Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Clustering of non-communicable disease risk factors among school teachers: A cross-sectional study in Kerala, India","authors":"Mini GK ,&nbsp;Sangeeth KS ,&nbsp;Anand Marthanda Pillai ,&nbsp;Sarma PS ,&nbsp;Thankappan KR","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There is limited data on non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among teachers in low and middle-income settings. We assessed the prevalence and clustering of NCD risk factors among school teachers in Kerala.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed data from 2216 school teachers in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. The World Health Organization (WHO) STEPs questionnaire for NCD risk factor surveillance was used. We collected socio-demographic information and behavioural risk factors using STEP-1 and clinical measurements using STEP-2. We included WHO recommended four behavioural risk factors and four metabolic risk factors for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The main risk factors were physical inactivity (76.4 %) and overweight/obesity (68.8 %). Current tobacco use was reported by 5 % of men, while 13.4 % of men and 2.6 % of women reported alcohol use. A quarter of teachers consumed than five servings of fruits and vegetables daily. Self-reported diabetes prevalence was 10.6 % and dyslipidaemia was 22.4 %. Hypertension prevalence was 18.1 %. Only 2.8 % had no risk factors, 18.9 % had one, 37.7 % had two, and 40.6 % had three or more. Among physically inactive participants, the most common co-occurring risk factor was overweight, followed by insufficient fruit and vegetable intake. For overweight participants, physical inactivity and insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption were prevalent. In hypertensives, the most common co-morbidity was being overweight, followed by physical inactivity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A higher proportion of teachers had three or more NCD risk factors indicating the need for targeted interventions for school teachers to mitigate these risk factors to prevent NCDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143199987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-rater reliability and validity of navicular drop test for the assessment of medial longitudinal arch in patients having pronated feet with chronic low back pain","authors":"Md Farhan Alam ,&nbsp;Saima Zaki ,&nbsp;Saurabh Sharma ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ghareeb ,&nbsp;Shibili Nuhmani","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Navicular Drop (ND) test serves as a diagnostic tool for evaluating foot protonation by measuring the variation in the height of the navicular tuberosity between sitting and standing positions. Pronated feet (PF) are considered to be associated with lower limb injuries and low back pain (LBP). Hence, a highly reliable assessment method for accurately diagnosing foot protonation is essential.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the intra-rater test-retest reliability, Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Smallest Detectable Difference (SDD) and validity related to the ND test among patients having PF with chronic low back pain (CLBP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Foot protonation was measured using the ND test for both lower limbs on a sample of 45 CLBP patients (16 male, 29 female). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), SEM and SDD values were calculated to obtain reliability and measurement error.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The test-retest reliability of the ND test was found to be good, exhibiting ICC values of 0.89 for the dominant limb and 0.82 for the non-dominant limb. The 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were reported as 0.804 to 0.941 for the dominant limb and 0.672 to 0.901 for the non-dominant limb. The SEM and SDD were 0.94 and 2.62 for the dominant limb, and 1.35 and 3.75 for the non-dominant limb, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of the study suggested ND test is a reliable method for measuring foot arches, making it applicable in clinical practice to assess patients for foot protonation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alarming rise in prevalence of obesity among children with essential hypertension: Reflection of larger global epidemiological change of adolescent nutritional status","authors":"Vishwak Gundeti,&nbsp;Shrikiran Aroor,&nbsp;Koushik H,&nbsp;Leslie E. Lewis,&nbsp;Suneel C. Mundkur,&nbsp;Ramesh Bhat Y,&nbsp;Pushpa Kini","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Young-onset hypertension is emerging as a substantial public health issue globally, especially in children and adolescents. The rising incidence of essential hypertension in pediatric populations is chiefly attributable to changes in lifestyle and obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study assesses the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and causes of hypertension in children aged 1 month to 18 years with a focus on essential hypertension and obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective observational study was undertaken at the Department of Paediatrics of a tertiary care medical college in Southern India from October 2022 to July 2024. The research encompassed 116 children aged 1 month to 18 years admitted with hypertension, diagnosed as per 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines. Data encompassing demographic information, familial history - risk factors for hypertension, anthropometric parameters, and clinical characteristics were gathered. Details of diagnostic evaluations conducted, comprising blood tests, imaging studies, and hormonal analyses