Journal of General Psychology最新文献_第2页

Agency. 机构。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2433277

Peter R Killeen, Stephen Helms Tillery, Felipe Cabrera

{"title":"Agency.","authors":"Peter R Killeen, Stephen Helms Tillery, Felipe Cabrera","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2433277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2024.2433277","url":null,"abstract":"Agency is action aimed at goals selected by an agent. A deterministic world view leaves scant room for agency. To reconcile the arguments, we represent action as nested control systems, ranging from clearly deterministic to clearly volitional. Negative feedback minimizes deviations from setpoints (goals). Goals are determined by higher modules in a hierarchy of systems, ranging from gamma-efferent spindles through reflexes to operant responses; these last, and the larger system that contains them, called the Self, comprise volitional agents. When operants become habitual they descend to closed teleonomic systems-automaticity. Change in emotional states, and unpredicted changes in the context-raise them back to full volitional systems. At the highest level is the Self-the brain's model of the agent. When aroused out of open teleonomic functioning, it must reconsider means and ends. It does so by simulating action plans, using the same neural systems it uses to effect them. The simulated stimuli and responses are conscious, approximating their perceptions as experienced in real time; this verisimilitude gives them their hedonic value. Positive feedback plays a key role in these complex adaptive systems, as it focuses and holds attention on the most salient percepts and goals, permitting the self-organization of action plans. The Self is not a separate entity, but a colloquy of command modules wearing the avatar of the agent. This system is put into correspondence with Grossberg's Adaptive Resonance Theory. Free will and determinism emerge not as binary opposites, but the modulating inputs to a spectrum of systems.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inducing strategies to solve a mental rotation task is possible: evidence from a sex-related eye-tracking analysis. 解决心理旋转任务的诱导策略是可能的：来自与性有关的眼球追踪分析的证据。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2433287

Laura M Fernández-Méndez, Laura Cepero Amores, Isabel Orenes, Antonio Prieto, Antonio Rodán, Pedro R Montoro, Julia Mayas, Raúl Cabestrero, María José Contreras

{"title":"Inducing strategies to solve a mental rotation task is possible: evidence from a sex-related eye-tracking analysis.","authors":"Laura M Fernández-Méndez, Laura Cepero Amores, Isabel Orenes, Antonio Prieto, Antonio Rodán, Pedro R Montoro, Julia Mayas, Raúl Cabestrero, María José Contreras","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2433287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2024.2433287","url":null,"abstract":"The study of spatial skills is gaining importance due to their relevance in everyday activities and their critical role in developing competencies across various academic disciplines. The main goal of this study was to explore whether mental rotation strategies, such as the so-called holistic -rotating an entire object- and piecemeal -rotating individual parts of the object- approaches, can be induced, and whether sex differences emerge during the process of strategy induction. This objective holds a pivotal role as it could lead to the enhancement of mental rotation abilities and the development of effective interventions. To achieve this, a mental rotation task was conducted while eye movements were recorded. In the first block, participants solved the task freely, while in the second block, they received instructions to solve it through either a holistic (42 participants) or a piecemeal (43 participants) strategy in a between-subjects design. In both strategies, participants showed better performance in the second block compared to the first. Males outperformed females. The holistic strategy resulted in faster reaction times in the second block. The number of fixations and saccadic movements decreased in the second block compared to the first for the holistic strategy, while the piecemeal strategy exhibited the opposite ocular pattern. These results indicate that effective mental rotation strategies were successfully elicited. No sex differences were found in the analyzed eye movement variables.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Honesty starts from within: conceptualization and multimethod measurement of self-honesty as a core value. 诚信从内部开始：自我诚信作为核心价值的概念和多方法测量。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2433289

E I Gorlin, C Huong, C Warren, S Weissman, Monica Langevin, J Durso, R T Johnson, C Mikula, T Gaugler, S J Wenze

{"title":"Honesty starts from within: conceptualization and multimethod measurement of self-honesty as a core value.","authors":"E I Gorlin, C Huong, C Warren, S Weissman, Monica Langevin, J Durso, R T Johnson, C Mikula, T Gaugler, S J Wenze","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2433289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2024.2433289","url":null,"abstract":"While the construct of self-deception has received ample theoretical and empirical attention, its virtuous counterpart-self-honesty-has been largely neglected. Yet, as argued here and elsewhere, the metacognitive practice of being honest with oneself may be among the most crucial concomitants of psychological growth and change. Consequently, drawing on theory and research from across several disciplines, this paper proposes a novel framework for understanding and measuring self-honesty as a core value. Using data from three separate studies that explore self-honesty via a newly developed self-report, implicit association test and an ecological momentary assessment measure, findings offer preliminary support for the construct of self-honesty as a distinct, psychometrically valid and reliable construct with relevance to multiple indices of psychological functioning. Pending further research, these findings have potentially far-reaching implications for our understanding and promotion of human virtue and flourishing.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of the End of a Romantic Relationship in Peruvian Youth and Adults: A Machine Learning Approach. 秘鲁青少年和成年人恋爱关系结束的预测：机器学习方法

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2433278

José Ventura-León, Cristopher Lino-Cruz, Andy Rick Sánchez-Villena, Shirley Tocto-Muñoz, Renzo Martinez-Munive, Karim Talledo-Sánchez, Kenia Casiano-Valdivieso

