Population Space and Place最新文献_第8页

Spatial poverty dynamics and social mobility in rural America 美国农村地区的空间贫困动态和社会流动性

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2802

Dylan S. Connor, Siqiao Xie, Johannes H. Uhl, Catherine Talbot, Cyrus Hester, Taylor Jaworski, Myron Gutmann, Stefan Leyk, Lori Hunter

{"title":"Spatial poverty dynamics and social mobility in rural America","authors":"Dylan S. Connor, Siqiao Xie, Johannes H. Uhl, Catherine Talbot, Cyrus Hester, Taylor Jaworski, Myron Gutmann, Stefan Leyk, Lori Hunter","doi":"10.1002/psp.2802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2802","url":null,"abstract":"Rural America is often depicted as a distressed and left-behind place, with limited opportunities for the children growing up there. This paper addresses this topic by examining the dynamics of rural places over the past four decades and how these changes impact the economic mobility of children raised in poor rural households. Employing a place-based framework, we utilise sequence analysis to identify dominant trajectories of change for more than 8000 rural communities. Our analysis reveals highly diverse community trajectories that connect deindustrialisation and racial inequality to elevated and rising poverty rates in certain places, while also documenting more favourable poverty trends elsewhere. These diverging local outcomes shed new light on the conflicting narratives surrounding rural America. We then demonstrate that, among children from poorer households, exposure to community poverty is predictive of adult economic mobility, patterns which are partly mediated by family stability and child poverty. Our finding that poor children face additional disadvantages when they also grow up in poor places suggests a potential role for place-based policies and redistribution to help ameliorate these disparities.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The migratory impact of COVID-19: The role of time and distances in the migration decisions of Hungarians during the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19 的移民影响：时间和距离在 COVID-19 大流行期间匈牙利人移民决定中的作用

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2804

László Zoltán Zöldi, Anna Sára Ligeti, Zoltán Csányi

{"title":"The migratory impact of COVID-19: The role of time and distances in the migration decisions of Hungarians during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"László Zoltán Zöldi, Anna Sára Ligeti, Zoltán Csányi","doi":"10.1002/psp.2804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2804","url":null,"abstract":"Despite obvious consequences of pandemics on human mobility, attempts to quantify the migratory impact of COVID-19 remained scarce, largely due to a general lack of data necessary for such assessments. The guiding principle of this paper is that common statistical definitions of migration—linked to usual residences—fail to capture a considerable share of the fast-changing and diverse universe of cross-border movements, which characterized the years of the pandemic. In this study, panels of short- and longer-term movements were created, and hybrid (machine learning-supported) interrupted time series analyses were performed on the basis of pre-pandemic monthly migration flows data to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on international migration. Social insurance data up to 2019 was used to estimate counterfactual emigration and return flows of Hungarians for 2020 and 2021 and compared with actual migration data a posteriori. Beyond the durations of staying abroad, we sought to look at how COVID-related impacts on migration differ by destinations. In accordance with the results, 25% of expected emigrations in cumulative terms had not taken place due to the pandemic if only long-term migrations are considered. This share is 22% when a more flexible conceptualization of geographic mobilities is applied. Behind this relatively small difference, however, there are large variations by destinations. Although similar cumulative impact cannot be detected in case of return migrations, the outbreak of the coronavirus resulted in an unprecedented wave of backwards mobilities, the impact of which however was fading away by the end of the 2-years period.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2804","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social reproduction in onward migration: Colombian mothers and fathers from Spain to London 向外移民中的社会再生产：从西班牙到伦敦的哥伦比亚母亲和父亲

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2803

Domiziana Turcatti

{"title":"Social reproduction in onward migration: Colombian mothers and fathers from Spain to London","authors":"Domiziana Turcatti","doi":"10.1002/psp.2803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2803","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how social reproductive work—particularly childcare and material provision—is experienced by and distributed between fathers and mothers during onward migration. Onward migration is typically defined as the process whereby people leave their homeland, settle in a second country, and then migrate to a third country. Gendered in nature, social reproductive work refers to the activities involved in maintaining people daily and intergenerationally. Several studies explore how families' social reproductive arrangements are disrupted, reconfigured or maintained following migration. Less is known about the organisation of social reproductive labour in families who migrated multiple times. This paper draws from fieldwork with 32 Colombian mothers and 18 Colombian fathers who onward migrated from Spain to London after the 2008 crisis. Fathers typically onward migrated first to fulfil their breadwinning role, while mothers would stay in Spain to look after their children, following later. These arrangements were not necessarily maintained at the onward destination. To cope with downward mobility and precarity in London, some fathers became more involved in social reproductive work viewed as feminine (e.g., childcare), while mothers began outsourcing social reproductive tasks to better meet their families' needs and to seize the opportunities London offers. This paper suggests that onward migrant families renegotiate their social reproductive arrangements to address the socioeconomic challenges and opportunities its members encounter in the onward destination and proposes an understanding of social reproduction as relational and fluid across space and time.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the urban-rural fertility divide in sub-Saharan Africa: The critical role of social isolation 了解撒哈拉以南非洲的城乡生育率差距：社会隔离的关键作用