were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of hypertension among the admitted children during the study period was found to be 1.6 %. Renal parenchymal disorders accounted for the major cause of hypertension (68.9 %), followed by essential hypertension (15.5 %). In children with essential hypertension, obesity/overweight was the most common risk factor, observed in 72.2 % of patients, followed by family history of hypertension (44.4 %). Hypertensive urgency and emergency were seen in 14 (13.3 %) and 6 (5.7 %) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There has been a substantial increase in the proportion of essential hypertension among children and a significant rise in the incidence of overweight/obesity among children with essential hypertension. Timely screening, lifestyle alterations, and effective care are essential for reducing long-term problems related to paediatric hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and associated factors of genital warts among patients in Iran: A cross-sectional study highlighting the impact of education and sexual behavior","authors":"Hossein Faramarzi ,&nbsp;Hasti Jofreyi ,&nbsp;Nahid Heydari Marandi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Ghahartars ,&nbsp;Nasrin Aliabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is more prevalent among people and their sexual partners. This study aims to assess the prevalence of genital warts, examine associated factors like education and sexual behavior, and identify key factors influencing their occurrence in Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted on all patients with genital warts who were examined in Shahid Faghihi Dermatology Consultation Unit, Shiraz, Iran and underwent an HIV test in 2018. The associated factors related to genital warts and HIV test (negative/positive) in patients were determined using univariate analyses in our study. The study considered findings with a p-value below 0.05 to be statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 679 participants in this study, 498(73.3 %) were male and 181(26.7 %) were females. The average age of participants was 32.1 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></math></span> 9.1 years. The frequency of higher education and permanent marriage were 329 (48.4 %) and 415 (61.1 %) individuals, respectively. Moreover, 98 (14.4 %) and participants who confirmed eGW suffer from addiction and 2 (0.3 %) from drug Injection. In addition, 528 (77.8 %) had unprotected sex, 298 (43.9 %) had multiple sexual partners, and 35 (5.1 %) participants had homosexual sex. In addition, the frequency of HIV positive in patients who suffer from genital warts was 3 (0.4 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest a strong correlation between associated factors and eGW. Notably, individuals with higher education levels tend to experience a higher prevalence of genital warts. Furthermore, the findings showed that eGW was strongly linked to a past of engaging in sexual activity with multiple partners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of a mental health literacy module - A randomized controlled trial among school teachers","authors":"Vidya Prabhu ,&nbsp;Lena Ashok ,&nbsp;Veena Ganesh Kamath ,&nbsp;Amitha Puranik ,&nbsp;Sebastian Padickaparambil ,&nbsp;Nikitha Sibil Rebello ,&nbsp;Praveen Arhanthabailu ,&nbsp;Varalakshmi Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Teachers can greatly aid the promotion of adolescent mental health. Early intervention is key in reducing morbidity related to mental health conditions among adolescents. This study was undertaken to test the effectiveness of the MHL module among high school teachers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A parallel stratified cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among high school teachers between November 2019 to September 2021. Schools were stratified based on the type of school and then randomized. Teachers from 29 schools received intervention and 28 schools were waitlisted and given intervention at the end of the trial. The effectiveness of the module was assessed using a baseline, post-test, and follow-up questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA adjusted for cluster effect was used to assess the change in knowledge, management, attitudes and beliefs over time in the intervention arm.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant improvement was observed in the intervention arm as compared to the control arm across the domains of knowledge and attitudes and beliefs with an increase in mean knowledge score of 3.34 (95 % CI: 2.14 to 4.55 p &lt; 0.001) and an increase in mean attitudes and beliefs score of 0.95 (95 % CI: 0.42 to 1.49 p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study found that the intervention module was effective in enhancing the MHL of teachers across all the domains, which may facilitate early intervention among adolescents at the school level.</div><div>The trial has been registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India prospectively. (CTRI/2017/11/010633)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101946"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of carbapenem-resistant infections on mortality in mechanically ventilated acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: A comparison with hypoxemia severity – An observational study","authors":"Thejesh Srinivas ,&nbsp;Shwethapriya R ,&nbsp;Gagana Hanumaiah ,&nbsp;Pratibha Todur ,&nbsp;Souvik Chaudhuri ,&nbsp;Ganesh Paramasivam ,&nbsp;Prithvishree Ravindra ,&nbsp;Vinutha R. Bhat ,&nbsp;Sagar Shanmukhappa Maddani ,&nbsp;Shobha U. Kamath ,&nbsp;Danavath Nagendra ,&nbsp;Vishwas P ,&nbsp;Likith Hanumaiah ,&nbsp;Pratik Paran Medhi ,&nbsp;Prabha Prakash","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>There has been a shift in predicting adverse outcomes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from pulmonary to extra-pulmonary organ dysfunction. With rising multi-drug resistance, carbapenem-resistant infections (CRI) may complicate ARDS. The significance of CRI as an outcome predictor is crucial. This study aimed to assess the impact of CRI in ARDS patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This secondary analysis included 355 adult ARDS patients on invasive mechanical ventilation from two prospective observational studies conducted between September 2020 and July 2024 at a single-center tertiary care facility. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. Demographic details, organ dysfunction scores, oxygenation values, ARDS classification based on the Berlin criteria, inflammatory biomarkers, and ICU outcomes were noted from clinical records. Patients’ culture sensitivity reports were reviewed for CRI, and the association of CRI with mortality outcomes was analyzed. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses and artificial neural network model, were employed to analyze mortality outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CRI was present in 32.9 % of ARDS patients. Multivariable logistic regression identified CRI as an independent predictor of ICU mortality (P-value&lt;0.001, adjusted OR 3.13, 95%CI [1.752–5.588]). Artificial neural network analysis showed that acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, and CRI had the normalized importance (100 %, 84.5 %, and 83.4 %, respectively) in predicting mortality. Independent predictors—CRI, APACHE II score ≥ 17, and SOFA score ≥9—were combined to create the “CARAS” categorization, which had a higher mortality (76.6 %, P-value&lt;0.001). Mortality in mild-moderate ARDS with CRI was 59.4 % versus 41.1 % without CRI (P-value = 0.013, Chi-Square test).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CRI is an independent predictor of mortality in ARDS patients, compared to hypoxemia severity. “CARAS” positive patients (CRI with APACHE II score ≥17 and SOFA score ≥9) had significantly higher mortality than non-CARAS. CRI significantly increases mortality in mild-moderate ARDS compared to increase in mortality in severe ARDS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiated TB care matrix: Validating an assessment tool for healthcare workers providing differentiated TB care using Delphi technique","authors":"Riswana S. Ansari ,&nbsp;Ankeeta Menona Jacob ,&nbsp;Avinash K. Shetty ,&nbsp;Shazia Anjum","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The provision of Differentiated Tuberculosis (TB) Care by healthcare personnel is crucial in optimising patient outcomes and resource utilisation in TB units. This study explores validating a questionnaire on differentiated TB care provision from the healthcare providers' perspective, focusing on facilitating factors and challenges in the healthcare delivery for TB patients using the Delphi Technique.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and materials</h3><div>A multidimensional model was designed to assess differentiated TB care provision by healthcare providers in Karnataka using inductive and deductive methods. Between January 2024 and March 2024, we used the Delphi technique via email and in-person contacts. We engaged a panel of Ten Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) to refine and validate the assessment tool containing 146 items iteratively using 2 rounds of 5 SMEs each. For each round, the following metrics were calculated: Lawshe's Content Validity Ratio (CVR), Scale Content Validity Indices (CVI), and Item Impact Score (IIS, Face Validity). The final tool contained only questions with Item Impact Scores of ≥1.5, CVRs of ≥0.99, and CVIs of ≥0.8 (p-value &lt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Item Impact Score (Face Validity) of 126 items accepted as facilitating factors and barriers in providing Differentiated TB care by Community Health Officers and Medical officers for TB patients was ≥1.5. Content Validity Ratios (CVR) for the facilitating factors and barriers in providing differentiated TB care by Community Health Officers and Medical Officers for TB patients was ≥0.99, except for 19 items removed from the final tool. The Scale Content Validity Indices (for relevance), i.e., S-CVI (Average) and S-CVI (Proportional relevance), for 19 items that were removed from the tool failed to reach ≥0.8.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>By determining acceptable content validity ratios and indices using the Delphi technique, this study has developed and validated a tool to assess the facilitating factors and barriers in providing differentiated TB care by the Community Health Officers and Medical Officers for TB patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of tuberculosis mortality in an urban residents: A hospital-based cohort study in China","authors":"Shu-jin Ruan ,&nbsp;Zhi Liu ,&nbsp;Zhi Mao ,&nbsp;Ting Meng ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Xue Ke ,&nbsp;Xu-hui Liu ,&nbsp;Guo-bao Li ,&nbsp;Jing-fang Chen ,&nbsp;Xiu-fen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>To reach the goal of a 95 % reduction in Tuberculosis (TB) mortality by 2035 compared to 2015, it may be necessary for different regions to create specific intervention strategies tailored to their respective TB mortality components. This study aimed to investigate the causes of death among TB patients in China's developed cities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included 8851TB patients registered at Shenzhen's largest TB-designated hospital between 2017 and 2022. The primary causes of death were categorized, and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for TB mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed a TB mortality