{"title":"Prediction of the End of a Romantic Relationship in Peruvian Youth and Adults: A Machine Learning Approach.","authors":"José Ventura-León, Cristopher Lino-Cruz, Andy Rick Sánchez-Villena, Shirley Tocto-Muñoz, Renzo Martinez-Munive, Karim Talledo-Sánchez, Kenia Casiano-Valdivieso","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2433278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2024.2433278","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effectiveness of machine learning models in predicting the end of romantic relationships among Peruvian youth and adults, considering various socioeconomic and personal attributes. The study implements logistic regression, gradient boosting, support vector machines, and decision trees on SMOTE-balanced data using a sample of 429 individuals to improve model robustness and accuracy. Using stratified random sampling, the data is split into training (80%) and validation (20%) sets. The models are evaluated through 10-fold cross-validation, focusing on accuracy, F1-score, AUC, sensitivity, and specificity metrics. The Random Forest model is the preferred algorithm because of its superior performance in all evaluation metrics. Hyperparameter tuning was conducted to optimize the model, identifying key predictors of relationship dissolution, including negative interactions, desire for emotional infidelity, and low relationship satisfaction. SHAP analysis was utilized to interpret the directional impact of each variable on the prediction outcomes. This study underscores the potential of machine learning tools in providing deep insights into relationship dynamics, suggesting their application in personalized therapeutic interventions to enhance relationship quality and reduce the incidence of breakups. Future research should incorporate larger and more diverse datasets to further validate these findings.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Someone just posted on Instagram: Conspicuous consumption, anticipated engagement, and trait mindfulness. 有人刚刚在 Instagram 上发帖了：显性消费、预期参与和特质心智。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2404399

Cleoputri Yusainy, Ika Fitria, Thoyyibatus Sarirah, Muhammad Haikal Azaim Barlaman, Jeremy Alexander Timothy, Michelle Gloria Effendi, Yeni Setiawati, Nora Silvana, Wahyu Wicaksono, Adjie Santosoputro

{"title":"Someone just posted on Instagram: Conspicuous consumption, anticipated engagement, and trait mindfulness.","authors":"Cleoputri Yusainy, Ika Fitria, Thoyyibatus Sarirah, Muhammad Haikal Azaim Barlaman, Jeremy Alexander Timothy, Michelle Gloria Effendi, Yeni Setiawati, Nora Silvana, Wahyu Wicaksono, Adjie Santosoputro","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2404399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2024.2404399","url":null,"abstract":"The practice of \"flexing,\" showing off one's wealth and status, gradually penetrates daily life on various social media platforms, most notably Instagram. We investigated the extent to which exposure to conspicuous consumption by a stranger stimulated the viewers' materialistic aspiration and whether this effect could be mediated by anticipated engagement and moderated by trait mindfulness. A large number of Instagram users in Indonesia (N = 2,296, 75.30% female; Mage = 31.14 years old, SDage = 7.09) completed the trait mindfulness scale, randomly received a single Instagram photo showcasing luxury material vs. experiential purchase, provided an estimate of the intensity of love and comment from other viewers (i.e., anticipated engagement), and filled out the materialistic aspiration scale. Participants exposed to material purchase reported higher aspiration than those exposed to experiential purchase, but lower anticipated engagements also reduced materialistic aspiration. Participants with higher trait mindfulness were better at distinguishing the effects of conspicuous consumption on anticipated engagement and materialistic aspiration. These findings indicate that the viewers' anticipation of collective attention could reverse the impact of exposure to conspicuous consumption and the potential of trait mindfulness as an anti-mimetic quality for situational materialism.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meaning matters: linking proactive vitality management to subjective well-being. 意义很重要：将积极主动的活力管理与主观幸福感联系起来。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2317241

Jianwei Zhang, Wenfeng Zheng, Haihong Li, Weijun Hua, Mengmeng Fu

引用次数: 0

Roles of expressed gratitude and apologies in predicting reciprocal responsiveness. 表示感谢和道歉在预测互惠反应中的作用。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2317248

Tatsuya Imai, Mamoru Sakura

引用次数: 0

Don't worry, they get the idea: instructions have no impact on dehumanization ratings on the Ascent of Human Scale. 别担心，他们会明白的：指令对 "人类阶梯 "上的非人化评级没有影响。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2300145

Devin L Johnson, Sukhvinder S Obhi

引用次数: 0

Corruption and hierarchy: a replication of studies 1c and 6 of Fath & Kay 2018. 腐败与等级制度：复制 Fath & Kay 2018 年的研究 1c 和 6。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2317247

Thomas Rhys Evans, Renata Kviatkovskyte, Susannah O'Regan, Shernay A Adolph, Nishat Tasnim, Floriana O Nkagbu Chukwudi, Tereza Wildova, Maja M Krzan

引用次数: 0

Strategic deception in call centers: impacts on well-being, cognition, and work motivation. 呼叫中心的策略性欺骗：对幸福感、认知和工作动力的影响。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2327323

Felicito Jabutay, Eunice Barbara Novio, Xyle Fe Verbal

{"title":"Strategic deception in call centers: impacts on well-being, cognition, and work motivation.","authors":"Felicito Jabutay, Eunice Barbara Novio, Xyle Fe Verbal","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2327323","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2327323","url":null,"abstract":"The literature indicated that deceivers in face-to-face communication experience psychological strains derived from guilt or distress associated with violating conversational rules. We proposed that this also applies to telephone-mediated deception. Drawing insights from the theoretical and empirical literature, we surmised that strategic trickery utilized by outsourced call center agents would elicit adverse psychological reactions that have unfavorable impacts on their well-being, cognition, and work motivation. We used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses using data from a sample of 554 outsourced Filipino call service agents who worked graveyard shifts to cater to mainly American customers. The results suggested that strategic deception increases the experience of cognitive dissonance while negatively impacting psychological well-being and intrinsic work motivation. The results also showed that dissonance negatively influences well-being and intrinsic motivation and partially mediates the deception-motivation relationship. Unlike previous findings, however, our multivariate analyses revealed that well-being and motivation were not correlated. Our original findings have theoretical and practical implications.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"597-623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140068855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0