Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Association of ABO blood group with lipid Profile in young adults of Hyderabad sindh","authors":"Shakil Ahmed Shaikh ,&nbsp;Salma Farukh Memon ,&nbsp;Naila Hajira Rahu ,&nbsp;Keenjahr Rani Laghari ,&nbsp;Zulfiqar Ali Laghari ,&nbsp;Hanozia Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>Dyslipidemia is one of the major predictors of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed as well as developing countries around the world. Cardiovascular diseases are becoming more prevalent in Pakistan and are the major cause of mortality in Pakistan. The number of studies previously carried out on ABO blood group association has been reported with many diseases including cancer, ulcer, diabetes, and hypertension. However, no study has previously reported an association of blood groups in apparently normal subjects. The objective of the study is to observe the association of the ABO blood group with Lipid Profile and compare the association in different ABO blood groups.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study includes 600 randomly selected subjects from different organizations of district Hyderabad including Universities, Colleges, Hospitals, students, faculty members, and their employees. This study was conducted from February 2021 to January 2022. Informed consent was obtained before the enrolment of volunteers. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data related to sociodemographic characteristics. A detailed history was taken followed by a thorough clinical examination. All biochemical tests were performed using the blood analyzer and micro lab. Data obtained by structured questionnaire and anthropometric parameters were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, the Overall B blood group was found more prevalent and similarly found in both males and females. We found Cholesterol higher in the O blood group and Rh-positive subjects.</p><p>Triglycerides were found higher in B and O and Rh Positive subjects. HDL was found to be higher in B and Rh-positive subjects. LDL was found higher in B and O and Rh Positive subjects. HDL was found to be higher in B and Rh-positive subjects. VLDL was found higher in both B and O AND Rh Positive subjects.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The evidence we collected is suggestive of the association of the ABO blood group with Lipid Profile.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002434/pdfft?md5=16d37c9a1ecf9ea86c40b0b7e87a1e1e&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002434-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring disease dynamics of acute diarrhoeal disease in cold desert Ladakh-India: A geographical analysis","authors":"Aijaz Ahmad Khanday ,&nbsp;G.M. Rather ,&nbsp;Mushtaq Ahmad Kumar ,&nbsp;Adnan Hussain Lone","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aim</h3><p>Acute Diarrhoeal disease (ADD) has a significant impact on public health and is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity<strong>.</strong> The present study attempts to study the spatiotemporal distribution of incidences of ADD and also tries to identify the geographical risk factors by associating socioeconomic and environmental factors with the prevalence of ADD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study conducted micro-level analysis in 24 randomly chosen villages, representing 5 % of Ladakh's medical blocks, to gather household data on diarrhoeal diseases, encompassing demographic, socio-economic, and residential environmental factors. Our dataset combines primary and secondary data. We utilized binary logistic regression to evaluate associations between these factors and diarrhoeal disease prevalence.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Spatio-temporal analysis in Ladakh's medical blocks revealed significant variations in diarrhoeal disease incidence, with Leh district showing higher rates compared to Kargil. The under-14 age group exhibited the highest ADD incidence (163.46 per 1000 persons), followed by the over-59 age group (43.73) and the 14–59 age group (8.90), with an overall prevalence rate of 38.91 per 1000 population. Factors such as education levels, household income, sewage drainage facilities, residential environment, and drinking water sources showed statistically significant associations with diarrhoea prevalence among surveyed households of Ladakh.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This research highlights the importance of addressing environmental and socio-economic determinants to mitigate the burden of diarrhoeal diseases in Ladakh. Effective interventions targeting improved sanitation, access to clean water, and socio-economic development are crucial for reducing diarrhoeal disease prevalence in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002379/pdfft?md5=73e26839416bceb19a29f72e14d49433&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002379-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections and associated risk factors in Simada, Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Misgan Tesfaw ,&nbsp;Zinaye Tekeste ,&nbsp;Amir Alelign","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The paucity of data on intestinal protozoan infections (IPIs) in Sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia, impedes prevention efforts. This study was thus conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IPIs in Simada, northwest Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2023. Stool samples were collected from 422 individuals who visited Yequassa Health Center in Simada district during the study period and examined for intestinal protozoan parasites using the wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for IPIs.