Journal of Synchrotron Radiation最新文献

{"title":"Diamond compound refractive lenses for high-energy dark field X-ray microscopy.","authors":"S Staeck, C Yildirim, F Seiboth, T Manning, T Roth, J C Stinville, C Detlefs","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526009859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526009859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are a type of X-ray optics that find widespread applications as focusing and imaging lenses. The choice of material is one of the most defining properties of these lenses. In this work, we present a CRL made out of diamond. It provides an advantageous balance between refractivity and absorption, along with good manufacturability. Compared with Be CRLs, it features a higher optical density and thus enables application at higher photon energies without relying on large lens stacks or very small radii of curvature, which are challenging to manufacture. A diamond CRL is characterized for use as an objective for dark-field X-ray microscopy (DFXM) at the ID03 beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and compared with Al and Be CRLs at 17 keV, 33 keV and 37 keV. Increasing the photon energy in DFXM from 17 keV up to 37 keV opens up the possibility to investigate new sample systems that were previously opaque to low-energy X-ray radiation. The capability of the diamond CRL at 33 keV is illustrated through DFXM measurements on two 0.5 mm-thick iron-based samples, which cannot be probed at 17 keV.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149301361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-cost 3D printed resin cell for multimodal X-ray characterization of bio-cementation between two particles.","authors":"Marilyn Sarkis, Carsten Detlefs, Michela La Bella, Antoine Naillon, Christian Geindreau, Fabrice Emeriault, Yves Watier, James A D Ball, Can Yildirim","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526009914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526009914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the design and operation of a low-cost 3D printed resin flow cell for the study of bio-cementation between two aligned particles in contact. The cell supports multimodal synchrotron X-ray characterization of the same interparticle contact, combining 3D X-ray diffraction modalities including scanning 3D X-ray diffraction, X-ray computed tomography and darkfield X-ray microscopy across multiple beamlines at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Its geometry allows calcite crystals precipitated at the particle contact to be unambiguously distinguished from those nucleated on the cell walls during both indexing and crystal selection. The platform is demonstrated on glass beads and S30 sand grains cemented over successive cycles under varying NaCl concentrations, resolving the morphology and orientation of individual calcite crystals from the grain scale down to the intragranular scale. Practical limitations of the current design are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149301369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and performance of the millisecond-to-second QXAFS platform at SSRF BL11B for in situ dynamic characterization.","authors":"Yu Chen, Yu Li, Qian Gao, Tao Gan, Shuo Zhang, Jiong Li","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526009781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526009781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A dedicated quick-scanning X-ray absorption fine-structure (QXAFS) platform has been established at the SSRF BL11B beamline for in situ and operando studies of dynamic structural evolution on the millisecond-to-second timescale. The system combines a torque-motor-driven Si(111) monochromator, synchronized high-speed acquisition and automated data processing, and operates over an energy range of 5-26.5 keV. Rapid measurements were demonstrated with spectrum acquisition times down to 10 ms for narrow-range XANES, 16.7 ms for full-range EXAFS extending up to k ≃ 12.5 Å^-1, and 50 ms for fluorescence-mode XANES on dilute samples. Quantitative evaluation of frequency-dependent spectral quality further defines practical monochromator oscillation frequencies for the present BL11B platform: approximately 4 Hz for full-range EXAFS over a ∼1000 eV scan window and approximately 30 Hz for short-range XANES over a ∼130 eV scan window, with these recommendations determined by the response characteristics of the current detection system. The capability of the platform is illustrated by in situ monitoring of electrocatalyst reconstruction during the oxygen evolution reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149301311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A user-friendly platform for deep-learning-based image enhancement in scanning X-ray microscopy.","authors":"Xiaoyin Zheng, Zirui Gao, Ajith Pattammattel, Hanfei Yan, Mingyuan Ge, Yong S Chu, Yu Chen Karen Chen-Wiegart, Xiaojing Huang","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526010076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526010076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Images acquired by scanning X-ray microscopy are often limited in spatial resolution by the finite size and profile of the scanning probe. Here, we present a dedicated graphical user interface for physics-informed image enhancement that incorporates the experimentally characterized probe to decouple probe-induced blurring from the measured images. The software integrates experimentally