Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Trends in cervical cancer incidence in the United States from 2000-2019","authors":"Yu-yi Ou ,&nbsp;Zi-Jun Lin ,&nbsp;Santosh Chokkakula ,&nbsp;Siomui Chong ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Xu ,&nbsp;Liying Huang ,&nbsp;Andrew In-Cheong Si Md ,&nbsp;Jiang Yong ,&nbsp;Chengliang Yin ,&nbsp;Jun Lyu ,&nbsp;Xiao-bin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue globally and in the United States (US). Understanding the patterns of disease occurrence and identifying at-risk populations is crucial. This study aimed to assess the impact of age, menstrual cycle, and birth cohort on cervical cancer incidence, with a focus on identifying the most vulnerable demographic groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 database, which included cervical cancer cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2019. Age-period-cohort (APC) modeling and joinpoint analysis were employed to examine trends in cervical cancer incidence across various age groups, racial categories, tumor stages, and sizes. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess temporal and demographic variations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cervical cancer incidence demonstrated a fluctuating trend from 2000 to 2019, with an initial decline followed by a slight increase from 2013 onward. The annual growth rate post-2013 was 0.3 % (95 % CI: −0.7 %–1.4 %). Age-specific analysis revealed a significant decrease in incidence for the 20–24 age group and an increase for the 40–44 age group, which reached its peak during the study period. A reduction in incidence was also observed for localized and distant tumor stages, as well as smaller tumors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Between 2000 and 2019, cervical cancer incidence varied across age groups, with individuals aged 40–44 years showing a marked increase in susceptibility. These findings highlight the importance of targeted intervention strategies for vulnerable populations and provide insights into the temporal dynamics of cervical cancer incidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of tigecycline vs colistin for Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections in cancer patients","authors":"Sai Vaibhavi Gumudavelli ,&nbsp;Akshay Shelke ,&nbsp;Pallavi Priya ,&nbsp;Richa Chauhan ,&nbsp;Sameer Dhingra","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections pose a significant threat owing to their high mortality rates and limited treatment options, exacerbated by antibiotic misuse and the spread of resistance genes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to compare the effectiveness, safety, and outcomes of tigecycline and colistin in the treatment of CRE infections in cancer patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 9-month prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary-care cancer hospital in Bihar, India. The study included 150 patients with CRE infections divided into tigecycline (n = 90) and colistin (n = 60) groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients receiving tigecycline had higher levels of direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and creatinine. However, tigecycline was associated with shorter hospital stays (13.73 vs 17.45 days, p = 0.016) and therapy durations (5.7 vs 7.3 days, p = 0.04). Infection recurrence rates (3.3 % vs. 5 %) and 30-day mortality rates (17.6 % vs. 18.9 %, p = 0.663) were similar between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both tigecycline and colistin were effective in treating CRE infections in patients with cancer. Although tigecycline was associated with improved hospital stay and therapy duration, it also showed potential liver and kidney function adverse effects. These findings highlight the need for careful consideration of treatment options for CRE infections in patients with cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance to select sections of cigarettes and other tobacco products act (COTPA) around PoS and perception of tobacco vendors about tobacco control policies and vendor licensing: A mixed method study from four districts of a South Indian state","authors":"Sneha D. Mallya ,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar ,&nbsp;Rohith Bhagawath ,&nbsp;Afraz Jahan ,&nbsp;Radhika Nayak ,&nbsp;Muralidhar M. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Tobacco control is challenging due to the easy availability of tobacco products and the sub-optimal implementation of the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA). Preventing tobacco uptake and controlling sales requires innovative approaches. The study was conducted to assess compliance with relevant sections of COTPA and understand the perception of tobacco vendors about tobacco control policies, including the new vendor licensing initiative.