Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Soil-transmitted helminthes prevalence, intensity, and associated factors among school-aged children in the communities of west Guji Zone, South Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are a major health problem among school-age children in developing countries. Prolonged exposure to STH can lead to reduced physical fitness, stunted growth, anemia, bowel obstruction, and cognitive impairments.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence, intensity, and associated risk factors of soil-transmitted helminths among school-aged children in the west Guji Zone, South Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 614 randomly selected school-aged children in selected districts of the West Guji zone from February to March 2023. A pre-tested questionnaire was used, and samples were examined by wet mount and Kato-Katz techniques. Data entry was analyzed using SPSS. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to identify potential associated factors. P-value&lt;0.05 was declared as statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall prevalence of STH was 32.7 % (95 % CI: 28.4%–35.8 %). <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em> 95 (11.1 %) was the most common identified STH. Most school-age children, 74 %, were infected with a mild intensity of soil-transmitted helminths (STH). The mean egg count for <em>Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura,</em> and hookworms was 4465.4, 563.7, and 958.9, respectively. The study found significant associations with several factors, including washing hands with soap after using the toilet (AOR: 2.8, 95 % CI: 1.8–4.6), trimming fingernails (AOR: 4.6, 95%CI: 2.9–7.1), and the habit of wearing shoes (AOR: 2, 95%CI: 1.4–2.9)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Soil-transmitted helminths infection prevalence is high among school-aged children of the study areas. To prevent and control these infections, comprehensive health education should focus on the importance of hygienic practices, improved sanitation, and regular deworming programs for school-aged children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-care practices and influencing factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A hospital-based cross-sectional study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread non-communicable disease in India that significantly affects the healthcare system owing to its acute and chronic complications. The traditional approach to diabetes care has focused on medical professionals, but recent research has indicated that self-care among patients is crucial. Effective self-care practices can enhance the quality of life of T2DM patients. This study aimed to evaluate self-care practices among T2DM patients at a sub-district hospital in Gujarat State, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 93 T2DM patients. Self-care activities were assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of the participants were male (55.9 %) and over 60 years of age (67.7 %). Participants demonstrated high adherence to medication regimens (mean score = 6.66 ± 0.86). However, adherence to other self-care practices was significantly lower; only 11.8 % reported good dietary behavior, 55.91 % engaged in regular exercise, and 50.5 % performed regular foot care. While 83.8 % reported good monitoring behavior, this contradicts the low adherence to blood glucose testing (mean score = 0.38 ± 0.59). Participants aged &lt;60 years tended to report slightly better adherence to blood glucose testing than those aged ≥60 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed a gap in self-care practices among T2DM patients in Gujarat. Despite good medication adherence, the patients demonstrated poor adherence to diet, exercise, and foot care. These findings emphasize the importance of customized interventions to improve self-management education and support, particularly for older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effects of mental health e-learning on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of allied and healthcare professionals in Senegal","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the widespread prevalence and substantial burden of mental disorders, they remain significantly underdiagnosed and undertreated. In low- and middle-income countries like Senegal, integrating mental health services into primary care represents the most feasible strategy to bridge the treatment gap. This study aimed to assess the effects of a mental health e-learning program on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of allied and healthcare professionals in Senegal.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An e-learning platform including 12 interactive modules was used to train 322 allied and healthcare professionals. We evaluated changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices, as well as in satisfaction with knowledge and in self-assessed ability to diagnose and manage patients, by comparing data collected before and after the e-learning modules. Qualitative feedback on the satisfaction with the various components of the program was also collected via a post-training survey.</div></div><div><h3>Outcomes</h3><div>Knowledge, attitudes and practices scores increased significantly for all modules. Additionally, scores related to satisfaction with knowledge and ability to diagnose and manage patients showed significant improvements (+77.0 % and +75.0 %, respectively), surpassing the gains observed in knowledge, attitudes, and practices scores (+19.2 %, +11.1 % and +15.0 %, respectively). Mean scores regarding participants' satisfaction with the various elements of the program ranged from 8.1 to 9.1, out of a maximum of 10.