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2801

Lamar G. A. Crombach, Jeroen Smits

{"title":"Understanding the urban-rural fertility divide in sub-Saharan Africa: The critical role of social isolation","authors":"Lamar G. A. Crombach, Jeroen Smits","doi":"10.1002/psp.2801","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2801","url":null,"abstract":"Current models inadequately address the role of information transfer in explaining the slow fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the 1990s and 2000s. We posit that an important reason for this slow decline was the high level of social isolation of the rural population in the region, as a result of which new ideas regarding fertility had difficulty reaching them. Applying Poisson regression to survey data on 180,000 women across 25 SSA countries spanning 1995–2010, we find clear associations of travel distance to urban areas and TV ownership with desired and actual fertility. Interaction analyses reveal a compensatory relationship between distance and TV ownership, with the effect of distance almost disappearing for households with a TV and the effect of TV disappearing for households close to urban areas. The role of information access is further stressed by the finding that socioeconomic factors, while highly significant overall, offer limited explanatory value for women living at great distance from urban centres or without TV access. If information transfer is indeed as important as our findings suggest, the increasing availability of smartphones and social media in rural SSA might lead to a faster fertility decline in the region than foreseen by the latest UN population estimates.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Childhood internal migration in Europe: Developments across cohorts and countries 欧洲儿童国内移徙：不同群体和国家的发展情况

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2792

Alon Pertzikovitz, Gusta G. Wachter, Helga A. G. de Valk

{"title":"Childhood internal migration in Europe: Developments across cohorts and countries","authors":"Alon Pertzikovitz, Gusta G. Wachter, Helga A. G. de Valk","doi":"10.1002/psp.2792","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2792","url":null,"abstract":"Internal migration is the driving force behind population re-distribution within countries. Although internal migration has been extensively studied among adults, little is known about patterns in childhood migration, and even less so in a comparative manner. This study, therefore, adopts a child-centred approach and contributes to the literature by exploring cross-national changes in childhood migration across birth cohorts. Moreover, it examines how patterns of childhood migration relate to the postponement of childbearing. Drawing on retrospective residential histories from the SHARE survey, we analyzed childhood migration trajectories of 178,476 individuals born between 1935 and 1994 in 28 European countries. Cohort analyses confirm a country gradient in childhood migration, with the highest migration rates in Northern Europe and the lowest in Southeastern Europe. Nonetheless, across nearly all countries, childhood migration has consistently declined since the 1970s. Furthermore, when children relocate, it happens at increasingly younger ages. Finally, we find that these patterns are related to the increasing childbearing age across Europe. Our results thereby highlight the interplay between childhood migration and adult family life's changing dynamics, offering a novel perspective on the link between these two demographic components.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2792","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging in-migration of urban young adults engaging in rural tourism in China 中国从事乡村旅游的城市青壮年移民新动向

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2791

Shuang Shuang Tang, Jing Zhou, Yi Liu

{"title":"Emerging in-migration of urban young adults engaging in rural tourism in China","authors":"Shuang Shuang Tang, Jing Zhou, Yi Liu","doi":"10.1002/psp.2791","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2791","url":null,"abstract":"During the rapid urbanisation of China in recent decades, a vast proportion of the labour force left rural hometowns to find employment in cities. In the context of rural revitalisation and tourism development in China, rural tourism is booming, bringing many tourism-related jobs to the countryside. As a result, some young urban adults have moved to work in rural areas. Based on in-depth interviews in Su village in Nanjing, China, this study seeks to investigate the motivations of those who choose to work in the countryside and the connections between this and stages in the life course of urbanites in the 90s generation, a cohort that is quite distinct from older cohorts. This study finds that the motivations of these younger workers range from career development and cost reduction to a preference for a rural lifestyle. Engaging in tourism-related work in rural areas is associated with two life courses (work career and individual/family pathway). This study also finds that the cohort working rural tourism in rural areas is differentiated: while some pursue career development, others aim to escape certain pressures and obligations by ‘lying flat’ in the more congenial rural setting where living costs are lower than in cities. Pro-tourism rural areas, with an acceptable distance from cities, become valuable places for these youth to resist or balance their life in front of increasingly competitive urban life during their adult transitional period.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Where have Ukrainian refugees gone? Identifying potential settlement areas across European regions integrating digital and traditional geographic data 乌克兰难民去哪儿了？整合数字和传统地理数据，确定欧洲各地区的潜在定居区

