Development and validation of the resilience in self-care scale (RISE) among older adults with diabetes in Northeast Malaysia

IF 1.7 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102169

Maryam Mohd Zulkifli , Azidah Abdul Kadir , Razlina Abdul Rahman , Rosediani Muhamad , Norlaila Mustafa , Najib Majdi Yaacob , Nik Harlina Roza Nik Kazim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Problem considered

Understanding the level of resilience in managing self-care in older adults with diabetes (OAwD) remains crucial to determining the resilience level. Hence, OAwD with low resilience could be invited to participate in the resilience intervention and diabetes education program. However, there is a lack of validated instruments to assess this. This study aims to develop and validate the resilience in self-care scale (RISE) among OAwD in Northeast Malaysia.

Methods

The scale was developed based on the Resiliency Model, literature reviews, and discussions among research team members. A step-by-step validation procedure involving content, face, and construct validity was applied. The construct validation was conducted via cross-sectional studies among 216 OAwD using Exploratory Factor Analysis and 300 OAwD using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The study was conducted face-to-face at a tertiary hospital's primary care and medical clinic.

Results

The preliminary RISE displays a high item Content and Face Validity Index with 22 items. The EFA analysis demonstrated a domain with 18 items. The final questionnaire after CFA analysis consists of one domain with 17 items. The level of goodness of fit (comparative fit index = 0.961, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.954, incremental fit index = 0.901, chi-squared/degree of freedom = 2.560, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.072), signifying a good fit model. The Cronbach's alpha of this questionnaire is 0.967.

Conclusion

The RISE scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring resilience in managing self-care among OAwD.

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马来西亚东北部老年糖尿病患者自我护理量表（RISE）弹性的发展与验证

了解老年糖尿病患者（OAwD）管理自我护理的复原力水平对于确定复原力水平至关重要。因此，可以邀请低弹性的OAwD参与弹性干预和糖尿病教育计划。然而，缺乏有效的工具来评估这一点。本研究旨在发展和验证马来西亚东北地区外来务工人员自我照顾量表（RISE）的弹性。方法基于弹性模型、文献回顾和研究小组成员讨论编制量表。一步一步的验证程序涉及内容，面孔，和结构效度的应用。采用探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析对216名OAwD和300名OAwD进行了横断面研究，对结构进行了验证。这项研究是在一家三级医院的初级保健和医疗诊所面对面进行的。结果初步的RISE量表有22个条目，显示出较高的条目含量和面孔效度指数。EFA分析显示了一个包含18个项目的域。经CFA分析后的最终问卷由一个域17个题项组成。拟合优度（比较拟合指数= 0.961，Tucker-Lewis指数= 0.954，增量拟合指数= 0.901，卡方/自由度= 2.560，近似均方根误差= 0.072），表示模型拟合良好。本问卷的Cronbach's alpha为0.967。结论RISE量表是一种有效、可靠的评估老年痴呆患者自我护理管理弹性的工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

218

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.