Europes Journal of Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Self-Compassion Facets as Mediators of the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Well-Being: A Path Analysis Approach.","authors":"Jaime Navarrete, Corel Mateo-Canedo, Adrián Pérez-Aranda, Selena Russo, Stefano Ardenghi, Federico Zorzi, Giulia Rampoldi, Maria Grazia Strepparava, Jesús Montero-Marín, Marco Bani","doi":"10.5964/ejop.17201","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.17201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-esteem and self-compassion are both associated with psychological well-being, but they differ in their underlying mechanisms. Some studies have found that self-compassion mediates the relationship between self-esteem and well-being, yet they have overlooked the distinct roles of its cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. This study examined whether specific self-compassion facets mediate the relationship between self-esteem and well-being, using the Italian adaptation of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS), whose psychometric properties were also assessed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 408 Italian high school and undergraduate healthcare students. Participants completed the SOCS, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. The Italian SOCS was psychometrically evaluated through confirmatory factor analyses and showed good validity and reliability. Correlations and path analyses were used to examine the mediating roles of cognitive, affective, and behavioral self-compassion facets. Emotional and behavioral components of self-compassion - such as \"feeling for one's suffering\", \"tolerating uncomfortable feelings\", and \"acting to alleviate suffering\" - significantly mediated the link between self-esteem and well-being. These facets accounted for 39% of its variance, while cognitive components did not show significant effects. These findings highlight the importance of affective and behavioral self-compassion in therapeutic interventions, emphasizing their role in enhancing well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 4","pages":"378-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socrates' Voluntary Death - An Essential Voice Against the Pathologisation of Suicide.","authors":"Amadeusz Citlak","doi":"10.5964/ejop.19085","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.19085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The article focuses on the death of the Greek philosopher Socrates from the 5^th century BCE as a significant inspiration for contemporary discourse on suicide (an essential voice against the pathologisation of suicide). It aims to highlight how an individual and their socio-cultural environment interact when dealing with the problem of death.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The psychobiographical approach used a single-case analysis as the starting point for theoretical discussion on suicide. The essential feature of the presented study is an interpretive-descriptive approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis reveals Socrates' motivations in the context of ancient Greek culture, particularly regarding the concept of honour-shame, which played an important role in the organisation of social and mental life in the Mediterranean world. However, the honour-shame dimension is not limited to ancient Greek culture; it is closely related to the universal concept of 'social status'. Honour-shame and social status can identify and explain the motivational processes behind the suicidal decision.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The example of Socrates (who chooses death to avoid shame and preserve his honour) allows us to receive an alternative perspective on suicide, especially concerning the right to suicide and the problem of its medicalisation and pathologisation. In this light, we should also ask for an alternative design of preventive programs and legal assessments of suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 4","pages":"331-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12928673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death and Dying in Camille Rosalie Claudel's Life and Work: A Psychobiography.","authors":"Claude-Hélène Mayer","doi":"10.5964/ejop.19297","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.19297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the topic of death and dying in the life and creative work of the French sculptress Camille Rosalie Claudel who lived from 8 December 1864 to 19 October 1943. Claudel was a talented artist and sculptress who learned from and worked with Alfred Boucher and Auguste Rodin. Rodin became her professional and intimate partner for more than 10 years. Claudel was one of the few women sculptresses of the 19^th century to gain a reputation for the originality and quality of her work. The aim of the article is to explore death and dying in the life of Claudel. This psychobiography uses four theoretical approaches, namely existential psychology theories on death and dying, symbolic death theory, Lacanian death theory and Jung's perspectives on death, dying and <i>ars moriendi.</i> The research methodology applied is psychobiography within a hermeneutic-interpretivist research paradigm. The subject of research, Camille Rosalie Claudel, was purposefully chosen. Findings show that Claudel expressed her inner life and journey, her search for meaning, her artistic talent and in-depth philosophical interest, but also her views on life and death, through her art. As a person, she experienced different forms of death and dying throughout her life which are outlined in this psychobiography based on the four introduced theories. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations are given.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 4","pages":"290-308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12928675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Minute Silent Video Clips: A Database of Valence and Arousal.","authors":"Vladimir Kosonogov, Kirill Efimov, Olga Kuskova, Isak B Blank","doi":"10.5964/ejop.14685","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.14685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers in the behavioral and social sciences use linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for predictions of group membership (classification) and for identifying the variables most relevant to group separation among a set of continuous correlated variables (description). In these and other disciplines, longitudinal data are often collected which provide additional temporal information. Linear classification methods for repeated measures data are more sensitive to actual group differences by taking the complex correlations between time points and variables into account, but are rarely discussed in the literature. Moreover, psychometric data rarely fulfill the multivariate normality assumption. The