Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Reevaluating factors in global Universal Health Coverage implementation pre-COVID-19","authors":"Rahayu Lubis ,&nbsp;Fauzi Budi Satria ,&nbsp;Santi Martini ,&nbsp;Harnavi Harun ,&nbsp;Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki ,&nbsp;Surya Utama ,&nbsp;Juanita","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Universal Health Coverage (UHC) strives to ensure equitable access to high-quality healthcare services for all. Despite this goal, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant healthcare shortages worldwide. This study reevaluates key determinants of UHC implementation on a global scale before the pandemic, offering insights to shape strategies for achieving UHC by 2030 in light of current circumstances.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This ecological study analyzed data from 178 countries. UHC implementation was assessed using two indicators: Health Service Coverage (HSC) and Financial Protection (FP). Independent variables, including the Human Development Index (HDI), Health Worker Density (HWD), and Governance Effectiveness (GE), were proposed based on the Systemic Rapid Assessment Toolkit (SYSRA) framework. Data from 2000 to 2019 were sourced from open databases. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.3.1, with a significance level of p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Countries with higher HDI exhibited significantly better HSC (p &lt; 0.05) and FP (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, HDI emerged as the primary contributor to HSC (accuracy = 0.77, Kappa = 0.64), while HSC played a central role in determining FP (accuracy = 0.61, Kappa = 0.21). Governance Effectiveness (GE) also significantly influenced FP in addition to HSC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rather than solely focusing on building healthcare infrastructure and expanding the healthcare workforce, balancing progress in both development and governance is a promising approach for countries striving to attain UHC by 2030.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutralizing antibody titers after COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Safoora Shirani Shams Abadi,&nbsp;Laleh Hoveida,&nbsp;Nafiseh Sadat Naghavi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monitoring COVID-19 and evaluating the effectiveness of prevention and control strategies are considered critical priorities in public health. As a result, the administration of COVID-19 vaccines has been widely approved around the world. In the current study, we investigated the level of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody (NAb) among individuals who received different COVID-19 vaccines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study recorded demographical data and clinical characteristics of 168 individuals who received COVID-19 vaccines from 2021 to 2022. Vaccination data of participants, including type and times of vaccine and any complications and symptoms after vaccination, were also recorded. SARS-CoV-2 NAb level was assessed by performing an ELISA test, and all data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The significant level was set at 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the participants was 40.4 ± 16 years, and 109 were females. About 18.4 % of participants had the underlying diseases, of which thyroid diseases were the most frequent. The mean SARS-CoV-2 NAb level was 31.6 ± 39.78 ng/ml. Sinopharm was the common vaccine in our population, and AstraZeneca represented a high level of Nab 47.18 ng/ml. Among the participants, 96 had mild to severe complications after vaccination, with the most complaining of arm pain. Significant differences of NAb levele were observed only between types of vaccine and gender (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Due to our findings, all employed vaccines demonstrated efficacy in generating NAb. The levels of Nab were different among genders, age groups, and different types of vaccine receivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for chronic kidney disease in the community: A decade of outreach in Kenya","authors":"Samuel K. Kabinga ,&nbsp;Seth O. McLigeyo ,&nbsp;Ahmed Twahir ,&nbsp;John N. Ndungu ,&nbsp;Nancy N. Wangombe ,&nbsp;Diviner K. Nyarera ,&nbsp;Grace W. Ngaruiya ,&nbsp;Reuben K. Chege ,&nbsp;Philip S. Ochieng ,&nbsp;McDonald O. Ogutu ,&nbsp;George M. Moturi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem Considered</h3><div>Burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally. We present chart analysis of data obtained during community screening for kidney disease between 2011-2021 in various parts of Kenya with objectives to document and stratify risks for kidney disease in the community.