{"title":"The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Internal Migration Trends in Türkiye and Medium-Term Forecasts for the Future","authors":"Salih Birinci, Yusuf Kızılkan","doi":"10.1002/psp.70186","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant effects on demographic mobility, economic systems, environmental changes, and social structures. In this study, using internal migration data from 2008 to 2023, the structure of interregional migration flows and internal migration trends in Türkiye during the COVID-19 pandemic were evaluated. The migration movements of the regions before and during the pandemic were analyzed using crude migration, migration effectiveness, and net migration methods to examine changes in interregional migration flows. In addition, the Bayesian ARIMA model was used to estimate short- and medium-term transformations in internal migration flows following the pandemic. This method was used to project internal migration flows at the regional level up to 2035. The analyses revealed a general decrease in migration intensity across all regions during the pandemic period. Furthermore, migration intensified significantly from metropolitan areas to smaller settlements and rural areas during the pandemic. The forecast model developed in the study predicts a decline in net migration rates in regions such as Istanbul in the coming years. In contrast, regions such as the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Western Anatolia are expected to receive more migration in the future. The study concluded that although the migration pull factor of metropolitan cities will weaken, they will retain this characteristic. Conversely, regions that have consistently experienced negative migration from the past to the present will continue to exhibit this characteristic in the coming period. The study's findings indicate that the impact of the reverse migration pattern observed during the COVID-19 pandemic on internal migration flows was short-lived. In this regard, the study has the potential to contribute to the planning of migration management policies, particularly by providing forecasts of migration flows and internal migration burdens at the regional level in the short and medium term.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145968451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zan Strabac, Marko Valenta, Sanja Klempic Bogadi, Jakub Stachowski
{"title":"Retaining and Increasing Population in Island Communities: A Comparative Case Study of Two Islands in Norway and Croatia","authors":"Zan Strabac, Marko Valenta, Sanja Klempic Bogadi, Jakub Stachowski","doi":"10.1002/psp.70175","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Population loss is one of the main challenges facing smaller island communities in Europe. In this study, we conduct a comparative analysis of population challenges in two island communities: one in Croatia and one in Norway. These two island communities have been struggling with slow, but very long-term population decline. They have also both experienced an economic upswing in recent decades, resulting in fairly large numbers of labour immigrants coming to the islands. However, the large-scale labour immigration resulted in differing long-term outcomes. The island community in Norway has been able to reverse the population decline by retaining labour immigrants, while the Croatian one has not been able to do so. We provide explanations for the diverging outcomes, focusing on the nature of employment possibilities, the housing market, and immigrants' social networks. The findings are relevant to broader discussions on the role of immigration in demographic revival, as well as the potentials and limitations of labour and lifestyle migration for population increase on small islands.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145893911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does Urban Regeneration Lead to Gentrification? An Empirical Analysis Based on Big Data","authors":"Chaowei Xiao, Wangyu Chen, Xinrui Wu, Helin Liu, Minwei Zhang","doi":"10.1002/psp.70176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.70176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amid rapid urban transformation across the Global South, gentrification is widely understood as a product of large-scale urban regeneration jointly driven by state and market forces. This study employs a big data-integrated approach to empirically confirm that urban regeneration in Beijing significantly contributes to gentrification, yet the impacts vary notably across different implementing entities. Projects implemented by governments and local government financing platforms (LGFPs) generally show minimal gentrification effects, suggesting stronger protection of public interests in urban regeneration. In contrast, market-oriented projects lack effective mechanisms to achieve equity goals. Regeneration-induced gentrification exhibits a concentric spatial pattern, with its impacts being stronger within the Sixth Ring Road than in peripheral suburban areas. However, within the innermost core area (within the Third Ring Road), urban regeneration tends to suppress gentrification, reflecting the government's policy orientation and the involvement of public capital in promoting public welfare and reducing population density in the city's core. This study reveals the differentiated socio-spatial impacts of urban regeneration under distinct implementation approaches, offering new empirical evidence and perspectives for understanding gentrification in the context of the Global South.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145891599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Postmemory and Emotion of the 1989 Romanian Revolution Among Y and Z Generations","authors":"Alina Satmari, Remus Crețan, Denisa-Maria Birău","doi":"10.1002/psp.