Journal of General Psychology最新文献_第2页

Parental social status, parent-child relationship quality, and maternal trait emotional stability as predictors of children's cognitive ability at age 7 years: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study. 父母社会地位、亲子关系质量和母亲特质情绪稳定性作为7岁儿童认知能力的预测因子：来自千年队列研究的发现。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2025.2587882

Helen Cheng, Adrian Furnham

{"title":"Parental social status, parent-child relationship quality, and maternal trait emotional stability as predictors of children's cognitive ability at age 7 years: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study.","authors":"Helen Cheng, Adrian Furnham","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2025.2587882","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2025.2587882","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored a longitudinal dataset of 10,663 children (50% girls) to examine a set of psychological and socio-demographic factors that influenced children's cognitive ability (intelligence test scores) at the age of 7 years, using a large, nationally representative birth cohort. We set out to test a model based on the longitudinal nature of the data which was gathered at three points in time. Results of correlational analyses showed that parental social status indicators (parental education and family income), maternal psychological distress, parent-child relationship quality, maternal traits extraversion and emotional stability were all significantly associated with children's cognitive ability/intelligence. Structural equation modeling showed that parental social status had a relatively strong influence on children's cognitive ability (path coefficient = 0.49, p < 0.001). Further, parent-child relationship quality (path coefficient = 0.10, p < 0.001) and maternal trait emotional stability (path coefficient = 0.04, p < 0.05) had significant but very modest direct effects on the outcome variable, accounting for 28% of the variance. A significance of mediation test showed that parent-child relationship quality was both a predictor and a mediator (z = 7.16, p < 0.001), that the effect of maternal psychological distress on children's cognitive ability in part, mediated through parent-child relationship quality. The implications and limitations are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"287-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of online content-focused coaching on reducing the risk of professional burnout among elementary school teachers: The example of educational leadership in the United Arab Emirates. 在线内容指导对降低小学教师职业倦怠风险的影响：以阿拉伯联合酋长国教育领导为例。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2025.2587892

Asma Khaleel Abdallah

{"title":"Effects of online content-focused coaching on reducing the risk of professional burnout among elementary school teachers: The example of educational leadership in the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Asma Khaleel Abdallah","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2025.2587892","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2025.2587892","url":null,"abstract":"Teacher burnout - manifested through emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment remains a challenge affecting educational quality and teacher well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an online content-focused coaching (CFC) program in reducing burnout among elementary school teachers. An experimental design was employed with 200 participants from Abu Dhabi, Al Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Ajman and Om Alquin, randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Over six months, the experimental group participated in a structured online CFC program, while the control group continued their usual activities. Burnout levels were measured at pretest and post-test using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Independent t-tests revealed significant reductions in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a notable increase in personal accomplishment in the experimental group compared to the control group. These findings confirm the efficacy of content-focused coaching as an evidence-based strategy for supporting teachers' psychological well-being. The flexibility of the online format highlights its potential for scalable professional development interventions. This study provides practical implications for educational leadership, emphasizing the integration of digital coaching programs into teacher support systems to promote well-being, resilience, and instructional quality.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"342-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive and emotional benefits of piano training: effects on working memory and psychological well-being. 钢琴训练的认知和情感益处：对工作记忆和心理健康的影响。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2687380

Huiwen Xue

{"title":"Cognitive and emotional benefits of piano training: effects on working memory and psychological well-being.","authors":"Huiwen Xue","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2687380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2026.2687380","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to empirically assess how regular piano instruction over a six-month period could influence working memory capacity and subjective psychological well-being among students with no prior musical training. A total of 120 first- and second-year students from Peking University participated in the experiment. Outcomes were assessed using the Working Memory Index from the WAIS-IV and the short form of Carol Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale. Students in the piano training group exhibited significant improvements in both cognitive and emotional indicators. In the experimental group, mean working memory scores increased from 98.46 to 108.92 (p < 0.001, r = 0.61); concurrently, subjective well-being scores rose from 71.86 to 80.37 (p < 0.001, r = 0.61). The comparable magnitude of these changes suggests a parallel pattern of improvement, which warrants separate consideration and discussion. The results of the 2 × (2) mixed-design ANOVA revealed a significant Group × Time interaction: for working memory, F(1, 118) = 58.74, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.33; for psychological well-being, F(1, 118) = 71.26, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.38, with both effect sizes classified as large. These findings indicate an association between piano instruction and improvements in cognitive and emotional outcomes; however, this interpretation should be considered with caution given the limitations of the study design. Whether the observed effects are specific to piano training rather than to structured activity in general remains an open question and requires replication using an active control group.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148340617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The efficacy of mindfulness based interventions in mitigating stress and fostering enhanced mindfulness among higher education students. 基于正念的干预在高等教育学生中缓解压力和培养增强正念的效果。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-06-25 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2687382

