Population Space and Place最新文献

{"title":"Between spaces: Unravelling motives and distances in internal migration","authors":"Ivan Lichner,&nbsp;Vladimír Baláž,&nbsp;Tomáš Jeck","doi":"10.1002/psp.2818","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2818","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Distance, economic disparities and housing market conditions are considered key moderators of internal migration. Existing research has used panels and surveys to establish the drivers of and barriers to domestic moves. This research employs administrative data on all Slovak internal migrants in 1997–2022 (2.38 million moves). The individual migrant data are associated with regional characteristics such as wages, unemployment rates, business activity, housing construction, the ethnic composition of the population, and connections to trans-European transport network (TEN-T) motorway networks. Zero-inflated (ZI) regression models help to identify the key moderators of internal moves through reported migration motives and major structural barriers to migration. Gravity models distinguish between long-distance moves motivated by human capital considerations and short-distance moves informed by housing and family motives. Motives related to housing, following family, marriage, divorcee and health accounted for 75.4% of the total moves in the 1997–2022 period. Migration distance, followed by education, population mass and housing, proved to be key moderators of internal moves.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141910287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antinomies of the gig economy: The annihilation of space by time or the annihilation of time by space?","authors":"Olivia Butler,&nbsp;Kristina Zampoukos,&nbsp;Don Mitchell","doi":"10.1002/psp.2815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2815","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper concerns migrants in Sweden working in various types of on and offline gig work. It explores how the temporal and spatial flexibility afforded to gig customers is predicated on temporal and spatial inflexibility for workers. The argument moves discussions beyond relational space by promoting a more fully dialectical view of space that understands it as simultaneously relational, relative, and absolute. Without such a view of space—which understands that space is not always open and fluid but just as often closed and fixed—it is impossible to understand the specific relations of labour that structure gig work, particularly offline gig work in such ways as to provide maximal flexibility for customers. This paper shows that the Marxian adage concerning how, in capitalism, space is annihilated by time, does not always hold. For workers doing cleaning and delivery gig work, the converse is oftentimes truer: time is annihilated by space. Gig workers—and even more so <i>migrant</i> gig workers crowded in the above-mentioned industries—experience the annihilation of time by space through the dual mandate that they must be available “just-in-time” and “just-in-place” to produce the spatiotemporal flexibility upon which the gig companies base their model and their success.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘It hurts my heart’: Afghan women in London negotiating family relationships and (im)mobility regimes across borders","authors":"Louise Ryan,&nbsp;Maria Lopez,&nbsp;Mursal Rasa","doi":"10.1002/psp.2814","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2814","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper aims to contribute new insights into transnational care relationships by drawing on qualitative longitudinal data, to explore the complexities and nuances of Afghan women's dynamic family relations across multiple countries and continents. Rather than treating transnational families as a homogeneous unit, we present rich case studies to explore relationships with particular relatives, such as mothers, sisters and in-laws, to understand the different dynamics within specific familial ties. Paying attention to the specificities of spatial contexts and infrastructures in framing opportunities and obstacles to transnational care, we apply the concept of immobility regimes. Beyond a simple bi-national focus on countries of origin and residence, we explore how the women navigate these regimes, across multiple countries and different visa regimes to arrange in-person visits with geographically dispersed kin. We consider the role of ICTs and the limitations of poor connectivity, especially in countries like Afghanistan, and the gender power dynamics that may limit women's access to technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2814","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transnational social fields of Italian Bangladeshis in Europe and beyond: Towards a new geography of ways of belonging","authors":"Mohammad Morad,&nbsp;Devi Sacchetto,&nbsp;Anas Ansar","doi":"10.1002/psp.2819","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2819","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In view of the growing onward migration and multisited transnationalism among naturalized EU citizens, this article seeks to advance the current understanding of transnational social fields, cataloguing the complex interplays of migrants' ways of being, belonging, and in-betweenness across different places and spaces. Drawing on multisited qualitative research with Italian Bangladeshis in Italy and the United Kingdom, the paper presents how their ‘ways of being’ are expressed by maintaining transnational attachments to the country of origin and the wider Bangladeshi diaspora. In addition, they maintain transnational ‘ways of belonging’ by incorporating the Bengali language, culture, traditions, and values, and transmitting them to the next generation. Beyond these multiplicities of being and belonging, the findings put forward two important, yet contrasting, observations. On the one hand, there is an ongoing pursuit of onward migration to the UK among a section of the community—often influenced by social networks and transnational connections with the recognised Bangladeshi diaspora in the UK. Apart from being in the ‘community comfort zone’ and language advantage in the integration process, many migrants perceive living in the UK as having a higher ‘prestige’, ‘class’ or ‘status’ vis-a-vis Italy in terms of life quality, wealth, cultural, and religious freedom. On the other hand, another cohort is emotionally and culturally embedded in Italian societies and is in a dilemma of whether to migrate onward. In this process, they constantly blend, shift, and negotiate their ways of belonging. The findings unfold how a new geography of belonging takes shape, characterised by fluidities, multifaceted identities, and everyday life practices in a transnational space.