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate compliance with section 4, 5, 6 and 20 of COTPA across four city corporations of Karnataka using a checklist at the point of sale (PoS). A fixed point was randomly chosen in each city corporation, and the research team visited consecutive shops in a clockwise direction until the required number was reached. A qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted among vendors selling tobacco products to understand their perception of current tobacco control policies and vendor licensing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 1379 shops surveyed across four city corporations of Karnataka, 616 (44.6 %) were selling tobacco products. Compliance to various provisions of section 4,5,6 and 20 of COTPA was suboptimal. Vendors said that only strict implementation of COTPA provisions can aid in tobacco control. Vendors displayed a positive attitude toward the new vendor licensing law. They emphasized the requirement of a simple procedure and expected the tobacco industry to support them in obtaining the license. Vendors opined that a higher fee for licensing could act as a deterrent to continue tobacco sales.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The survey highlights significant tobacco sales among shops in Karnataka, with nearly half involved. Despite suboptimal compliance with COTPA provisions, vendors show willingness to adhere if strictly enforced. Positive reception towards the new vendor licensing law suggests a streamlined process could enhance compliance. However, vendors' expectation of support from the tobacco industry for licensing requires caution, as it may influence tobacco control measures. Higher licensing fees might discourage tobacco sales, aiding control efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101999"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing dietary changes during pregnancy – A mixed method stakeholder perception study from a rural area","authors":"S. Vineetha ,&nbsp;Poonam R. Naik ,&nbsp;N. Navya","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objectives</h3><div>Maternal nutrition is vital for maternal and child health, hence it is important to understand the reasons for dietary changes made and additional support required. The study aims to assess dietary changes in antenatal women, their associations with socio-demographic and clinical factors, and to explore factors influencing these changes as perceived by both pregnant women and healthcare providers {Medical officer, Primary Health Care Officers (PHCO) and Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA)}</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An explanatory mixed method study was conducted from October 2020 to October 2022 involving interview of antenatal women who have completed their second trimester registered in Kurnad PHC area followed by in-depth interview of antenatal women and the health care providers of Kurnad PHC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 299 participants with a mean age of 27.41 years. About 75.5 % were unemployed and approximately 77 % held below-poverty-line cards. Co-morbidities were present in 36 %, with 87 % having anaemia, 51.85 % gestational diabetes and 42.95 % pregnancy-induced hypertension. Thirty-three percent experienced hyperemesis gravidarum.</div><div>Pregnant women increased intake of green leafy vegetables, fruits, nuts, and seeds while decreasing poultry, meat, dairy, sweets, bakery items, and fats. Reasons included improving health, addressing medical issues, and satisfying cravings.</div><div>Chi-square analysis found associations with socio-demographic and clinical factors. Influencing factors included health promotion, advice from family and healthcare providers, managing health issues, cravings, affordability, and community services like Anganwadi.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Behaviour change communication strategies and adequate support for decision making and availing nutritious food will facilitate appropriate dietary changes during pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of adverse childhood experiences in smartphone addiction among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India","authors":"Archna Yadav,&nbsp;Naorem Kiranmala Devi,&nbsp;Kallur Nava Saraswathy,&nbsp;Vineet Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Smartphone addiction (SA) is a growing public health concern among young adults. While adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to various behavioural and health outcomes, their role in SA remains understudied, particularly in India. This study explores the association between ACEs and SA among young adults in Delhi-NCR, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study involved 258 young adults (mean age 21.62 ± 2.21 years) in Delhi-NCR, India. SA and ACEs were assessed using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) and the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with ≥4 ACE exposure demonstrated significantly higher SA prevalence and scores than those without ACE exposure. The ACE score was found to be significantly positively associated with SA [β (SE) = 0.89 (0.36), p = 0.015]. Further, compared to those with 0 ACE, individuals with ≥4 ACEs showed a 2.22-fold increased risk of SA; however, this association did not reach statistical significance [OR (95 % CI) = 2.22 (0.89–5.54), p = 0.088]. Among ACE domains, household alcohol/drug use, and incarcerated household members were significantly associated with elevated SA risk. Emotional abuse and bullying also showed over 2-fold risk, though these associations did not reach statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights a positive relationship between ACE exposure and SA risk, suggesting that young adults exposed to