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although only a limited number of participants completed all 12 modules, the mental health e-learning program showed positive results on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of participants. It also increased their confidence and was perceived as a very positive experience by learners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of the growth indicators of infants born before and during the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Growth disorders pose significant mental and physical health challenges with long-term complications for children. As monitoring children's growth is of paramount importance, in the present study attempts are made to compare growth indicators of infants from birth to 12 months before and during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Material and method</h3><div>The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted using cluster sampling method in 10 comprehensive healthcare centers and on 200 infants in southwest of Iran during 2023. The infants’ health records and growth chart before and during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic served as data collection instruments. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and descriptive and analytical statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Economic hardship, job loss, maternal disease and neonatal acquired disease were found to be significantly higher during the pandemic outbreak compared to the pre-pandemic time. The average weight and BMI of the infants in both groups showed no significant difference from birth to two months old, but the difference was found to be significantly higher from 4 months to 1-year-old among infants born during the pandemic (P-value&lt;0.05). Result this study showed that during the pandemic trend of The age of word articulation by infants was increasing (P-value = 0.022) and at this time 6 cases of missed vaccination were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic can affect the growth and development of infants, and may, in some cases, disrupt the growth and routine vaccination schedule during infancy and breastfeeding, which should be prevented by proper parental training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Occupational Lead Exposure on the Comprehensive Health Status of Gas Cutter Workers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Occupational exposure to hazardous substances, particularly in involving metal cutting and welding industries, poses critical public health concern. This study assesses the health status of gas cutter workers, focusing on Pb exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, 40 participants with BLL ≥ 20 μg/dL were recruited from workers engaged in oxy-acetylene metal cutting. These workers were compared to an age-, sex-, and sociodemographic-matched control group (n=42) from the same workplace. Health assessments including routine clinical and laboratory investigations along with BLL, and markers of calcium homeostasis were carried out.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gas cutters exhibited significantly higher mean systolic BP and elevated SGOT levels, with similar prevalence of respiratory symptoms and musculoskeletal disorders in both groups. No significant differences were found in most hematological, liver, and renal parameters. However, gas cutters had significantly higher PTH levels and lower serum vitamin D levels. Pulmonary function tests indicated significantly reduced FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF25-75%, and PEFR in gas cutters, as well as markedly higher CRP levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Gas cutters experience significant health impacts compared to controls, including elevated systolic BP, impaired pulmonary function, and disturbance in calcium homeostasis due to occupational Pb exposure. Higher CRP levels suggest notable inflammatory responses. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions and regular monitoring to mitigate health risks associated with Pb exposure among gas cutter workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome among patients with cardiovascular disease in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Metabolic syndrome, a frequent precursor to many cardiovascular illnesses, is prevalent in Africa. Currently, research on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among cardiovascular disease patients is limited to diabetic, HIV/AIDS, and psychiatric populations. As a result, there is a lack of systematic evidence on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals with cardiovascular disease in African countries, and there is no realistic picture of the continent’s prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals with cardiovascular disease. This systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among individuals with cardiovascular disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. Systematic electronic searches using databases such as African Journal Online, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Wiley Online Library were performed from March 15 to April 20, 2024, to retrieve all relevant primary articles reporting the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with cardiovascular disease in Africa. The extracted data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA version 11 (STATA Corp., LLC) to estimate the pooled prevalence. Heterogeneity was tested using the <em>Q</em> statistic, and the <em>I</em>² test was used to identify possible inter-study variations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The initial search identified 1804 articles, which were cataloged in citation management software (EndNote X 7). The current meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with cardiovascular disease was 38.96% (95% CI: 30.51–47.42, I² = 73.2%) according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria. The analysis revealed moderate heterogeneity between the included articles. As a result, a random effect model, specifically the Der-Simonian and Laird (D+L) random model, was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with cardiovascular disease.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing at an alarming rate and is high in Africa. Therefore, policymakers, clinicians, and concerned stakeholders should develop effective strategies for the control, prevention, and management of metabolic syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Food frequency questionnaire for dietary intake of iron in pregnancy- A validation study”","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Nutrition in pregnancy plays an important role for wellbeing of mother and fetus, later it further influences the development of child. Iron is one among the most important micronutrients required in pregnancy. There is no validated Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess iron intake in pregnant women. This initiated the process to develop and validate a FFQ to assess dietary intake of Iron in Pregnant women.