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a descriptive analysis charts. Age, sex, individuals’ data on smoking, diabetes, hypertension, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), random blood sugar (RBS), dipstick urinalysis, as well as family history of CKD, hypertension and diabetes were analysed. Continuous variables had mean, standard deviation (SD), median and interquartile range (IQR) while frequencies for categorical variables were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>About 10,675 individuals were analysed. Median age was 41 years (25 – 53). Females were 6,092(57.1%). Known hypertensive, diabetic and smokers were 2,028(19.0%), 881(8.3%) and 523(4.9%) respectively. Family history of hypertension, diabetes and CKD was reported by 3,810(35.7%), 2,751(25.8%) and 978(9.2%) respectively. In 10,121(94.8%) RBS was tested. About 470(4.6%) had RBS &lt; 4.0 mmol/L, 9,298(91.9%) 4.0-11.0 mmol/L while 368(3.6%) was &gt; 11.0 mmol/L. Incidental hyperglycemia was in129 (1.2%). Median SBP and DBP was 128 mmHg (116-143) and 78 mmHg (70 – 87) respectively. Mean BMI was 25.96±5.27 kg/m2. Subgroups with diabetes and hypertension had higher mean age, SBP, DBP and RBS, family history of hypertension, diabetes and CKD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Burden of risks for CKD in the community high. Blood sugar and blood pressure controls were suboptimal. There was concordance in the findings of hypotensive, diabetic and family history of similar conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional analysis and stage-specific incidence of breast cancer in Kazakhstan: A comprehensive study","authors":"Nurbek Igissin ,&nbsp;Assem Toguzbayeva ,&nbsp;Zhansaya Telmanova ,&nbsp;Gulnur Igissinova ,&nbsp;Dulat Turebayev ,&nbsp;Dariyana Kulmirzayeva ,&nbsp;Nariman Syzdykov ,&nbsp;Rustem Moldagali ,&nbsp;Daulet Baibosynov ,&nbsp;Zarina Bilyalova","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Breast cancer is the most prevalent oncological pathology in Kazakhstan, ranking among the top three causes of cancer-related deaths in women. The objective of this study is to analyze the incidence of breast cancer, considering factors such as stage, age, sex, and morphological verification in the regional context in Kazakhstan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The retrospective study employed descriptive and analytical oncoepidemiological methods. Breast cancer incidence data (2005–2019) were obtained from the Unified Nationwide Electronic Health System (ICD-10 code C50). Demographic data came from the Bureau of National Statistics. Statistical analyses included age-standardized, crude, and age-specific incidence rates, with trend analyses performed using linear regression and the Joinpoint Regression Program to assess average percentage change over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis of breast cancer incidence in Kazakhstan shows significant regional variations and an overall upward trend. Nationally, the age-standardized incidence rate is 40.9 per 100,000, with an annual increase of +1.96 %. Early-stage (I-II) breast cancer incidence is rising, particularly in Pavlodar, North Kazakhstan, and Almaty City. In contrast, advanced-stage (III-IV) incidence has generally declined, except in regions like Kostanay, North Kazakhstan, and Atyrau, where late-stage cases are increasing. High morphological verification rates across all regions ensure reliable and accurate diagnostic data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study reveals a significant increase in early-stage breast cancer diagnoses in Kazakhstan, highlighting the effectiveness of the national screening program. However, regional disparities in late-stage cancer incidence suggest a need for targeted interventions and improved regional healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational intervention to raise awareness and foster responsibility for Chagas disease risk factors in the rural community of Texca, Guerrero, Mexico.”","authors":"Alejandra Gabriela Bárcenas-Irabién ,&nbsp;María Laura Sampedro-Rosas ,&nbsp;Mariana C. De Alba-Alvarado ,&nbsp;Margarita Cabrera-Bravo ,&nbsp;Paz María Silvia Salazar-Schettino ,&nbsp;Alexis Javier Garzón-Espinosa ,&nbsp;Elia Torres-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Martha Irene Bucio-Torres","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Problem considered</h3><div>Chagas disease is a vector-borne parasitic infection considered of public health importance. For farmers and residents of endemic areas, vectors are part of their day to day life and they often lack awareness of their infectious potential, so the risk they pose is not a main concern in their lives. So far, existing measures set in place to eradicate the vector have not been effective long-term.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, a one-year program was designed and implemented to inform and assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of 81 parents or heads of household regarding the risk of transmission and prevention of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> infection. The program aimed to raise awareness of the crucial role they play in the prevention and control of vectors associated with Chagas disease<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After educational interventions, a notable increase in the percentage of knowledge regarding the parasite, transmission factors, and Chagas disease was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This might suggest that properly implementing educational interventions within the population, with training from health professionals and through public programs, will allow for the reduction of infection risks. In the long term, it could significantly reduce the incidence of the disease in the