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent studies on postsocialist postmemory have underscored the importance of understanding how this form of memory operates among younger generations. This study analyzes the manifestation of postmemory and the associated emotional responses to the 1989 Romanian Revolution among young people in Timișoara, the city where the uprising began. Drawing on the frameworks of <i>lieu de mémoire</i> and collective memory, the research explores how this historical event, which involves affective spaces and transmitted narratives, is internalized by Generations Y and Z. We employed two brief Q-surveys conducted during the Revolution's commemorative periods in 2019 and 2024, with emotions analyzed using an adapted version of Plutchik's Wheel and Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR). The findings indicate that youth postmemory is characterized by symbolic empathy, with dominant emotions being sadness, solidarity, and gratitude. While the 2019 analysis found no significant overall emotional differences between Generations Y and Z, the 2024 model for Generation Z revealed that family involvement significantly inhibited anger, decreasing the likelihood of reporting it. These results confirm that memory experience is stratified by contextual and familial factors and provide a novel generational comparison of postmemory emotions concerning the 1989 Revolution. The study underscores the necessity of continuous monitoring to prevent the deterioration of this crucial collective memory. The findings demonstrate that postmemory is an inherited coping strategy that facilitates Generation Z's conscious and functional engagement with a complex historical legacy, rather than succumbing to passive emotional burdens.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.70174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Negotiating the Rural Promise: A Comparison of Pre- and Post-Migration Lifestyles Among Migrants in Muğla, Türkiye","authors":"Sezen Savran Penbecioglu","doi":"10.1002/psp.70179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.70179","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article examines the lifestyles of people who have migrated from Türkiye's major metropolitan centres to Muğla province, analysing how their social, economic and spatial conditions change as a result of relocation. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 30 migrants, the analysis traces three interconnected phases of migration: the decision to relocate and adaptation, the adjustment to everyday life in the new setting, and the efforts to establish spatial permanence. Migration was found to be motivated by dissatisfaction with metropolitan life, including the increasing densities, socially disconnected lifestyles, long and exhausting commutes, and limited access to open spaces. Relocation decisions were noted to be driven by pre-migration imaginaries centred on autonomy and proximity to nature, shaping both the expectations and post-migration practices of the respondents. Many of the respondents reported improvements in time management, mobility and social interactions, as well as easier and more frequent engagement with natural environments. Yet these positive experiences were offset by such challenges as rising housing costs, limited infrastructure, seasonal fluctuations and uneven integration. Efforts to attain spatial permanence were therefore marked by uncertainty. Only a few of the respondents were actively considering moving again, while many remained undecided, suggesting that permanence is conditional rather than assured. This ambivalence intersects with a broader paradox: as the appeal of nature-oriented lifestyles grows, former desirable rural destinations begin to experience densification and urbanisation. Overall, the study conceptualises lifestyle migration as a negotiated temporal process that reshapes individual trajectories and rural geographies in Türkiye.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Internet Use in Internal Migration: Evidence From China","authors":"Yuyao Li, Youqin Huang","doi":"10.1002/psp.70178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICTs), there has been a growing interest in the effect of the internet on internal migration. This study contributes to the emerging literature by exploring the relationship between internet use and internal migration at different spatial scales in contemporary China. Using longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), we find that internet use facilitates long-distance inter-provincial migration, a result robust to individual fixed effects and instrumental variable estimations. In contrast, no significant effect is observed for short-distance inter-county migration. Further analyses show that the duration of internet use has a positive non-linear effect on inter-provincial migration with diminishing marginal effects. Moreover, the impact of different online activities is also heterogeneous: frequent engagement in socializing and entertainment activities significantly facilitates inter-provincial migration, while study, work, and e-transaction activities show no significant impact. Consistent with this, latent class analysis (LCA) of respondents’ internet use behaviors indicates that the latent class, “work users”, shows no significant difference from non-internet users on migration, whereas “hyper-users”, “leisure users”, and “inactive-users” exhibit a significantly higher likelihood of migrating. Finally, the analysis of potential channels elucidates how internet use influences migration through information acquisition and the strengthening of family ties. This study contributes to the growing body of literature by providing new insights into the role of internet use and technology in general in internal migration from a micro-level perspective.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145887667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Josef Novotný, Anna Levkova, Dušan Drbohlav, Jiří Hasman
{"title":"Drivers of Return Plans Among Ukrainian War Refugees in Czechia: Challenging Common Assumptions and Refining the Theory","authors":"Josef Novotný, Anna Levkova, Dušan Drbohlav, Jiří Hasman","doi":"10.1002/psp.70177","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines return plans of forcibly displaced persons from Ukraine in Czechia, which has one of the highest relative shares of Ukrainian refugees in population. It draws on data from two rounds of cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2022 (<i>N</i> = 1037) and 2023 (<i>N</i> = 350), including a panel subsample (<i>N</i> = 116). Using exploratory network analysis and structural equation modelling informed by the theory of planned behaviour, the study captures the complexity of drivers and mechanisms underlying refugees' decision-making. Empirically, it moves beyond the predominantly descriptive literature on Ukrainian refugees' return plans. Theoretically, it advances understanding of how (forced) migration aspirations are formed. Findings challenge the assumption that return plans decline naturally with time and integration. Instead, shifts in perceived control over return drive individual-level changes over time, while social norms, particularly family pressures, strongly influence cross-sectional variations. These psychosocial drivers and return plans are shaped more by attachment to Ukraine (emotional, social, identity-related and material) than by integration levels or hardships in Czechia, including policy restrictions on refugees' well-being. Our findings support the need for balanced return policies that acknowledge social ties, enhance perceptions of return feasibility and offer flexible pathways to prevent return from being seen as irreversible.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.70177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145847359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katrin Schwanitz, Elina Kilpi-Jakonen, Aleksi Seger
