Journal of General Psychology最新文献_第3页

Effects of self-healing training on perfectionism and frustration tolerance in mothers of single-parent students. 自我修复训练对单亲学生母亲完美主义和挫折容忍度的影响。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2275305

Marzie Vahhab, Zohreh Latifi, Mehdi Marvi, Mohammad Soltanizadeh, Alexander Loyd

{"title":"Effects of self-healing training on perfectionism and frustration tolerance in mothers of single-parent students.","authors":"Marzie Vahhab, Zohreh Latifi, Mehdi Marvi, Mohammad Soltanizadeh, Alexander Loyd","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2275305","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2275305","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential to focus on the variables that can empower mothers of single-parent students. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of self-healing training on perfectionism and frustration tolerance in mothers of single-parent students. The statistical population included all divorced mothers of elementary school students within the 2020-21 academic year. Sampling was performed in two stages, the first of which was multistage cluster sampling, whereas the second stage was purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study sample (n = 40) was divided into two groups of 20 (control and experimental). This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest control group design with follow-up. The experimental group was trained in the self-healing protocol for fourteen weekly 90-minute sessions. The repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS-26 was then used for data analysis. The mean ± SD of perfectionism in the self-healing and control groups in the posttest was 67.75 ± 11.84 and 106.05 ± 22.01. Moreover, in the posttest stage, the mean ± SD of frustration tolerance in the intervention and control groups was 78.60 ± 7.93 and 99.45 ± 9.36, respectively. According to findings, self-healing training significantly affected the components of perfectionism including personal standards, concern over mistakes, and parental criticism. It also had significant effects on the components of frustration tolerance including discomfort intolerance, emotional intolerance, and achievement made by single mothers of students. The results were stable over time. However, self-healing training had no significant effects on perfectionism entitlement and subscales of frustration tolerance including discipline and organization, doubt about actions, and parental expectations.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Getting it right takes time: response time and performance in secondary school students. 做好这件事需要时间：中学生的反应时间和表现。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2275304

Antonio Rodán, Miriam Romero, Cristina Casadevante, José Santacreu, Pedro R Montoro, María José Contreras

{"title":"Getting it right takes time: response time and performance in secondary school students.","authors":"Antonio Rodán, Miriam Romero, Cristina Casadevante, José Santacreu, Pedro R Montoro, María José Contreras","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2275304","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2275304","url":null,"abstract":"The relation between response time and performance in cognitive tasks is increasingly evident. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of participants' spontaneous speed when responding to a mental rotation task. We carried out a data reanalysis from a previous study where a training of 3 practice sessions of 100 trials each was applied. The procedure was applied to a sample of 21 high school students (11 boys, 10 girls). The relation between response time and performance (hits) across the training trials was analyzed. In addition, we carried out a regression analysis of performance on the learning task as a function of response time on that same task, as well as with the score on two previously applied tests of spatial intelligence and fluid intelligence. Results showed, (a) a significant relationship (r = 0.624) between response time and hits, (b) that the group of participants with longer response times performed better; (c) that participants' response time explained most of the variance of their score on the training task in the regression analysis, although spatial and fluid intelligence scores improved the prediction of performance. Our results suggest that the reflective style achieves greater performance in solving spatial tasks, which could have important practical implications to promote a slower and more reflective style when solving school tasks with spatial components.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bidirectional relations between gratitude and depression/anxiety: based on three follow-up data. 感恩与抑郁/焦虑的双向关系:基于三个随访数据。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-19 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2275315

Zhongyuan Liang, Yanhui Xiang

引用次数: 0

Psychological endurance: how grit, resilience, and related factors contribute to sustained effort despite adversity. 心理耐力：勇气、复原力和相关因素如何有助于在逆境中持续努力。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2253955

