World Development最新文献_第6页

Impact of civil conflict on household energy choices: Implications for the clean energy transition

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106922

Mukti Nath Subedi , Shuddhasattwa Rafiq , Lin Zhang

引用次数: 0

After war ends: Aid paradigms and post-conflict preferences

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106916

Pamina Firchow , Julianne Funk , Roger Mac Ginty

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引用次数: 0

Foreign aid volatility and institutional development

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106690

Alice Iannantuoni

{"title":"Foreign aid volatility and institutional development","authors":"Alice Iannantuoni","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing explanations for why foreign aid can fail to achieve its objectives tend to highlight issues that have roots in recipient countries, <em>e.g.</em>, corruption, misappropriation of aid funds. In this paper, I turn the focus to a source of inefficiency that is largely donor-driven: the volatility of foreign aid flows. I argue that aid volatility hinders the development of high-quality institutions in recipient countries. Unpredictable, highly variable aid flows make it difficult for recipient governments to allocate resources across government agencies, to set an efficient tax policy, and to easily coordinate with nongovernmental and civil society organizations about the specific goods and services they will provide. I conceptualize aid volatility as <em>variability</em> — the extent to which the aid flows a country receives vary from year to year; and <em>unpredictability</em> — the extent to which recipients are not able to predict the aid they should expect to receive in upcoming years. I propose measures of aid unpredictability and aid variability, leveraging both a time-series approach and the residuals of a predictive model of aid disbursements. I show evidence that the experience of greater aid volatility over time is associated with worse institutional quality outcomes. These adverse effects of aid volatility on institutional development seem to be particularly strong for more highly aid-dependent recipient countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106690"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling financial exclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: A gender perspective in Latin American countries

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106924

Marie-Anne Lorain , Jesús Barreal Pernas , Gil Jannes , Elena Urquía Grande , Pilar López Sánchez , Javier Sierra

{"title":"Unraveling financial exclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: A gender perspective in Latin American countries","authors":"Marie-Anne Lorain , Jesús Barreal Pernas , Gil Jannes , Elena Urquía Grande , Pilar López Sánchez , Javier Sierra","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has affected mainly the most vulnerable population in developing countries. This research focuses on financial inclusion, with an emphasis on digital financing among men and women in Latin American countries. The analysis combines a qualitative and quantitative perspective. We first perform a comprehensive literature review of financial inclusion in developing countries, with a focus on gender gap, pre- and post-COVID. An extensive sample of Latin American countries is then studied in detail through the World Bank Global Findex Questionnaire. A series of questions is identified in relation to financial inclusion, such as financial and mobile account ownership and their use for bill payments, or debit and credit card ownership, and the differences in terms of gender are analyzed statistically. This analysis is complemented by an econometric modelization to identify the significance and strength of the variables that determine financial inclusion.</div><div>Among our main results, we highlight the positive post-COVID evolution of financial inclusion for both genders. However, this positive influence is much stronger for men than for women. Before COVID, women scored slightly higher on all financial inclusion indicators under consideration for the whole of Latin America. However, this balance is markedly reversed post-COVID. Our results thus reinforce previous findings on the economic, social, and financial repercussions suffered by women in developing countries from COVID-19. We also formulate tentative suggestions for policy makers to reinforce the financial education and inclusion of women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106924"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robot and crime: Evidence from China

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106921

Guanfu Fang , Liya Miao

引用次数: 0

When the data you have aren’t the data you need: The availability of school-related violence data in low- and middle-income countries

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106919

David K. Evans , Susannah Hares , Gabriela Smarrelli , Dongyi Wu

{"title":"When the data you have aren’t the data you need: The availability of school-related violence data in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"David K. Evans , Susannah Hares , Gabriela Smarrelli , Dongyi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Violence in schools—which surveys demonstrate is a challenge across countries—is associated with worse educational and life outcomes. Yet documenting the prevalence of sexual, physical, and psychological violence in schools is just the first piece of data that policymakers and partners need to act effectively against school-related violence. In this study, we review the availability of data on school-related violence from international surveys administered across low- and middle-income countries, as well as national surveys in a sample of countries. We find that most countries lack the data to answer simple questions that policymakers might ask as precursors to taking action against school-related violence, to understand the consequences of violence, or to monitor progress on reducing violence. For example, only one in six countries has data to measure how many children have recently experienced sexual violence from school staff. The gaps in data are biggest for younger children. We provide a dataset of international surveys with school-related violence questions and recommendations to increase the available, actionable data related to school-related violence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106919"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rewarding performance in disaster response: Evidence from local governments in Latin America

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106828

Felipe Livert , Julie Anne Weaver , Paola Bordón

{"title":"Rewarding performance in disaster response: Evidence from local governments in Latin America","authors":"Felipe Livert , Julie Anne Weaver , Paola Bordón","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the increasing frequency of large-scale disasters, managing such emergencies is becoming an important domain of politicians’ responsibilities in office. Models of electoral accountability posit that voter reward and sanctioning in re-elections incentivizes good performance. Yet little accountability research considers how electoral incentives impact this new type of public sector responsibility. Most studies of electoral responses to disasters tend to study voter reactions to the existence of the disaster itself, rather than how politicians perform in responding to it after the fact. Those that do incorporate performance use metrics like disaster declarations or allocating relief aid, which may be relevant for national actors, but not local-level politicians whose main role in disaster response is spending the funds they receive from the central level to manage recovery efforts. Furthermore, most research studies only one disaster at a time and focuses on economically advanced countries. Our approach addresses each of these gaps by combining local-level electoral returns in Chile and Peru with detailed data on how mayors perform in responding to a variety of natural catastrophes. We find that voters do in fact reward local politicians that effectively manage disasters, providing a blueprint for how to best incentivize disaster responsiveness going forward.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106828"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who becomes a politician in a gender quota system? Evidence from India

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106911

Yuko Mori , R. Manjula , D. Rajasekhar , Jun Goto , Takashi Kurosaki

{"title":"Who becomes a politician in a gender quota system? Evidence from India","authors":"Yuko Mori , R. Manjula , D. Rajasekhar , Jun Goto , Takashi Kurosaki","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Broad representation and competent leaders are both important factors when selecting representatives in a democracy. While gender quotas aim for the equal representation of genders, it is a challenge for non-elite women to become politicians in the context of elite dominance. In such cases, equal representation between social classes may be impeded. Gender quotas may also make the selection of competent leaders difficult if the number of qualified women is limited and if the opportunity cost of becoming a politician is high for such women. This study explores the random assignment of gender quotas across villages in India to examine the impact of gender quotas on the broadness of representation and the competence of candidates. We conducted a field survey in villages and collected information about cognitive and non-cognitive skills and the socioeconomic backgrounds of the voters and candidates in local elections. We find that female candidates with higher cognitive skills are more positively selected among voters compared to male candidates, while households with less leadership experience can participate in elections as candidates in a gender quota system. These results suggest that the quota system could have the potential to promote broad political participation and encourage meritocratic candidate selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106911"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the evolution of the wage premium for party membership in China

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106909

Alessia Amighini , Weidi Fang , Martin Zagler

引用次数: 0

Immigration and labour productivity: A comparative effect

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106920

Blaise Gnimassoun

引用次数: 0