Applied Biological Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Effects of high solid content and straw proportion on volatile fatty acids production from straw, sludge and food wastes: performance and microbial community characteristics","authors":"Yu-Wei Chen,&nbsp;Gao Feng,&nbsp;Xia Hong,&nbsp;Meng Wang,&nbsp;Quan Zhang,&nbsp;Zhao-Yong Sun,&nbsp;Ya-Ting Chen,&nbsp;Yue-Qin Tang","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00935-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00935-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an efficient technology for treating organic solid wastes, and the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced during AD have significant value due to their wide range of applications and higher added value compared to methane. This study investigated the long-term effects of high solid content and straw proportion in mixed substrates (straw, sludge, and food wastes) on VFAs production through semi-continuous reactors under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions. Results showed that both reactors achieved a maximum VFAs concentration of ~ 22 g/L as the straw proportion increased to 50%. Acetate (48.3 – 64.5%) was the main component of produced VFAs in both reactors, while butyrate and propionate production in thermophilic temperature were superior compared to mesophilic conditions. Microbial community analysis revealed that <i>Defluviitoga</i> plays a pivotal role in acidogenesis within both reactors; besides, unclassified Hungateiclostridiaceae and <i>Caproiciproducen</i> were found to be dominant in thermophilic reactor, while Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were essential for VFAs production under mesophilic conditions. These findings provide valuable insights for the biotechnological exploration of acidogenic fermentation for large-scale mechanized production of VFAs from agricultural wastes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00935-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-guided investigation of biochar’s efficacy in Pb immobilization for remediation of Pb contaminated agricultural land","authors":"Yoora Cho,&nbsp;Juin Yau Lim,&nbsp;Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana,&nbsp;Geonwook Hwang,&nbsp;Mee Kyung Sang,&nbsp;Ondřej Mašek,&nbsp;Yong Sik Ok","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00933-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00933-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluated the lead (Pb) immobilization efficiency of biochar in contaminated agricultural soil. The biochar was produced from a range of major biomass residues and pyrolyzed under well-controlled conditions. Ten different types of standard biochar samples were derived from five different feedstocks (i.e., softwood, miscanthus straw, rice husk, oilseed rape straw, wheat straw) and pyrolyzed at 550 ℃ and 700 ℃. Pb-contaminated soil near an abandoned mine was incubated with 2.5% (w w^− 1) of biochar. Incubation was conducted for various durations at room temperature under both short-term (21 days) and long-term (214 days) conditions. This variation explicitly accounted for the simulated microplastic contamination during the long-term incubation period. A novel framework has been developed to predict the long-term immobilization effect of various biochar types using a machine-learning approach, following the successful identification of optimal biochar implementations. This prediction method utilizes a small on-field dataset by employing a data augmentation approach, showcasing an innovative approach to forecasting the effects of different biochar types over time. After the incubation period, soil samples were analyzed for their chemical properties. As a result, oil seed rape biochar was the highest in pH, EC, exchangeable Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and K⁺, total nitrogen content, soil organic matter content, and available phosphate. In return, OSR 700 treated soils showed the highest content of exchangeable cations and the lowest content of available Pb after the incubation period. The most efficient biochar for immobilizing lead (Pb) in soil appears to be OSR 700, based on the available evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00933-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of fermentation conditions, physicochemical profile and sensory quality analysis of seedless wampee wine","authors":"Hong Wang,&nbsp;Xiang Liao,&nbsp;Chunyao Lin,&nbsp;Weidong Bai,&nbsp;Gengsheng Xiao,&nbsp;Xingyuan Huang,&nbsp;Gongliang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00938-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00938-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aims of the present stud were to optimize fermentation parameters of seedless wampee wine using response surface methodology (RSM) and evaluate the changes in flavor metabolites during fermentation. Seedless wampee wine of optimal sensory quality was produced using an inoculum concentration of 0.6%, initial sugar levels of 200 g/L, a fermentation temperature of 22 °C, and a fermentation period of 9 days. Then the flavor compound profiles (amino acids, organic acids and volatile aroma compounds) of seedless wampee wine during the fermentation under optimal conditions were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometr (GC-MS). The main fermented phase of fermentation resulted in fluctuations in both total amino acids and organic acids, with stabilization occurring later on. A total of 54 volatile components, including esters, alcohols, terpenes, and acids, were putatively identified. Terpenes were the primary drivers of the flavor characteristics of seedless wampee. The rise of esters and decline of terpenes have the potential to significantly alter the flavor of wine during fermentation. These results would contribute to the further development of seedless wampee wine.