Adam T Biggs, Todd R Seech, Scott L Johnston, Dale W Russell

{"title":"Psychological endurance: how grit, resilience, and related factors contribute to sustained effort despite adversity.","authors":"Adam T Biggs, Todd R Seech, Scott L Johnston, Dale W Russell","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2253955","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2253955","url":null,"abstract":"Many concepts describe how individuals sustain effort despite challenging circumstances. For example, scholars and practitioners may incorporate discussions of grit, hardiness, self-control, and resilience into their ideas of performance under adversity. Although there are nuanced points underlying each construct capable of generating empirically sound propositions, the shared attributes make them difficult to differentiate. As a result, substantial confusion arises when debating how these related factors concomitantly contribute to success, especially when practitioners attempt to communicate these ideas in applied settings. The model proposed here-psychological endurance-is a unified theory to explore how multiple concepts contribute to sustained goal-directed behaviors and individual success. Central to this model is the metaphor of a psychological battery, which potentiates and sustains optimal performance despite adversity. Grit and hardiness are associated with the maximum charge of the psychological battery, or how long an individual could sustain effort. Self-control modulates energy management that augments effort required to sustain endurance, whereas resilience represents the ability to recharge. These factors are constrained by both psychological and physiological stressors in the environment that drain the psychology battery. Taken together, these ideas form a novel framework to discuss related psychological concepts, and ideally, optimize intervention to enhance psychological endurance.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10212602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social power may be associated with health through positive emotion. 社会力量可能通过积极的情绪与健康联系在一起。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2261135

Tyler N Livingston, Caroline Cummings, Jonathan Singer

{"title":"Social power may be associated with health through positive emotion.","authors":"Tyler N Livingston, Caroline Cummings, Jonathan Singer","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261135","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261135","url":null,"abstract":"Increased social power-defined as one's influence on another's behavior-guides activation of one's behavioral activation system which, in turn, elicits greater positive emotion. Positive emotion has also been linked to greater health. The current research assessed whether power and positive emotion are related to health. In Study 1, participants (N = 403; Mage = 48.33 years) wrote a narrative about a time in which they felt powerful or powerless. Greater self-reported feelings of power, concurrent with more frequent use of positive emotional words within the narrative, was associated with fewer references to health within the narrative. In Study 2, participants (N = 401; Mage = 33.05 years) primed with the concept of power (vs. powerlessness) reported greater health competency through enhanced positive emotion. Findings provided preliminary data supporting the continued study of power to better understand the link between positive emotion and health. Future research should elucidate the long-term relationships between these variables to examine whether increased power can produce downstream positive effects on health and health behavior.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiating the DF effect in episodic memory: evaluating the contribution of the procedures of collaborative memory. 区分外显记忆中的 DF 效应：评估协作记忆程序的贡献。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2252133

Aiqing Nie, Bingyan Guo

{"title":"Differentiating the DF effect in episodic memory: evaluating the contribution of the procedures of collaborative memory.","authors":"Aiqing Nie, Bingyan Guo","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2252133","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2252133","url":null,"abstract":"Existing research has demonstrated a significant directed forgetting (DF) effect in memory. However, it remains unclear whether this phenomenon would occur in the context of interpersonal collaboration. Additionally, the contribution of emotional valence to the DF effect in item memory and source memory (which are subtypes of episodic memory) also needs to be explored. To address these issues, we conducted two experiments that combined the collaborative memory paradigm with the item-method procedure of DF. In both experiments, positive, neutral, or negative words were presented as stimuli, each followed by an R/F cue during encoding. We conducted two recalls, labeled Recall 1 and Recall 2, which consisted of both memory tasks. Recall 1 was performed either individually or collaboratively, whereas Recall 2 was done individually. Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 adopted the free-flowing procedure and the turn-taking procedure of collaborative memory, respectively. We obtained three implications from our current findings. (a) The occurrence of the DF effect in item memory was found regardless of the procedure of collaborative memory, and it was insensitive to the emotional valence of words or to whether participants had collaborated or not. These patterns demonstrate that both the mechanisms of elaborative rehearsal and active suppression/encoding blocking were engaged across words of different emotional valences and in nominal and collaborative circumstances. (b) In source memory, the DF effect showed different patterns in ongoing and post-collaborative memory, which underpins the dual-process models. (c) The amplitude of the DF effect was sensitive to the interaction of emotional valence by the status of collaboration, and the impact of collaboration differed between the two experiments, offering telling evidence of different aspects of the retrieval strategy disruption hypothesis (RSDH). Directions for identifying more influential factors are put forward.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10218367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is it time to replace the Big Five personality model? Factorial structure of the NEO PI-R in a community sample of Spanish adults. 是时候取代五大人格模式了吗？西班牙成年人社区样本中近地天体PI-R的因子结构。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2261136

