Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Depression and influencing factors among pregnant women living in central Viet Nam: A mixed-methods study","authors":"Minh Ho ,&nbsp;Tung Viet Le ,&nbsp;Ly Thi-Ly Tran ,&nbsp;Huong Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Antenatal depression can create social and economic pressures for families and communities. Pregnant women with antenatal depression may struggle to maintain employment, manage household responsibilities, and provide a stable environment for the fetus. Assessing the prevalence of antenatal depression and its influencing factors provides necessary information to develop support programs for pregnant women and their families.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A mixed-method study design was employed. Quantitative information assessed signs of depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale among 312 pregnant women residing in Da Nang City. Qualitative information was gathered through in-depth interviews with 8 participants, including representatives of healthcare managers and staff, and focus group discussions with pregnant women exhibiting and not exhibiting signs of depression. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression, while qualitative data were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found 28.2 % prevalence of antenatal depression. Qualitative analysis revealed positive influencing factors including: marital status (married/living with partner), planned pregnancy, support from husband's family, good relationship with husband, and having social support; Negative influencing factors included: advanced maternal age, low educational attainment, previous pregnancy complications, fetal abnormalities, having two or more children, poor relationship with mother-in-law, preference for male offspring within the family, experiencing mental and physical violence from the husband, and the support from service providers is inadequate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Depression symptoms are prevalent among pregnant women, so it's important for healthcare professionals to understand the risk factors for depression in pregnant women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in patients with base of tongue, cervical, and tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas: Indications of a shift in HPV genotype patterns","authors":"Reham M. Alahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant etiological factor in several cancers, including cervical and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). While HPV-16 is the most commonly reported genotype globally, emerging evidence indicates regional variations in genotype distribution. In Saudi Arabia, data on HPV genotypes in these cancers remain limited. This study investigated the prevalence and genotype distribution of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) in base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (BOTSCC), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), and to evaluate implications for HPV vaccine coverage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 97 patients (11 BOTSCC, 70 CSCC, and 16 TSCC) were tested for the presence and genotypes of HR-HPV using molecular methods. The distribution of HR-HPV genotypes, single and multiple infections, was assessed, and genotypes were compared to the coverage provided by the nine-valent HPV vaccine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In patients with base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (BOTSCC), HPV DNA was detected in all cases, with HPV-35 being the most prevalent genotype (90 %), followed by HPV-16 (63 %) and HPV-45 (9 %). Notably, 81.8 % of BOTSCC patients exhibited multiple HPV infections, predominantly dual infections. Among cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) cases, HPV-35 was again the most frequently detected genotype (84 %), followed by HPV-16 (68 %) and HPV-18 (54 %), while HPV-33 was not observed. In tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), 81.3 % of patients tested positive for.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The predominance of HPV-35 over HPV-16 in CSCC and HNSCC highlights a unique regional pattern and a gap in current vaccine coverage. The detection of non-vaccine genotypes supports the need for regional surveillance and potential expansion of vaccine targets to improve protection against HPV-related cancers in Saudi Arabia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of Human Papilloma Virus infection and acceptance of its testing among women of reproductive age in a low-resource setting, Ghana","authors":"Rejoice Fletcher,&nbsp;Evelyn Asamoah Ampofo,&nbsp;Caroline Dinam Badzi,&nbsp;Janet Aba Saah","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant public health concern globally, particularly among young women. Globally, 662, 000 cervical cancer cases were reported. In Ghana, the prevalence of HPV infection among females was 2, 797. Yet there is limited understanding of the perception of HPV infection and acceptance of its testing among women of reproductive age especially those in New Takoradi as evidenced by poor uptake of the test. This study aimed to investigate the perception of HPV infection and its testing among women of reproductive age in New Takoradi, Western Region of Ghana.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, 323 women aged 18–49 years were surveyed. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Majority of the respondents (70.6 %) were aged 18–30 years, had completed senior high school (SHS) (43.3 %) and single (61 %). A third of participants (30 %) perceived HPV to affect only promiscuous women, curable (53.6 %) and causes infertility (81.7 %). Whereas two-thirds (66.3 %) of participants were willing to undergo HPV testing in the next 6 months, majority (80.5 %) were willing to do so out of fear of contracting the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study's findings highlighted the importance of education and awareness campaigns to promote HPV testing among women of reproductive age in Ghana and similar contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with lymphatic filariasis in Indonesia","authors":"Sinta Dewi Lestyoningrum ,&nbsp;Adistha Eka Noveyani ,&nbsp;Debri Rizki Faisal ,&nbsp;Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni ,&nbsp;Syarifah Nuraini ,&nbsp;Indah Pawitaningtyas ,&nbsp;Linta Meyla Putri","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia despite global progress and national elimination efforts. