Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Biotechnological Potential of Cyanobacteria from the Calu Collection: Influence of Strain and Cultivation Conditions","authors":"E. A. Budenkova,&nbsp;V. D. Yudina,&nbsp;D. D. Snarskaya,&nbsp;L. S. Dyshlyuk,&nbsp;O. O. Babich,&nbsp;D. S. Katsetov","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825603853","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825603853","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The relevance of researching the biotechnological potential of cyanobacteria is linked to an existing contradiction: despite extensive fundamental knowledge about the biotechnological potential of cyanobacteria, their commercial application is limited to a narrow niche. The key tasks in this regard are selecting highly productive strains or consortia and developing cultivation methods that increase the yield of target metabolites. Eight cyanobacterial cultures from the SPbU Science Park collection (CALU), isolated from various geographical regions, were reconstructed and characterized as cyanobacterial-bacterial consortia in terms of biomass growth and biochemical composition using standard methods of chemical composition analysis, factorial experiments, thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotometry, the clotting method, and 16S rRNA profiling. The results of two-step full factorial experiment showed significant variability in the total content of metabolites (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and pigments) but not biomass growth in different cultures when varying the photoperiod regime and/or the ratio of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus (N/P) sources in the nutrient medium. Statistically significant anticoagulant activity was observed in the extracellular polymers in 5 of 8 cyanobacterial-bacterial consortia studied. These results suggest that further research should focus on the extracellular metabolites of cyanobacteria, as they are the most promising targets for commercial product development.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"541 - 552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Escherichia coli Strain M17 that Expresses CtxB Protein as a basis for Promising Biomedical Applications","authors":"H. Jamgochian,&nbsp;M. S. Kotliarova,&nbsp;M. S. Shumkov,&nbsp;A. V. Goncharenko","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825603877","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825603877","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The CtxB protein is a non-toxic β-subunit of cholera toxin that is responsible for toxin binding to eukaryotic cell receptors. The biological activity and safety of this protein make it suitable for a variety of biomedical applications. In particular, CtxB can act as an adjuvant in mucosal vaccines and is considered for the treatment of some immune pathologies as a modulatory molecule. Here, we investigated the possibility of using a probiotic microorganism to deliver CtxB to the gastrointestinal tract. An expression system for the cholera toxin β-subunit in <i>Escherichia coli</i> M17 cells under the T5 promoter was created. The yield of CtxB upon lactose or IPTG expression induction in vitro exceeded 50 μg per mL of culture per unit of optical density. When orally administered to mice gastrointestinal tract, the induced bacterial culture provoked the development of a pronounced humoral immune response to CtxB.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"489 - 495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0003683825603877.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable Films Based on Gelatin and Alginate Crosslinked with Transglutaminase: Characteristics and Optimization of Production Conditions","authors":"D. A. Kadimaliev,&nbsp;S. E. Shemyakov,&nbsp;I. V. Syusin,&nbsp;V. A. Trofimov,&nbsp;S. Y. Molokanova,&nbsp;I. N. Chairkin","doi":"10.1134/S0003683826600193","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683826600193","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The production conditions of biodegradable alginate–gelatin films crosslinked with the microbial transglutaminase (mTGase) enzyme were optimized and their characteristics were investigated. The properties of the films depended on both the crosslinking conditions and the type and ratio of the ingredients. It was shown by IR spectroscopy, microtomography, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy that mTGase stitches components and improves the physicomechanical parameters of the films. The best film samples manifested the following characteristics: the thickness of 103.1 ± 5.2 μm, the strength of 32.3 ± 2.4 MPa, the tensile strength of 168.2 ± 6.2%, and the vapor permeability of 22.06 ± 1.15 × 10^–8 g mm/(h cm² Pa). In the soil, the films underwent biodegradation in 30 ± 2 days. The films considered here can be used to wrap food and medical items, to produce suture material, to immobilize drugs without loss of their activity, to heal, normalize, and adapt wound edges, and to protect wounds from ambient factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"533 - 540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracellular Response of White Rot Fungi Trametes hirsuta LE-BIN 072 to the Presence of Estrogens","authors":"O. S. Savinova,&nbsp;A. V. Shabaev,&nbsp;T. V. Fedorova","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825604342","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825604342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, a proteomic approach was used to examine the cellular response of WRF <i>Trametes hirsuta</i> LE-BIN 072 to the presence of estrogens E1 and E2 (typical EDCs) in the culture medium. Using MALDI-TOF-TOF MS/MS, more than 50 proteins were identified whose production changed in