article introduces a dataset consisting of 160 one-minute affective video clips with normative values of valence and arousal. Each video was evaluated by 30 subjects, while each subject evaluated at least 20 videos. Compared to previous attempts to collect affective videos, the dataset has several advantages. Firstly, the high number of videos in different valence categories allows researchers to compile appropriate subsets for their studies. Secondly, the approximately equal and conventional duration of videos makes it possible to use them in psychophysiological studies applying EEG, fMRI, peripheral polygraphy, posturography, TMS, etc. Thirdly, the exclusion of sound or speech that might provoke culture-dependent interpretation makes the dataset useful in different cultures. The relationship between valence and arousal showed a typical quadratic pattern, with very negative and very positive videos receiving higher levels of arousal. Several negative videos received greater arousal scores than the most positive ones, reflecting negativity bias. The dataset encompasses more than 50 videos of different valence (negative, neutral, and positive ones). We believe that it will permit researchers to select corresponding subsamples of videos from different categories for their studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Search of the Lost Interaction: A Theoretical and Methodological Framework for Researching Interactions.","authors":"Geoffrey Schweizer, Maximilian Köppel","doi":"10.5964/ejop.14957","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.14957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We suggest that psychological research into interaction effects might benefit from analyzing potential interactions from the perspective of the Positive Predictive Value (PPV). The PPV denotes the post-study probability that a claimed effect is true, based on the pre-study probability that said effect exists, the power of the respective test and the significance level used for testing. We use the PPV in order to propose a framework structuring potential interaction effects based on their (theoretical) plausibility and their shape. Specifically, the position of a hypothesized interaction in the proposed framework may inform sample-size planning and the choice of alpha levels prior to a study; and it may inform confidence into results after a study. Finally, we present a heuristic approach for planning research on interactions based on R (the pre-study probability that an effect exists), the PPV (the post-study probability that a claimed effect is true) and α (the significance level used for significance testing). In doing so, we aim to provide a nuanced view on the feasibility of investigating into interactional hypotheses, a view that is critical where needed but that at the same time does not discourage research on interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"249-262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric Morbidity Among Youth Patients at Nakuru County Referral and Teaching Hospital in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mercy Cheptoo Kipkemboi, Teresa Ndilu Mutavi, John Maina Mburu","doi":"10.5964/ejop.14511","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.14511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a decreased life span of 10 - 15 years in persons with psychiatric illnesses in contrast with the public population; hence interventions on first onset may improve some end results. This article explores the psychiatric morbidity among youth patients of age group 18 - 35 years. The study implemented a cross-sectional descriptive design. The study was carried out at Nakuru County Referral and Teaching Hospital in Kenya: 385 youth patients were sampled for this study using simple random sampling. There were more female (55.3%) participants compared to male (44.7%). Marital status and employment status were found to have a statistically significant association with psychiatric morbidity. The singles (<i>p</i> = .024) had an OR (4.771) higher chance of having a psychiatric morbidity as compared to the married. On the other hand, those who were widow/widower (<i>p</i> = .016) had an OR (5.650) times of developing a mental illness compared to the married. In conclusion, the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among youth outpatients of the age bracket 18 - 35 years at Nakuru County Referral and Teaching Hospital stands at 46.5%. Marital status and employment status were noted to have a statistically significant link with psychiatric morbidity. Regular psychological assessments should be conducted as part of treatment evaluations for patients to get other more interventions necessary for them, bettering their health outcome broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12918450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unchartered Territory: Understanding Public Compliance During the Covid-19 Pandemic and the Effectiveness of UK Government Communications.","authors":"Ashley Cartwright, Jason Roach, Liam Scott Curran","doi":"10.5964/ejop.13965","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.13965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic presented unpresented challenges to societies and the way in which we live, everyday behaviours became prohibited and various parts of the economy were completely shut down in the United Kingdom. Such draconian and radical changes to everyday life are indeed important to study and the present paper captures a representative response of the compliance to social distancing measures implemented in the United Kingdom. This paper explores the effectiveness of the UK Government's messaging aimed at inducing conformity, whilst considering alternative experimental messages designed to influence conformity by targeting demographics using the principles of NUDGE theory (Thaler & Sunstein, 2008). An online cross-sectional survey was administered in May/June 2020 to 1028 residents of the UK. A cluster analysis was performed to identify different demographic profiles associated with rule breaking. The findings of the present paper outlined clearly that the UK public struggled to adhere to the social distancing rules implemented with relatively low rates of complete compliance and identified two groups of individuals who although only represent a small percentage of the sample (< 20%) were accountable for the majority of rule breaking behaviour. The findings provide an indication of which measures were viewed as more serious and as such less likely to broken, alongside which demographic groups were the least compliant. Regarding the Government's messaging used during the pandemic, this was demonstrated to be more effective than the hypothetical communications used in the present study. The present paper offers, important insights into specific aspects of non-conformity, including contact with the Police during this time. The present paper offers important learning lessons to improve adherence to social distancing in the future by providing a breakdown of the areas where social distancing is most likely to breached and an indication of who is likely to do this.