Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Perception and acceptability towards HPV vaccination among mothers of adolescent girls employed in health care sector-a cross sectional study","authors":"Shipra Saini,&nbsp;Ritu Nagar,&nbsp;Mithilesh Kumar,&nbsp;Himanshu Shekhar,&nbsp;Pooja Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Raising awareness among parents of adolescent girls and addressing misconceptions is crucial to overcoming HPV vaccine hesitancy and ensuring the success of vaccination programs, ultimately reducing the burden of cervical cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess perceptions of HPV infection and identify factors influencing the acceptability of the HPV vaccine among female healthcare staff with at least one adolescent daughter.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Female healthcare staff with at least one unmarried adolescent daughter were interviewed using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent. Participants without prior knowledge were provided information before questions on vaccine willingness were asked. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, with categorical variables presented as proportions and Chi-square tests applied at a 5 % significance level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 102 female staff members were interviewed. While 76 % had heard of cervical cancer, only 32.4 % were aware of HPV infection, and 14.7 % knew about its transmission. Awareness of HPV vaccination was primarily through healthcare providers, with only 36.2 % knowing of its availability. Factors such as age, education, occupation, and socioeconomic status significantly influenced perceptions of HPV infection and awareness of cervical cancer. Willingness for vaccination was strongly associated with occupation and socioeconomic status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite gaps in understanding HPV and its connection to cervical cancer, there is high willingness to accept the vaccine. Enhancing mass awareness, especially among parents of adolescents through media and healthcare providers, is vital. Efforts should focus on integrating the HPV vaccine into Universal Immunization Programs, particularly within school health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young onset coronary artery disease in India: A descriptive observational study","authors":"Manjit Singh,&nbsp;Ratheesh Kumar,&nbsp;Vishal Kansal,&nbsp;Anuj Singhal,&nbsp;Amul Kapoor,&nbsp;Gurpreet Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101851","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in less than 45 years of age is termed as young onset CAD. There is an alarming increase in young-onset CAD in Low- and Middle-Income countries, especially in the Asian Subcontinent.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim and objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study aimed to estimate the clinical profile, risk factors, and post-angiography outcome at six months among young-onset CAD patients.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A prospective study was conducted at a national, tertiary care, government referral hospital in North India, from October 2022 to November 2023. All patients undergoing coronary angiography following CAD and less than 45 years of age were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. Data was collected using a structured pilot-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of medical records and analysed using R version 4.2.3.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study included 55 patients with a mean age of 39.2 years and majority being males. The common risk factors observed were smoking (36.3 %) and dyslipidemia (9 %). Most of the participants presented with dyspnea and chest pain together (30.9 %). The NYHA class at presentation was class III (73 %). 5.5 % had thrombocytopenia, transaminitis was in 14.5 % and 36.7 % had dyslipidemia. CRP was increased in 52.7 % and abnormal cardiac markers in (63.6 %). The ECG showed ST depression, T Inversion (51 %), ST elevation (29 %), left ventricle hypertrophy in 3.7 %. Chest x-ray showed cardiomegaly in 16.4 %. Coronary angiography showed that among total patients 60 % had single vessel disease, 21.8 % had double vessel disease and 18.2 % had triple vessel disease. Further 32.7 % were diagnosed NSTEMI, 29.1 % with STEMI and 16.4 % each had stable and unstable angina respectively. 20 % had EF 45%–55 %, 11 % had EF &lt;45 %+ hypokinesia, 5.5 % had EF &lt;45 %, 3.6 % each had EF 45%–55 %+ hypokinesia and EF &lt;45 %+ Hypokinesia + Valvular insufficiency respectively and 1.8 % had EF &lt;45 %+ valvular insufficiency. Angioplasty was done in 81.8 % and CABG in 14.5 %. At the 6th month of follow up NYHA grading was class I in 56.6 % and class II in 37.8 % and class III in 5.6 %. The mortality rate was 3.6 % (2 deaths) because of cardiac failure.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study concludes that six month survival for the diagnosis was 96.4 %. Modifiable risk factors (such as smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity) and non modifiable risk factors (sex and family history) both are directly associated with early Coronary artery disease. Majority of the patients presented with chest pain and dyspnea. The common biochemical derangements found were elevated CRP and cardiac biomarkers. In non invasive tests ECG and 2D Echocardiography were found to be good tools for evaluation of CAD as ECG changes such as ST elevation, T wave inversion, ST depression etc and 2D Echo findings like Reduced ejection fraction and regional wall motion abnormali","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101851"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis among hypereosinophilic patients seeking care at diagnostic centers in Tehran, Iran","authors":"Zohre Fakhrieh- Kashan ,&nbsp;Eshrat Beigom Kia ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Dabaghi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Sari ,&nbsp;Enayat Darabi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hypereosinophilia is characterized by an increase in eosinophil levels above the normal range. Secondary hypereosinophilia is frequently seen in helminth infections and allergic conditions. If not diagnosed and managed promptly, eosinophilia can result in various complications impacting health. The aim of this study was to explore the seroprevalence of <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> and <em>Toxocara</em> spp. among hypereosinophilic patients undergoing evaluation at selected diagnostic centers in Tehran<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive questionnaire was completed, and a blood sample was collected from each participant. The seropositivity of helminth infections was ascertained through indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing commercially procured kits for discerning anti-<em>S. stercoralis</em> and anti-<em>Toxocara</em> spp. IgG antibodies. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 135 participants in this study, 61 (45.2 %) were male and 74 (54.8 %) were female. The seropositivity rates for strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis were found to be 9.6 % and 0.74 %, respectively. Among the various underlying medical conditions observed in the participants, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) was the most prevalent, and it showed a significant association with seropositivity for strongyloidiasis (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The seropositivity for <em>S. stercoralis</em> was higher than that for <em>Toxocara</em> spp.. The significant association between seropositivity for <em>S. stercoralis</em> and diabetes underscores the importance of conducting community-based studies and implementing screening initiatives targeting high-risk populations to assess the seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass drug administration to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: A population-based coverage and compliance study in Eastern India","authors":"Shubhashisha Mohanty ,&nbsp;Birasen Behera ,&nbsp;Abhinav Sinha ,&nbsp;Madhusmita Bal ,&nbsp;Sanghamitra Pati ,&nbsp;Prakash Kumar Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) like lymphatic filariasis (LF) affect over 1 billion people globally, with India being a significant hotspot. Challenges persist despite global and national efforts, including the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) and India's National Filaria Control Programme. We conducted a study to assess the coverage and compliance of mass drug administartion (MDA) to improve LF elimination efforts in the Khordha district of Odisha, India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A sample of 2281 participants, including both males and females aged two years or older, was chosen through multistage stratified sampling. These participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Collected data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of filariasis, coverage and consumption of MDA drugs were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine coverage and compliance, with results presented alongside a 95 % confidence interval.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study, coverage and compliance rates were 86.36 % and 91.12 % for Albendazole, while 84.12 % and 90.62 % for DEC respectively. Fear of side effects was the reason for most of the participants' non-consumption. The coverage rate was low in urban areas because of gated communities and a lack of confidence in drug distributors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This recent round of MDA was effective but still fear of side effects and lack of awareness were major challenges for the compliance of MDA drugs that need to be addressed for the complete eradication of LF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of malignant neoplasms and organizational aspects of cancer care in the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Bekzat M. Turmakhanbetov ,&nbsp;Gulnara Zh Tokmurzieva ,&nbsp;Zakira A. Kerimbaeva ,&nbsp;Reeti Debnath ,&nbsp;Maral G. Nogaeva ,&nbsp;Roza Ongalova ,&nbsp;Aigul Tazhiyeva","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the incidence and mortality rates of malignant neoplasms in Kazakhstan in 2022 and to analyze the organizational aspects of cancer care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 33,177 patients with malignant neoplasms registered in oncological institutions in 2022 were analyzed. The study focused on treatment completion rates and the distribution of treatment modalities, including surgical, radiation, medicinal, combined, comprehensive, and chemo-radiation therapies. Comparative analysis with international data was conducted to assess the effectiveness and adherence to global oncological standards.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed that 55.2 % of patients completed specialized treatment, with complex treatment being the most common modality (94.3 %). High completion rates were observed in breast cancer (65.9 %) and cervical cancer (68.8 %), reflecting the effectiveness of early detection and multidisciplinary approaches. However, lower completion rates were noted in liver cancer (26.2 %) and leukemia (23.0 %), highlighting the need for improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. Comparative international data indicated similar trends, with countries like the USA, UK, Japan, and Australia demonstrating the effectiveness of multidisciplinary and comprehensive treatment approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in treating malignant neoplasms, with Kazakhstan's practices largely aligning with international standards. Nevertheless, there is a need to enhance early diagnosis and treatment completion rates for specific cancers such as liver cancer and