Stefano Da Vela, Kim Bartels, Daniel Franke, Dymtro Soloviov, Tobias Gräwert, Dmitry Molodenskiy, Bastian Kolb, Christoph Wilhelmy, Roland Drexel, Florian Meier, Heinrich Haas, Peter Langguth, Melissa A Graewert
{"title":"AF4-to-SAXS: expanded characterization of nanoparticles and proteins at the P12 BioSAXS beamline.","authors":"Stefano Da Vela, Kim Bartels, Daniel Franke, Dymtro Soloviov, Tobias Gräwert, Dmitry Molodenskiy, Bastian Kolb, Christoph Wilhelmy, Roland Drexel, Florian Meier, Heinrich Haas, Peter Langguth, Melissa A Graewert","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525003959","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525003959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a versatile and powerful technique for investigating the structural and biophysical properties of biologically and pharmaceutically relevant macromolecules and nanoparticles. SAXS offers detailed insights into macromolecular composition, size, shape and internal structure, while addressing key aspects such as oligomeric state, stability, molecular interactions, and conformational flexibility. Recently, asymmetrical-flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) was successfully coupled to SAXS, enabling online size-based fractionation and analysis of polydisperse samples. This approach allows precise, size-dependent characterization, offering significant advancements in the study of polydisperse systems. We have integrated an AF4 device at the P12 beamline at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and implemented technical adaptations allowing full automation to make the system suitable for routine user access. We provide streamlined workflows and troubleshooting resources for both novice and advanced SAXS users thereby equipping them with clear guidance on performing AF4-SAXS measurements. The general principles of our set-up are easily adaptable to other beamlines which have integrated (or are planning to integrate) a similar system.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"971-985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-luminosity meV-resolution single-shot hard X-ray spectrograph for cavity-based X-ray free-electron lasers.","authors":"Keshab Kauchha, Peifan Liu, Paresh Pradhan, Yuri Shvyd'ko","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525004278","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525004278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cavity-based X-ray free-electron lasers (CBXFELs) represent a possible realization of fully coherent hard X-ray sources having high spectral brilliance along with a narrow spectral bandwidth of ∼1-50 meV, a high repetition pulse rate of ∼1 MHz, and good stability. A diagnostic tool is required to measure CBXFEL spectra with meV resolution and high luminosity on a shot-to-shot basis. We have designed a high-luminosity single-shot hard X-ray spectrograph that images 9.831 keV X-rays in a ∼200 meV spectral window with a spectral resolution of a few meV. The spectrograph is designed around angular dispersion of X-rays in Bragg diffraction from crystals. It operates close to design specifications, exhibiting a linear dispersion rate of ∼1.4 µm meV<sup>-1</sup> and a ∼200 meV window of high-fidelity spectral imaging. The experimentally demonstrated spectral resolution is ∼20 meV; this resolution is twice as low as expected from theory primarily because the spectrograph is highly sensitive to crystal angular instabilities. The experiment was performed at the bending magnet X-ray optics testing beamline 1-BM at the Advanced Photon Source.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"861-872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Kamijo, Nobuo Nakajima, Dongxiao Fan, Andris Anspoks
{"title":"Two-metal-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis of oxygen octahedral rotation in SrTiO<sub>3</sub> using the reverse Monte Carlo method.","authors":"Kai Kamijo, Nobuo Nakajima, Dongxiao Fan, Andris Anspoks","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525004515","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525004515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A three-dimensional analysis method for X-ray absorption spectra, combining two-metal-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis with reverse Monte Carlo simulations, was applied to study the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition in SrTiO<sub>3</sub> as a dielectric standard. This method allows for the evaluation of both the static distribution and the dynamic motion of atoms, including oxygen. The optimized clusters reveal that the TiO<sub>6</sub> octahedron can rotate up to 2.7° below the phase transition temperature, driven by reduced A-site Sr dynamics. Within the framework of conventional EXAFS analysis, the high-precision determination of atomic positions using the two-metal-edge analysis for ternary materials enhances the detection of light elements, and the method is applicable to bimetallic oxides and nitrides.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1010-1016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Hu, Zhenjiang Xing, Chuan Yang, Ye Zhu, Chen Wu, Zhongmin Xu, Qiuping Wang, Weiqing Zhang
