World Development最新文献_第5页

The transfer of employment structure: Export expansion and the rise of lower-middle-skill occupations in China

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106932

Weishan Tan , Guangjun Shen , Guangsu Zhou

引用次数: 0

Trust, hope, and collective action in fragile political settings: A qualitative comparative analysis of water user groups in Tunisia

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106928

Sophie Bhalla , Dustin Garrick , Constance L. McDermott

{"title":"Trust, hope, and collective action in fragile political settings: A qualitative comparative analysis of water user groups in Tunisia","authors":"Sophie Bhalla , Dustin Garrick , Constance L. McDermott","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collective action theory acknowledges that self-governing institutional arrangements, such as water user groups, can successfully develop strategies to address natural resource problems. However, studies of collective action have largely neglected the role of social, political and/or ecological fragility, where institutional trust and hope may have been eroded over time, and where natural resources are severely depleted. This paper uses Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to examine the pathways that mediate the multi-faceted relationship between trust, hope, and collective action in the context of water user groups, addressing resource scarcity challenges in post-authoritarian Tunisia. The analyses are based on data from archival sources, key informant interviews, hydrogeological models, local inventories, and semi-structured interviews with members of 15 local water user groups in the Tunisian governorate of Kairouan. Results from Qualitative Comparative Analyses shed light on dynamics of trust and hope as well as the substitutability of shared norms under given ecological conditions. Results demonstrate that water users see social trust-based systems as an alternative to the coercive power of the state. Specifically we find that: (1) social cohesion and the expectation that other water users stick to local, often informal, rules were found to increase collective action, i.e. fee recovery, under systemic fragility; (2) resource scarcity, i.e. aquifer depletion, can serve as a driver of both conflict as well as cooperation, depending on conjoint social-ecological interactions; and, finally, (3) conflict is more frequently associated with low-hope environments, where users are unable to perceive the possibility of positive system change. These insights seek to inform more realistic policy reforms that are sensitive to a fragile water governance system prone to social unrest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dynamics of disappearing routine jobs in Chile: An analysis of the link between deroutinisation and informality

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106923

Isaure Delaporte , Werner Peña

{"title":"The dynamics of disappearing routine jobs in Chile: An analysis of the link between deroutinisation and informality","authors":"Isaure Delaporte , Werner Peña","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In spite of the growing literature on deroutinisation, little is known about the individual-level patterns underlying the decline of routine jobs and the link with informal employment in middle-income countries. To fill this gap, we analyse the flows of routine workers into and out of formal and informal routine and non-routine occupations over the period 1980–2015 in Chile. Using rich longitudinal data from the Social Protection Survey, we reconstruct individuals’ occupational trajectories by classifying individuals based on their ISCO-88 2-digit level occupations into different states on a monthly basis. We then estimate a series of multilevel competing risk event history models and adopt a decomposition flow approach to study the flows underlying the decline of routine occupations over time. Our findings indicate a process of displacement and occupational downgrading for routine manual workers: workers in routine manual formal employment increasingly become non-employed or use informality as a buffer against job loss, and workers in routine manual informal employment become unemployed or transit to non-routine manual informal occupations. Our decomposition analysis shows that the decline in the share of routine occupations in Chile is mostly accounted for by a decrease in the inflow transition rate from unemployment, coupled with an increase in the outflow transition rates to unemployment. Lastly, we find that, over time, a larger proportion of individuals who were formally employed in RM occupations transit to informal employment after a period of unemployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change, collective shocks, and intra-community cooperation: Evidence from a public good experiment with farmers and pastoralists

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106941

Alexandra Krendelsberger , Francisco Alpizar , Mame Mor Anta Syll , Han van Dijk

{"title":"Climate change, collective shocks, and intra-community cooperation: Evidence from a public good experiment with farmers and pastoralists","authors":"Alexandra Krendelsberger , Francisco Alpizar , Mame Mor Anta Syll , Han van Dijk","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scholars and practitioners have long debated the effects of climate change on conflict, and more specifically on its precursors and constituent elements, such as (un)cooperative behavior. While harshening conditions linked to climate change carry collective risks that simultaneously affect whole communities and societies, the underlying conditions and responses might differ between groups and affect cooperative outcomes. In this paper, we explore whether collective and individual shocks undermine or enhance cooperation within farming and pastoral communities in the increasingly difficult conditions of the Sahel. We conducted a lab-in-the-field experiment based on a public good game in a farming area and pastoral area in Senegal. This study finds that (i) on average, pastoralists show higher levels of cooperation compared to farmers, (ii) overall, collective shocks decrease cooperation, while individual shocks increase cooperation, and (iii) effects of individual versus collective shocks are only significant for pastoralists but not for farmers. We suggest that individual shocks lead to more cooperation due to risk-sharing mechanisms, while collective shocks reduce cooperation due to risk aversion. Pastoralists’ higher cooperation levels may be attributed to lower market integration, stronger reliance on social and trading networks, and greater prior exposure to collective risks. These results suggest that risk perceptions and contextual factors, in addition to the nature of the shock, influence responses to climate change. Pastoral areas, while more vulnerable to collective shocks, may also have greater potential for public good provision, which could serve as a potential entry point for climate change adaptation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A social network analysis of family and community conflicts in post-civil war Mozambique