Sonali Bindhani, Ramanjaneyulu Sanjeevagani, Geetha Gopinath, A S Jalandharachari

{"title":"The efficacy of mindfulness based interventions in mitigating stress and fostering enhanced mindfulness among higher education students.","authors":"Sonali Bindhani, Ramanjaneyulu Sanjeevagani, Geetha Gopinath, A S Jalandharachari","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2687382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2026.2687382","url":null,"abstract":"Higher education students face unique stressors, including academic pressure, social challenges, and life transitions. These stressors can affect their mental health, academic performance, and overall well-being. Research has shown that high levels of stress can lead to anxiety, depression, poor sleep quality, and decreased academic motivation. This study investigates the effectiveness of an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) among students at the University of Hyderabad, India. Using an experimental research design, 50 students were randomly assigned to either an experimental group, which participated in weekly MBSR sessions supplemented with daily at-home practices, or a control group that received no intervention. Stress levels and mindfulness were assessed pre- and post-test-intervention using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). The findings revealed a significant reduction in stress levels (p = 0.038) and substantial improvements in mindfulness dimensions, including observing, describing, acting with awareness, nonjudging, and nonreactivity, among the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Large effect sizes highlighted the intervention's effectiveness in promoting mindfulness, self-awareness, and stress management. This research highlights the potential of mindfulness-based programs as accessible, noninvasive strategies to enhance students' mental health and academic performance. The study suggested that for integrating mindfulness practices into student support services and curricula, it is helpful to emphasiz cultural adaptations such as yoga to increase engagement and acceptance. Future research should explore the long-term effects of mindfulness interventions on academic outcomes and overall life satisfaction, contributing to sustainable mental health solutions in higher education.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age and gender differences in the factor structure of cognitive monitoring. 认知监测因素结构的年龄和性别差异。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2689111

Martin Komarc, Lawrence M Scheier, Jana Novotná

{"title":"Age and gender differences in the factor structure of cognitive monitoring.","authors":"Martin Komarc, Lawrence M Scheier, Jana Novotná","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2689111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2026.2689111","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive development during adolescence is arguably unmatched by any other period of life. Enhanced brain maturation, increased memory capacity, and the acquisition of new cognitive skills help prepare adolescents for adult social roles. Among these skills is cognitive monitoring, or the ability to reflect on one's own thinking-traditionally referred to as \"metacognition.\" Using cross-sectional data from the first wave of a longitudinal panel cohort, we examined three facets of cognitive monitoring: decision-making (e.g., gathering information, evaluating alternatives), self-reinforcement (e.g., praise and encouragement), and affective self-regulation (e.g., emotional control) in four age groups of Czech high school students. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis tested primary, higher-order, age and gender-based models. Overall, model fit was acceptable, with only trivial differences in item intercepts, factor correlations, variances, and latent factor means. Primary factor models revealed gender differences favoring girls' use of decision-making strategies and older youth employing more decision-making skills. A higher-order metacognitive factor to account for correlations among the monitoring skills was supported across both age and gender groups. Results are discussed in terms of promoting cognitive monitoring as a key 21st-century skill and advancing higher-order reflective skills as a critical learning task during adolescence.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148309972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How social context modulates the roles of fairness, reciprocity, and empathy on advantageous inequity aversion. 社会环境如何调节公平、互惠和共情在有利的不公平厌恶中的作用。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2689112

Busra Eylem Aktas, Sevim Cesur

{"title":"How social context modulates the roles of fairness, reciprocity, and empathy on advantageous inequity aversion.","authors":"Busra Eylem Aktas, Sevim Cesur","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2689112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2026.2689112","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines whether experiencing disadvantageous inequity increases individuals' acceptance of advantageous inequity and how this tendency varies across hypothetical (Study 1) and real (Studies 2 and 3) monetary allocations. We further investigate the roles of fairness, reciprocity, and empathy, and whether these factors are shaped by the size of the monetary stake. Study 1 included 208 participants (Mage = 24.37, SD = 7.68), Study 2 included 269 participants (Mage = 22.43, SD = 2.85), and Study 3 included 152 participants (Mage = 22.43, SD = 2.85), with balanced group assignments across experimental and control conditions. In the real resource allocation studies (Studies 2 and 3), individuals were less likely to act fairly than in the hypothetical context (Study 1). However, the manipulation did not succeed; therefore, it remains unclear whether experiencing disadvantageous inequity led participants to avoid advantageous unfairness more or less. Instead, we found that when individuals were repeatedly exposed to disadvantageous inequity without being able to oppose it, they reported greater moral anger, but this did not affect their avoidance of advantageous inequity. Fairness, empathy, and reciprocity varied with the amount of money involved and predicted the rejection of advantageous inequity. Overall, the findings suggest that avoidance of taking more than others is influenced by both moral values (fairness, reciprocity, empathy) and contextual factors (prior exposure to unfairness and real vs. hypothetical settings). Thus, the rejection of advantageous inequity appears at the intersection of individual and contextual influences.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting a few or many friends in schoolchildren: a machine learning approach. 预测学生中的几个或许多朋友：一种机器学习方法。