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00938-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of acidogenic phase metabolism in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 (pCD07239) under different culture conditions","authors":"Haeng Lim Lee,&nbsp;Selim Ashoor,&nbsp;Zhuang Yao,&nbsp;Yu-Sin Jang","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00936-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00936-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigated the metabolic behavior of the engineered <i>Clostridium acetobutylicum</i> ATCC 824 (pCD07239) strain during the acidogenic phase under varying glucose concentrations and pH conditions. Unlike the wild-type <i>C. acetobutylicum</i> ATCC 824, the engineered strain exhibited negligible butyrate production and simultaneous butanol production during the acidogenic phase under limited glucose condition of 25 g/L. Specifically, batch fermentations of the engineered strain with 25 g/L glucose at a pH of around 5.0 (initially uncontrolled) demonstrated butanol production of 2.99 g/L, while butyrate remained below 0.30 g/L. Separately, in batch fermentations at pH 6.0 with 90 g/L glucose, acetate production nearly doubled compared to fermentations at pH 5.0 with the same glucose concentrations, reaching a maximum concentration of 11.43 g/L, while butyrate production remained relatively low at 4.04 g/L. Under these pH 6.0 and 90 g/L glucose conditions, butanol production reached 9.86 g/L. These findings indicate that <i>C. acetobutylicum</i> ATCC 824 (pCD07239) maintained low butyrate production, even under conditions favoring acidogenesis, and consistently produced butanol. Additionally, the negligible production of acetone at pH 6.0 further indicates that the traditional phase transition was not prominent, suggesting altered regulation mechanisms in the engineered strain. These findings highlight <i>C. acetobutylicum</i> ATCC 824 (pCD07239) strain’s unique metabolic profile and its potential for efficient biobutanol production under diverse conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00936-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chikusetsusaponin IVa from Dolichos lablab Linne attenuates UVB-induced skin photoaging in mice by suppressing MAPK/AP-1 signaling","authors":"Ki Mo Kim,&nbsp;A.-Rang Im,&nbsp;Ki-Shuk Shim,&nbsp;Chang-Seob Seo,&nbsp;Yongnam Lee,&nbsp;Jonghun Lee,&nbsp;Ji Seok Yoo,&nbsp;Sunga Choi,&nbsp;Sungwook Chae","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00934-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00934-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation-induced photoaging of the skin is characterized by amplified expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and reduced collagen fibers, both of which contribute to skin wrinkle formation. Edible natural products can protect against skin photoaging. Here, we investigate the protective effect of <i>Dolichos lablab</i> Linne (DLL) water extract against UVB radiation-prompted skin damage and attempt to uncover its fundamental mechanisms in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and HR-1 hairless mouse. We found DLL extract rescued the reduction in cell viability associated with UVB exposure without any associated cytotoxic effects. It also protected against skin photoaging by inhibiting mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, thereby preventing the UVB-associated increase in MMP-1 and -9 expression. DLL extract also increased the expression of both superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and catalase (CAT). We identified chikusetsusaponin IVa, soyasaponin Bb, and sandosaponin A as bioactive components of DLL. Although we have not yet identified the mechanisms by which these compounds reduce the effects of photoaging, we have demonstrated that chikusetsusaponin IVa, soyasaponin Bb, and sandosaponin A reduce MMP-1, MMP-9, p–c-Fos, and p–c-Jun expression, while also avoiding any cytotoxicity. We found oral administration of DLL extract effectively alleviated dorsal epidermal thickening and skin dehydration in HR-1 hairless mouse visible to UVB. DLL extract also prevents UVB-induced activation of the MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway, thereby reducing the expression of MMPs in dorsal mouse skin. Our results indicate that chikusetsusaponin IVa, soyasaponin Bb, and sandosaponin A are bioavailable components of DLL extract that can reduce UVB-induced skin damage via MMPs by deactivating the MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway. These findings suggest DLL extract can be used as a skin anti-photoaging agent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00934-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory effect of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) by kazinols of 1,3-diphenylpropane derivatives","authors":"Taehoon Oh,&nbsp;Sunin Jung,&nbsp;Seon Min Oh,&nbsp;Mi Hyeon Park,&nbsp;Hyoung-Geun Kim,&nbsp;Su-Yeon Lee,&nbsp;Sung-Kyun Ko,&nbsp;Hyung Won Ryu","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00923-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00923-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focused on identifying and characterizing 1,3-diphenylpropane derivatives from flavonoids that inhibit human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (hIDO1) enzymes, which play a role in immune regulation and are associated with various diseases. A series of isolated metabolites (1–7) demonstrated modest to high inhibition of hIDO1, with binding degree values ranging from 26.31 to 72.17%. In particular, during a target-based screening of natural products using hIDO1, kazinol J (6, a 1,3-diphenylpropane derivative) was found to potently inhibit hIDO1, with a binding degree of 72.17% at 1 ppm. Kazinol J (6) showed concentration-dependent and mixed inhibition kinetics and achieved slow and time-dependent inhibition of hIDO1. Additionally, docking simulations were performed to evaluate the inhibitory potential and binding interactions of the compounds with hIDO1. These findings suggest that these 1,3-diphenylpropane derivatives can serve as therapeutic agents for conditions involving hIDO1 dysregulation, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00923-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro antibacterial, antioxidant, in silico molecular docking and ADEMT analysis of chemical constituents from the roots of Acokanthera schimperi and Rhus glutinosa","authors":"Bihon Abera,&nbsp;Yadessa Melaku,&nbsp;Kebede Shenkute,&nbsp;Aman Dekebo,&nbsp;Negera Abdissa,&nbsp;Milkyas Endale,&nbsp;Temesgen Negassa,&nbsp;Messay Woldemariam,&nbsp;Mo Hunsen","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00930-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00930-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Acokanthera schimperi</i> is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of wounds, scabies, and malaria. <i>Rhus glutinosa</i> has been also utilized for the management of ectoparasites and hemorrhoids. Silica gel column chromatography separation of CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (1:1) extract root of <i>A. schimperi</i> afforded oleic acid (<b>1</b>), lupeol (<b>2</b>), dihydroferulic acid (<b>3</b>), acovenosigenin A- 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (<b>4</b>) and sucrose (<b>5</b>) whereas CH₂Cl₂/ MeOH (1:1) and MeOH roots extracts of <i>R. glutinosa</i> afforded β-sitosterol (<b>6</b>), (E)-5-(heptadec-14-en-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxycyclohex-2-enone (<b>7</b>), methyl gallate (<b>8</b>), and gallic acid (<b>9</b>). The structures of the compounds were established using spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and FT-IR techniques. Disc diffusin and DPPH assay were used, respectively, to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant potential of the extracts and isolated compounds. MeOH extract root of <i>A. schimperi</i> showed a modest antibacterial effect against <i>E.coli</i> with an inhibition zone (ZI) of 16 ± 0.0 mm compared to ciprofloxacin (ZI of 27.0 ± 0.0 mm). CH₂Cl₂/MeOH (1:1) and MeOH root extracts of <i>R. glutinosa</i> showed maximum activity against <i>S. aureus</i> with ZI of 17.3 ± 0.04 and 18.0 ± 0.0 mm, respectively. At 5 mg/mL, the highest activity was noted against <i>S. aureus</i> by <b>8</b> with ZI of 18.6 ± 0.08 mm. Dihydroferulic acid (<b>3</b>), methyl gallate (<b>8</b>), and gallic acid (<b>9</b>) displayed potent scavenging of DPPH radical with respective IC₅₀ of 10.66, 7.48, and 6.08 µg/mL, compared with ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ of 5.83 µg/mL). Molecular docking results showed that lupeol (<b>2</b>) exhibited strong binding energy of -7.7 and − 10 kcal/mol towards PDB ID: 4F86 and PDB ID: 3T07, respectively, compared to ciprofloxacin (-6.5 and − 7.2 kcal/mole). Towards PDB ID: 1DNU receptor, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>8</b>, and <b>9</b> showed minimum binding energy of -5.1, -4.8, and − 4.9 kcal/mol, respectively, compared to ascorbic acid (-5.7 kcal/mol). The Swiss ADME prediction results indicated that compounds <b>2</b>, <b>3</b>, <b>8</b>, and <b>9</b> obeyed the Lipinksi rule of five and Veber rule with 0 violations. The in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant results supported by <i>in silico</i> analysis indicated that compounds <b>2</b>, <b>3</b>, <b>8</b>, and <b>9</b> can potentially be lead candidates for the treatment of pathogenic and free radical-induced disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00930-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential endocrine-disrupting effects of iprodione via estrogen and androgen receptors: evaluation using in vitro assay and an in silico model","authors":"Ji-Yeon Yang,&nbsp;Jeong-Hyun Lim,&nbsp;Soo-Jin Park,&nbsp;Youmi Jo,&nbsp;Si Young Yang,&nbsp;Min-Kyoung Paik,&nbsp;So-Hye Hong","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00932-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00932-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study was conducted to provide evidence, using in vitro and in silico testing methods, regarding the adverse effects of iprodione, a representative dichlorophenyl dicarboxamide fungicide, on the endocrine system. In the present study, we used the HeLa9903 stably transfected transactivation assay (OECD TG 455), 22Rv1/MMTV_GR‒KO androgen receptor transcriptional activation assay (OECD TG 458), and toxicity prediction using VEGA QSAR. Our results showed that iprodione had no estrogen receptor antagonistic or androgen receptor agonistic effects; however, iprodione was determined to be an estrogen receptor agonist (log PC₁₀ value is less than − 9) and androgen receptor antagonist (log IC₃₀ value is − 4.58) without intrinsic toxicity against the human cell lines used in this study. VEGA QSAR was used to evaluate five substances with structures similar to that of iprodione. Among them, four chemicals were found to have positive androgen receptor and aromatase activities and have been observed to be developmental toxicants. These results suggest that iprodione regulates