ACEs may be more susceptible to SA. Implementing targeted interventions for young adults with high ACE exposure could be beneficial. However, further research is needed as the sample may not be fully representative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, risk factors and the clinical outcomes of HIV-1 infected patients with immune discordance - A retrospective case-control study","authors":"Akalu Srinivas Kamakshi Shriya ,&nbsp;Sudheer Areeparambil ,&nbsp;Mothi S N ,&nbsp;VHT Swamy ,&nbsp;Srirama B R ,&nbsp;Sri Ram Murugesh ,&nbsp;Arun Gopi ,&nbsp;Balaji Sathyanarayana Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study aims to assess the prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes among immune discordant HIV patients at an HIV care hospital located in southern India as the prognosis of immune discordant subjects is poorly comprehended and only a handful of studies have been conducted in this region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective case-control study was conducted among 1270 patients enrolled at the HIV care hospital between the period of March 2016 and July 2023. The study protocol was endorsed by the institutional ethics Committee. 1249 patients met the study criteria and 71 were found to be immune discordant. The data collection form was designed to capture patients’ demographic and clinical details. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were utilized to quantify the relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of discordant immune responders and non-immune discordant responders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) was found to be 5.6 % and 94.4 % respectively. The risk factors independently influencing the immune discordance along with their adjusted odds ratio (AOR) were baseline CD4 cell count less than 200 cells/mm3 (AOR 1.49; 95 % CI: 1.270–1.816, P = 0.00), presence of concomitant tuberculosis (AOR 1.58; 95 % CI: 1.344–1.996, P = 0.04) and heterosexually transmitted HIV (AOR 12.31; 95 % CI: 3.223–47.053, P = 0.00). Clinical outcomes observed in immune discordant subjects were classified as non-communicable disease (22.45 %), Opportunistic infection (8.45 %) and mortality (8.45 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Discordant immune response was seen primarily in patients with Tuberculosis coinfection, heterosexually transmission and baseline CD4 cell count ≤200 cell/mm3 the probable mechanism behind this could be a prior modification of the immune system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings over a decade in Colombia: Cross-sectional study","authors":"Aníbal A. Teherán ,&nbsp;Karen P. Ayala ,&nbsp;Gabriel Camero-Ramos ,&nbsp;Luis M. Pombo ,&nbsp;María C. Mejía ,&nbsp;Luis G. Piñeros","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Annually, electrical injuries affect 1.2 million people worldwide, and up to 40 % injured people have long time complications. This study aims to identify factors related to electrical injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymized public database about electrical injuries in Colombia (2010–2019). Sociodemographic characteristics were described (counts [%], incidence/100,000 people), and a binary logistic regression model was applied to identify factors related (adjusted for age and sex; aOR, IC95 %) to electrical injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3009 electrical injuries were analyzed, 2452 in non-occupational settings, and 557 in occupational settings, mostly men (87.0 %), and the median age was 30 years. Burns (49.7 %) and deaths (29.2 %) were the most frequent outcomes, respectively, in occupational and non-occupational settings. Factors related to electrical injuries in occupational settings were male sex (13.4; 6.31–28.5), adulthood (5.80; 4.54–7.42), high school/technical education (24.6; 18.4–32.9), rural areas (3.47; 2.85–4.23), daytime ocurrence (2.32; 1.65–3.26), and the median time to the event was 20 months (Kaplan Meier: CI95 %); In non-occupational settings, they were early childhood (25.2; 9.25–68.8) and adolescence (41.9; 5.88–299.7), primary education level (3.12; 2.24–4.35), urban areas (3.47; 2.85–4.23), and nighttime ocurrence (2.32; 1.65–3.26).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In Colombia, electrical injuries mainly ocurred in non-occupational settings. Implementing public health measures targeting high-risk groups identified in factors associated with these injuries, particularly in homes and outdoor environments, could potentially prevent at least 67.8 % of these incidents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit in Armed Force Hospital, Oman: A single center cohort","authors":"Masoud Kashoub ,&nbsp;Mohammed Al Shukairi ,&nbsp;Mariya Al Abdali ,&nbsp;Anisa Al Jabri ,&nbsp;Rawan Al Abdulsalam ,&nbsp;Jawahir Al Badri ,&nbsp;Sachin Jose ,&nbsp;Omar Al Salti","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Amidst the global COVID-19 pandemic, characterized as the most catastrophic health crisis since the 1918 influenza pandemic, this study aims to provide local insights by examining critically ill patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Armed Force Hospital (AFH) in Muscat, Oman.