen, Imants D Svalbe","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525002127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525002127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scanning objects with a tightly focused beam (of photons or electrons for example) can provide high-resolution images. However, rapid deposition of energy into a small area can damage tissues in organic samples or may rearrange the chemical structure or physical properties of inorganic materials. Scanning an object with a broad, or diffuse, beam can deliver an equivalent probe energy but spread it over a much wider footprint. However, typically the imaging resolution is proportional to the probe diameter and a diffuse probe sacrifices resolution. Here we propose a method to achieve `high resolution' imaging (in the sense that resolution is smaller than the probe diameter) using a diffuse probe. We achieve this by encoding a pattern onto the probe and employing a decoding step to recover a tight delta-like impulse response. Huffman sequences, by design, have the optimal delta-like autocorrelation for aperiodic (non-cyclic) convolution and are well conditioned. Here we adapt 1D Huffman sequences to design 2D Huffman-like discrete arrays as diffuse imaging probes that have spatially broad, relatively thin, uniform intensity profiles and have excellent aperiodic autocorrelation metrics. Examples of broad shaped diffuse beams were developed for the case of X-ray imaging. A variety of masks were fabricated by the deposition of finely structured layers of tantalum on a silicon oxide wafer. The layers form a pattern of discrete pixels that modify the shape of an incident uniform beam of low-energy X-rays as it passes through the mask. The intensity profiles of the X-ray beams after transmission through these masks were validated, first by acquiring direct-detector X-ray images of the masks, and second by raster scanning a pinhole over each mask pattern, pixel-by-pixel, collecting `bucket' signals as applied in traditional ghost imaging. The masks were then used to raster scan the shaped X-ray beam over several simple binary and `gray' test objects, again producing bucket signals, from which sharp reconstructed object images were obtained by deconvolving their bucket images.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":"32 Pt 3","pages":"700-717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The OÆSE endstation at BESSY II: operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy for energy materials.","authors":"Raul Garcia-Diez, Johannes Frisch, Marianne van der Merwe, Romualdus Enggar Wibowo, Mihaela Gorgoi, Elmar Kataev, Catalina E Jimenez, Mauricio D Arce, William Smith, Wilson Quevedo-Garzon, Regan G Wilks, Dirk Wallacher, Leonhard J Reinschlüssel, Gülen C Tok, Hubert A Gasteiger, Marcus Bär","doi":"10.1107/S160057752500116X","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S160057752500116X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The investigation of a wide range of energy materials under relevant operation conditions, allowing for real-time investigations of the (electro)chemical mechanisms governing the performance of related applications, is enabled by the new Operando Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy at EMIL (OÆSE) endstation in the Energy Materials In-situ Laboratory Berlin (EMIL) at the BESSY II synchrotron facility in Berlin, Germany. Currently primarily used for X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies, the OÆSE endstation utilizes the undulator-based two-colour EMIL beamline (covering an energy range between 80 and 10000 eV) to enable soft, tender, and hard XAS. In this work, the setup, along with operando sample environments tailored to address specific questions, is described, emphasizing its modularity and adaptability, and detailing specific strategies to minimize undesired radiation-induced effects caused by the high brilliance of the EMIL beamline. The in situ growth of electrodeposited copper monitored by soft and hard XAS, at the Cu L₃ edge (sXAS) and Cu K edge (hXAS), respectively, is used as a proof-of-concept experiment, showcasing the capabilities of the OÆSE endstation as a versatile tool for comprehensive in situ/operando studies of energy materials under relevant conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"634-648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultimate brightness of a medium-energy synchrotron light source at operational beam intensity.","authors":"Victor Smaluk, Timur Shaftan, Dean Hidas","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525002723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525002723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synchrotron light sources are key instruments of modern science, providing unique opportunities for groundbreaking studies in diverse scientific disciplines and driving innovation in numerous scientific and technological fields. Fourth-generation light sources provide unprecedented capabilities in imaging, spectroscopy and diffraction techniques. Ultimate brightness is the key to advancing to a smaller scale, faster response, and higher data measurement and processing rate. The brightness is primarily determined by the electron beam emittance and energy spread at operational intensity. A common feature of fourth-generation synchrotrons is the short length of the electron bunches combined with a very small transverse beam size. Consequently, the high particle density leads to strong collective effects that significantly increase the emittance and limit the achievable brightness at operational beam intensity. In this article, we summarize our studies of the emittance and brightness scaled with the beam energy and intensity, taking into account the effects of intrabeam scattering, beam-impedance interaction and bunch lengthening provided by higher-harmonic RF systems to identify optimal combinations of machine and beam parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":"32 Pt 3","pages":"595-604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12067340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}