Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Development of dynamic pupillometry apparatus to quantify pupil light reflex for assessment of autonomic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"A.V Siva kumar ,&nbsp;R Padmavathi ,&nbsp;Mahadevan Shriraam ,&nbsp;K.N Maruthy ,&nbsp;K Mahesh Kumar ,&nbsp;B Sowjanya","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease leading to various microvascular and macrovascular complications. Autonomic dysfunction is one of the early-onset complications of diabetes which goes undetected. The quantitative Pupillary light reflex (PLR) is a sensitive indicator of autonomic failure, which helps to identify these high-risk patients to reduce morbidity, mortality, and economic burden on diabetic care.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To record and determine altered pupil light reflex variables for evaluating autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><div>The study was conducted during 2018–2020. 400 participants were recruited, divided into the diabetic group (n = 200), and healthy volunteer group (n = 200). All participants were evaluated for autonomic status evaluation using Pupillary light reflex and Heart rate variability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All PLR variables are highly significant between the diabetic and healthy volunteer participants including parasympathetic variables (R.L, ACA, MPD, and MCV), sympathetic variables BPD, ADA, RPD, and MDV). All the HRV parameters were within the range of normative data from the Taskforce (1996). The RMSSD, NN50, and pNN50 % significantly differed between the two groups, whereas all frequency domain parameters showed statistically similar results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Autonomic dysfunction in diabetic patients evaluated by PLR, especially parasympathetic dysfunction was detected, which delays the constriction phase and its variables. It is also evidenced by reduced SDNN, RMSSD, and NN50. However, the frequency domain has not shown any variation between the two groups. Thus, the evaluation of PLR aids in the early detection of autonomic dysfunction and the extent of parasympathetic and sympathetic contribution to inadequate PLR response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What happened to the distribution of the blood pressure and random blood glucose of the Indian adult population between 2015 and 2021?","authors":"Vignesh Loganathan,&nbsp;Ismail Zabiulla Rifai,&nbsp;Sitanshu Sekhar Kar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the change in mean and shape of the distributions of blood pressure (BP) and random blood glucose (RBG) of adults aged 15–49 between two consecutive rounds of the National Family Health Survey in India.</div></div><div><h3>Study design and methods</h3><div>We analyzed the data of adults aged 15–49 from the household datasets of NFHS 4 (2015–16) and 5 (2019–21). Both surveys used identical two-stage sampling and methodology. Three BP readings with 5-min intervals using a digital sphygmomanometer and FreeStyle Optium H (NFHS-4) or Accu-Chek Performa glucometer (NFHS-5) were used for RBG testing. Descriptive statistics and absolute change for BP and RBG were estimated, and mean-difference plots (m-d plots) were used to compare the distributions in the two surveys.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed data of 1,207,535 and 767,454 adults aged 15–49 years for blood pressure and 1,295,357 and 799,833 for the glucose distribution from NFHS 5 and NFHS 4, respectively. The mean increase between the two surveys in SBP, DBP and RBG was 4.23 mmHg (95 % C.I. 4.20–4.28), 1.95 mmHg (95 % C.I. 1.92–1.98), and 7.43 mg/dL (95 % C.I. 7.35–7.51), respectively. The m-d plots showed a rightward shift in the distribution of SBP, DBP, and RBG in NFHS 5 compared to NFHS 4.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The increasing trend of mean blood pressure and blood glucose and the rightward shift of the blood pressure and blood glucose distributions calls for prioritizing the national and state-level strategies for preventing NCDs, with increased focus on implementing population-level interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101834"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of sonographic score and Bishop score in the prediction of successful labor induction in term patients: A prospective observational study","authors":"Udhaya Preethi R,&nbsp;Saswati Tripathy","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The cervical favorability for IOL is assessed by scoring systems. There are various scoring systems, including the Field system, Lange pelvic scoring system, and Bishop scoring system, which was then modified and termed ‘The modified Bishop scoring system, and it is the most widely used one. This scoring is done based on the assessment of the station of the fetal presenting part, consistency, position, dilatation, and length of the maternal cervix. Owing to its subjective assessment, there is a high chance of inter-observer variability. Therefore, radiological methods such as <em>Trans</em>-vaginal ultrasonogram (TVS) and <em>Trans</em>-abdominal ultrasonogram (TAS) are preferred over manual methods. This study aims to determine the role of assessment of the cervix by Modified Bishop Score and assessment of the cervical parameters by Transvaginal ultrasonogram (TVS) and compare them in predicting the outcome of labour.