steroid hormone receptor interactions and is a potential reproductive toxicant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00932-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The green approach of chitosan/Fe2O3/ZnO-nanocomposite synthesis with an evaluation of its biological activities","authors":"Aisha M. H. Al-Rajhi,&nbsp;Tarek M. Abdelghany,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Almuhayawi,&nbsp;Mohammed H. Alruhaili,&nbsp;Soad K. Al Jaouni,&nbsp;Samy Selim","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00926-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00926-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biopolymers embedded with nanoparticles of metal oxides (MOs) demonstrate a wide range of bio-functions. Chitosan-incorporated MOs are an interesting class of support matrices for enhancing the biological function, compared to other support matrices. Therefore, the importance of this study lies in exploiting chitosan as a carrier not of one metal as in previous studies, but of two metals in the form of a nanocomposite to carry out several biological functions. The coprecipitation approach was employed to synthesize chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite in the present research. The characterization of chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite was performed to find out the morphology and dispersion properties of chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation revealed that these were crystalline. Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectrum bands were viewed at 400/cm and 900/cm, due to the stretching vibration of Fe and Zn oxygen bond. TEM showed that chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite was of 20–95 nm in size. chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite exhibited inhibitory potential against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>,<i> Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i> with inhibition zones of 25 ± 0.1, 28 ± 0.2, 27 ± 0.1, and 27 ± 0.2 mm, respectively while didn’t inhibited <i>Aspergillus niger</i>. MIC value of nanocomposite was 15.62 ± 0.33 µg/mL for<i> C. albicans, B. subtilis</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, while it was 62.50 ± 0.66 µg/mL for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Ranged values of nanocomposite MBC (15.62 ± 0.33 to 125 ± 1 µg/mL) were attributed to all tested bacteria. Different concentrations of chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite MBC (25, 50, and 75%) reflected anti-biofilm activity against<i> E. coli</i> (85.0, 93.2, and 96.0%),<i> B. subtilis</i> (84.88, 92.21, and 96.99%), <i>S. aureus</i> 81.64, 90.52, and 94.64%) and <i>P. aurogenosa</i> (90.11, 94.43, and 98.24%), respectively. The differences in the levels of antimicrobial activities may depend on the type of examined microbes. Antioxidant activity of chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite was recorded with excellent IC₅₀ values of 16.06 and 32.6 µg/mL using DPPH and ABTS scavenging, respectively. Wound heal by chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite was achieved with 100% compared to the untreated cells (76.75% of wound closer). The cytotoxicity outcomes showed that the IC₅₀ of the chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite was 564.32 ± 1.46 µg/mL normal WI-38 cells. Based on the achieved findings, the chitosan/Fe₂O₃/ZnO-nanocomposite is a very promising agent for perform pharmacological activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00926-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing seed oil content and fatty acid composition in camelina through overexpression of castor RcWRI1A and RcMYB306","authors":"Mid-Eum Park,&nbsp;Inyoung Kim,&nbsp;Hye Ji Lee,&nbsp;Mi Chung Suh,&nbsp;Kyeong-Ryeol Lee,&nbsp;Hyun Uk Kim","doi":"10.1186/s13765-024-00927-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13765-024-00927-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seed triacylglycerol (TAG), a major component of vegetable oil, consists of a glycerol esterified with three fatty acids. Vegetable oil has industrial applications and is widely used as edible oil. The increasing demand for plant oils, owing to population growth, it is crucial to enhance the oil content in seeds. We found castor WRINKLED1A (RcWRI1A) and R2R3-type MYB domain protein 306 (RcMYB306) which have homology with Arabidopsis WRI1 (AtWRI1) and AtMYB96 which regulate genes involved in fatty acid and TAG synthesis, respectively. These castor genes were separately and jointly overexpressed using seed-specific promoters in an oil crop, camelina (<i>Camelina sativa</i>). Overexpression of <i>RcWRI1A</i>, <i>RcMYB306</i>, or <i>RcWRI1A</i> + <i>RcMYB306</i> increased the total seed oil content in camelina. However, this increase was not significantly different from that observed during the overexpression of <i>RcWRI1A</i> or/and <i>RcMYB306</i>. <i>RcWRI1A</i> overexpression increased the fatty acid content, including 16:0, 18:2, 18:3. Contrastingly, <i>RcMYB306</i> overexpression increased the 18:1, 18:2, 18:3, 20:0 and 20:1 fatty acid. In the <i>RcWRI1A + RcMYB306</i> lines, changes in fatty acid composition demonstrated the combined effects of these transcription factors. These results suggest that RcWRI1A and RcMYB306 can be used to improve the productivity of oil crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":467,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biological Chemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://applbiolchem.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13765-024-00927-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}