Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Association of indoor air pollution and birth weight in rural area: A longitudinal study","authors":"Devi Prasanthi Kandula ,&nbsp;Sulakshana S. Baliga","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exposure to Indoor air pollution (IAP) during pregnancy can cause numerous health conditions in both the mother and new-born. Use of biomass as cooking fuel is a major factor that could lead to IAP, and low birth weight (LBW) is one of the many adverse birth outcomes. This research study measured concentrations of PM_2.5, a hazardous pollutant to determine IAP and its association with LBW.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the association of indoor air pollution and birthweight among pregnant women in a rural area.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>Socio-demographic, household and cooking characteristics of the participants were collected using pretested questionnaire. ANOVA, <em>t</em>-test and Multiple regression analysis done. PM_2.5 concentrations for IAP were measured using an Air Quality monitor.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of LBW in pregnant women exposed to IAP was 24.6 %. There was association of LBW among pregnant women with, history of past adverse birth outcomes [AOR: 1.9176, 95 % CI (1.0147, 4.2349)], dampness in household [AOR: 1.6837, 95 % CI (1.3284, 4.061)] and, household PM_2.5 concentrations exceeding 40 μg/m³ [AOR: 1.0692, 95 % CI: (1.0234, 1.1192)]. Every increase in 10 μg/m³ PM_2.5 concentration showed the odds of increase in low birth weight by a factor of 1.0635.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study concluded that birth weight in new born was affected by maternal exposure to factors causing indoor air pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient satisfaction and perception with tele-emergency services in King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Manar Alomar ,&nbsp;Sara Alrowaydan ,&nbsp;Dana AlDughiman ,&nbsp;Luluh Alali ,&nbsp;Seetah Alsalman ,&nbsp;Majid Alsalamah","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Telemedicine is an increasingly used solution for improving healthcare access, especially in emergencies. In Saudi Arabia, the National Health Information Center (NHIC) has established a telehealth network to connect healthcare facilities, focusing on underserved rural areas. This study aims to investigate patient satisfaction with tele-emergency services at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study design was conducted at (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A convenience sample of 383 patients who used the tele-emergency services between October 2023 and December 2023 were surveyed. The survey used a validated questionnaire to assess demographics and satisfaction with various aspects of the consultation, such as registration, audio quality, communication, and overall patient experience.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study observed high satisfaction and favorable attitude rates among the 383 participants. Time-saving and convenience were noted as advantages. However, underutilization of the video feature and concerns about communication limitations were identified as drawbacks. A statistically significant difference in mean attitude scores was observed, with healthcare professionals displaying lower attitude scores than non-healthcare professionals. Gender, age, and education level did not significantly influence satisfaction or attitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Tele-emergency services at KAMC are generally well-received by patients. Telemedicine has the potential to enhance access to care and patient convenience. Implementing and evaluating tele-emergency services across various tertiary healthcare centers nationwide would provide a broader understanding of patient satisfaction with these services in Saudi Arabia. This would also allow for feedback from diverse populations, leading to more generalizable findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross sectional study regarding the self medication practices and its associated factors among residents of Bhubaneswar city, Odisha","authors":"Amrita Burma ,&nbsp;Om Prakash Panigrahi ,&nbsp;Anshuman Panigrahi ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar ,&nbsp;Anand Patankar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Self-medication, though often perceived as a convenient and cost-effective solution for minor ailments, poses significant public health risks. It can lead to inappropriate drug use, delayed medical consultation, antimicrobial resistance, and adverse drug reactions. This issue is particularly concerning in developing countries like India. The practice is influenced by various socioeconomic and cultural factors. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of self-medication among residents of Bhubaneswar city, Odisha.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 participants residing in Bhubaneswar City, Orissa. The association between self-medication and various influencing factors was analyzed using the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the participants, 79.90 % (n = 314) reported practicing self-medication. Younger individuals (p value = 0.007) and those from the upper and middle socioeconomic strata (p value = 0.01) were significantly associated in self-medication practices. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified key factors positively related to self-medication: access to health insurance benefits (adjusted OR = 5.88), participants’ perceived knowledge about self-medication (adjusted OR = 5.69), and the presence of self-medication practices among family members (adjusted OR = 2.13).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence of self-medication was high in Bhubaneswar, particularly among younger individuals and those with higher socioeconomic status. It is influenced by various factors like individuals' perception about self medications, their perceptions of pharmacists' expertise, and the presence of health insurance. It highlights the need for targeted awareness campaigns to educate the public on the risks of self-medication and promote responsible health-seeking behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of peppermint aroma on physiological parameters of mechanically ventilated patients: Randomized placebo controlled trial","authors":"Azza Abd Elrazek Baraka","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mechanical ventilation increases the stress, anxiety and, the physiological parameters of critically ill patients. Peppermint inhalation reduces the stress and improves physiological parameters in many studies, but none of these studies used peppermint inhalation for mechanically ventilated patients.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the effect of peppermint aroma on physiological parameters of mechanically ventilated patients.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Randomized placebo controlled trial was utilized. This study was conducted at six intensive care units. Conscious patients on mechanical ventilation via endotracheal tube were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group received a peppermint inhalation, and the placebo group received water inhalation. Patients in both groups were assessed for their smell ability by the Sniffin Sticks-test before starting the interventions. CONSORT checklist was used to report the study. A total of 52 patients in the intervention group and 54 patients in the placebo group completed the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pain score was significantly decreased in the intervention group after starting the intervention in comparison to the placebo group. There was a strong positive correlation between Sniffin Sticks-test score and the decrease in pain score after inhalation of peppermint. Inhalation of mechanically ventilated patients to peppermint decreases pain score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Inhalation of peppermint by mechanically ventilated patients decreases pain scores. The effectiveness of peppermint inhalation is correlated to the smell ability of the patients. So, nurses can use peppermint inhalation to decrease pain in mechanically ventilated patients with Sniffin Sticks test score of 17 or more.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>The identification number of the registered trial in the Clinical Trials Online Registry is NCT05541809.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Bangla version of the Vaccination Fear Scale (VFS-6): A dual approach of classical and modern test theory","authors":"Md Hasanuzzaman ,&nbsp;Md Shajadul Islam ,&nbsp;Md Hafizur Rahman ,&nbsp;Fardana Binte Zaman ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al-Adib ,&nbsp;Sayoda Sadia Rahman Sara ,&nbsp;Tahmid Ahmad ,&nbsp;Md Marufur Rahman Seyam ,&nbsp;Md Shafiqul Islam Khan ,&nbsp;Md Bony Amin","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bangladesh has consistently prioritized vaccination to address health issues. While high hesitation continues to be a significant barrier to vaccination success, vaccination fear is a distinct psychological construct that might affect the decision to vaccinate. Despite this, no valid and reliable tool exists to assess vaccination fear in the Bangladesh population.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We aim to validate culturally and adapt the Vaccination Fear Scale (VFS-6) in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1098 participants using a non-random convenient sampling method. A total of 1089 were included in the study (mean age = 34.28 years, SD = 12.78), with the majority being female (55,5 %). Descriptive statistics were carried out to get an overall idea of the dataset, and inferential analysis including exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Rasch statistics, were employed to validate the VFS-6 Bangla version.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The internal consistency of the overall VFS-6 scale was 0.818.I In CFA substantial loadings were observed, ranging from 0.713 to 0.935. The significant correlation between the somatic and cognitive factors of VFS-6 was 0.48, and the correlation with DASS-21 was weak but significant (<strong><em>r</em></strong> = 0.29). CFA indicated a good model fit. Rasch analysis demonstrated good item and person separation reliability (0.82 and 0.80, respectively), with a substantial relationship between scores, ability, and probability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Bangla version of the VFS-6 has proven to be a reliable and valid measure to assess vaccination fear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of appetitive traits among Iraqi population","authors":"Zainab M. Al-Shammaa ,&nbsp;Mohammed I. Aladul ,&nbsp;Narmin S. Essa","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Appetitive traits (ATs) are the possession of an overweight-promoting group of stable tendencies towards food including responsiveness to food stimuli, hunger, and satiety responsiveness which are associated with overeating and weight gain.