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This prospective observational study was conducted by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in a tertiary care hospital located at Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, in a term singleton pregnancy woman, and the Study period was from January 2023 to July 2023 for six months. In total, one hundred fifty pregnant women were recruited. The study inclusion criteria were singleton pregnant women with intact amniotic membranes and a period of gestation &gt;37 weeks with cephalic presentation. The findings of TVS were blinded to the person who measured cervical parameters for the bishop score. IOL done for both favorable and unfavorable cervix according to the guidelines given by FOGSI-ICOG (2018) for IOL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) for the TVS score was 0.705(95 % CI: 0.616–0.794) against the standard bishop score. TVS Score≥6.5 cm is the best cut-off value to ascertain successful IOL with a sensitivity of 99 % and specificity of 94 % among singleton pregnancy women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This prospective observational study deduced that TVS scoring is a valid alternative tool against the standard bishop score in predicting cervical favorability for IOL among singleton pregnant women with plausible sensitivity and specificity. TVS scoring for assessing cervical favorability acts as an outstanding marker in predicting the IOL with a cut-off value of ≥6.5 cm in singleton pregnant women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101734"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arabic validation and cross-cultural adaptation of climate anxiety scale","authors":"Shymaa Mamdouh Mohamed Abdu ,&nbsp;Assem Gebreal ,&nbsp;Safar Abadi Alsaleem ,&nbsp;Moath S. Aljohani ,&nbsp;Suzan Abdel-Rahman ,&nbsp;Mohamed Fakhry Hussein ,&nbsp;Nada Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Iffat Elbarazi ,&nbsp;Samah Hussein ,&nbsp;Omar Shamma ,&nbsp;Ahmed Elsayed said Noureldin ,&nbsp;Ramy Mohamed Ghazy","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Climate change is an enduring global phenomenon that describes a long-lasting effect of change in weather and temperature of the earth. This study aimed to validate an Arabic version of the Climate Anxiety Scale (ACAS) to assess the anxiety associated with climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted using both online via Google Forms and face-to-face via hard copies, in five Arab countries, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt, Saudia Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates). The internal consistency of the scale was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) conducted over principal component analysis assessed the scale dimensionality. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to investigate the EFA hypothesis of ACAS on anxiety about climate change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 350 participants, 54.9 % were female, 77.7% lived in urban areas, 15.4% were from North Africa, 46.6 % were from Arab Gulf countries, and 38.0 % were from Bilad Al-Sham. Nearly two-thirds (62.3%) were single, 72.3% had a university degree, 94.9% were aware of climate change, 38.3 % participated in environmental protection programs, and 62.3% reported climate-related anxiety. The item content validity index (CVI) was 0.82–1.00, and the scale CVI (S-CVI) was 0.95. Overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.925 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.902–0.940]. The Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) test was 0.93, and Bartlett's test was significant (χ2 = 2762.6 p &lt; 0.001). Bifactor model indices showed high explained common variance (ECV) (0.78), ωH (0.85), relative omega (0.91), H index (0.93), and factor determinacy (FD) (0.96) for the general factor. The general factor explained 78% of the common variance, whereas the group factors shared 22.0%. Model reliability coefficient omega (omega/omega S) for general factor, functional domain, and cognitive domain were 0.94, 0.92, and 0.89, respectively, suggesting a satisfactory fit threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The ACAS tool is valid and reliable for assessing anxiety-related climate change among the Arab Population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the mothers admitted for childbirth in a tertiary care hospital satisfied with the health care services? A mixed methods study from Mangaluru, Karnataka state, India","authors":"S. Vineetha ,&nbsp;Mubeena Haleema ,&nbsp;Abhay S. Nirgude","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Patient Satisfaction is the strongest determinant of hospital functioning and is an indirect or proxy indicator of the quality of doctor.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The study aims to assess maternal satisfaction with healthcare services during childbirth during hospital stay, explore factors influencing satisfaction, and assess the perceptions of both mothers and their bystanders regarding the healthcare services provided.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and material</h3><div>It is a sequential explanatory mixed method study conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department in a tertiary college hospital among 291 pregnant women admitted for childbirth. Quantitative data obtained using expert validated questionnaire was entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 23. Descriptive statistics were reported as median (IQR) for continuous variables and as frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Normality was tested using Shapiro Wilk test and to test significant difference in satisfaction scores across the variables Mann Whitney <em>U</em> test was used. For the qualitative phase, in-depth interview was conducted to explore factors determining patient satisfaction in healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Quantitative results showed that mothers were satisfied with the admission process, support given during breastfeeding, immunization and vaccination, health education and very satisfied with the privacy, doctors and nursing services, overall cleanliness. Qualitative results revealed the admission process was time consuming, overall cleanliness was poor, guidance on breast feeding and immunization and service provided by doctors and nurses are good.