reconstructed probe intensity into the model training and provides an end-to-end workflow for image super-resolution and deblurring. We demonstrate the approach using differential phase-contrast imaging, where the finite scanning probe limits the recovery of fine spatial features. The enhanced images recover spatial details beyond those directly resolved in the measured data. This platform provides a practical and reproducible tool for physics-informed image enhancement during synchrotron X-ray microscopy experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149301316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teaching about the relativistic background of synchrotron radiation: some intriguing aspects with strong didactic implications.","authors":"G Margaritondo","doi":"10.1107/S160057752600603X","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S160057752600603X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Not fully grasping the concepts of relativity can lead to misunderstandings about the fundamental background of synchrotron emission. Here we deal with some intriguing cases, in which the relevant `speed of light' is not the invariant c but the speed with respect to a moving object. This specifically affects two pillars of synchrotron radiation: the Lorentz length contraction and the Doppler shift. We propose a teaching strategy relying on new versions of simple `thought' experiments. Besides putting synchrotron radiation on solid foundations, the approach amazingly leads to a unique link-described by Einstein as `remarkable'-between special relativity and quantum mechanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1618-1622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One million scans later: the evolution of the I16 material and magnetism beamline at Diamond Light Source.","authors":"Aly H Abdeldaim, Rebecca Scatena, James Hawkins, Gareth Nisbet, Daniel G Porter, Graeme Barlow, Andy Marshall, Brian Nutter, Guillaume Beutier, Stephen P Collins, Alessandro Bombardi","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526006557","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577526006557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here, we review the capabilities of beamline I16 at Diamond Light Source after nearly 20 years of operation and continuous development. I16 is an X-ray scattering beamline operating in the 2.46-16 keV energy range with energy scans with a resolution of 1 meV. The beamline is equipped with a six-circle kappa diffractometer, offering flexible experimental geometries and support for a variety of ancillary equipment. Available equipment includes cryostats and cryofurnaces that span temperatures from 4.2 K to 700 K, which can be combined with applied electric fields, permanent magnets up to 1 T, and uniaxial strain cells. A range of detectors is mounted on the diffractometer arm, including a photon-counting area detector and an avalanche photodiode, both compatible with crystal analyzers for polarization analysis. Diamond single-crystal phase retarders provide full control of the incident X-ray polarization. These capabilities establish I16 as a state-of-the-art instrument for resonant and non-resonant X-ray scattering, multi Bragg coherent diffraction imaging, and grazing-incidence small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering. Together, they allow for studies of complex electronic, magnetic and structural phenomena in single crystals and thin films. We also outline the software infrastructure supporting experiment planning, data acquisition and rapid on-the-fly data analysis, and discuss ongoing developments and the anticipated benefits of the upgrade to a fourth-generation source.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1575-1588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"4D imaging of a porous carbonate rock under triaxial loading: quantitative correlation between local porosity and strain.","authors":"Catherine Doré-Ossipyan, Adriana Quacquarelli, Michel Bornert, Jean Sulem, Alexandre Dimanov, Patrick Aimedieu, Vincent De Greef, Andrew King","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526006958","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577526006958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study of the mechanical behaviour of carbonate rocks has benefited from the evolution of experimental tools, due to their complex multi-scale microstructure. Triaxial cells transparent to X-rays have emerged and allowed in situ investigation of progressive failure developments and their link with microstructure. We conducted a series of 4D X-ray computed tomography mechanical tests on porous Saint-Maximin limestone at the PSICHE beamline of Synchrotron SOLEIL. Tests were performed using an in-house-developed triaxial press, Modulo. Volumes were scanned using a helical acquisition and reconstructed at 2.83 µm. They were then analysed using digital volume correlation. Volumetric strain and shear strain magnitude maps were computed using a 100 voxels gauge length with Paraview. Additionally, we computed porosity maps based on mean grey levels, at the same gauge length. Analysis of total and normalized incremental strain maps was carried out. We also compared volumetric strain maps with the initial porosity maps. Each step of the procedure is described herein. The errors on strain and porosity are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1509-1521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monolithic integration of SiC diode detectors into