leukemia. Strengthening screening programs, improving access to modern treatments, and integrating international best practices can further improve patient outcomes in Kazakhstan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The psychological impact of quarantine on patients with COVID-19 at the lockdown center of Monastir (Tunisia)","authors":"Amjed Ben Haouala ,&nbsp;Lina Brahmi ,&nbsp;Sarra Ibn Khedher ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mhalla ,&nbsp;Ferid Zaafrane ,&nbsp;Lotfi Gaha ,&nbsp;Chawki Lousaief ,&nbsp;Badii Amamou","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101857","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unpredicted health crisis. Patients with covid-19 staying at a lockdown center are exposed to major psychological distress and need appropriate care. In our study, we were interested in COVID-19 patients, staying at a Tunisian lockdown center to evaluate the psychological repercussions of getting infected by COVID-19 and being placed in quarantine.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Data collected was about the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Psychological distress was assessed by the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21)))in the Arabic version. Qualitative variables were described using frequencies and quantitative ones were described using means and standard deviations (DS).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;A comparison of sociodemographic variables between COVID-19 patients was performed through a T-test and one away ANOVA.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify the variables independently associated with the DASS-21 score.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 148 patients were recruited. The mean age was 41.39, and the sex ratio was 1.17. The stay in the lockdown center was 35.86 days with extremes ranging from 7 to 86 days.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;79.7 % of participants were asymptomatic while 20.3 % of them were symptomatic. According to DASS-21 scores, 74.3 % of participants were not depressed and 64.9 % among them were not anxious. In addition, mild to moderate types of depression, anxiety and stress were more frequent than severe and extremely severe types. Several factors were significantly associated with psychological distress like the misjudgment of physical and mental health and the fear of being contagious. The female gender and the length of stay in the lockdown center were significantly associated with anxiety and depression. Age over 41 years old, physical illnesses, and symptoms of COVID-19 were significantly associated with the severity of psychological distress.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unpredictable global crisis that is far from being a simple health crisis with repercussions on all dimensions of life. It had negatively impacted the economy, environment, social interactions, cultural life, and our physical health and mental health. Thus, multidisciplinary interventions after the period of infection are strongly recommended.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;La pandémie du COVID-19 a provoqué une crise sanitaire imprévue. Les patients atteints de covid-19 séjournant dans un centre de confinement sont exposés à une détresse psychologique majeure et ont besoin de soins appropriés. Dans notre étude, nous nous sommes intéressés aux patients COVID-19, séjournant dans un centre de confinement tunisien pour évaluer les répercussions psychologiques d’être infectés par COVID-19 et d’être placé en quarantaine.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Les données recueillies portaient sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et cliniques des patients. La détresse psychologique a été évaluée par l’échelle","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101857"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID among infected students and staff in Chiang Mai university, Chiang Mai, Thailand","authors":"Ekachai Jaiprom ,&nbsp;Parichat Ong-artborirak ,&nbsp;Atchara Sriplakich ,&nbsp;Sineenart Chautrakarn","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although COVID-19 became endemic status in September 2022, studies and monitoring of individuals infected with COVID-19 have revealed that some develop Long COVID. This study aims to describe the prevalence of Long COVID and related factors among COVID-19-infected university students and staff in Thailand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used a retrospective cohort design to investigate Long COVID and its associated factors among university students and staff members who had previously tested positive for COVID-19 and reported their results to the University COVID-19 Reporting system between February 21 and June 30, 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated that the prevalence of Long COVID was 51.9 %. Among them 92.7 % had multiple symptoms. The most common symptoms were fatigue (65.8 %), easy tiredness (59.2 %), and easy tiredness after physical activity (44.7 %). Multiple logistic regression showed that factors associated with Long COVID were female compared to male (aOR = 2.228, 95 % CI = 1.743–2.849), and aged 20–29 years compared to being under 20 years old (aOR = 1.288, 95 % CI = 1.005–1.650). People with comorbidities compared to those without (aOR = 1.503, 95%CI = 1.099–2.056). People with the highest severity compared to those with mild severity (aOR = 2.041, 95%CI = 1.380–3.018), as well as those infected with Covid-19 twice or more compared to those infected once (aOR = 2.014, 95%CI = 1.346–3.012).