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study concluded that while mothers were generally satisfied with healthcare services, particularly with support during breastfeeding, immunization, and doctor and nursing services, there were concerns about the admission process and overall cleanliness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azithromycin use before and during the COVID- 19 pandemic and the impact of implementing national evidence-based guidelines in Qatar","authors":"Adeel A. Butt ,&nbsp;Sherin Shams ,&nbsp;Hanaa Nafady-Hego ,&nbsp;Zain Bhutta ,&nbsp;Atika Jabeen ,&nbsp;Aimon B. Malik ,&nbsp;Anil G. Thomas ,&nbsp;Samah Saleem ,&nbsp;Aftab M. Azad ,&nbsp;Muna Almaslamani ,&nbsp;Abdullatif Alkhal ,&nbsp;Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Initial small, uncontrolled studies suggested a beneficial effect of azithromycin in individuals with COVID-19. However, subsequent studies have not confirmed its effectiveness. We assessed azithromycin usage before and during the pandemic in a national healthcare system in Qatar and the impact of implementation of evidence-based guidelines upon prescription rates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using electronic medical records, we retrieved all azithromycin prescriptions from 2019 to 2022 at the public healthcare system in Qatar which provides over 85 % of healthcare in Qatar. Azithromycin prescription numbers and rates/100,000 population were calculated and compared over time. A course was defined as any azithromycin prescription for ≥5 days with no gap of &gt;10 days. Courses were considered COVID-19-related if prescribed −3 to +10 days post positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR. Prescription rates before and after the pandemic, and before and after evidence-based guidelines implementation (in June 2020) were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the study period, 203,806 azithromycin courses were prescribed to 166,062 individuals. Overall number of courses increased in the first 2 quarters of 2020 (average 12,857/quarter in 2019 to average of 19,297 in Q1-Q2 of 2020) and then dropped to 9881/quarter over the next 6 quarters. COVID-19 related azithromycin courses peaked in.</div><div>2020-Q2 (13,691) and dropped to 2836 for 2020-Q3, 1410 for 2020-Q4; 5465 for 2021-Q1, and 4288 for 2021-Q2. Stringent COVID-19 guidelines in June 2020 rapidly reduced azithromycin usage.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Azithromycin prescriptions increased immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic, but rapidly declined immediately after implementing evidence-based guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis among hypereosinophilic patients seeking care at diagnostic centers in Tehran, Iran","authors":"Zohre Fakhrieh- Kashan ,&nbsp;Eshrat Beigom Kia ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Dabaghi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Sari ,&nbsp;Enayat Darabi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hypereosinophilia is characterized by an increase in eosinophil levels above the normal range. Secondary hypereosinophilia is frequently seen in helminth infections and allergic conditions. If not diagnosed and managed promptly, eosinophilia can result in various complications impacting health. The aim of this study was to explore the seroprevalence of <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> and <em>Toxocara</em> spp. among hypereosinophilic patients undergoing evaluation at selected diagnostic centers in Tehran<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive questionnaire was completed, and a blood sample was collected from each participant. The seropositivity of helminth infections was ascertained through indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing commercially procured kits for discerning anti-<em>S. stercoralis</em> and anti-<em>Toxocara</em> spp. IgG antibodies. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 135 participants in this study, 61 (45.2 %) were male and 74 (54.8 %) were female. The seropositivity rates for strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis were found to be 9.6 % and 0.74 %, respectively. Among the various underlying medical conditions observed in the participants, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) was the most prevalent, and it showed a significant association with seropositivity for strongyloidiasis (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The seropositivity for <em>S. stercoralis</em> was higher than that for <em>Toxocara</em> spp.. The significant association between seropositivity for <em>S. stercoralis</em> and diabetes underscores the importance of conducting community-based studies and implementing screening initiatives targeting high-risk populations to assess the seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of malignant neoplasms and organizational aspects of cancer care in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Bekzat M. Turmakhanbetov ,&nbsp;Gulnara Zh Tokmurzieva ,&nbsp;Zakira A. Kerimbaeva ,&nbsp;Reeti Debnath ,&nbsp;Maral G. Nogaeva ,&nbsp;Roza Ongalova ,&nbsp;Aigul Tazhiyeva","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the incidence and mortality rates of malignant neoplasms in Kazakhstan in 2022 and to analyze the organizational aspects of cancer care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 33,177 patients with malignant neoplasms registered in oncological institutions in 2022 were analyzed. The study focused on treatment completion rates and the distribution of treatment modalities, including surgical, radiation, medicinal, combined, comprehensive, and chemo-radiation therapies. Comparative analysis with international data was conducted to assess the effectiveness and adherence to global oncological standards.