{"title":"Editorial: Special issue on the spillover effect of crises","authors":"Daniel Laufer , Yijing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This special issue contains ten articles covering a wide range of topics that examine crisis contagion, showcasing the diverse approaches and methodologies employed in understanding this critical aspect of Crisis Communication. The articles in this special issue represent a wealth of knowledge in an under-researched area of Crisis Communication, highlighting both the complexity and the importance of mitigating crisis spillover risks. By bringing together these varied perspectives, this special issue not only enriches the academic discourse but also offers practical insights for practitioners. We believe that this collection of articles will serve as a cornerstone for future research, encouraging scholars to explore and address the gaps in our understanding of crisis contagion. Through this special issue, we aim to spark a broader conversation about the strategies that organizations can employ to navigate the turbulent waters of crisis communication more effectively, thereby contributing to the resilience and sustainability of organizations in the face of crisis spillover risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811124000468/pdfft?md5=51cd438a1aed572c313f2b324d6dd9a9&pid=1-s2.0-S0363811124000468-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing spillover: Response strategies to another Charity’s crisis","authors":"Bugil Chang , Hyejoon Rim","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The prior research suggests that an organization’s crisis can damage publics’ evaluation of the industry, which is known as crisis spillover. To examine the crisis spillover and differential effects of the response strategies in the charitable sector, the study conducted a web-based experiment with a mixed-subjects design of 3 response strategies (bolstering vs. denial vs. differentiation) × 2 charity types (local vs. global) × 3 time periods (pre-crisis vs. post-crisis vs. post-response). The results confirm crisis spillover in the charity context and suggest that an innocent organization’s response can mitigate the effects of crisis spillover on the entire charitable sector. Furthermore, the study found that bolstering and denial strategies were more effective in improving public attitudes, trust, and donation intentions toward the responded charity compared to the differentiation strategy. These effects were not moderated by charity types. These findings provide insights into effective response strategies to mitigate crisis spillover in a charity context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141052162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A cross-disciplinary review of crisis spillover research: Spillover types, risk factors, and response strategies","authors":"Yijing Wang , Daniel Laufer","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spillover effect of crises has become an emerging research topic in the field of crisis communication, however to our knowledge a cross-disciplinary review of the literature on the topic has not been conducted yet. Also, the complexities associated with crisis spillover and their management call for a synthesis of existing findings which can provide future research directions. This review focuses on empirical studies about crisis spillover and incorporates articles from different disciplines examining this topic. We identified 56 articles about crisis spillover that were published in 35 different journals between 1985 and 2021, and examined the conceptualization of crisis spillover across disciplines, crisis types, industries, stakeholder groups, spillover types, risk factors, and response strategies discussed in these articles. Our suggestions for future research based on the literature review will help guide researchers to explore areas that will help us gain a better understanding of the spillover effect phenomena, and how organizations can respond to spillover crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811123001261/pdfft?md5=81f5cd7b45018eb26d36374b6a6c70cb&pid=1-s2.0-S0363811123001261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141035114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spotlight on a complex crisis spillover: A multi-organisational perspective on rebuilding trust and reducing distrust in the Australian banking industry","authors":"Ellen Tyquin, Amisha Mehta, Lisa Bradley","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent crisis spillover research expands our understanding of the effects of crisis spillover on reputation, legitimacy, consumer attitudes and behaviours, as well as how organisations can respond to these types of crisis spillover events. However, there remains scant exploration of the impact of crisis spillover on trust and limited if any consideration of distrust as a separate and distinct concept from trust. In a crisis, trust is an important relationship outcome, and the present lack of empirical understanding of it in crisis spillover can limit future research and practice. Consequently, this study’s examination of message strategies that address both trust and distrust concerns, and in turn repair these key relational concepts, can address the current void in public relations theory. In addition, the research record provides limited insights into the strategies employed by multiple organisations with varied responsibility for crisis spillovers. To address these gaps in our understanding about complex crisis spillover, this study adopts associative network theory and extends its application via a case study approach focussing on the Australian banking industry. The findings contribute new knowledge to the crisis communication, trust repair and crisis spillover literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811123001297/pdfft?md5=e514c937f73147c49e4ede4e05d3ae1e&pid=1-s2.0-S0363811123001297-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141053405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When things get personal: Understanding revenge by proxy as a function of consumer nationalism","authors":"Elina R. Tachkova , W. Timothy Coombs","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2023.102412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The process of spillover occurs when a crisis in one organization affects the entire industry. It has been documented that the effects a spillover can seriously affect organizational performance and damage relationships with various stakeholder groups. Yet, little research has examined the notion of spillover in crisis communication. Research has coined the term crisis contagion to denote a special type of spillover that goes beyond industry as a risk factor. This paper proposes that country of origin and consumer nationalism could create a unique type of spillover, namely revenge by proxy. We provide several extended examples of revenge by proxy as well as an overview of possible crisis response strategies available to managers when dealing with revenge by proxy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141031289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceptions of formal career achievements in public relations by students, professionals, and employers: Certificate, accreditation, and College of Fellows","authors":"Timothy Penning , John Forde , Sharee Broussard","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Various professional organizations in the public relations field have created opportunities for formal professional achievement. Among participating professional organizations, there is the Certificate in Principles of Public Relations for students near graduation time, and professionals may pursue Accreditation in Public Relations (APR) or Accreditation in Public Relations + Military Communication (APR+M). For advanced professionals, the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) offers the College of Fellows to its members. However, perceptions of and participation in these achievement opportunities are varied. This study uses the lens of the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) to explore why people do or do not seek to attain these professional milestones. Mean responses on intrinsic social cognitive response variables (confidence, self-efficacy, goal-setting) did not show a significant relationship to motivation, but the extrinsic value expectation was significant. In addition, awareness and perception of these professional achievements among human resources and hiring managers were studied. Results show students and professionals who have earned career achievements have higher mean responses on social cognitive responses than those who do not. Hiring managers value professional development indicators as positive to have but not necessary if candidates have proven experience. Qualitative responses further indicated many respondents were not familiar with the Certificate in Principles of Public Relations, APR, or College of Fellows. Those who had earned these achievements were generally positive. Few students, professionals, or educators reported reaping no benefit once achieved. Those who chose not to pursue or who provided negative responses cited lack of necessity, lacks value, requires too much (e.g. time, money), or process as reasons why.