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"160-178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923179/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Serbian Adaptation of the Presentation of Online Self Scale (POSS) and Further Construct Validation.","authors":"Bojana Bodroža, Chris Fullwood, Bojana M Dinić","doi":"10.5964/ejop.15483","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.15483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Presentation of Self Scale (POSS) was designed to measure four aspects of online self-presentation behaviour: Ideal self, Multiple selves, Consistent self, and Online presentation preference. Very few scales have been developed to measure online-self presentation attitudes and behaviour in Serbia. Thus, there is a need to validate a Serbian language version of the POSS to support further investigation of an increasingly ubiquitous aspect of the daily lives of Serbian people. This study aimed to examine psychometric properties of the POSS in the Serbian context i.e., its reliability, factor validity, and construct validity. The study was conducted on a sample of 360 adults. The four-factor model was confirmed, and it is invariant across genders. The Ideal self, Multiple selves, and Online presentation preference scales converge and show a similar pattern of relationships with validity variables, with Ideal self and Multiple selves showing high profile similarity. These three scales are associated with less sensitivity to the expressive behaviour of others, greater fear of negative evaluation, social media addiction, anxiety, lower self-esteem, and less loneliness. On the other hand, the Consistent self-scale is generally unrelated to the other POSS scales and correlates with better sensitivity to the expressive behaviours of others, less fear of negative evaluation, but greater loneliness. The POSS proved to be useful for examining self-presentation behaviours in the Serbian cultural context. The study revealed two main self-presentational patterns: one that is inauthentic and facilitated by the features of online communication and the other that is authentic and related to better social sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"234-248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and Neuropsychological Correlates of Emotion Regulation via Attentional Deployment: An Expanded Replication.","authors":"Christian Salas, Nicolas Núñez, Luz María Pozo, Marko Bremer, Daniel Rojas-Líbano","doi":"10.5964/ejop.15803","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.15803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attentional deployment (AD) constitutes an emotion regulation (ER) strategy that shifts the attentional focus to modulate the emotional experience. There are very few experimental paradigms that can study AD. One such task studies AD by using emotional images with zones of focus within them, to manipulate visual attention toward arousing or non-arousing portions of the scene. However, this task has only been implemented with participants inside a scanner and has no replications beyond the work of the original research group. In the present study, we replicated and extended a previously introduced AD task, implementing it with a sample of 55 adult participants. Our sample performed the task in a regular laboratory setting, including eye-tracking to monitor instruction following, and in addition, participants completed an attentional test. We replicated the original AD effect in a new population sample, although we found a lower effect size. We conceived and computed an estimate of AD abilities by comparing intensity and valence ratings across attentional conditions. We also analyzed the association between attention measured through the Attention Network Test (ANT) and AD capacities and found no relationship. The task can be used in the laboratory to analyze the AD process. Our replication and expansion of the AD task provide valuable insights into the behavioral and neuropsychological correlates of ER strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"216-233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation of the 10:20 Protection Rule for Detecting Aquatic Hazards.","authors":"Jenny Smith, Emmanuel A C Obine, Jo Talbot, Nick Grazier, Charlotte Stevens, Sarah Needham-Beck, Iker Bautista, Benjamin T Sharpe","doi":"10.5964/ejop.15577","DOIUrl":"10.5964/ejop.15577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seven percent of all injury-related global deaths in 2019 were attributed to drowning, relating to 236,000 lives claimed and the stark reality persists that incidents of drowning continue to occur within zones overseen by trained lifeguards. Some lifeguard training agencies advocate the use of specific scan techniques and patterns and the 10:20 protection rule is recommended by a variety of lifeguarding agencies. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the 10-second element of the 10:20 protection rule (referred to as the 10-second scan strategy) compared to a more natural scan strategy. Two 30-minute videos were developed capturing scripted and unscripted swimming pool hazards. Water safety experts were then employed to collectively review, identify, and achieve consensus on hazards. In a within-subject design, lifeguards (<i>n</i> = 25) were instructed to watch videos under two conditions (i.e., 10-second and natural scan conditions) and respond via whistle blow and vocal response. In the 10-second scan condition, lifeguards were instructed to use the 10:20 system of supervision and scan the zone every 10-seconds whilst supervising the pool. In the natural scan condition, lifeguards were told to follow a scan strategy that felt comfortable for them. The results demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the percentage of hazards detected in the 10-second scan condition compared to the natural scan condition. However, the results show that lifeguards were unable to execute the 10-second scan strategy (i.e., scanning the full zone every 10 seconds). While results show that hazard detection is similar in both conditions, lifeguards were not adhering to the 10-second scan and thus comparisons between the 10-second scan strategy and natural scanning are not possible. The key conclusion from this study is that it is not possible for lifeguards to scan the full zone every 10 seconds, despite explicit instructions to do so, and thus the 10:20 protection rule should be carefully considered if agencies are advocating it as an effective scanning strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47113,"journal":{"name":"Europes Journal of Psychology","volume":"21 3","pages":"194-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12923190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}