scanning X-ray microscopy optical elements for in situ beam diagnostics.","authors":"Gabriele Trovato, Simone Finizio, Samuele Moscato, Jörg Raabe, Joakim Reuteler, Massimo Camarda","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526007113","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577526007113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliable monitoring of the incident X-ray beam intensity and position is essential in soft X-ray microspectroscopy, where beam instabilities directly affect data normalization and achievable spatial resolution. Conventional beam diagnostics are often implemented using offline detectors located far from the sample or by measuring downstream on empty regions of the sample support membrane, not fully reflecting the experimental conditions experienced during measurements. In this work, the development of functionalized soft X-ray optical elements based on monolithic silicon carbide (SiC) diode detectors, enabling real-time in situ beam diagnostics directly within a scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) setup, is presented. Two complementary device geometries are investigated: order-sorting aperture (OSA)-based detectors and center-stop-based detectors. The devices are fabricated using plasma-focused-ion-beam milling and substrate thinning, allowing the integration of optical and sensing functionalities with minimal changes to the beamline and endstation setup. The performance of the functionalized optics is experimentally validated at the PolLux STXM beamline of the Swiss Light Source. The devices provide simultaneous access to the transverse beam position and the incident beam intensity I₀ through the unfocused 0th-order component. Using this component, the OSA detector enabled simultaneous measurements of the intensity and transverse displacement of the beam from the focused beam illuminating the sample. Between 700 and 1000 eV, the SiC measured current exhibited linear correlation to the avalanche photodiode (APD) signal, with coefficient of determination R² = 0.997. Position-sensitive detection was possible with a four-sector diode, where all sectors were electrically continuous and beam responsive, while gaps between the quadrants were insensitive. These results demonstrate the feasibility of SiC-based functionalized X-ray optics as beam diagnostic tools for soft X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1338-1345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shorter X-ray refractive lens design: a large-aperture single-lens dual-focus kinoform lens based on an oval curved surface.","authors":"Yaowu Zhang, Yuanze Xu, Tianchong Zhang, Bo Wang, Longlong Wu, Futing Yi, He Lin, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526007551","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577526007551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At synchrotron radiation facilities, X-ray focusing elements play a crucial role. To solve the absorption problem caused by X-rays through the lens, Aristov and co-workers [Aristov, Grigoriev, Kuznetsov, Shabelnikov, Yunkin, Weitkamp, Rau, Snigireva, Snigirev, Hoffmann & Voges (2000), Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 4058-4060] proposed the structure of the kinoform lens and fabricated it, greatly reducing the absorption of X-rays by the lens. However, the absorption of the kinoform lens remains substantial and the lens is very long. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel kinoform lens optimized through an oval surface profile for its stepped structure and evaluates the lens performance using the beam propagation method.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1364-1371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An efficient wave-optics framework for partially coherent pink X-ray beam simulation and analysis.","authors":"Shuo Wang, Han Xu, Liang Zhou, Ming Li","doi":"10.1107/S1600577526007034","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577526007034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources has enabled advanced coherent X-ray techniques. However, high-flux pink-beam operation introduces significant computational challenges for wave-optics-based coherence analysis. Conventional approaches, such as Monte Carlo sampling of the electron beam or direct diagonalization of the cross-spectral density, become computationally prohibitive when extended to broadband spectra. In this work, we develop an integrated computational framework that combines Monte Carlo brightness convolution for efficient wavefront matrix construction, hierarchical incremental singular value decomposition to overcome memory bottlenecks in coherent mode decomposition, and spectral-spatial decomposition to extract a global orthogonal basis for rapid broadband propagation. The reliability of the proposed method is validated through comparison with Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) simulations and experimental measurements performed at the HEPS Hard X-ray Coherent Scattering (HXCS) beamline. Furthermore, the framework is applied to analyze chromatic aberrations in compound refractive lens focusing systems, quantitatively evaluating focal-spot broadening and coherence degradation inherent to pink-beam operation. The proposed framework provides a practical and scalable tool for the design and optimization of high-flux pink-beam coherent experiments at modern synchrotron facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1372-1381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}