{"title":"Learning environment matters for university EFL learners’ emotions and approaches to online learning technologies: A Chinese perspective","authors":"Jiying Han, Xiaohui Geng, Yinghui You","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12569","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Technology is constantly changing the language learning environment and online language learning (OLL) has attracted increasing attention. In this study, EFL learners’ perceptions of the OLL environments and the relationships between these perceptions and the learners’ emotions and approaches to online learning technologies were investigated. A sample of 567 Chinese university EFL learners from 18 public higher education institutions across 5 provinces responded to an online questionnaire survey. The data analysis based on structural equation modelling revealed that the EFL learners’ perceptions of task orientation, innovation and individualisation were positively related to the deep approach to online learning technologies. However, unlike previous findings, no significant relationship was found between the factors of the relationship dimension and the students' approaches to online learning technologies (SAOLT). Perceived innovation was found to be negatively related to enjoyment, and perceived personalization was found to be positively related to anxiety. Furthermore, the learners’ emotions, especially anxiety, significantly mediated the relationship between perceived task orientation and the surface approach to online learning technologies. Overall, the findings of this study improve the understanding of EFL learners’ online learning experiences and provide practical insights for enhancing the quality of OLL environments and promoting learning outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1421-1436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developmental dynamics in oral fluency and learner motivation: A dual-focus approach","authors":"Hanjing Yu, Hongying Peng","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12577","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12577","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adopting a comprehensive dual-focus approach to oral fluency development, the present study examined the developmental trajectories of oral fluency in tertiary-level Chinese EFL learners and identified the motivational attractor states helpful for shaping their oral production. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected over two semesters with monologue tasks and semi-structured interviews, respectively. Oral fluency development was examined using moving min–max graphs, change point analysis, and Monte Carlo simulations, while the retrodiction approach was utilized to identify influential motivational attractor states. Results showed that, over the course of the study, the two learners experienced distinct variability and phase shifts in their development of oral fluency, largely attributable to their unique motivational attractor states. By employing such a dual-focus approach, the present study provided a nuanced picture of Chinese EFL learners’ developmental dynamics in terms of both oral fluency and learning motivation and the adaptive interactions between them, thus enriching our understanding of how oral fluency development relates to learner motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1401-1420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“I'm afraid I can't handle students’ questions on the spot!”: Complex interactions between English research writing teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and instructional practices","authors":"Mulin Zhang, Quanjiang Guo","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12575","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12575","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite recent proliferation in scholarship on English research writing (ERW) and its teaching, ERW teachers’ developing knowledge remains under-researched. This multiple case study, featuring four ERW teachers working in the same university in Central China, builds on the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) framework to delineate the complexities in participants’ knowledge–practice nexus. Data sources include observations, interviews, journal entries, and teaching artifacts. Data analyses reveal that the complex interactions between PCK components have resulted in idiosyncrasies in participants’ instructional decisions or practices concerning selecting teaching points, utilizing own disciplinary articles, deciding on pedagogical design, and assigning writing tasks. It is also found that participants who are more assured in their PCK repertoire tend to feel more secure in teacher–student interactions and adopt more student-centered pedagogies. Participants’ knowledge–practice nexus exhibits complex system features of self-organizing and self-transforming, as well as self-knowing. Implications for transitional ERW teachers’ practices and professional development are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1385-1400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141361702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding academic vocabulary learning in higher education: Perspectives from first-year undergraduates in Hong Kong","authors":"Edsoulla Chung, Aaron Wan, Daniel Fung","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12576","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12576","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The learning of academic vocabulary, which consists of words commonly found in academic discourse across disciplines, is crucial for success in higher education. However, studies have shown that English as a second language (ESL) students face significant challenges acquiring this vocabulary, particularly during their first year of university. Given the pivotal role that learners’ beliefs play in language learning, understanding their beliefs regarding their academic vocabulary learning (AVL) can provide educators with insights into the teaching strategies that effectively address the difficulties learners encounter. Accordingly, this mixed-methods study examined the beliefs of 172 first-year ESL undergraduates in Hong Kong regarding their AVL. Quantitative findings indicated that although students generally recognised the importance of developing academic vocabulary, their beliefs about their competence and effective learning methods varied. The students’ English proficiency level was also found to be associated with their beliefs. An analysis of open-ended responses further revealed that the students faced challenges related to the infrequent occurrence of academic vocabulary in non-academic contexts, its complex nature, as well as the difficulty of retaining newly learned words. The paper concludes by discussing pedagogical implications and directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1368-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijal.12576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"English medium instruction, EAP/ESP: Exploring overlap and divergences in research aims","authors":"Ernesto Macaro, Ikuya Aizawa","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12563","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12563","url":null,"abstract":"<p>English medium instruction (EMI) is now a well-established field of education research, yet its distinction from English for academic purposes (EAP) and from English for specific purposes (ESP) remains a subject of debate. This scoping review investigates the overlap and divergences between these fields. As well as using raw data from a previous systematic review of EMI, we identified research questions published in five selected journals between 2017 and 2022: <i>Journal of English for Academic Purposes</i>, <i>English for Specific Purposes</i>, <i>International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, Language and Education</i>, and <i>Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development</i> in