rate of 1.6 % during the treatment period. Independent risk factors for TB mortality included male gender, older age, lower body mass index (BMI), anemia, and the presence of tumors. Notably, poor treatment adherence was significant contributors to mortality, even in this well-resourced urban environment. Additionally, the progression of the chronic disease emerged as a critical factor in TB-related deaths, particularly among patients with severe underlying conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the importance of addressing treatment adherence and healthcare accessibility to reduce TB mortality, even in urban settings with robust healthcare infrastructure. The findings also highlight the need for integrated management of TB and chronic diseases, as well as early identification and management of underlying disease to improve patient outcomes. These insights are crucial for developing targeted interventions that can enhance TB care and reduce mortality in similar urban populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologic characteristics, the length of hospital stay, and mortality of patients with organophosphate poisoning: A systematic review","authors":"Janet Alva ,&nbsp;Elsa Sanatombi Devi ,&nbsp;Ramesh Chandrababu ,&nbsp;Julliet Abraham ,&nbsp;Jayraj Mymbilly Balakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2025.101932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Organophosphate poisoning is continuing to be a rising cause for the presentation to emergency department and admission to the Intensive Care Units in India.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this review was to quantitatively synthesize the data to identify the epidemiologic characteristics, the length of hospital stays, and mortality of patients with organophosphate poisoning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review of the scientific studies published between 2010 and 2022 was carried out. With the help of comprehensive search strategy, 15 out of 112 articles from databases like CINAHL, EBSCO, Scopus, PUBMED, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Central were retrieved. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines was adopted and reported using the PRISMA guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The total participants reported by the current review were 28,593 patients. This review also highlighted that the mean age of participants was 42.22 ± 9.29 years and the mean duration of arrival to hospital was 5.97 ± 2.48 h. Majority of the participants reported were male 20,127 (70.4 %). It was also reported that 3331(11.6 %) patients developed complications and 71.7 % (2387) patients were on mechanical ventilation. This review also reported that 6732 (23.5 %) patients were discharged after recovery while 1059 (3.7 %) patients succumbed during treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The delay in hospital arrival of the patient worsens the condition of organophosphate poisoned patient resulting in serious complications, prolonged hospital stay and even increases the caregiver burden. The mass awareness to be created for the public to ensure the victim reaches the hospital for immediate medical care to prevent mortality and minimize morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101932"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of mental health in middle-aged women with type-2 diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Rabia Aziz ,&nbsp;Sohrab Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Sumbul Ansari ,&nbsp;Firdaus Jawed","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-communicable diseases like hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus are becoming increasingly prevalent and can lead to anxiety, depression, and memory problems. These mental health comorbidities often go undiagnosed despite significantly impacting quality of life. Sex differences are also observed, with women experiencing higher rates of both conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to compare the levels of anxiety, depression, and memory in middle-aged women with hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional design recruited 243 females from Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital in New Delhi. Participants were divided into hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus groups based on confirmed diagnoses. Questionnaires were used to assess anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), and memory (PGI-memory). Data analysis employed independent-sample t-tests and chi-square tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) emerged in mean mental health scores. The hypothyroidism group displayed higher anxiety (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and better memory (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while the diabetic group exhibited higher depression (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Results showed a higher prevalence of severe anxiety and depression in the diabetic group compared to the hypothyroidism group. Notably, the diabetic group also showed a significantly higher proportion of participants with moderate memory problems.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests that both hypothyroidism and type-2 diabetes mellitus can impact mental health in middle-aged women. Type-2 diabetes mellitus appears to be associated with a greater prevalence of severe category of anxiety and depression, and with greater individuals in the moderate memory level category. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive assessments to identify and address mental health comorbidities in patients with these chronic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 101911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}