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed that 55.2 % of patients completed specialized treatment, with complex treatment being the most common modality (94.3 %). High completion rates were observed in breast cancer (65.9 %) and cervical cancer (68.8 %), reflecting the effectiveness of early detection and multidisciplinary approaches. However, lower completion rates were noted in liver cancer (26.2 %) and leukemia (23.0 %), highlighting the need for improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. Comparative international data indicated similar trends, with countries like the USA, UK, Japan, and Australia demonstrating the effectiveness of multidisciplinary and comprehensive treatment approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in treating malignant neoplasms, with Kazakhstan's practices largely aligning with international standards. Nevertheless, there is a need to enhance early diagnosis and treatment completion rates for specific cancers such as liver cancer and leukemia. Strengthening screening programs, improving access to modern treatments, and integrating international best practices can further improve patient outcomes in Kazakhstan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID among infected students and staff in Chiang Mai university, Chiang Mai, Thailand","authors":"Ekachai Jaiprom ,&nbsp;Parichat Ong-artborirak ,&nbsp;Atchara Sriplakich ,&nbsp;Sineenart Chautrakarn","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although COVID-19 became endemic status in September 2022, studies and monitoring of individuals infected with COVID-19 have revealed that some develop Long COVID. This study aims to describe the prevalence of Long COVID and related factors among COVID-19-infected university students and staff in Thailand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used a retrospective cohort design to investigate Long COVID and its associated factors among university students and staff members who had previously tested positive for COVID-19 and reported their results to the University COVID-19 Reporting system between February 21 and June 30, 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated that the prevalence of Long COVID was 51.9 %. Among them 92.7 % had multiple symptoms. The most common symptoms were fatigue (65.8 %), easy tiredness (59.2 %), and easy tiredness after physical activity (44.7 %). Multiple logistic regression showed that factors associated with Long COVID were female compared to male (aOR = 2.228, 95 % CI = 1.743–2.849), and aged 20–29 years compared to being under 20 years old (aOR = 1.288, 95 % CI = 1.005–1.650). People with comorbidities compared to those without (aOR = 1.503, 95%CI = 1.099–2.056). People with the highest severity compared to those with mild severity (aOR = 2.041, 95%CI = 1.380–3.018), as well as those infected with Covid-19 twice or more compared to those infected once (aOR = 2.014, 95%CI = 1.346–3.012).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Long COVID symptoms should be closely monitored, particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions and those who experienced severe symptoms during their COVID-19 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence trends of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children in the United States from 2000 to 2020","authors":"Seyed Ehsan Mousavi ,&nbsp;Kimia Motlagh Asghari ,&nbsp;Armin Aslani ,&nbsp;Farzin Tahmasbi Arashlow ,&nbsp;Zahra Yekta ,&nbsp;Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) originates from the lymphoid tissues with a great morbidity and economic burden. It accounts for about 5 % of cancers in the United States (US) in 2024. We aimed to report the incidence trend of pediatric NHL in the US over 2000–2020, by age, sex, and subtype.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Cases were categorized using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology version 3. We reported age-standariszed incidence rates (ASIRs) and average annual percent changes (AAPC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2000 to 2019, there were 38,098 reported cases of pediatric NHL, with B-cell NHL being the most common subtype (84.31 %). Most cases were observed in non-Hispanic Whites (46.71 %) and children aged ≤4 years (37.26 %). The ASIR per 100,000 population was 5.47 (5.40–5.54) for males and 3.95 (3.89–4.01) for females. Over the study period, both sexes showed significant increases in ASIRs (AAPCs of 0.93 % for males and 0.51 % for females). However, no significant changes were observed in the ASIRs of pediatric NHL across all races and both sexes after the COVID-19 pandemic (percent change: 1.30 % [-5.10, 7.70]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While overall incidence rates remained stable, significant demographic variations were evident, including increases among Hispanic males and decreases among NHB females. There is a need for targeted interventions to address demographic disparities and the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors influencing NHL ASIRs in pediatric populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}