Journal of Experimental Criminology最新文献

{"title":"The effect of pre-release treatment with injectable naltrexone on criminal justice and substance use outcomes: Results from a randomized controlled trial","authors":"C. Clare Strange, Jordan M. Hyatt, Chase Montagnet, Kathleen Powell, Daniel D. Langleben","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09661-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09661-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Evaluate the impact of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) on postrelease criminal justice contact and substance use among individuals with opioid use disorder in correctional settings.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A randomized waitlist-controlled trial was conducted. The treatment group (<i>n</i> = 47) received XR-NTX shortly before release, and the comparison group (<i>n</i> = 47) was put on a waitlist for treatment at six months post-release. Outcomes were measured at 3 and 6 months post-release and included new arrests, parole revocations, reincarceration, and positive drug tests. Data were analyzed using <i>t</i>-tests and Kaplan–Meier survival estimates.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>At 3 months post-release, the treatment group had marginally fewer parole revocations. At 6 months, there were no significant differences in criminal justice or substance use outcomes, though the treatment group had fewer positive drug tests and a longer time to first positive drug test.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>There is limited evidence that XR-NTX reduces poor criminal justice and substance use outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framing the harms of wrongful convictions: how different narratives shape public opinion","authors":"Sishi Wu, Robert J. Norris","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09660-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09660-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>This research examines whether highlighting different harms of wrongful convictions has differential effects on public attitudes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We use an online survey-experiment with 970 respondents recruited through CloudResearch’s MTurk Toolkit. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of five conditions: (1) no-information control group, (2) wrongful conviction narrative, (3) wrongful conviction narrative + exoneree harm, (4) wrongful conviction narrative + original crime victim harm, and (5) wrongful conviction narrative + actual offender harm. We then assessed respondents’ victimization concerns and policy preferences.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Highlighting different harms of wrongful convictions generally did not affect victimization concerns and had little effect on policy preferences. However, narratives about the exoneree’s suffering and public safety concerns consistently increased public support for exoneree compensation. We also found slight ideological differences in responses.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The findings support the notion that the consequences of wrongful convictions for public opinion are nuanced, dynamic, and multifaceted.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Now you see it, now you don’t: social systematic observation of physical disorder using Google Street View","authors":"Lisa M. Pierotte, Lauren Porter, Alaina De Biasi","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09655-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09655-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Dilapidated or neglected aspects of the built environment — such as abandoned houses or litter — are recognized across disciplines as harmful to community wellbeing and safety. Researchers utilize a variety of tools to observe these items, with Google Street View (GSV) being among the most recent advances. While GSV allows researchers to virtually visit locations without the time, cost, and resources required to go in-person, the validity and reliability of these observations may raise concerns. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this study, we examine inter-method and inter-coder reliability for 22 items consistent with established indicators of physical disorder and guardianship. We compare physical disorder observations across 5 researchers who coded 30 streets in Baltimore City, both in-person and using GSV.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Using the intra-class correlation coefficient, we find higher reliability across coders and methods for items that are less transitory (e.g., boarded up windows). In addition, consistency issues between GSV and in-person methods were prevalent and largely pointed to validity issues in GSV. Specifically, many items that were observed in person were “missed” in GSV.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>While our findings indicate a preference for the validity and reliability of in-person observation, they do not serve as a final verdict on the utility of GSV. </p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental study on the effect of prosecutorial Brady violations on confidence in exonerating individuals wrongfully convicted of murder","authors":"John C. Navarro, Michael A. Hansen","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09658-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09658-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>While several contributing factors can lead to wrongful convictions, it is unclear whether the public perceives these methods of exonerating convicted murderers differently.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We distributed an online survey to a nationally representative sample of 1193 individuals. After reading a prompt about the increased attention and production of digital media on wrongful convictions and exonerations, respondents were randomized into two conditions to evaluate their confidence in the exoneration of a convicted murderer across four contributing factors. The experimental condition contained the addition of prosecutorial misconduct in withholding evidence.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Public confidence in wrongful conviction exonerations varied across the four contributing factors, with DNA evidence consistently held in the highest regard. Confidence then followed a descending order, beginning with police-induced forced confessions, false testimonies, and eyewitness statements, with all three showing increased confidence ratings when prosecutorial misconduct was involved.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The public distinguishes between contributing factors in murder exonerations. DNA is the most trusted evidence for murder exonerations regardless of misconduct, while confidence in the other contributing factors to exonerate murderers significantly increases when prosecutorial misconduct is present.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond conventional metrics: the elusive impact of the Pilares program on crime in Mexico City","authors":"Carlos Vilalta, Oscar Sanchez-Siordia, Pablo Lopez-Ramirez, Gustavo Fondevila","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09656-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09656-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the Pilares community program on crime rates and crime harm in Mexico City during the period from 2019 to 2023.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Employing a staggered difference-in-differences methodology, we examined the effects of the Pilares program on three crime metrics—Crime Rate (CR), Crime Harm per Resident (CHIP), and Crime Harm per Victim (CHIV)—within 10-block and 20-block areas surrounding the Pilares centers.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The analysis did not detect statistically significant changes in the CR, CHIP, or CHIV that could be attributed to the Pilares program. Unexpectedly, a slight increase in the CR was observed in 2023 within the 20-block areas surrounding the program sites.