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the association between (im)mobility and life satisfaction in Australia","authors":"Rosabella Borsellino,&nbsp;Elin Charles-Edwards,&nbsp;Aude Bernard,&nbsp;Jonathan Corcoran","doi":"10.1002/psp.2820","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2820","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stayers are an important component of the internal migration system, yet despite their numerical significance, they are often treated as ancillary to movers in the migration literature. As a result, there is a conflict between the mobility-centric view of immobility as undesirable and developing narratives which recognise staying as an active and consciously made decision. We therefore need to rethink immobility conceptually and empirically to shed light on a numerically dominant component of the population that has largely been neglected. Using Australia as a case study, this paper examines whether being a stayer has a positive or negative association with life satisfaction, and whether this relationship varies by (1) preference for staying or leaving, (2) between cities and regional areas, and (3) before and during the onset of the pandemic. By first reconceptualising staying as an active process and distinguishing between voluntary and involuntary stayers, life satisfaction outcomes are examined using four migration preference-behaviour types: <i>desired stayer</i>, <i>undesired stayer</i>, <i>desired mover</i> and <i>undesired mover</i>. Drawing on nationally representative survey data and regression modelling, results reveal important differences in life satisfaction outcomes between individuals expressing a preference for staying or leaving. Findings highlight that while satisfaction of stayers generally declined, being an <i>undesired stayer</i> was associated with a significantly greater loss of life satisfaction compared to being a <i>desired stayer</i>. The magnitude of this association was greater for <i>undesired stayers</i> in regional areas and those surveyed during the pandemic. These results illuminate the varied characteristics and outcomes of stayers within the Australian migration system, demonstrate the importance of acknowledging preference in theorisations of (im)mobility and emphasise the value of adopting an immobility-focused perspective on internal migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How many moves are too many? Repeat internal migration and subjective well-being in young adulthood in Australia","authors":"Jing Wu,&nbsp;Aude Bernard","doi":"10.1002/psp.2821","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2821","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite growing calls to analyse internal migration as a life-course trajectory, most studies use the last recorded migration based on a dichotomy between migrants and non-migrants. Leveraging the maturation of longitudinal surveys and methodological advances, this paper establishes the diversity and complexity of individual migration trajectories and their long-term association with subjective well-being. We apply sequence and cluster analysis to the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey data to establish the migration trajectories of millennials from the ages of 15–18 to 27–30 based on the timing, frequency, and direction of migration between regions. We then combine data mining techniques, machine learning algorithms and regression analysis to explore the association between internal migration trajectories and economic and social subjective well-being (SWB). We find that a full third of young adults are repeat migrants split between return migrants, serial onward migrants, and circular migrants. Repeat migrants often exhibit lower levels of life satisfaction. Successive migrations cumulatively shape life satisfaction, as shown by a negative association between serial onward migration and social SWB. Additionally, return migrants are less satisfied with their economic outcomes, particularly when return migration occurs after two consecutive onward migrations or when return migration occurs early in adulthood. Collectively, these results reveal heterogeneity in migration trajectories that are missed when migration is treated as a one-off event while suggesting that internal migrants operate a trade-off between social and economic outcomes over the life course.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social participation of low-income older adults in deprived urban neighborhoods in Amsterdam: A study among native Dutch, and Surinamese, Moroccan and Turkish migrants in The Netherlands","authors":"Sabine van der Greft","doi":"10.1002/psp.2816","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2816","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores differences in social participation among low-income older migrants and socioeconomically similar native Dutch older adults living in deprived neighborhoods in Amsterdam. It also analyzes experiences of social participation in relation to perceived neighborhood conditions. Analysis of 85 in-depth interviews reveals that the types of activities that low-income older adults participate in center around less demanding (collective) rather than more demanding (political and productive) forms of social participation. Differences in social participation were associated with personal characteristics and with neighborhood experiences. The findings articulate the dynamic and complex interaction between the competencies of older adults belonging to different ethnic communities and their diverse preferences and environmental needs. Older migrants living in areas where their own group is dominant enjoyed better access to ethnic services and experienced greater opportunities for social interaction. However, when compared to their native Dutch counterparts, they were more likely to encounter language barriers and to experience specific environmental problems, such as inadequate housing conditions and paid parking.