{"title":"Leaving Home in Finland: A Comparison by Migration Origin and Neighbourhood Context","authors":"Katrin Schwanitz, Elina Kilpi-Jakonen, Aleksi Seger","doi":"10.1002/psp.70172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines how immigrant origin and neighbourhood environment intersect to shape the timing and pathways of leaving the parental home in Finland, a comparatively new migration destination. Using large-scale longitudinal Finnish register data for the 1990–1995 birth cohorts (<i>N</i> = 369,629), we analyse the dynamics of leaving home among majority and immigrant-origin young adults. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, that the socio-spatial environment shapes leaving-home behaviour among different immigrant-origin groups in Finland, providing a more nuanced understanding of this emplaced process. We employ discrete-time competing-risks event history models to analyse three transitions out of the parental home: independence, cohabitation and marriage. The results reveal that as the proportion of majority Finns in their neighbourhood increases, young adults with an immigrant background increasingly resemble their majority peers in their leaving-home behaviour, except for those from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the Balkans and former Yugoslavia. Furthermore, we find no evidence of a differential effect of the neighbourhood environment on men's and women's leaving-home pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.70172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Return or Regularization? A Temporal Analysis of Rejected Asylum Seekers in Germany","authors":"Laura Peitz","doi":"10.1002/psp.70170","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the temporal dynamics and policy influences on pathways out of irregular(ized) status among rejected asylum seekers in Germany through the lens of temporal liminality, a concept highlighting the indefinite waiting and uncertainty faced by migrants in transitional legal states. Using longitudinal administrative data spanning 2013 to 2022, the study employs event history analysis within a competing risks framework to analyse three primary pathways: voluntary departure, deportation, and regularization. The findings reveal that voluntary departures are most common within the first 2 years of an irregular(ized) stay, while regularization becomes increasingly likely over longer durations, reflecting the role of time in shaping opportunities for status stabilization. Deportations remain uncommon, underscoring the legal, logistical, and humanitarian challenges in enforcing removal orders. The research also evaluates the effects of safe-country classifications and variations in temporary suspensions of deportation (<i>Duldung</i>). The safe-country policy is shown to have limited direct impact on pathways out of irregularity. In contrast, the type of <i>Duldung</i> significantly affects outcomes: employment- and training-based <i>Duldung</i> types foster regularization, while the more restrictive <i>Duldung</i> issued to individuals with unclear identity prolongs irregular(ized) stays. By incorporating the concept of temporal liminality, this study contributes a nuanced understanding of how time interacts with policy frameworks and individual circumstances to shape migration trajectories. The findings call for migration policies that balance enforcement with support, emphasizing the importance of timely and structured pathways to regularization to address the socio-economic and legal challenges of prolonged liminality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decision-Making Processes of Young African Migrants Seeking to Enhance Their Livelihoods in Accra, Ghana","authors":"S. O. Kwankye, Spencer G, E. Dankyi, J. Thompson","doi":"10.1002/psp.70171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/psp.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young people are increasingly migrating within their own countries and across different countries to enhance their livelihoods. These migrations are often driven by economic factors, with young people seeking to take advantage of opportunities that are less available at their places of origin. At the centre of these migrations are the range of decisions young people go through, which are often not entirely taken by themselves alone. In this context, we explore via a qualitative investigation of young migrants in Accra, Ghana, the decision-making processes these young migrants engaged in to understand the complex system of interactions involved. Data collection employed in-depth interviews and focus group discussions among migrants of 15–24 years from within Ghana, and other neighbouring West African countries, bound together by the ECOWAS Protocol on free movement; namely, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Burkina Faso and Niger. Our findings reveal that for young migrants, ‘independent’ pre-migration decision means less dependent on household parents but often linked to supportive roles including funds provision by their peers, parents and other close relatives abroad that concretize their final decisions to migrate. Considering the complex decision-making processes young people traverse, our paper broadens the scope of researching young people's migration decision-making architecture in Western Africa to be understood within the context of the New Economics of Migration Theory where migration decisions are more collectively taken to maximize income and employment opportunities while minimizing risks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145717538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}