{"title":"Modeling of X-ray pulse propagation in beamline systems using a 6D phase space ray-tracing method.","authors":"Kai Hu, Zhenjiang Xing, Chuan Yang, Ye Zhu, Chen Wu, Zhongmin Xu, Qiuping Wang, Weiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525004849","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525004849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid development of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) that can generate ultrashort X-ray pulses with a duration range from attoseconds to femtoseconds, the study of ultrashort XFEL pulse propagation in beamline systems is increasingly important, especially in dispersive beamline systems. We developed a 6D phase space ray-tracing method to simulate pulse propagation in dispersive soft X-ray optical systems. We validated this method by simulating a typical dispersive optical system: a grating monochromator. The simulation indicated that the spatiotemporal properties such as pulse front tilt, pulse front rotation and angular dispersion can be described. Using this approach, we performed a start-to-end simulation of the Shenzhen Superconducting Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (S<sup>3</sup>FEL) FEL-1 beamline. Compared with the 3D pulse propagation method based on Fourier optics, this significantly reduces the simulation time. Our work provides a useful tool for X-ray beamline systems design.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"942-950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Aishima, B Andi, L Berman, J Byrnes, S Chodankar, E Farquhar, M R Fuchs, J Jakoncic, D Kreitler, E Lazo, S Myers, K Qian, R Schaffer, V Shekar, W Shi, A Soares, V Stojanoff, R M Sweet, L Yang, S McSweeney
{"title":"Structural biology at the National Synchrotron Light Source II.","authors":"J Aishima, B Andi, L Berman, J Byrnes, S Chodankar, E Farquhar, M R Fuchs, J Jakoncic, D Kreitler, E Lazo, S Myers, K Qian, R Schaffer, V Shekar, W Shi, A Soares, V Stojanoff, R M Sweet, L Yang, S McSweeney","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525003194","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525003194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The structural biology program at the National Synchrotron Light Source II presents a coordinated set of instruments, software and research opportunities for the interested user. We describe in some detail the research capabilities enabled by the Center for BioMolecular Structure. The evolution of the resources is described in detail, considering three major themes: automation, micro-focusing and computation prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"873-883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fastosh: a software for the treatment of XAFS datasets of environmental relevance or acquired in operando conditions.","authors":"Gautier Landrot, Emiliano Fonda","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525003923","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525003923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fastosh is a freeware dedicated to the treatment of X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) spectroscopy data. The program features functions that are particularly suitable for geochemical and environmental applications and treatment of XAFS datasets acquired in operando conditions. It can be employed to identify the nature of chemical species present as principal components in a sample mixture, which is a case commonly encountered when studying a set of natural samples or a chemical reaction followed in situ at the beamline, where multiple species may coexist, including intermediary species. Additionally, the software features unique functionalities that notably allow to filter in two dimensions and plot in three dimensions time-dependent datasets; rapidly deglitch chi spectra; automatically view in 2D or 3D and merge XAFS data acquired at the beamline; and visualize an EXAFS wavelet transform map as well as interpret it and its associated chi and Fourier transform spectra using a quick modelling approach where theoretical single scattering paths are employed. All these functions can be applied to XAFS data generated in ASCII format at any XAFS beamlines. Lastly, the program specifically allows users of SAMBA beamline, Synchrotron SOLEIL, to easily access all contextual data associated with an XAFS acquisition or process the raw data collected by the multi-pixel fluorescence detector of the beamline, which are saved in an HDF file. The structure of this file, and all related functions in Fastosh to exploit it, could be readily adapted to comply with a universal HDF format, which hopefully will be defined and adopted in the future by multiple XAFS beamlines worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1085-1094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaw Ren Eugene Tan, Sina Porsa, David Zhu, Christina Kamma-Lorger, Andrew J Clulow, Sara Casalbuoni, Andreas Grau, Nicole Glamann, Achim Hobl, Martin Krichler
{"title":"Design and commissioning of the first superconducting undulator for the BioSAXS beamline at the Australian Synchrotron.","authors":"Yaw Ren Eugene Tan, Sina Porsa, David Zhu, Christina Kamma-Lorger, Andrew J Clulow, Sara Casalbuoni, Andreas Grau, Nicole Glamann, Achim Hobl, Martin Krichler","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525003418","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525003418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 1.6 m-long 16 mm-period superconducting undulator (SCU16) has been installed and commissioned at the Australian Synchrotron. The SCU16, developed by Bilfinger, is based on the SCU20 currently operating at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The SCU16 is conduction cooled with a maximum on-axis field of 1.084 T and a fixed effective vacuum gap of 5.5 mm. The design, commissioning experience and performance of one of the longest superconducting undulators at a light source are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"908-918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Walter, Timur Osipov, Ming Fu Lin, James Cryan, Taran Driver, Andrei Kamalov, Agostino Marinelli, Joe Robinson, Matthew H Seaberg, Thomas J A Wolf, Jeff Aldrich, Nolan Brown, Elio G Champenois, Xinxin Cheng, Daniele Cocco, Alan Conder, Ivan Curiel, Adam Egger, James M Glownia, Philip Heimann, Michael Holmes, Tyler Johnson, Lance Lee, Xiang Li, Stefan Moeller, Daniel S Morton, May Ling Ng, Kayla Ninh, Jordan T O'Neal, Razib Obaid, Allen Pai, William Schlotter, Jackson Sheppard, Niranjan Shivaram, Peter Stefan, Xiong Van, Anna Li Wang, Hengzi Wang, Jing Yin, Sameen Yunus, David Fritz, Justin James, Jean Charles Castagna