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2816","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving into higher education: An examination of student mobility under the Independent Freshman Admission Program in China","authors":"Can Cui,&nbsp;Chengyuan Yu,&nbsp;Nanxi Chen,&nbsp;Xinghua Deng","doi":"10.1002/psp.2812","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2812","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Student mobility, as a significant component of population movements, shapes the distribution of intellectual individuals and reflects regional equity in access to higher education. In China, the National College Entrance Examination (Gaokao) traditionally governs university admissions through a province-based quota scheme. In 2003, the Independent Freshman Admission Program (IFAP) was introduced to enhance flexibility and university autonomy in the admissions process, in which no quota is set for each province, breaking geographical constraints. However, the extent to which the IFAP has impacted student mobility remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the province-to-university migration patterns under different higher education admission schemes, revealing IFAP's preference for recruiting students from provinces with well-developed basic education and a large student population. Furthermore, under the IFAP, students tend to flow to the top-ranked universities and concentrate in favourable locations, such as First-tier cities, while the quota allocation shows a more balanced distribution. These findings highlight the crucial role of policy in shaping student mobility, particularly within the context of strong institutional forces, and underscore the need to develop refined policies that balance equitable educational opportunities and regional equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporary migration and wage inequality: The effects of skills, nationality and migration status in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Ahmed Zohirul Islam,&nbsp;Francis L. Collins,&nbsp;Omoniyi B. Alimi","doi":"10.1002/psp.2811","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2811","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study focuses on the labour market dimensions of temporary migration by quantitatively exploring the relationship between temporary migration and wage inequality. Over recent decades, there has been a growing emphasis on migration management in shaping migration policies across the world, especially in the Anglophone settler societies. At the same time, temporary migration policies have been criticized for contributing to the creation of inequalities. This study investigates wage inequality among temporary migrants between 2010 and 2019 in Aotearoa New Zealand, a period when the number of people holding temporary visas more than doubled. Despite the increase in this population of temporary migrants, our analysis of administrative data has shown that the overall level of wage inequality of temporary migrants holding work visas declined between 2010 and 2019. The study uses the Shapley-value decomposition approach to quantify the contributions of skills, nationality and migration status on wage inequality, factors that are associated with the migration system and the composition of migrants. Results suggest that skills and nationality were the key factors that have led to decrease wage inequality over the period. In contrast, migration status has a small countervailing effect on the decreases in wage inequality. Our analysis concludes that wage inequality is shaped by two factors in the case of temporary migration. The first is the migration system itself which sets different conditions for migrants in terms of skills and migration status, and the second is the composition of the migrant population.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.2811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141769129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can heterolocalism explain the residential patterns of small populations of foreigners in Japan? The cases of Afghans, Laotians, Bolivians and Turks","authors":"Shuko Takeshita,&nbsp;Kazumasa Hanaoka,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Ishikawa","doi":"10.1002/psp.2813","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.2813","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines whether the residential patterns of small nationality-based ethnic groups in Japan, such as Afghans, Laotians, Bolivians and Turks, can be successfully explained by the model of heterolocalism, which is well-known for comprehensively explaining the patterns of new immigrants. This verification work is conducted based on census microdata, mapping and interviews with the foreigners. The model is characterized by five propositions, two of which are found not to apply to the Japanese case. Namely, regarding the ‘spatial dispersion’ proposition, a series of small-sized clusters of foreign inhabitants was confirmed, suggesting that nodal heterolocalism as a modified model is better than the original model. As for the proposition of ‘spatial disjuncture between home and work’, we find that the places of work and residence show spatial proximity rather than separation, reflecting the fact that most of the foreign inhabitants are engaged in blue-collar occupations. The obtained results serve as criticism of the heterolocalism model, which emphasizes that it is valid not only for the relatively privileged but also for certain lower-status groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}