order to identify the convergence and divergence in academic interest areas. We additionally examined research settings and participants across these studies. Our findings revealed a spectrum of research questions with largely distinct areas of research interest and considerable differences in research settings. This study contributes to the academic discussion by offering a detailed picture of the current research landscape, and suggests not only a need for collaboration between EMI, and EAP/ESP researchers but also a value in maintaining some distinction between the two fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1352-1367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijal.12563","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the motivational mechanisms of growth beliefs on perseverance among EFL students: The role of ideal and ought-to L2 selves","authors":"Yan Jiang, Shuqi Yue, Nigel Mantou Lou","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12572","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12572","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perseverance of effort is essential for success in learning a second language (L2). While past research has examined how motivational beliefs (e.g., growth mindset) influence L2 learners’ perseverance, their generalizability and underlying motivational mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between growth language mindsets and perseverance of efforts in L2 learning, as well as whether this relationship can be explained by the ideal L2 self and ought-to L2 self. A cohort of 740 EFL students from four universities in China completed a questionnaire. The results revealed that EFL learners with higher levels of growth language mindsets showed greater levels of perseverance in language learning. Furthermore, mediation analysis indicated that growth language mindsets indirectly predicted perseverance through both the ideal L2 self and the ought-to L2 self. These results suggested that the motivational mechanisms associated with growth language mindsets are complex, involving both ideal and ought-to images of the L2 self, which in turn could contribute to sustaining perseverance in L2 learning. Theoretical and practical implications for researchers and language teachers are discussed in light of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1335-1351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of individual differences in second language pragmatics: A systematic review","authors":"Lan Zhang, Scott Aubrey","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12573","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12573","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current systematic review aims to understand the role of individual differences (IDs) in second language (L2) pragmatics and offer recommendations for further research in this domain. To achieve this, 86 empirical studies in L2 pragmatics published in SSCI (Social Science Citation Index) journals from 2000 to 2023 were systematically selected and coded for IDs, pragmatic features and modalities investigated, methodological orientation, and research findings. The significance of this review paper is the inclusion of both qualitative and quantitative findings and the identification of research trends in the last two decades. This inclusive approach allowed us to reveal the extent to which ID factors were studied within the classic research paradigm (i.e., the influence of IDs in isolation) and the socio-dynamic research paradigm (i.e., the combined influence of IDs and context over time). Findings revealed that the IDs identified (L2 proficiency, identity, intercultural competence, language mindsets, willingness to communicate, motivation, and cognitive factors) exerted considerable influence on L2 pragmatic competence. Accounting for research gaps, trends in methodology, and findings in the area, we provide specific recommendations for future research to bring the study of L2 pragmatics in line with the ‘affective turn’ in second language acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1316-1334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijal.12573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Academic discourse socialization in a “bilingual” undergraduate course: Group work among students with diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds","authors":"Kiyu Itoi, Ryo Mizukura","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12571","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12571","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the growth of internationalization in higher education, there is a need to examine students’ experiences in increasingly diverse classrooms. This study explores students’ academic discourse socialization (ADS), within a context where the majority of students are non-native speakers, in a course designed to enhance intercultural communication skills by providing students with both theoretical knowledge and practical experiences to collaborate with a diverse group of peers. We aim to answer the following questions: (1) Does native-speakerism ideology impact Japanese students’ comprehension of intercultural communication with non-native speakers, and if so, how? (2) How does the understanding of intercultural communication affect students’ interactions and group work with international peers? We conducted qualitative semistructured interviews with Japanese and international students at a private Japanese university. Our findings show that despite the absence of specific language instruction in the course, the group work predominantly utilized English and Japanese. Furthermore, the results revealed a unique ADS process in this context, with no clear dichotomy between experts and novices. Instead, all students negotiated their participation and language use within the academic community, with native-speakerism ideology influencing the ADS process. These results enrich the research on ADS in non-English-speaking countries and development of new conceptual frameworks to better comprehend its dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1300-1315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijal.12571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measuring language teacher resilience: Scale development and validation","authors":"Honggang Liu, Wenxiu Chu, Siyu Duan, Xiaoxue Li","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12562","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While teacher resilience, as a multidimensional construct, has been increasingly focused in recent years, there is still a dearth of exploration into the inner structure of resilience with a highlight of characteristics of language teachers. To fill this gap, the current study developed a language teacher resilience scale and assessed it among 3992 Chinese high school English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the acceptable fit of the 22-item EFL teacher resilience scale and yielded a four-factorial structure of EFL teacher resilience involving professional, emotional, social, and cultural dimensions. Cultural dimension is newly developed and mirrors the specific features of language teacher resilience. Based on the findings, implications are provided for future research on language teacher resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 4","pages":"1283-1299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142579720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teacher awareness as professional development: Assistant language teachers in a cross-cultural context By , Nami Sakamoto, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. 2022. pp. xiii+ 164. GBP 54.99 (hbk), ISBN: 978–3030883997","authors":"Xinxin Wu, Haoqing Wang","doi":"10.1111/ijal.12570","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijal.12570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46851,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 3","pages":"1221-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}