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the influence of socioeconomic characteristics, preventive behaviors, and housing environmental factors on the risk of LF among Indonesian adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study used the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey to examine associations between socioeconomic factors, protective behaviors, housing characteristics, and lymphatic filariasis (LF) among 570,618 adults. Associations with LF were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, with results reported as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95 % confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of LF was 0.14 %. Socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, education, wealth index, and residence) were not statistically associated with LF risk. However, regular use of mosquito repellents (sprays, coils, electric devices) was significantly associated with a 25 % reduction in LF risk (AOR 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.59–0.95). Living in houses with non-permanent roofing (AOR 1.49, 95 % CI: 0.97–2.28) and without ceilings (AOR 1.20, 95 % CI: 0.93–1.54) showed increased, though non-significant, odds of LF occurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LF risk in Indonesia is not distinguished by socioeconomic status but is more strongly determined by consistent adoption of protective behaviors and housing quality. Universal access to mosquito repellents and targeted improvement in housing infrastructure should be prioritized as equitable and effective LF control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative assessment of Community and stakeholders' perception towards Malaria elimination in Gujarat focusing behavior of community","authors":"Niraj Pandit ,&nbsp;Arpita Patel ,&nbsp;Manju Rahi ,&nbsp;Sachin Sharma ,&nbsp;Nirmal Jyoti Jyotsana ,&nbsp;Yagna Pandit","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>In the last couple of years, the incidence and prevalence of malaria in Gujarat have declined as compared to Indian data. India's goal is to end malaria by the year 2030, for which community behavior is vital apart from other logistics and treatment management. This qualitative study conducted with aim to determine the perceptions of community towards malaria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The qualitative assessment was conducted in the two districts of Gujarat during September 2022 and November 2022. Data were collected through Focus Group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews (IDIs), and key informant interviews (KIIs) with the help of a qualitative guide. Data were analyzed through thematic framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>64 interviews consisting of 12 FGDs were carried out, combining the use of FGDs, KIIs, and IDIs. Review of community perception regarding malaria elimination was conducted and it was observed that they had sufficient knowledge regarding symptoms and diagnosis and their practices of the same were seen. Supportive presence of community in prevention and control measures to the government action was observed. The key gaps were seen on sustained social and behaviour change communication, human resources management, malaria among migratory population and poor interdepartmental coordination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The stakeholders in this study expressed their optimism regarding the progress towards eliminating malaria in Gujarat, but at a slower pace. The areas which required to improve like diagnosis coverage among migratory population and compliance with treatment regimens. The identified gaps can be targeted like sustainable funding for BCC, manpower management and malaria in migratory population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive epidemiology of one of the most common complications in patients living with diabetes in Mauritius: the diabetic foot","authors":"Luqman Nisa ,&nbsp;Thibaut Gelle ,&nbsp;Concheta Tchibozo ,&nbsp;Shaad Toofanee ,&nbsp;Damien Steciuk ,&nbsp;Andy Sadien ,&nbsp;Parveen Pokun ,&nbsp;Sabeena Dowlut ,&nbsp;Farid Boumediene","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Diabetic foot and lower-limb complications are a leading cause of disability and healthcare burden in patients with diabetes, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Mauritius has one of the highest diabetes prevalence rates worldwide, yet data on diabetic foot and lower-limb outcomes in real-world clinical settings remain scarce. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients receiving diabetic foot care in a specialised center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study was conducted over 26 months (January 2021–March 2023) at a diabetic foot care center in Mauritius. Adults with diabetes requiring wound care were included. Data were extracted from clinical records. Outcomes were classified as successful or unsuccessful wound healing. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors independently associated with healing success.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 198 patients (2407 consultations), the median age was 65.0 years (IQR 57.0–71.8) and 59.1 % were male. Arteriopathy and neuropathy were present in 38.8 % and 39.5 %, respectively. The most common wound sites were toes (30.3 %) and foot (21.1 %). Overall, 68.2 % of patients achieved successful healing. Independent predictors of success included having 3–10 visits (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.1; 95 % CI 1.3–7.6; p = 0.01), while arteriopathy was associated with failure (aOR 0.3; 95 % CI 0.1–0.6; p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Moderate follow-up (3–10 visits) was associated with better wound healing, while arteriopathy impaired outcomes. These findings support the need for structured diabetic foot care pathways in Mauritius, promoting early intervention and timely referral to specialist care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tranexamic acid in bleeding management of advanced cancer in palliative care: A systematic review","authors":"Ian Huang ,&nbsp;Dion Ravinder Theodeus Subroto ,&nbsp;Felicia Nathania Kosasih ,&nbsp;Stephen Tjandra ,&nbsp;Darien Alfa Cipta","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Bleeding complications in patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care pose a significant clinical challenge. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been explored as a potential therapeutic option for bleeding control. This review aimed to summarize the evidence on TXA, with a primary focus on the efficacy and safety profile of TXA in addressing bleeding issues in advanced cancer patients within palliative care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search using relevant keywords was conducted in medical databases, including PubMed, EBSCO, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Library, from inception to September 14th, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and case series or case reports that evaluated the use of TXA in advanced cancer patients for bleeding management in palliative care settings were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of eleven studies were included, comprising one observational study, one non-randomized study, six case reports, and three case series. Among the advanced cancer patients, the majority (87 %) had solid tumors. The overall success rate for bleeding cessation was 91.3 %, with a median of 3 days (ranging 15 min to 30 days) to achieve complete bleeding cessation. All routes of TXA administration with varying dosages were documented, including subcutaneous (46.5 %), oral (23.3 %), intravenous (18.6 %), and topical (11.6 %). Thromboembolic events were observed in 4.3 % of patients. No RCTs were identified during our search.