the presence of estrogens. In particular, proteins involved in energy metabolism, metabolism and transport of lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids showed increased production, including alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs), aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), alcohol oxidases (AOX), benzoquinone reductase, and others. The process of intracellular biotransformation of estrogens was accompanied by increased production of antioxidant defense proteins of the fungus (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxins, and NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase NQO1), as well as heat shock protein (HSP60) to counteract oxidative stress and protein misfolding. It has been shown that in the presence of estrogens, the production of the Krebs cycle, glyoxylate shunt (GS), and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) proteins also increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"503 - 513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0003683825604342.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant Growth-promoting Chalky Soil Bacteria Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Wild Legumes (Characterization and Molecular Identification)","authors":"Z. A. Asfha,&nbsp;Y. K. Kocharovskaya,&nbsp;N. E. Suzina,&nbsp;T. N. Abashina,&nbsp;V. N. Polivtseva,&nbsp;Y. Delegan,&nbsp;I. P. Solyanikova","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825601635","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825601635","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The goal of the current investigation was to further identify and characterize the chalky soil bacteria that were isolated from the rhizosphere of three wild legumes. We have already published some information about rhizospheric bacteria in chalky soil. In this study, chalky soil bacterial community, bacterial cell morphology, antibiotic susceptibility, plant growth promoting (PGP) features, and the impact of the bacterial isolate EAE-1 on the growth of five legume plants were all studied. The results of the study showed that rhizospheric bacteria in chalky soil had a variety of morphologies, with the phylum <i>proteobacteria</i> being the most prevalent group. In terms of how bacteria react to antibiotics, the current findings showed that all the bacterial isolate was susceptible to Amikacin (30 µg), Neomycin (30 µg), and Tobramycin (10 µg ). According to the overall results of antibiotic susuptability, 47% of the bacterial isolates were sensitive, 23% were intermediate sensitive, and 30% were resistant to the antibiotics under investigation. Additionally, rhizospheric bacteria in chalky soil showed characteristics that promoted plant growth. Of the bacterial isolates, approximately 83.3% fixed nitrogen, 55.6% produced IAA with a 2% L-tryptophan supplement, 44.4% solubilized inorganic phosphate, and over 65% produced extracellular enzymes such amylase, protease, lipase and cellulase. Furthermore, the root length of <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>, <i>Vigna unguiculata</i>, and <i>Cicer arietinum</i> was significantly affected by the bacterial isolate EAE-1 (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the biocontrol potential of the bacterial isolates demonstrated that 75% of them supressed the growth of <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> F-4006 and 62.5% inhibited the growth of <i>Pythium vexans</i> F-1193, <i>Aspergillus unguis</i> F-1754, and <i>Alternaria brassicola</i> F-1864. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing result revealed that the bacterial isolates showed high similarity to the species belonging to the genera <i>Streptomyces</i>, <i>Janthinobacterium</i>, and <i>Kitasatospora</i>. In conclusion, chalky soil bacteria would be a promising option for biotechnological applications due to their remarkable characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 3","pages":"586 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan Nanoascorbate of Bombyx Mori with Aluminum Ions","authors":"K. K. Pirniyazov,&nbsp;D. I. Asrakulova,&nbsp;S. Sh. Rashidova","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825602483","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825602483","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work describes the synthesis of the chitosan nanoscorbate complex from <i>Bombyx mori</i> with aluminum ions based on chitosan and ascorbic acid using the ionotropic gelation method. Their physicochemical and antimicrobial properties against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, which causes diseases in agricultural crops, are studied. The obtained chitosan nanoscorbate with aluminum ions has a larger inhibition zone compared to all variants against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, which allows its use for presowing seed treatment with the component ratio of CS : AA : Al of 4 : 1 : 0.5.