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall prevalence of IPIs in this study was 57.1 %. Farmers (AOR (95 % CI) = 8.0 (8.2–28.5)), secondary school students (AOR (95 % CI) = 3.1 (1.1–8.9)), and merchants (AOR (95 % CI) = 4.7 (3.9–12.5)) were more likely to be infected with intestinal protozoan parasites. The odds of IPIs was higher among participants with low income (AOR (95 % CI) = 3.3 (1.6–7.0)) and no habit of hand washing before meals (AOR (95 % CI) = 12.4 (5.6–27.6)).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study's findings highlight the importance of implementing an effective IPI preventive strategy in the study area, which may involve raising public awareness of the role of factors such as hand washing before meals in IPIs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221339842400246X/pdfft?md5=56a73ae7ac800d3618114165f769a677&pid=1-s2.0-S221339842400246X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of the Knowledge and Attitude on the effect of COVID-19 Infection on Pregnancy (KACIP) questionnaire among pregnant women in Malaysia","authors":"Noorfaizahtul Hanim Md Nawawi ,&nbsp;Nur Azreen Che Mood ,&nbsp;Azidah Abdul Kadir ,&nbsp;Zainab Mat Yudin ,&nbsp;Norhayati Mohd Noor ,&nbsp;Wan Muhamad Amir Wan Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Assessing and understanding pregnant women's knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19 infection and its implications for pregnancy is critical for meeting their specific needs. However, currently, there is a lack of validated questionnaires to assess this issue. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the Knowledge and Attitude on the effect of COVID-19 Infection on Pregnancy (KACIP) Questionnaire Among pregnant women in Malaysia.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>KACIP was developed using the Health Belief Model (HBM), extensive literature review and expert judgement. The questionnaire underwent a sequential validation process, content validation, face validation, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and internal consistency reliability-based Cronbach's alpha statistic. For the construct validation, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The final KACIP consisted of two sections; Knowledge and Attitude on COVID-19 infection effect on pregnancy. The Knowledge section comprises three domains (13 items) and the Attitude section has two domains (9 items). Preliminary KACIP demonstrated a high item Content Validity Index and Face Validity Index. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin values for the Knowledge and Attitude sections were 0.785 and 0.783 respectively and had a significant p-value of &lt;0.001 for Bartlett's test of sphericity. Factor analysis showed that KACIP had adequate psychometric properties with acceptable factor loadings and Cronbach alpha values.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This validation and reliability study showed that KACIP is a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess the Knowledge and attitude towards the impact of the COVID-19 infection on pregnancy among pregnant women in Malaysia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002380/pdfft?md5=2d5b7f1452be950f730544c545c255cc&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002380-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood eosinophil count (BEC) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) for steroid stewardship in chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD): A systematic review","authors":"Aditi Dhawan ,&nbsp;Shruti Ayyalasomayajula ,&nbsp;Mohammed Salim Karattuthodi ,&nbsp;Mohan K. Manu ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hisham ,&nbsp;Javedh Shareef ,&nbsp;Sathvik B. Sridhar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) was estimated to be the sixth leading cause of death in 2019, and second most common cause of non-communicable disease-related deaths in India. Systemic or inhaled corticosteroid use must be assessed against any known toxicities risk to determine potential benefits. Thus, there should be a system to streamline the utilization of corticosteroids in COPD patients.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To highlight the potential of clinical markers in promoting steroid stewardship. Additionally this study also emphasizes the need to identify more clinical markers that could determine steroid efficacy and help in tailoring the therapy for patients with COPD.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Two independent researchers conducted a systematic review to recognize the markers affecting COPD therapy. A literature search was conducted using a thorough search strategy, including search terms “COPD,” “corticosteroids,” “biomarkers,” and related MeSH terms to recruit all relevant literature between 2007 and 2023. In total, 919 PubMed, Embase, and Scopus articles were screened, and 16 were finalized.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After thoroughly screening articles, two biomarkers were identified from the review. The majority (n = 13) stated that blood eosinophil count (BEC) could impact steroid therapy in COPD patients, further strengthened by the latest Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) is another component captured from (n = 3) studies presenting its benefit in directing corticosteroid therapy in COPD patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study showed that with an understanding of patient history, using BEC and FENO to determine steroid therapy in COPD could benefit. Although more studies are required, it is believed these markers can individualize steroid therapy, leading to better patient care and shaping the core of the steroid stewardship program.