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106930

Victor Igreja , Francisco Aparecido Rodrigues , Alexandre Santos Cristino

{"title":"A social network analysis of family and community conflicts in post-civil war Mozambique","authors":"Victor Igreja , Francisco Aparecido Rodrigues , Alexandre Santos Cristino","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The existing literature on post-civil war processes has inadequately addressed the diversity of challenges of social reconstruction and community development arising from the fragmentation of cultural practices informing the creation and maintenance of family and social networks, and a variety of locally specific risks impacting the lives of survivors and subsequent generations. This paper addresses this gap by empirically investigating how unresolved legacies of Mozambique’s civil war (1976–1992) have fueled a network of local problems in the Gorongosa district. We used network analysis of cases presented in community courts over a decade (2002–2012) to reveal the existence of entrenched disputes involving spouses, divorce cases, domestic violence incidents, financial debts, accusations of wartime violations, and a range of adverse wellbeing outcomes. The conflicts and relationship dynamics vary in intensity over time but remain closely linked to civil war-induced risks, such as disrupted practices of premature marriages and interpersonal mistrust. Taking together these results reinforce the need to address disrupted patterns of family relations, lingering accusations of wartime violations, and to enhance the capacity of local community institutions and courts as part of social reconstruction efforts and development goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106930"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When the State steps down: Reduced police surveillance and gang-related deaths in Brazil

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106925

André Mancha

引用次数: 0

Imposing innovation: How ‘innovation speak’ maintains postcolonial exclusion in Peru

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106914

Andrea Jimenez , Mario Pansera , Samer Abdelnour

{"title":"Imposing innovation: How ‘innovation speak’ maintains postcolonial exclusion in Peru","authors":"Andrea Jimenez , Mario Pansera , Samer Abdelnour","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innovation is regarded as a central driver of societal progress via its perceived role in enhancing economic growth and competitive advantage. As a result, ideals associated with innovation have long influenced development theory, policy and practice, particularly in relation to how nation-states, industries and communities might overcome structural barriers to poverty, unemployment, and more. In recent decades, development discourse has come to embrace a more individualised perspective that views business models, design-thinking and entrepreneurship as key engines of economic creativity and growth. This trend, known as <em>innovation speak</em>, is today a globally dominant paradigm influencing nearly every aspect of economic and social policy, from education to healthcare. In this paper, we argue that innovation speak reinforces colonial power relations, particularly the socioeconomic exclusion and cultural subordination of racialised communities. Focusing on Peru as an empirical setting, our study employs semi-structured interviews with key informants, analyses policy instruments, and draws insights from research diaries documenting a visit to an Indigenous-led innovation initiative. Through our analysis, we illuminate how innovation speak permeates development discourse, policy and tools, with the effect of reinforcing a globally dominant capitalist imaginary that posits market- and growth-centric forms of innovation as the presumed path to national development, to the exclusion of other approaches practised and prioritised by Indigenous groups. Our study thus contributes to a more nuanced understanding of innovation speak, coloniality, and the discourses that today dominate development policy and practice in many Global South nations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106914"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The global distribution of authorship in economics journals

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106926

Ernest Aigner , Jacob Greenspon , Dani Rodrik

{"title":"The global distribution of authorship in economics journals","authors":"Ernest Aigner , Jacob Greenspon , Dani Rodrik","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We assemble a dataset of the universe of economics and business journal articles published since 1980 to assess differences in the levels and trends of the global distribution of authorship in economics journals and citations by country/region, quality of journal, and fields of specialization. We document striking imbalances. While Western and Northern European authors have made substantial gains, the representation of authors based in low-income countries remains extremely low − an order of magnitude lower than the weight of their countries or regions in the global economy. Fields such as international or development economics where global diversification may have been expected have not experienced much increase in developing country authorship. Developing country representation has risen fastest at journals ranked 100th or lower, while it has barely increased in journals ranked 25th or higher. Regression analyses suggest that articles by developing country authors are far less likely to be published in top journals even when holding constant article quality (as proxied by citation counts). Similar trends are observed in citation patterns, with articles by authors in the U.S. receiving far more citations, and those by authors in developing countries receiving fewer. These results are consistent with a general increase in the relative supply of research in the rest of the world. But they also indicate authors from developing countries remain excluded from the profession’s top-rated journals and that their research receives less attention from other economists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106926"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of civil conflict on household energy choices: Implications for the clean energy transition

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106922

Mukti Nath Subedi , Shuddhasattwa Rafiq , Lin Zhang

引用次数: 0

After war ends: Aid paradigms and post-conflict preferences

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106916

Pamina Firchow , Julianne Funk , Roger Mac Ginty

{"title":"After war ends: Aid paradigms and post-conflict preferences","authors":"Pamina Firchow , Julianne Funk , Roger Mac Ginty","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article is interested in aid preferences, or what people desire in terms of aid, in a post-conflict and post peace accord context. When examining post-conflict preferences around peace thirty years after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, we observe less of an emphasis on transitional justice or security-related needs and more concrete demands for traditional development-related needs such as infrastructure, jobs, improvement of public spaces and business. Using extensive and systematically collected community-generated data, we show a widespread diversity of needs and priorities related to peace depending on people’s gender, age, ethnicity or nationality and location. This diversity points to the need for peace programming that is multi-modal, flexible, and able to recognize different timelines. This is significant in that Bosnia and Herzegovina has experienced very substantial international peace support and reconciliation assistance over the past three decades, but citizens are anxious to move on and return to ‘normal.’ The research suggests a fatigue with post-conflict contexts being perennially linked to a ‘post-war’ or ‘post-conflict’ status and thus serves as a guide for future international support decades after war has ended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106916"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0