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess ATs profile of a sample of the Iraqi population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study used a self-administered, web-survey of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire between the 1st and the March 30, 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>1112 subjects participated in this study. Among the measured ATs, the highest median score was for enjoyment of food (22, interquartile range [IQR]: 5), while the lowest was for food fussiness (11, IQR: 4) and slow eating (11, IQR: 6). Two distinct clusters were identified: the food gourmets cluster, which tended to have higher mean scores in food approach traits, and the fuzzy eaters cluster, which had higher mean scores in food avoidance traits. Statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics were found between the two clusters, with the food gourmets cluster tending to have a higher body mass index (BMI), being younger in age, and consuming more frequent meals per day.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study found two clusters with different ATs in a sample of Iraqi population: fuzzy eaters cluster and food gourmets cluster. Strong associations between the identified clusters and demographic variables (age, BMI, gender, and meals per day) were found.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life after stroke from Survivors perspective: A descriptive cross-sectional study","authors":"Isha Manjalamkunnel Aboobacker ,&nbsp;Namitha Subrahmanyam ,&nbsp;Kalesh M. Karun ,&nbsp;Leena Kunnath Chacko","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Stroke contributes to the global disability and greatly affects the physical, cognitive and emotional wellbeing of an individual. Understanding the factors that influence recovery is crucial for developing interventions that promote independence and autonomy among stroke survivors. The present study examines the relationship between self-efficacy, functional ability, quality of life and perceived dependence on caregiver among stroke survivors.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A Quantitative approach with descriptive-cross sectional design was adopted in the study. By using convenient sampling technique, a total of 148 stroke survivors within the age group of 35–65 years were recruited from the neuro inpatient department of a selected tertiary care hospital of Ernakulam district, Kerala. The tools used to collect the data were, The socio demographic proforma, Clinical proforma, The Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, The Barthel Index, The Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale, and Likert scale on Perceived dependence on caregiver. Spearman's correlation and Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis test or ANOVA (p &lt; 0.05) was used for data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed low median scores for self-efficacy 2(0,6), functional ability 35(20,40), Quality of life 58(49,67) and perceived dependence 56(55,58) among stroke survivors. Quality of life was significantly related to self-efficacy (r_s = 0.526, p &lt; 0.001) and functional ability (r_s = 0.523, p &lt; 0.001) whereas a negative correlation was observed with perceived caregiver dependence (r_s = -0.249, p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Quality of life of stroke survivors was significantly related with Self-efficacy, Functional ability and Perceived dependence on caregiver. Health care professionals can improve stroke outcomes by optimizing the care requisites and by initiating Nurse-Led Rehabilitation empowerment programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edible oil consumption in Puducherry: A sequential exploratory mixed methods study","authors":"Sombuddha Biswas ,&nbsp;Athira Menon ,&nbsp;Namita Patel ,&nbsp;Chandru Sivamani ,&nbsp;Haripriya Sundaramoorthy ,&nbsp;Subitha Lakshminarayanan","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Among dietary factors that influences non-communicable diseases, edible oils (EO) play a crucial role due to the types of fat they contain, as well as the methods of processing, storage, and cooking practices. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the factors influencing household choices of EOs and cooking practices, and to determine the quantity and patterns of EO consumption among households in Puducherry, South India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sequential exploratory mixed-methods study was conducted between February 2023 and March 2024 in Puducherry. The qualitative phase included key-informant and in-depth interviews with subject experts, EO shop dealers, and eligible adults responsible for household cooking. Data saturation was achieved after five IDIs and five KIIs. The quantitative phase involved a structured questionnaire and a 24-h dietary recall administered to 205 adults, selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Intake analysis was done with DietSoft software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The qualitative analysis identified five major themes: consumer behaviour and preferences, cooking practices and oil usage, sourcing and storage, industry practices, and strategies for promoting healthy EO consumption. About 72.4 % of participants were female, with a mean age of 46.1 years. Groundnut oil (56.7 %) and sunflower oil (52.8 %) were the commonly used oils. Most of the participants (61.2 %) bought oil from supermarkets and stored it in plastic containers (42.1 %). The mean (SD) of total energy intake was 2230.6 kcal (461.9), with 33.0 % (10.8 %) of energy from fat. Saturated fat intake was within safe limits, while polyunsaturated fat intake was below recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the diverse factors influencing EO consumption patterns and cooking practices. A multi-pronged approach is necessary to targeting consumers as well as stakeholder for enabling healthier EO practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 101998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saudi in vaso-occlusive crisis accessing healthcare for pain management: A qualitative study","authors":"Jawhrah Alqahtani","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adults with sickle cell disease often experience vaso-occlusive crises, leading to frequent healthcare visits and increased disparities in care. The pain management experiences of sickle cell disease patients are underexplored, especially in Saudi Arabia, contributing to prolonged suffering.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the lived experiences of Saudi Arabian adults with sickle cell disease when accessing healthcare for vaso-occlusive crisis pain management.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Setting(s)</h3><div>The study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between November and December 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>12 adults with sickle cell disease were recruited through purposeful and snowball sampling.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were analyzed using Moustakas's transcendental phenomenology, focusing on the lived experiences of participants.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four themes emerged: (a) <em>enduring suffering, (b) crying out for understanding, (c) paradoxes in healthcare access, and (d) longing beyond suffering</em>. Participants expressed deep pain and frustration, desiring better recognition of their pain and more compassionate, informed care. They reported that healthcare interactions often felt inadequate, with long waits and insufficient treatment, leading to feelings of isolation and distress. Acknowledging their suffering and providing empathetic, well-informed care could alleviate these issues and help them move beyond their pain toward hope and better quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking Diet and Homocysteine to complexity of coronary artery disease using SYNTAX score – A cross sectional study","authors":"Sowndarya Kollampare ,&nbsp;Anupama Hegde ,&nbsp;Arpit Jain ,&nbsp;Padmanabh Kamath ,&nbsp;Ramya Shenoy ,&nbsp;Poornima A. Manjrekar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hyperhomocystinemia (HHcy) attributed to various causes is considered an independent risk factor in the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Homocysteine (Hcy) levels are affected by aging, renal dysfunction, hypothyroidism, oral hypoglycemics, dietary deficiency of folic acid (FA), vitamin B6, B12 (B12) and genetic defects. Influence of diet on Hcy and its relation to SYNTAX score was evaluated in newly diagnosed CAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 160 patients aged 40–59 years diagnosed as CAD by the Cardiologist at a tertiary healthcare center. SYNTAX score was calculated using a computer program. Hcy was estimated on the COBAS Pro c503, vitamin B12 (B12) and FA levels were estimated on the COBAS Pro e801 using ROCHE kits.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HHcy (&gt;15 μmol/L) was detected in 82 CAD patients and the point estimate of odds ratio was 1.157 with 95 % CI (1.056–1.267) of CAD. CAD patients with HHcy were labelled as Group I; Group II were those with Normal Homocysteine (NHcy) (≤15 μmol/L; n = 78). Hcy had a statistically significant correlation to SYNTAX score (Group I: r = 0.429; Group II: r = 0.233). Majority (n = 65) of Group I were vegetarians showing equal prevalence of high and intermediate risk SYNTAX score. Among them, substantial patients (n = 48) were found to have combined B12 and FA deficiency. Significant number (n = 57) of Group II patients had low risk SYNTAX score irrespective of deficient or sufficient B12/FA status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HHcy was a common finding in nutritionally compromised vegetarian CAD patients contributing to higher risk SYNTAX score.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 102012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}