region and state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“A study on socio-demographic-based knowledge and awareness for cervical cancer among women from Uttar Pradesh, India”","authors":"Shireen Masood ,&nbsp;Atar Singh Kushwah ,&nbsp;Anshika Yadav ,&nbsp;Paramjeet Singh ,&nbsp;Kirti Srivastava ,&nbsp;Monisha Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cervical cancer has led to unprecedented mortality in developing countries, including India. Socio-demographic factors are known to influence knowledge of cervical cancer, screening practices, and HPV vaccination. This study aims to assess cervical cancer awareness and vaccination willingness among women in Uttar Pradesh, India, and identify key socio-demographic determinants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A clinical and community-based survey in northern India was conducted with a total of 666 women of ≥20 years of age. The survey, developed and verified through expert consultation and pilot testing, covered socio-demographics, cervical cancer knowledge, symptoms, HPV awareness, and vaccine attitudes. Online, offline, and targeted outreach distributed the questionnaire randomly to the general public. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16.0 descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation, and chi-square testing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 666 participants involved in this survey, 516 women (77.5 %) were acquainted with the word “cervical cancer”. Only 235 (45.57 %) of the female participators had sound understanding with regard to cervical cancer symptoms (mean score: 7.7); however, it was less in women dwelling in rural areas (p &lt; 0.05). In less or uneducated women, low-income household women, and rural dwellers, the knowledge regarding HPV-mediated cervical cancer and willingness to get vaccinated against HPV were low (p &lt; 0.05 and p &lt; 0.001, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals critical gaps in cervical cancer awareness and vaccination willingness, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged and rural women. In impoverished areas, targeted public health interventions including information campaigns and affordable HPV vaccines are needed to improve early stage identification and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of feasibility and utility of urinary lipoarabinomannan assay against conventional sputum microscopy in the detection of tuberculosis among people with and without HIV infection","authors":"Chakrapani Chatla ,&nbsp;Neetu Mishra ,&nbsp;Malathi Jojula ,&nbsp;Vijay Nema ,&nbsp;Rajesham Adepu ,&nbsp;Mallikarjun Puttala","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health challenge. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assessment in urine is a potential molecular diagnostic tool for TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We evaluated the feasibility and utility of urinary LAM in detecting TB along with sputum smear microscopy (SSM) and the TrueNAT test. In an observational cross-sectional pilot study, we collected sputum and urine samples from 240 subjects visiting the Designated Microscopy Center, Warangal during Apr-Sep 2021. LED microscopy, TrueNAT and liquid culture were performed on sputum while LAM test was conducted on urine samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean age of the subjects was 45.1 (SD = 16.1) years. The majority were men (66 %), married (89 %) and urban (52 %) subjects. Overall sensitivity of urine LAM was 63.6 % and specificity 80.1 % while that of LED microscopy were 59.6 % and 56.7 % respectively. TrueNAT had sensitivity of 58.6 % and specificity of 80.1 %. However, a combination of LAM + TrueNAT had 79.8 % sensitivity. Among PLHIV, LAM + SSM has better sensitivity than any other combination of these tests or alone across all CD4 count categories.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Urinary LAM can be a more useful, feasible and better TB diagnostic biomarker over LED microscopy in diagnosing TB among the subjects who have symptoms irrespective of HIV status and recommend further evaluation of next-generation urinary LAM diagnostics to reach the unreached through a point of care tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 during 2021–2022 season in Tunisia: Epidemiological and dynamic changes","authors":"Awatef Taktak ,&nbsp;Saba Gargouri ,&nbsp;Amel Chtourou ,&nbsp;Fahmi Smaoui ,&nbsp;Rim Karray ,&nbsp;Noureddine Rekik ,&nbsp;Lamia Feki-Berrajah ,&nbsp;Héla Karray-Hakim","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Changing patterns in community respiratory virus activity were reported in different geographical locations during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of circulating respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, during the season 2021–2022 in Tunisia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively enrolled 328 nasopharyngeal samples received at the Triage Center of Habib Bourguiba Hospital from patients with acute respiratory symptoms during September 2021–May 2022. All samples were screened for both SARS-CoV-2 and common respiratory viruses. This latter detection was performed using end-point multiplex RT-PCRs, Real-Time PCR, and AllplexTM Respiratory Panel 1 kit (Seegene) for Influenza Virus A (IFVA) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) subtyping.