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 2","pages":"247 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Chitosan and Chitosan Nanoparticles on Resistance of Wheat Plants to Dark Brown Spot","authors":"E. V. Popova,&nbsp;N. S. Domnina,&nbsp;I. I. Novikova,&nbsp;N. M. Kovalenko,&nbsp;I. L. Krasnobaeva","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825602422","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825602422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A comparative study of fungistatic and elicitor activity of chitosan solutions and dispersions of chitosan nanoparticles obtained by fractional precipitation at pH 5.0 (NC-5) and pH 7.0 (NC-7) from chitosan with a molecular weight of 60 kDa was carried out. Both dispersions demonstrated higher fungistatic activity against <i>Bipolaris sorokiniana</i> compared to chitosan solution. A tendency towards a greater effect of inhibition of <i>B</i>. <i>sorokiniana</i> mycelium growth was revealed for NC-5 dispersion compared to NC-7 dispersion. It was found that pretreatment of wheat plants with NC-5 and NC-7 dispersions reduced leaf infestation with dark brown spot by three and two times, respectively, compared to the control. Chitosan solution under the same conditions suppressed disease development by only 10%. The studied dispersions can be considered as the basis for effective natural antimicrobial drugs with inducing activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 2","pages":"303 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroporous Cryo-Structured Material Based on Vanillin-Cross-Linked Chitosan and Its Mechanical, Physicochemical, Sanitary-Chemical, and Antibacterial Properties","authors":"M. Delic,&nbsp;K. L. Kolosov,&nbsp;I. A. Butorova,&nbsp;I. G. Andropova,&nbsp;E. A. Podorozhko,&nbsp;N. E. Benyaev,&nbsp;A. A. Artyukhov,&nbsp;A. N. Kuskov","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825602562","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825602562","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes a method for producing a macroporous cryostructured hydrogel material based on chitosan cross-linked with a low-toxicity agent, vanillin. The method involves a two-stage process: cryostructuring followed by freeze-drying and thermal cross-linking, resulting in the formation of Schiff bases. The resulting material is characterized by a developed system of interconnected pores with an average size of approximately 60 μm, a high swelling rate, and sufficient mechanical properties determined by its porous structure. The selective antibacterial activity of this material against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (growth inhibition rate of 24.3%) was demonstrated, and its sanitary and chemical evaluation was also conducted. It was found that the material retains its key physical, mechanical, and sanitary properties after sterilization with ionizing radiation at doses of up to 25 kGy. The results demonstrate the potential of the developed material for use as a basis for biomedical products, such as wound dressings, hemostatic agents, and implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 2","pages":"210 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryostructurates Based on Fibroin and Its Compositions with Chitosan: Preparation and Use as Macroporous Carriers for Cell Culturing","authors":"N. R. Kildeeva,&nbsp;N. A. Sazhnev,&nbsp;M. G. Drozdova,&nbsp;E. A. Markvicheva,&nbsp;A. D. Ivanova,&nbsp;E. A. Svidchenko,&nbsp;N. M. Surin,&nbsp;V. I. Lozinsky","doi":"10.1134/S000368382560232X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S000368382560232X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Regenerated fibroin isolated from natural silk and mixed solutions of it with chitosan were used to obtain cryostructurates—macroporous hydrogel matrices intended for application in tissue engineering as carriers for cell culturing. The conditions for stabilizing the structure of such biopolymeric carriers by cross-linking fibroin (Fb) and chitosan (Chit) with genipin (Gp) in alcohol solutions and the features of cell growth on the obtained materials were studied. Investigation of the interaction of genipin with fibroin and chitosan acetate showed that the reaction rate leading to the cross-linking of macromolecular chains of amino-containing biopolymers, as well as the concentration of the genipin conversion product, can be significantly increased compared to using the individual protein. With the use of confocal laser scanning microscopy, the structure of macroporous carriers was studied and their ability to support 3D growth of mouse fibroblasts (L929) in an in vitro model was demonstrated. The obtained biomaterials are promising for use in tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 2","pages":"198 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Chitosan–Ag Nanocomposites on the Development of Protective Mechanisms in Potato Plants and Resistance to Phytophthora infestans","authors":"L. G. Yarullina,&nbsp;E. A. Cherepanova,&nbsp;G. F. Burkhanova,&nbsp;E. A. Zaikina,&nbsp;V. O. Tsvetkov,&nbsp;A. V. Sorokan,&nbsp;I. S. Mardanshin,&nbsp;I. Y. Fatkullin,&nbsp;A. D. Pustovaya,&nbsp;J. N. Kalatskaja,&nbsp;K. S. Hileuskaya","doi":"10.1134/S0003683825602690","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0003683825602690","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A comparative assessment of the effect of two structurally different chitosan–silver nanocomposites (Ch–Ag 1 and Ch–Ag 2) on plant resistance to <i>Phytophthora infestans</i>, the state of the pro-/antioxidant system, the transcriptional activity of PR protein genes, and potato productivity was carried out. The dependence of the biological activity of Ch–Ag nanocomposites on their structure has been revealed. The mechanisms of activation of potato defense systems under the influence of Ch–Ag nanocomposites were mediated by the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, a decrease in catalase activity, and an increase in the transcription of genes encoding PR proteins: chitinase (PR-3), thaumatin-like protein (PR-5), RNase (PR-10), and methyltransferase (MT). It was shown that treatment with Ch–Ag 2 reduced the degree of damage to the leaves of <i>P. infestans</i> and increased the mass of potato mini-tubers. The data obtained indicate that chitosan–silver nanocomposites are promising biological products for increasing the stability and productivity of potatoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":466,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology","volume":"62 2","pages":"267 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}