Ana Sanz-García, María Paz García-Vera, Jesús Sanz

{"title":"Is it time to replace the Big Five personality model? Factorial structure of the NEO PI-R in a community sample of Spanish adults.","authors":"Ana Sanz-García, María Paz García-Vera, Jesús Sanz","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261136","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00221309.2023.2261136","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have revived the issue of whether the five-factor personality model or Big Five is the most valid to summarize the most relevant personality traits or whether, on the contrary, the basic structure of personality traits would better fit a six-factor model such as the HEXACO model: Honesty-Humility (H), Emotionality (E), Extraversion (X), Agreeableness (A), Conscientiousness (C), and Openness to Experience (O). In a Spanish community sample of 682 adults, the factorial structure of the 30 facets of the NEO-Revised Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and its 16 facets common to the HEXACO model was analyzed. In two subsamples of participants, the internal structure of the NEO PI-R, of 30 and 16 facets, fit the five-factor Big Five model better than the six-factor HEXACO model. In addition, the internal 30-facet structure of the NEO-PI-R replicated that obtained in the original US validation and those previously obtained in Spain, although the latter used different participant samples (people evaluated in personnel selection processes, university students). These results suggest that, at least in Spain, the five-factor personality model or Big Five is still the most valid taxonomy of personality traits.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The association of internet searches and actual suicide in Spain. 互联网搜索与西班牙实际自杀的关联。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2023.2276803

Luis Alejandro Lopez-Agudo, Oscar David Marcenaro-Gutierrez

引用次数: 0

Examining gullibility with sentence verification judgments. 用句子验证判断来检验轻信。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2360401

Yasuhiro Ozuru, Masoumeh Heidari

引用次数: 0

No evidence for the influence of head-heart conceptual metaphor on moral decision making and personality. 没有证据表明头心概念隐喻对道德决策和人格有影响。

IF 2.5 4区心理学

Journal of General Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/00221309.2024.2360405

Yanyun Zhou, Chi-Shing Tse

{"title":"No evidence for the influence of head-heart conceptual metaphor on moral decision making and personality.","authors":"Yanyun Zhou, Chi-Shing Tse","doi":"10.1080/00221309.2024.2360405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2024.2360405","url":null,"abstract":"In English, head is associated with rationality and logic, whereas heart is related to feeling and emotionality. In Chinese, these head- and heart-related metaphors also exist. Could these head- and heart-related conceptual metaphors influence people's moral decision-making and personality? This seems so based on the previous findings that (a) simply pointing an index finger to heart (versus head) position caused participants to produce more emotional responses in a moral decision task, and (b) participants who believed themselves to be heart locators, relative to those who regarded themselves as head locators, scored higher in affect intensity, femininity, and intimacy related activities. The current study attempted to replicate these findings, following the same design and procedure of previous work, with Chinese participants from Hong Kong and Chinese mainland. In Experiments 1a and 1b, 203 participants performed the moral decision task on dilemmas with their index fingers pointing to head or heart. In Experiments 2a and 2b, 304 participants completed the scales of self-location, affective intensity, femininity, and intimacy related activities. In these high-powered experiments, we failed to replicate the findings of previous work. Bayesian analyses further showed that no head- and heart-related conceptual metaphor effect was likely to occur. Potential reasons for our inconsistent results with those of previous studies and the implications of our current findings were discussed.","PeriodicalId":47581,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0