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221339842400232X/pdfft?md5=21379d4656973e411086af0458926098&pid=1-s2.0-S221339842400232X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The phenotypes of double burden of malnutrition in pairs of mothers and their children aged 0–59 months at a rural district in west region, Cameroon: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo ,&nbsp;Boris Ronald Tonou Tchuente ,&nbsp;Dany Joël Ngassa Ngoumen ,&nbsp;Hippolyte Tene Mouafo ,&nbsp;Ruth Edwige Kemadjou Dibacto ,&nbsp;Grace Cynthia De Wandji Fandio ,&nbsp;Vigny Ndomo Tsamo","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In most of the sub-Saharan African countries, there is a lack of epidemiological data on maternal obesity and child undernutrition. The present study aims to determine the prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among mother–child pairs in a rural locality of Cameroon, and understand the main associated factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Health Districts of the locality of Dschang in the West region of Cameroon between June 2021 to November 2021. Data were collected from 200 under-five children of both sexes using a questionnaire that was administered to consented children's mothers/guardians. Malnutrition in children was assessed by WHO growth standards. Logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with different coexisting forms of malnutrition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of DBM phenotypes was 2.7 % for mother overweight/obese-child wasted, 7.7 % for mother overweight/obese-child underweight, and 16.5 % for mother overweight/obese-child stunted. The results from logistic regression analyses showed a great risk of the phenotype mother overweight/obese-child stunted in younger mothers (OR = 3.45; 95 % CI: 1.23–9.69), as was the case in mothers with a low socio-economic level (OR = 3.55; 95 % CI: 1.22–10.33). Additionally, low maternal education level (OR = 16.80; 95 % CI: 1.78–158.58) and limited maternal food consumption (OR = 10.43; 95 % CI: 1.10–98.35) increased the risk of presenting the phenotype of mother overweight/obese-child wasted.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrated the evidence of DBM among mother-child pairs in rural areas. Further studies are thus needed in other rural localities of the country to better understand the DBM and to develop innovative policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002392/pdfft?md5=4c1255132d23c4657dc7033f6924a3cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002392-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in unvaccinated adults within a semi-urban population of South India: A qualitative investigation","authors":"Dipu T. Sathyapalan ,&nbsp;Sivapriya G. Nair ,&nbsp;Preetha Prasanna ,&nbsp;Appukuttan A ,&nbsp;Geethu Sathyan ,&nbsp;Hima Joy ,&nbsp;Rehana C. Mukundan ,&nbsp;Kiran G. Kulirankal ,&nbsp;Merlin Moni ,&nbsp;Vrinda Nampoothiri","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite broad COVID-19 vaccination coverage in India, hesitancy persists, limiting the achievement of 100 % vaccination coverage across the country to prevent the ongoing transmission of the infection. We explored the key drivers of vaccine hesitancy among unvaccinated adults in semi-urban regions of Kerala, India.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>ology: Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted from April to May 2022, using purposive sampling to enroll participants with the help of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers. Participation in the interviews was voluntary and was conducted at the participant's residence at a time convenient for the participants. Audio files of the interviews were transcribed verbatim, and the anonymized data underwent a multistage thematic analysis using the constant comparative method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In our study with 35 unvaccinated individuals were interviewed. Identified factors for vaccine hesitancy were categorized into different themes: individual factors (35 %), vaccine-related factors (33.33 %), and social/environmental factors (31.67 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Targeted communication strategies and behavioural change interventions need be employed to mitigate major drivers of vaccine hesitancy. Addressing vaccine hesitancy requires multifaceted strategies including community engagement, collaboration with alternative medical systems, healthcare worker education, prioritizing vulnerable populations, and transparent communication about vaccine safety and adverse events. Implementing these measures will help overcome barriers and enhance vaccine coverage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002355/pdfft?md5=c80bff7f2f4735535d97556f3a12a714&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002355-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) in a coastal city Mangaluru, Karnataka","authors":"Pawan Kumar B.,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Rao,&nbsp;Lavannya Mary Thayil,&nbsp;Nanjesh Kumar S,&nbsp;Saniya Rafeek","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>STI (Sexually Transmitted Infections) is common among ‘high-risk groups’ in India, a term used by the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) which includes men who have sex with men (MSM) and others. Sexual transmission of HIV, most prominent STI between men could be a major cause for concern in most parts of India. HIV infection among MSM has been increasing in recent years round the world, particularly in Asia.