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2790

Miguel González-Leonardo, Ruth Neville, Sofía Gil-Clavel, Francisco Rowe

{"title":"Where have Ukrainian refugees gone? Identifying potential settlement areas across European regions integrating digital and traditional geographic data","authors":"Miguel González-Leonardo, Ruth Neville, Sofía Gil-Clavel, Francisco Rowe","doi":"10.1002/psp.2790","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2790","url":null,"abstract":"The escalation of conflict in Ukraine has triggered the largest refugee crisis in Europe since WWII. As of early April 2024, over 5.9 million people have fled Ukraine. Large-scale efforts have been made to identify the major receiving countries. However, less is known about the subnational areas within host countries where refugees have migrated. Identifying these areas is key for the appropriate allocation of humanitarian aid. By combining digital Facebook API data and traditional data from Eurostat, this paper aims to identify and characterise potential settlement areas of Ukrainians across the main destination countries in Europe. We identify high concentrations of Ukrainians in urban areas with a preexisting diaspora and tight labour market conditions across southern, northern-west and central Poland and the city of Prague in the Czech Republic. We also find potential settlements in key urban agglomerations with a moderate diaspora and high levels of unemployment in Spain. Only in Romania, refugees seem to have settled in rural areas which show a moderate diaspora but low levels of unemployment. Potential settlement areas in Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom are spread across the country. Surprisingly, we do not identify potential settlement areas in bordering regions with Ukraine within neighbouring countries, suggesting that refugees may have used them as transit points. Our findings point out that different packages of humanitarian assistance may be needed according to the number of refugees and the characteristics of settlement areas.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2790","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140910670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why do Chinese overseas doctoral graduates return to China? The push-pull factors and the influence of gender and gender norms 中国海外博士毕业生为何回国？推拉因素以及性别和性别规范的影响

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2789

Dan Liu, Qiuxi Liu, W. John Morgan

引用次数: 0

Population decline and public attitudes toward multicultural immigration policies in South Korea 韩国人口减少与公众对多元文化移民政策的态度

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2788

Sangwon Choi, Jingyeong Song, Daeyoung Kwon, Brian H. S. Kim

{"title":"Population decline and public attitudes toward multicultural immigration policies in South Korea","authors":"Sangwon Choi, Jingyeong Song, Daeyoung Kwon, Brian H. S. Kim","doi":"10.1002/psp.2788","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2788","url":null,"abstract":"Population decline due to low fertility and aging causes socioeconomic challenges such as a shrinking labour force and regional decline. In response to these challenges, there is a growing discussion about accepting immigrants to mitigate the side effects of population decline. This implies the importance of analyzing local peoples' perceptions as a basis of policy and planning in anticipation of demographic transitions toward a multicultural society. While there are many studies on local problems caused by depopulation and perceptions of immigrants based on contact theory and group threat theory, there has been relatively little research on the relationship between depopulation and individual perceptions of immigrants. This study fills this gap by using survey data of Seoul, Korea, the city experiencing both population decline and an increase in immigrants. It employs the multilevel ordered logit model to explore how the decrease in local population associates with individuals' perception on the need for multicultural immigration policies. The results suggest that individuals are more likely to have a positive view of multicultural immigration policies if their region is experiencing a higher population decline. This finding is significant as it demonstrates that a shift to an unfavourable demographic structure can have a positive impact on perceptions of immigrant acceptance, offering a new perspective on the relationship between immigrants and native residents.","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2788","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possibilities of population thinking: Histories and futures of Population Geography through reflections on 50 years of the Royal Geographical Society (with Institute of British Geographers) Population Geography Research Group 人口思维的可能性：通过对皇家地理学会 50 年的反思看人口地理学的历史与未来（与英国地理学家学会合作）人口地理研究小组

IF 2.6 2区社会学

Population Space and Place Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2767

Nissa Finney, Kate Botterill, Sophie Cranston, Fran Darlington-Pollock, David McCollum, Sergei Shubin

引用次数: 0