执行功能在长期记忆中的作用:病例报告。

IF 1.9 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
M P Salguero-Alcañiz, M M González-Ramírez, C Gómez-Heredia, J R Alameda-Bailén
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人们一直在研究执行功能在长期记忆中的作用。我们描述了一项单例研究,研究对象是一名因右额叶中风住院的 45 岁男性患者。中风后,患者在日常活动中出现记忆改变。然而,短期记忆测试的表现并无明显改变。长期记忆评估包括中风前后的情节记忆、语义记忆和程序记忆。此外,还对获取新知识的特定技能(听觉-语言和视觉再现)以及执行功能进行了评估。结果表明,短期记忆没有受到影响。在长期记忆方面,卒中前和卒中后的知识之间存在显著差异,前者保存得更好,这表明存在逆行性遗忘。脑卒中前的长期记忆也受到了影响,但仅限于情节性知识,语义和程序性记忆得以保留(情节性逆行性遗忘)。执行功能也发生了改变,这可能是影响获取和巩固新知识的一个因素,尽管短期记忆并没有明显改变。因此,不管短期记忆过程如何,执行功能可能是获取新知识的决定性因素,至少是部分决定性因素。根据本研究的结果,这些功能的改变可能会导致逆行性遗忘症。因此,有必要将执行功能作为记忆评估的内在组成部分进行评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of executive functions in long-term memory: case report.

The role of executive functions in long-term memory has been studied. We describe a single-case study, consisting of a 45-year-old male patient, hospitalized for right frontal stroke. After the stroke, the patient had memory alterations in everyday activities. However, performance in short-term memory tests was not significantly altered. Long-term memory assessments included pre- and post-stroke episodic, semantic, and procedural memories. Specific skills involved in the acquisition of new learning (auditory-verbal and visual reproduction) were also evaluated, as well as executive functions. The results evidence that short-term memory was not affected. Regarding long-term memory, significant differences were observed between pre- and post-stroke knowledge, the former being better preserved, which reveals anterograde amnesia. Pre-stroke long-term memory was also affected, but only with respect to episodic knowledge, with semantic and procedural memories preserved (episodic retrograde amnesia). Executive functions were altered as well, which could have been a factor affecting the acquisition and consolidation of new learning, despite the fact that short-term memory was not significantly altered. Therefore, executive functions might be a determinant factor in the acquisition of new learning, regardless of short-term memory processes, at least partially. According to the results of the present study, alterations in these functions might lead to anterograde amnesia. This entails the need to evaluate executive functions as an intrinsic part of memory evaluation.

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来源期刊
Journal of General Psychology
Journal of General Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
4.00%
发文量
10
期刊介绍: The Journal of General Psychology publishes human and animal research reflecting various methodological approaches in all areas of experimental psychology. It covers traditional topics such as physiological and comparative psychology, sensation, perception, learning, and motivation, as well as more diverse topics such as cognition, memory, language, aging, and substance abuse, or mathematical, statistical, methodological, and other theoretical investigations. The journal especially features studies that establish functional relationships, involve a series of integrated experiments, or contribute to the development of new theoretical insights or practical applications.
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