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>1. To determine the sociodemographic characteristics of men who have sex with men. 2. To estimate the magnitude of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in men who have sex with men.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross sectional study was carried out using structured, pretested questionnaire at Hind Kusht Nivaran Sangh, Mangaluru. Face to face interviews of the selected participants was done and data were recorded after obtaining their consent.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 102 MSM were interviewed and the data was collected. The common presenting symptoms were pain while urinating (33.33 %) and least common was bleeding while defecating (1.9 %). The most common morbidity of study population was urinary tract infection (38.23 %) and proctitis (25.4 %) and 3.92 % subjects had HIV/AIDS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Health sector should include safe access to information and education about HIV and other STIs, condoms, water-based lubricants, HIV testing and counselling, and STI services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002331/pdfft?md5=744d298be12b48ff1a6accd0c6e4e584&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002331-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of self-management and social support with quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study from Kerala, India","authors":"Shewta Ramesh ,&nbsp;Chitra Tomy ,&nbsp;Rajesh R Nair ,&nbsp;Jeby Jose Olickal ,&nbsp;Joseph K Joseph ,&nbsp;Kavumpurath Raman Thankappan","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that impacts the quality of life (QOL) of individuals worldwide. However, the role of self-management and social support among CKD patients on their QOL remains understudied in India. Therefore, this study aims to find the correlation of self-management and social support on the QOL of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This hospital-based cross-sectional study involved 110 adult CKD patients (mean (SD) age of 56 (±13.9) years, 73 % men) undergoing hemodialysis in two tertiary care hospitals in Ernakulam district. Face-to-face interviews with questionnaires, including World Health Organisation Quality of Life- Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Medical Outcome Survey – Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), and Hemodialysis Self-Management Instrument-18 (HDSMI-18) were used. Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analysis were done to find the correlation between self-management and social support with QOL.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The mean (SD) QOL score was 56.27 (11.62), with the environment domain rating highest [62.47 (14.02)] and social relations lowest [52.12 (18.52)]. Mean (SD) self-management score was 41.12 (5.66) and mean (SD) social support score was 65.28 (18.21). Self-management (r = 0.382, p = 0.001) and social support (r = 0.309, p = 0.001) showed a moderate positive correlation with QOL.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Self-management and social support were moderately correlated with QOL. Strengthening self-management programs and social support networks are likely to improve the QOL of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002276/pdfft?md5=ec1012928f82fff15e064e8cd6542626&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002276-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projections of dentistry workforce up to 2040 in Kurdistan Region, Iraq","authors":"Ranjdar Mahmood Talabani ,&nbsp;Hadi Mohmmad Ismail ,&nbsp;Sarhang Sarwat Gul","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Planning of the dental workforce, especially the number of dentists, requires the data of exact dental workloads. This study aims to project the dental workforce from 2020 to 2040, based on a survey of the actual workload of 4060 dentists in 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In 2022, a database of 4060 current dentists obtained from the archive of Kurdistan Dental Association, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Descriptive analysis of workforce projection and densities per 100,000 population from 2020 to 2040 was performed, and perceived workforce challenges/possible solutions were calculated. Linear regression modeling based on the Human Development Index (HDI), age of graduate dentists, and dental college data was used to predict dentist density.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The dentist-to-population ratio (dentists per 100,000 people) was 63.22 in 2022. The supply of dentists was 800 per year from 8 dentistry colleges from 2027 to 2040, and is expected to increase for the next 15 years. Because of lower (steady) population growth estimates for KRI and higher numbers of graduates from the dentistry colleges, it is estimated that the dentist-to-population ratio will increase to 1065 by the year 2040.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>An oversupply of dentists and steady population growth will result in a surplus of dentists. This research highlights the fact that there is an urgent need for an organized national human resource planning system to control the supply and demand for dental manpower, to ensure a uniform distribution of manpower and provide future directions to policy makers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002343/pdfft?md5=6ca2ba6cebc6347335719535ca36ffdf&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002343-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}