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102458"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140551033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtual community engagement: Engaging virtual communities for nation branding through sports","authors":"Xiufang (Leah) Li , Kim A. Johnston , Juan Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Major sporting events bring a range of social, economic, and reputational benefits for hosting nations and serve as a vehicle to showcase the nation brand. Social media engagement during sport events provides opportunities for community members to cocreate, curate and communicate their nation brand’s attributes. While research in nation branding and community engagement has examined the ways place-based communities contribute to nation branding, little is known about how and in what ways virtual communities contribute to their nation brand. This study addresses this gap by examining the virtual brand community (VBC) surrounding the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Using social network analysis and content analysis, the findings suggest that VBC contributions is dependent on the composition, participation, and cultivation of conversations focusing on the personality traits of a nation brand. Theoretically, the outcomes from this study advance understanding of leveraging the properties of VBCs in making contribution to the production and maintenance of an authentic nation brand, that values community perspectives facilitated through community engagement. For public relations, it extends the current research in digital social-level engagement in virtual settings and outlines future research in participatory approaches to nation branding. The growing use of major sporting events in supporting nation branding goals, particularly in Asian and African continents, suggests the outcome of this study has implications at regional and international levels to guide public relations managers in major events to facilitate sustainable VBCs for authentic place branding outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 3","pages":"Article 102440"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811124000195/pdfft?md5=5dfe6381be0c1d419e5d1a55b9d23352&pid=1-s2.0-S0363811124000195-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140539118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Framing, agency, and athlete activism: The case of simone biles at the 2020 olympics","authors":"Victoria McDermott","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In July of 2021, Simone Biles shocked the world with her withdrawal from the 2020 Tokyo Olympics citing “mental health” as her rationale. Mental health remains a taboo subject within the realm of professional sports, and is often devalued, in stark contrast to the value placed on physical health. The present study explored Biles’s framing of her withdrawal and publics’ reactions to the withdrawal across two distinct social media platforms. Critical rhetorical analysis was used to analyze the Instagram posts made by Biles and a press conference transcript announcing and reifying her withdrawal, as well as 100 TikTok videos and 1000 comments illustrating publics’ reactions. Findings demonstrate that Biles’s framed her messages through genuineness, responsibility, resistance, and consistency. As a result of the frames used in the withdrawal messages, and the modality allowances afforded on TikTok (e.g., video, text, text and video, stitching), the space for dissent, as well as the ability to critique current power structures was created. From these findings, theoretically I argue that (1) framing theory can be used to create the space for resisting power, reclaiming agency, and challenging attacks of morality, and (2) theorize the ability of public relations to shape broader societal discourse. Practically, this research adds to the public relations literature (1) the value of new frames for image cultivation and the new role of publics for engaging in the acceptance, rejection, or co-creation of frames put forth by organizations and (2) the role of message modality for cultivating discourse and dissent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 2","pages":"Article 102457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140533700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introducing the Marginalized Image Navigation and Expression (MINE) principles via the confirmation hearings of judge Ketanji Brown Jackson","authors":"Theon E. Hill , Damion Waymer","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Image Restoration Theory (IRT) examines the strategies that people, especially public figures, and organizations use when they face image and reputational threats. Past scholarship has not fully accounted for the impact of identity on an individual or group’s ability to invoke image repair strategies. We examine the 2022 Supreme Court confirmation hearings of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson through an intersectional lens to spotlight the constraints that minoritized populations, generally, and Black women, specifically, encounter when responding to reputational threats. Given the legacies of patriarchy and whiteness that operate in the West, Black women often lack the standing in the eyes of the public to defend themselves against attacks and accusations, an experience we describe as nonpersonhood. This point suggests that image repair strategies are not neutral, but embedded within socio-political and historical contexts. Via our analysis, we introduce Marginalized Image Navigation and Expression (MINE) principles as a conceptual framework that is useful for understanding the nuanced ways that images are navigated, negotiated, and expressed, especially for marginalized persons. Finally, we examine the implications of our arguments in the context of reputational threats against minoritized people and organizations.</p><p>The most disrespected person in America is the Black woman. The most unprotected person in America is the Black woman. The most neglected person in America is the Black woman.</p><p>Malcolm X</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 2","pages":"Article 102455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140338769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The moral foundations of responsible business: Using computational text analysis to explore the salience of morality in CSR communication","authors":"Olga Eisele, Britta C. Brugman, Sarah Marschlich","doi":"10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Morality is an integral part of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). However, the academic debate so far has mostly stated the importance of morality from a purely theoretical perspective, without empirically assessing it. We, therefore, draw on the moral foundations dictionary to conduct an automated content analysis of corporations’ (<em>N</em> = 277) annual CSR reports (<em>N</em> = 5010) over a period of 22 years. Looking into Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, we investigated morality salience, differences across sectors, countries, and over time as well as the association of morality with different stakeholder groups. Results inform the broader debate on CSR and morality and highlight avenues for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48263,"journal":{"name":"Public Relations Review","volume":"50 2","pages":"Article 102453"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811124000328/pdfft?md5=e010552f88bd79b087cb1cd81a64c2f0&pid=1-s2.0-S0363811124000328-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}