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Tranexamic acid appears to be an effective and well-tolerated option for managing bleeding in advanced cancer patients receiving palliative care. Further research is needed to establish optimal dosing regimens and confirm its safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between oxidative balance score and human papillomavirus infection in women: A cross-sectional study from NHANES","authors":"Ziyi Cheng,&nbsp;Fan Yang,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Yun Bai,&nbsp;Xiuli Zheng,&nbsp;Yongjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the dietary and lifestyle factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is of public health significance. The combined effects of an antioxidant diet and lifestyle on HPV infection remain unclear. We aim to investigate the association between oxidative balance score (OBS) and HPV infection in women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 8204 female participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2016. Sixteen dietary and four lifestyle components were used to calculate the OBS. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between OBS and HPV infection. Restricted cubic splines were used to examine the dose-response relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the included participants, 3620 (44.1 %) had an HPV infection. The risk of HPV infection decreased with higher OBS, from 52.6 % in the lowest quintile of OBS (Q1) to 37.0 % in the highest quintile of OBS (Q5). After multivariable adjustment, the ORs (95 % CIs) for Q2-Q5 of OBS were 0.93 (0.74–1.17), 0.81 (0.64–1.01), 0.73 (0.59–0.90), and 0.70 (0.57–0.85), respectively, compared with the Q1 group. OBS was also negatively associated with the risk of multiple HPV infections. There was a linear dose-response relationship between OBS and HPV infection (<em>P</em> for nonlinearity = 0.855).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>An antioxidative lifestyle is associated with a lower prevalence of genital HPV infection in women. Future prospective studies are needed to validate the effect of OBS on the risk of incident and persistent infection with HPV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing lung cancer screening knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers among high-risk individuals in Jordan: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Sanaa K. Bardaweel ,&nbsp;Suha A. AlMuhaissen ,&nbsp;Mays Abu Ajamieh ,&nbsp;Sana AlNajjar ,&nbsp;Hashem AlJarrah","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Early detection through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) significantly improves prognosis, yet public awareness and screening uptake remain low, particularly in Jordan. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers toward LC screening among high-risk individuals in Jordan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 470 high-risk participants, primarily long-term smokers. A validated questionnaire assessed knowledge of LC risk factors, symptoms, and screening methods; attitudes toward early detection; and perceived barriers. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multivariate linear regression were used to examine associations between sociodemographic factors and outcome scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants demonstrated moderate knowledge (mean = 9 ± 5 out of 20), with high awareness of general LC risk factors but limited knowledge of LDCT (25.7 %). Over 90 % supported early detection, yet 27.4 % held fatalistic beliefs. Key barriers included lack of knowledge (86.2 %), unawareness of procedures (84.5 %), time constraints (61.7 %), and fear of diagnosis (54.5 %). Knowledge and attitudes were significantly associated with education, income, employment status, and family history of LC. Multivariate analysis confirmed sociodemographic factors and willingness to screen as strong predictors of engagement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite positive attitudes, there are significant gaps in knowledge and several perceived barriers to LC screening among high-risk individuals. Targeted educational interventions, greater physician involvement, and culturally tailored outreach are crucial to improving screening uptake in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted gut microbial profiles in Vietnamese children under 5 years of age with community-acquired pneumonia","authors":"Nghi Huu Chung ,&nbsp;Van Hung Pham ,&nbsp;Thien-Phuc Nguyen Hoang ,&nbsp;Trinh Thi Phuong Ha ,&nbsp;Phuong Bich Thi Do ,&nbsp;Chuyen Quoc Vo ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thanh Nhu ,&nbsp;Tuan Anh Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of the gut-lung axis in respiratory diseases; however, data on gut microbial alterations in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are scarce, especially in Southeast Asia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 78 Vietnamese children aged 2 months to 5 years, including 30 patients with CAP and 48 healthy controls (HC). Stool samples were collected prior to antibiotic administration and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, targeting the V3–V4 region. Gut microbial diversity (alpha and beta) and taxonomic composition were compared between the groups. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children with CAP exhibited significantly reduced microbial richness (Chao1, ACE, observed features, all p &lt; 0.001) but preserved evenness along with distinct community structures (PERMANOVA, p = 0.001). CAP was associated with the enrichment of potentially pathogenic genera (<em>Escherichia</em>, <em>Shigella</em>, <em>Eggerthella</em>) and the depletion of butyrate-producing taxa (<em>Ruminococcus</em> and <em>Coprobacillus</em>). These alterations may impair mucosal immunity by disrupting the gut–lung axis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vietnamese children with CAP display marked gut microbiota dysbiosis, with reduced richness and an imbalance favoring pro-inflammatory taxa. These results support the pivotal role of the gut-lung axis in the pathogenesis of pediatric pneumonia and suggest that microbiota-targeted interventions may hold promise for prevention and adjunctive treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 102247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}