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This single-center retrospective cohort study encompassed 226 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted between February 2020 and November 2021. Demographic information, clinical records, laboratory results, and radiological examinations were extracted from the AFH electronic system. Survival analysis employed the Kaplan-Meier curve to determine median survival time with a 95 % confidence interval. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of predictor variables on mortality, with hazard ratios reported alongside their 95 % confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The patient population exhibited a median age of 61 years, comprising 32.9 % females and 67.1 % males. A substantial majority, 84.7 % of patients, had at least one medical comorbidity. Notably, patients aged 65 years and older experienced an 83.3 % increased hazard of mortality, while each one-unit increase in lactate levels resulted in an 11.2 % increased hazard of mortality among ICU patients. The overall median survival time was found to be 17.00 days, with a 95 % confidence interval spanning from 14.18 to 19.82.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The overall mortality rate observed in this study was approximately 56.5 %. These findings underscore the significant burden imposed by COVID-19 and highlight the imperative for the development of future strategies to mitigate similar outcomes in the face of future pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between oral health-related quality of life and mental health among university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"AlBandary H. AlJameel ,&nbsp;Lama S. AlSaleh ,&nbsp;Noor H. Bawazir ,&nbsp;Aseel S. AlOmair ,&nbsp;Sultan A. AlMalki","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mental health is bidirectionally associated with oral disorders Therefore, this study aims at assessing self-reported mental illness and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of group of university students in Riyadh city of Saudi Arabia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study using a self-reported questionnaire that has several components such as Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) to identify the impact of oral health on different aspects of life and global rating of oral health, and mental health status by using Arabic translation of (depression (PHQ9-9items) and (generalized anxiety (GAD7-7 items) among group of university male and female students. All descriptive and correlation analysis were performed using STATA program (STATA Corp, College station, TX, US).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 614 participants. 205 (33.4 %) of participants had high scores of OHIP-14 which indicates the negative effect on their quality of life. They reported facing difficulty pronouncing certain words due to oral-related issues by 71(11.6 %). A statistically significant correlation was found between participants who reported mental disorders and high OHIP-14 mean score. Findings showed that participant who reported having severe depression had the highest OHIP-14 mean score (19.3 SD ± 14.2) compared to participants with no depression or having mild or moderate depression, also those who reported having severe anxiety had highest OHIP-14 man score (16.3 SD ± 12.0) compared to participants with no anxiety or having mild or moderate anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>As findings indicated the negative impact on OHRQoL among participants with depression and anxiety, interventions should be planned in a comprehensive manner aiming at improving oral and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule/CD166 as a non-invasive biomarker in women with breast cancer","authors":"Vemareddy Hemalatha ,&nbsp;Shabna Roupal ,&nbsp;Vanitharani Nagasubramanian ,&nbsp;Bhawna Dev ,&nbsp;S.D. Rajendran","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>ALCAM, as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker, has the potential to revolutionize breast cancer screening by enabling early intervention and, ultimately, improving patient survival rates. This study investigated the ALCAM concentration and its diagnostic accuracy at the early stages of breast cancer (T1/T2, M0, N0).</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A total of 81 early stage breast cancer patients confirmed by histopathology and 81 healthy female volunteers whose breast ultrasound or mammogram were normal were included in the study. Blood, saliva, and urine samples were collected from all the included participants, centrifuged at 3000 RPM for 10 min, and the supernatant was stored at −80 °C until analyzed for ALCAM expression by using the Human ALCAM ELISA Kit.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the ALCAM biomarker in serum, saliva, and urine and were 0.947, 0.996, and 0.947, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values of ALCAM expression in serum (87.7, 84, and ≥49.5), saliva (95.5, 96.3, and ≥52.5), and urine (88.89, 89.19, and ≥55) were interpreted.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ALCAM can be used to detect early breast cancers, showing better noninvasive diagnostic values. The study findings infer that ALCAM may represent a biomarker for breast cancer, which may have potential utility as a diagnostic tool as per the sensitivity and specificity values obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}