印度南部卡纳塔克邦慢性呼吸系统疾病成年患者接种疫苗的知识、态度和认知的医院横断面分析

IF 1.7 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI:10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102162

Aditya Ashok , Preetam R. Acharya , Neeraj Vinod Mohandas , Adarsh Sugathan , Anu Priya , Vishak Acharya , Thomas Antony , Sindhu Kamath , Akhilesh Kunoor , Malavika Gopakumar

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引用次数: 0

摘要

慢性呼吸系统疾病（CRDs）是一个重大的全球健康负担。呼吸道病毒常使crd恶化。疫苗接种对于预防这些恶化至关重要，但由于缺乏认识和指南不充分，成人免疫接种率仍然很低。本研究的目的是确定成人crd患者接受成人疫苗接种的患病率，并建立成人疫苗接种知识不足以及知识、态度和感知（KAP）的独立预测因子。方法共招募185名参与者进行以医院为基础的横断面研究。通过管理一份预先测试的结构化调查表，促进了数据收集。随后，参与者的回答被分配分数。采用适当的统计检验进行二项和多变量分析。结果研究参与者的平均（±SD）年龄为61.92（±11.61）岁。成人慢性疾病的疫苗接种覆盖率（肺炎球菌/流感）仅为1.6%。研究参与者的KAP得分中位数（IQR）为2.00（1,4）。成人疫苗接种知识不足的独立预测因子为：(1)61 ~ 80岁(AOR 21.98；95% CI 2.90-24.56)(2)男性(AOR 0.18；95% ci 0.02-0.96)。对KAP评分有负向影响的独立因素有：(1)年龄41 ~ 60岁(B = - 3.50；95%可信区间-4.79−2.20)(2)61 - 80岁(B =−3.39;95% CI -4.63−2.14)(3)年龄在80年(B =−3.25;95% CI -5.07至- 1.42)。结论年龄、男性性别等因素可预测知识不足，年龄本身是KAP得分的负向预测因子。这需要政策转向综合护理模式，优先考虑在高危患者中进行全面的疫苗接种教育。

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A hospital based cross-sectional analysis of knowledge, attitude and perception of vaccinations among adult patients with chronic respiratory diseases in Karnataka, South India

Background

Chronic Respiratory Diseases (CRDs) are a significant global health burden. Respiratory viruses frequently exacerbate CRDs. Vaccination is crucial for preventing these exacerbations, yet adult immunization rates remain low due to lack of awareness and inadequate guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of adults with CRDs receiving adult vaccinations and to establish the independent predictors of insufficient knowledge as well as the knowledge, attitude and perception (KAP) with regards to adult vaccination.

Methods

A total of 185 participants were recruited for a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Data collection was facilitated through the administration of a pre-tested, structured questionnaire. Subsequently, participant responses were assigned scores. Appropriate statistical tests were used for binomial and multivariable analysis.

Results

The mean (±SD) age of study participants was 61.92 (±11.61) years. The prevalence of vaccination coverage (pneumococcal/influenza) among adults with CRDs was only 1.6 %. The median (IQR) KAP score among the study participants was 2.00 (1,4). The independent predictors of insufficient knowledge regarding adult vaccination were: (1) Age 61–80 years (AOR 21.98; 95 % CI 2.90–24.56) (2) Male gender (AOR 0.18; 95 % CI 0.02–0.96). The independent factors which had a negative impact on KAP scores were: (1) Age 41–60 years (B = −3.50; 95 % CI -4.79 to −2.20) (2) Age 61–80 years (B = −3.39; 95 % CI -4.63 to −2.14) (3) Age >80 years (B = −3.25; 95 % CI -5.07 to −1.42).

Conclusion

Factors like older age and male gender predict insufficient knowledge and age itself was found to be a negative predictor of KAP scores in this study. This necessitates a policy shift towards integrated care models that prioritize comprehensive vaccination education among high-risk patients.

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来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

218

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.