IF 1.7 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2687378

José Ventura-León, Goldie Gamboa-Melgar, Jonathan Ruiz-Castro, Cristopher Lino-Cruz, Shirley Tocto-Muñoz

{"title":"Predicting a few or many friends in schoolchildren: a machine learning approach.","authors":"José Ventura-León, Goldie Gamboa-Melgar, Jonathan Ruiz-Castro, Cristopher Lino-Cruz, Shirley Tocto-Muñoz","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2687378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2026.2687378","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning algorithms were used to determine whether Peruvian 8-12-year-olds (N = 730) believe they have many or few friends based on sociodemographic and psychological variables. Theoretical variables were depression (PHQ-8), subjective well-being (SWB-3), sorrow, bullying, and birthplace. With stratified 10-fold cross-validation, the easyML R package examined six algorithms: Random Forest, XGBoost, Support Vector Machine, Neural Network, Logistic Regression, and Decision Tree. The cross-validation pipeline used SMOTE to correct class imbalance (25.6% few vs. 74.4% many friends). Logistic Regression had the greatest ROC-AUC (0.663 in cross-validation, 0.673 on the test set) and no overfitting (CV-test gap = -0.010). The greatest SHAP predictor was subjective well-being, followed by depression and birthplace. Youden's J index threshold optimization (optimal = 0.44) increased classification accuracy from 64.6% to 72.8%. Psychology predicts friendship perception in youngsters, with well-being outweighing clinical symptomatology.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can Psychological Capital Enhance Innovation? A three-wave intervention and the role of consideration of future consequences. 心理资本能促进创新吗？三波干预与考虑未来后果的作用。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2667811

Carlos Blasco-Giner, Marisa Salanova, Isabella Meneghel

{"title":"Can Psychological Capital Enhance Innovation? A three-wave intervention and the role of consideration of future consequences.","authors":"Carlos Blasco-Giner, Marisa Salanova, Isabella Meneghel","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2667811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2026.2667811","url":null,"abstract":"This study draws on the Conservation of Resources Theory to examine two objectives: (1) whether consideration of future consequences (CFC) moderates the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and innovative work behavior (IWB), and (2) the effects of a psychological capital intervention (PCI) on PsyCap and IWB, considering the role of CFC. Study 1 confirmed that higher CFC strengthens the relationship between PsyCap and IWB. Study 2 showed that the intervention increased PsyCap levels, but did not lead to significant changes in IWB. However, CFC remained a relevant factor, as it was associated with the effectiveness of the intervention. Additionally, the intervention led to significant improvements in autonomous work motivation and work engagement, with these effects being sustained over time. These findings suggest that PCI interventions are useful for enhancing PsyCap and fostering workplace motivation and engagement, although behavioral outcomes such as IWB may require longer time frames and appropriate organizational conditions to emerge. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction. 修正。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2672318

引用次数: 0

The Longitudinal Mediation of Existential Gratitude Between Loneliness and Ingratitude. 存在感恩在孤独与忘恩负义之间的纵向中介作用。

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2026-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2026.2667821

Yusuf Akyıl, Gülgün Uzun

{"title":"The Longitudinal Mediation of Existential Gratitude Between Loneliness and Ingratitude.","authors":"Yusuf Akyıl, Gülgün Uzun","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2667821","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2026.2667821","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness is a subjective feeling of discontent caused by the apparent mismatch between one's desired social relationships and one's existing relationships. Conversely, ingratitude is a negative attitude that erodes interpersonal relationships by disparaging or disregarding favors offered to the individual. Both occurrences represent different facets of social and emotional deprivation. According to this concept, existential gratitude is a particularly useful psychological tool that promotes pleasant feelings, fosters social relationships, and involves understanding and appreciating one's values. This study semi-longitudinal design how existential gratitude affects the link between loneliness and ingratitude. 394 adult individuals, including 302 women and 92 males, participated in the study. The average age of the participants was 22.03 (SD = 6.08) years. The results show that existential gratitude plays a key and longitudinal mediating role in this relationship and helps explain how people behave in social situations. Mental health professionals can recommend gratitude exercises to individuals. They can use existential interventions in their counseling sessions.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147876113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0