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Long COVID symptoms should be closely monitored, particularly in individuals with underlying health conditions and those who experienced severe symptoms during their COVID-19 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence trends of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children in the United States from 2000 to 2020","authors":"Seyed Ehsan Mousavi ,&nbsp;Kimia Motlagh Asghari ,&nbsp;Armin Aslani ,&nbsp;Farzin Tahmasbi Arashlow ,&nbsp;Zahra Yekta ,&nbsp;Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) originates from the lymphoid tissues with a great morbidity and economic burden. It accounts for about 5 % of cancers in the United States (US) in 2024. We aimed to report the incidence trend of pediatric NHL in the US over 2000–2020, by age, sex, and subtype.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Cases were categorized using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology version 3. We reported age-standariszed incidence rates (ASIRs) and average annual percent changes (AAPC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2000 to 2019, there were 38,098 reported cases of pediatric NHL, with B-cell NHL being the most common subtype (84.31 %). Most cases were observed in non-Hispanic Whites (46.71 %) and children aged ≤4 years (37.26 %). The ASIR per 100,000 population was 5.47 (5.40–5.54) for males and 3.95 (3.89–4.01) for females. Over the study period, both sexes showed significant increases in ASIRs (AAPCs of 0.93 % for males and 0.51 % for females). However, no significant changes were observed in the ASIRs of pediatric NHL across all races and both sexes after the COVID-19 pandemic (percent change: 1.30 % [-5.10, 7.70]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While overall incidence rates remained stable, significant demographic variations were evident, including increases among Hispanic males and decreases among NHB females. There is a need for targeted interventions to address demographic disparities and the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors influencing NHL ASIRs in pediatric populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101850"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of waste anesthetic gas concentrations in the operating theaters and DNA damage in exposed female nurse anesthetists","authors":"Thitiworn Choosong ,&nbsp;Jatuporn Pakpirom","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Personnel that work in operation theaters are at risk of exposure to waste anesthetic gases (WAGs) that can cause deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. To assess the potential impacts of single strand break levels of nurse anesthetists, WAGs levels, and other factors were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Non-smoker nurse anesthetists (exposure group) and registered nurses (control group) that have never worked in operating theaters (OT) were matched by age. The WAG concentrations in OT were measured via a direct reading instrument. A blood sample of 2 mL from each volunteer nurse was used to determine the single strand break of DNA damage by comet assay; between July 2014 and January 2016.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total 77 nurses participated in this study. Even if the average 8-h TWA of the WAG concentrations were low, N₂O peaked at 951 ppm and sevoflurane peaked at 88.3 ppm during the induction phrase of pediatric patients. Multivariate analysis showed that ln (% of DNA) in the tail and ln (tail moment) were positively, significantly associated with N₂O and cancer in family history, while ln (tail length) was not. However, dietary consumption of fish, meat and cruciferous vegetable had influence on DNA damage and shift work should not be neglected.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nurse anesthetists were potentially exposed to very high WAG concentrations; especially in pediatric cases. There were multi-factors associated with DNA damage score. To decrease the DNA damage score, lifestyle and dietary consumption should be of more concern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating factors in global Universal Health Coverage implementation pre-COVID-19","authors":"Rahayu Lubis ,&nbsp;Fauzi Budi Satria ,&nbsp;Santi Martini ,&nbsp;Harnavi Harun ,&nbsp;Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki ,&nbsp;Surya Utama ,&nbsp;Juanita","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Universal Health Coverage (UHC) strives to ensure equitable access to high-quality healthcare services for all. Despite this goal, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant healthcare shortages worldwide. This study reevaluates key determinants of UHC implementation on a global scale before the pandemic, offering insights to shape strategies for achieving UHC by 2030 in light of current circumstances.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This ecological study analyzed data from 178 countries. UHC implementation was assessed using two indicators: Health Service Coverage (HSC) and Financial Protection (FP). Independent variables, including the Human Development Index (HDI), Health Worker Density (HWD), and Governance Effectiveness (GE), were proposed based on the Systemic Rapid Assessment Toolkit (SYSRA) framework. Data from 2000 to 2019 were sourced from open databases. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.3.1, with a significance level of p &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Countries with higher HDI exhibited significantly better HSC (p &lt; 0.05) and FP (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, HDI emerged as the primary contributor to HSC (accuracy = 0.77, Kappa = 0.64), while HSC played a central role in determining FP (accuracy = 0.61, Kappa = 0.21). Governance Effectiveness (GE) also significantly influenced FP in addition to HSC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rather than solely focusing on building healthcare infrastructure and expanding the healthcare workforce, balancing progress in both development and governance is a promising approach for countries striving to attain UHC by 2030.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142652372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}