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Based on the food habits in study region and foods rich in iron, in reference to the standard literature, the FFQ was prepared. FFQ was designed in the following categories-cereal grains and products, pulses &amp; legumes, green leafy vegetables, roots-tuber &amp; other vegetables, nuts &amp; seeds, Fruits, non-veg foods and milk &amp; milk products. Content validity carried out by subject experts. To perform construct validity, 25 Primary health centre and 25 Tertiary care hospital pregnant women were interviewed using this FFQ and 24 h diet recall method. The results of both records were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and construct validity (Pearson correlation) of the questionnaire were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall internal reliability of questionnaire is 0.804, indicating good reliability and showing satisfactory construct validity. Median dietary iron intake from FFQ method was 7.67 mg/day and 24 h dietary recall method was 15.70 mg/day. There was a significant difference between both method in assessing dietary iron intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The FFQ designed in this study is reliable and valid tool to assess dietary iron intake among pregnant women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between health communication on integrated healthcare and primary healthcare visits among rehabilitation outpatients: A multicenter cross-sectional study in China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examines the relationship between health communication on integrated healthcare and primary healthcare visits among rehabilitation outpatients in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multi-stage sampling scheme was used to select the rehabilitation outpatients as study participants. A total of 3415 participants from 21 medical institutions in seven cities in China were included in the final analysis. The measurement included primary healthcare visits, health communication on integrated healthcare, and basic characteristics (age, sex, educational level, marital status, household income, and diagnoses). The association between health communication on integrated healthcare and primary healthcare visits was modeled using logistic regression controlling the general characteristics and disease status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 3415 rehabilitation outpatients, the mean age of participants was 45.3 years (SD:24.9), and more than half (54.0 %) were male. The majority (56.3 %) were diagnosed with orthopaedic disorders. Received information of integrated healthcare from organizational communication (<em>OR</em> = 2.00; 95 % <em>CI</em> = 1.56, 2.56) and interpersonal communication (<em>OR</em> = 6.03; 95 % <em>CI</em> = 2.49, 14.62), patients who had a higher level of knowledge on integrated healthcare (<em>OR</em> = 1.02; 95% <em>CI</em> = 1.00, 1.03), the interaction terms of ‘organizational communication ∗ knowledge’(<em>OR</em> = 0.98; 95 % <em>CI</em> = 0.97, 1.00), and ‘interpersonal communication ∗ knowledge’(<em>OR</em> = 0.92; 95 % <em>CI</em> = 0.87, 0.97) were associated with visiting primary healthcare initially when had an illness the last two weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study indicated that rehabilitation outpatients display a low level of primary healthcare visits, calling for interpersonal-based health communication interventions to be implemented to improve their integrated healthcare knowledge and promote better primary healthcare visits practices in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety and depression among nursing students affected by the 2023 Alhaouz earthquake in Morocco: A comprehensive evaluation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objectives</h3><div>This groundbreaking study marks the initial exploration into the psychological aftermath following the 2023 Alhaouz earthquake. The objective is to scrutinize anxiety and depression among nursing and health technology students in the wake of this seismic event.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To achieve this, demographic data and anxiety/depression scale measures were systematically gathered through a standardized questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>revealed that 29.73 % of students directly felt the impact of the earthquake. Depression was reported by 42.01 % of students, with 84.80 % being female, 59.65 % under 20 years old, and 88.89 % pursuing undergraduate studies. It's worth noting that Mental Health Nurse (MHN) students emerged as the least affected group (RR = 0.3455, p &lt; 0.05). Depression was significantly more prevalent among students with a history of depression (RR = 1.5227, p &lt; 0.05). Within the student population, the earthquake's impact was most pronounced among those who evacuated due to uninhabitable or potentially unsafe homes (63.14 %), experienced property loss (27.17 %), and faced the loss of family members (9.58 %). Anxiety affected 37.59 % of students. Notably, anxiety was statistically associated with students directly affected by the disaster (RR = 1.4836, p = 0.0036), as well as those forcibly evacuated from their homes (RR = 1.7663, p = 0.0001). Furthermore, 39.42 % of individuals expressed a sense of impending fear, while 30.3 % exhibited worry, often accompanied by quiet and inactive behavior (57.8 %), feelings of fear, and a tense stomach (21.7 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>this research underscores the critical importance of monitoring the mental well-being of earthquake survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health for all in India: A vision made possible through integrated Public Health and Community Medicine","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}