{"title":"The time-resolved atomic, molecular and optical science instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source. Corrigendum.","authors":"Peter Walter, Timur Osipov, Ming Fu Lin, James Cryan, Taran Driver, Andrei Kamalov, Agostino Marinelli, Joe Robinson, Matthew H Seaberg, Thomas J A Wolf, Jeff Aldrich, Nolan Brown, Elio G Champenois, Xinxin Cheng, Daniele Cocco, Alan Conder, Ivan Curiel, Adam Egger, James M Glownia, Philip Heimann, Michael Holmes, Tyler Johnson, Lance Lee, Xiang Li, Stefan Moeller, Daniel S Morton, May Ling Ng, Kayla Ninh, Jordan T O'Neal, Razib Obaid, Allen Pai, William Schlotter, Jackson Sheppard, Niranjan Shivaram, Peter Stefan, Xiong Van, Anna Li Wang, Hengzi Wang, Jing Yin, Sameen Yunus, David Fritz, Justin James, Jean Charles Castagna","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525005715","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525005715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The name of an author in the article by Walter et al. (2022) [J. Synchrotron Rad. 29, 957-968] is corrected.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angelica Cecilia, Rolf Simon, Elias Hamann, Marcus Zuber, Tomáš Faragó, Daniel Haenschke, Mathias Hurst, Thomas van de Kamp, Sondes Bauer, Rebecca Spiecker, Mateusz Czyzycki, Sergei Gasilov, Alexey Ershov, Jan Thorsten Reszat, Tilo Baumbach
{"title":"The IMAGE beamline at the KIT Light Source.","authors":"Angelica Cecilia, Rolf Simon, Elias Hamann, Marcus Zuber, Tomáš Faragó, Daniel Haenschke, Mathias Hurst, Thomas van de Kamp, Sondes Bauer, Rebecca Spiecker, Mateusz Czyzycki, Sergei Gasilov, Alexey Ershov, Jan Thorsten Reszat, Tilo Baumbach","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525003777","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525003777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The superconducting wiggler beamline IMAGE at the KIT Light Source is dedicated to full-field hard X-ray imaging applications in materials and life sciences, with a focus on high-throughput computed tomography, laminography experiments and systematic in situ and operando studies. With two experimental hutches, IMAGE provides space for its dedicated permanent experimental stations UFO-II and LAMINO-II as well as for flexible custom setups. IMAGE allows parallel beam imaging experiments in monochromatic, pink or white beam mode, with spatial resolutions ranging from ∼1 µm to ∼30 µm and a large horizontal and vertical field of view of up to 44 mm × 8 mm, respectively. Photon energies between 8 keV and 40 keV are provided by a double-crystal or double-multilayer monochromator optics with energy resolutions of 0.01% and 1.5-2.7%, respectively. The filtered white beam mode provides high flux densities of up to 7.5 × 10<sup>14</sup> photons s<sup>-1</sup> mm<sup>-2</sup> at the sample position and energy spectra extending up to about 120 keV.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1036-1051"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juanjuan Huang, Adam P Tornheim, Xianbo Shi, Mark Wolfman, Yanna Chen, Steve M Heald, Shelly D Kelly, George E Sterbinsky
{"title":"Dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy using independent grazing-incidence focusing and convexly bent Bragg-crystal dispersing optics.","authors":"Juanjuan Huang, Adam P Tornheim, Xianbo Shi, Mark Wolfman, Yanna Chen, Steve M Heald, Shelly D Kelly, George E Sterbinsky","doi":"10.1107/S1600577525004953","DOIUrl":"10.1107/S1600577525004953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a modular instrument for dispersive X-ray absorption spectroscopy (DXAS) developed for the Advanced Spectroscopy Beamline at Sector 25 of the Advanced Photon Source. The setup employs a double-multilayer monochromator to provide X-rays with a broad energy bandwidth, Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors for focusing, a convexly bent Bragg-crystal polychromator for energy dispersion, and a pixel-array detector to resolve all X-ray energies and collect their intensity simultaneously, thereby enabling acquisition of a full X-ray absorption spectrum in a single shot. The use of separate optics for X-ray focusing and energy dispersion provides high spatial resolution and avoids chromatic aberrations inherent in focusing bent-crystal optics, and a modular design makes implementation of the technique at other beamlines possible without requiring modifications to the upstream beamline configurations. Theoretical calculations are performed to determine optimal instrument operating parameters and demonstrate that an energy resolution better than the K-edge core-hole lifetime broadening can be maintained while providing a sufficient bandwidth for X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy through the full operating range of 5-11 keV. Additionally, instrument design, data analysis methods, and initial DXAS results on lithium-manganese-nickel oxide laminates are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":48729,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Synchrotron Radiation","volume":" ","pages":"1068-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}