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among included patients, at least one viral pathogen was identified in 118 (35.9 %) patients. The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 21.6 %. A low viral coinfection rate was observed (3.3 %). The most prevalent pathogen among non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses was Enterovirus/Rhinovirus (HEV/HRV) (59.6 %) followed by IFVA (15.3 %) and Adenoviruses (ADV) (11.5 %). Only IFVA H3N2 was found to circulate during the study period. A negative virus interaction was eventually induced by SARS-CoV-2, as it was shown by lower levels of activity of non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses (not exceeding 17.7 %) while infections due to pandemic Omicron variants of concern became widespread.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the relative return of community IFVA circulation during the 2021–2022 season in Tunisia. A negative viral interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses is highly suggested, which explains, in addition to the easing of COVID-19 restriction measures, the epidemiological changes in non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental impact on daily life and oral health in alcohol use disorder patients","authors":"Ashwini S. Colaco ,&nbsp;Arun Mayya ,&nbsp;Priyanka Shetty ,&nbsp;Shreemathi S. Mayya","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) are at a higher risk of developing dental problems. The present study assessed the dental impact on daily performances among AUD patients seeking treatment in a de-addiction centre and correlated it with their clinical dental status using the WHO oral health assessment form (2013).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This research took place from January to May 2022. A cross-sectional study was carried out to collect data from 103 subjects among alcohol dependents taking treatment in a de-addiction centre of Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka state. The Dental Impact on Daily Living Questionnaire (DIDL) assessed patients' satisfaction with their teeth, while the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults was used for dental caries (DMFT) and periodontal status. Data analysis was performed using the jamovi open-source software (version 2.3), employing <em>t</em>-test, chi-square test, hierarchical regression analysis, and Spearman correlation coefficient.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found low yet significant correlations between clinical oral health and dimensions of the DIDL scale. Social class and the number of decayed teeth emerged as significant predictors of the total DIDL score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Oral health conditions can adversely affect patient satisfaction, emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to consider these findings when offering comprehensive oral healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>This study underscores the necessity of integrating oral healthcare into the overall treatment regime for individuals with Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) to improve their quality of life and satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of auditory system in vitiligo patients: A case-control study","authors":"Sima Tajik ,&nbsp;Kosar Nazary ,&nbsp;Azar Shirzadian Kebria ,&nbsp;Keyvan Kiakojori","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vitiligo is a common acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by well-defined areas of depigmentation due to loss of melanocytes. Vitiligo can affect melanocytes in the auditory system and potentially hearing.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate hearing changes in vitiligo patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-six with vitiligo patients and 26 demographically matched healthy controls were included in this study. Audiological function was evaluated using pure tone audiometry (PTA), speech audiometry and tympanometry tests in all subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean hearing threshold of the left ear at frequencies of 250 and 8000 Hz in vitiligo patients was significantly higher than the control group. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was seen in 14 (53.8 %) vitiligo patients and 5(19.2 %) control group (p &lt; 0.05). Most affected patients (10/14; 71 %) had bilateral hearing loss especially in high frequency (8000 Hz). A significant association was identified between vitiligo and SNHL (OR 4.9; 95 % CI, 1.41–16.98, P = 0.01). There was a statistically significant correlation between hearing impairment and age in both groups. Gender, severity, activity and duration of vitiligo had no a significant effect on the results of audiometric tests.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study confirmed that the auditory system was affected in vitiligo patients. Vitiligo patients might be at a higher risk for auditory abnormalities at a younger age than control subjects. Auditory evaluation of vitiligo patients should be considered for early detection of hearing loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101830"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}