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The results of our analysis suggest that the Pilares program did not impact crime rates or related harm within the evaluated timeframe. This finding underscores the complexities involved in assessing community-based interventions in high-crime vulnerable areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142936693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the impacts of race, addiction, drug type, and criminal record on public support for criminalized and medicalized sentencing approaches toward illegal drug use","authors":"Carolina R. Caliman, Colleen M. Berryessa","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09657-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09657-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>This study examines how a defendant’s addiction, prior criminal record, race, and drug type impact public support for criminalized and medicalized sentencing approaches to illegal drug use, as well as how such support may be moderated by participants’ levels of essentialist thinking.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study is a fully-crossed, randomized experiment with a lay public sample (<i>N</i> = 1208).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Public support for medicalized approaches to sentencing was significantly higher for oxycodone and heroin. Support for criminalized approaches was significantly higher for crack and cocaine, and when the defendant was Hispanic, Black, or had a violent criminal record. Essentialist thinking generally predicted increased support for criminalized approaches, but increased support for medicalized approaches when addiction was known.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This research highlights the role of different factors in shaping public support for drug sentencing approaches, as well as suggests that public attitudes about drugs are deeply intertwined with societal narratives about race, addiction, and criminality.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142936690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of safety interventions on open drug markets in a small Swedish municipality using synthetic control methods","authors":"Vania Ceccato, Marco Antonio Jorge, Gabriel Gliori","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09652-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09652-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We analyze the impact of the “Stoppa droghandeln” (“Stop the drug trade”) program, a set of safety interventions aimed at reducing crime, particularly drug-related crimes, in a small Swedish municipality (Österåker) from 2018 to 2023.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We use a count-based synthetic control approach to compare police crime data before and after beginning the safety interventions (“Stop the drug trade”). This quasi-experimental design was used to infer the causal effects of “Stop the drug trade” on crime, using an evaluation framework including several robustness tests with different crime types. Cluster detection analysis was also used to monitor potential changes in the geography of open drug markets.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>In 2023, Österåker performed better than 82% of all Swedish municipalities for drug-related offenses. Estimates indicate that 3221 crimes were prevented in Österåker, including 589 less drug-related offenses. However, the non-significant <i>p</i>-values suggest that Österåker’s crime reduction did not outperform most other municipalities. While this could be due to other municipalities implementing their own interventions, the magnitude and consistency of the treatment effects across crime types in Österåker make it unlikely that these results occurred by chance. In terms of geography, clusters of drug-related offenses were stable, and after the interventions, they became more concentrated in particular places.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This study’s findings underscore the potential impact of a blend of social and situational crime prevention interventions to reduce drug-related offenses and other crimes in a small municipality. The Österåker case demonstrates that strategies should target specific types of crime and monitor possible shifts in crime concentration across different parts of the study area over time. The synthetic control method helped isolate the impact of safety interventions on drug-related crime, demonstrating its value as a tool for policy evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A commentary on Duan et al.: RNR’s luster remains","authors":"James Bonta, Paul Gendreau","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09654-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09654-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives </h3><p>Duan et al. (2024) published a meta-analysis in this journal claiming that the risk-need-responsivity principles are not “golden”.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We challenge their conclusion by pointing out some major errors in their literature search and classification of studies.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results </h3><p>Central to our argument is that Duan and his colleagues incorrectly identified a significant number of RNR studies as non-RNR. Consequently, their results led to an incorrect conclusion.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our re-analysis of their data finds that the RNR principles remain highly relevant to the rehabilitation field.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Police recruitment through an intergroup communication lens: a randomized experiment","authors":"Shawn L. Hill, Laure Brimbal, Edward R. Maguire, Eve Stephens","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09659-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09659-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Many police agencies now find it difficult to recruit and retain officers. To learn more about these issues, we used a factorial survey experiment to test whether recruitment materials inspired by the intergroup communication literature are more effective than standard police recruitment materials.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We showed vignettes to a sample of 378 communication students. Within the vignettes, we varied how a policewoman described her career and her life. We then measured the extent to which the treatment conditions influenced participants’ general attitudes toward police and specific attitudes toward working in policing.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The treatment did not have significant effects on the two general attitudinal outcomes, but did have significant effects on respondents’ interest in working in policing.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Incorporating principles from the study of intergroup communication can help police agencies attract a larger and more potentially diverse pool of candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of medication-assisted treatment in opioid using offenders in German prisoners—treatment outcomes in prison and after release","authors":"Mark Stemmler, Kerstin Geißelsöder, Maren Weiss, Mavi Hornegger, Johann Endres","doi":"10.1007/s11292-024-09653-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-024-09653-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>The aim of this study was to examine the long-term effects of medication-assisted treatment after release from prison. We compared prisoners receiving medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) to prisoners receiving no MOUD, on a number of outcome variables. Self-reported drug use was confirmed with laboratory tests.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A sample of 247 prisoners in German prisons completed the European Addiction Severity Index shortly before release. Subjects were contacted again at 1, 3–6, and 12 months after release for telephone interviews.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Compared to no-MOUD subjects, MOUD subjects reported fewer illegal opioids and significantly fewer non-prescribed substitution medications. MOUD participants showed high treatment continuity through 12 months. Benefits of MOUD peaked at 3–6 months; effects were reduced at 12 months. Convergent validity of the self-report measure of drug use with laboratory drug screenings was satisfactorily high (~ 71% convergence).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>For long-term sustainability of MOUD effects, additional psychosocial interventions are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}