Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Did they receive it? Direct Benefit Transfer to tuberculosis patients in Raigarh district, Chhattisgarh, India - A mixed methods study","authors":"Santosh Patoda ,&nbsp;Tanu Anand ,&nbsp;Sairu Philip ,&nbsp;Palanivel Chinnakali ,&nbsp;Abinash Mishra ,&nbsp;Pruthu Thekkur ,&nbsp;Pallavi Indwar ,&nbsp;Jaykumari Choudhary ,&nbsp;Sofia Noor ,&nbsp;Pradip Kumar Jana","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutrition support plays critical role in patient centered care of TB. India launched a direct benefit scheme Nikshay Poshan Yojana (NPY) in 2018. However, there is sparse evidence of its implementation status in Chhattisgarh.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To determine the proportion receiving the NPY incentives, its timeliness and factors associated with non-payment and delays, and to assess utilization patterns of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) among the beneficiaries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>It was a mixed-method study, with quantitative component of (Cross-sectional) followed by qualitative component (Descriptive). The data of all tuberculosis patients notified during April 2021toMarch 2022 in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India, were extracted from Nikshay-Portal. Beneficiaries registered for treatment in last quarter of 2021–2022, were also contacted to assess the utilization patterns of DBT. Eighteen health care providers (HCPs) were interviewed one-on-one to assess their perception regarding challenges in implementation of NPY and possible solutions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 2161 TB patients started on TB treatment, 1912(88.8 %) received at least one benefit. More than half (59.6 %; 1140/1912) of the TB patients who received at least one benefit, received their first benefit within 56 days of notification. Among 255 who responded for utilization pattern of DBT, nearly one third (n = 73,28.6 %) reported to have utilized DBT for buying food. The main challenges for non-receipt/delay in benefits were: difficulty opening bank accounts; “dormant” account policy; changing of Indian Financial System Code (IFSC) of rural and nationalized merged banks; poor internet connectivity; and shortage of human resources or workforce not distributed according to geographic location.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nearly nine out of ten patients received at least one benefit under NPY. However, its utilization for treatment purposes was limited. Bank related, patient related and provider related factors posed major challenges in smooth implementation of the scheme. To improve the scheme's coverage, flexible account opening policies with offline Nikshay-Portal features are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Mat Pilates intervention on sleep quality in adolescent girls: A single blinded randomised controlled trial","authors":"Afsha Parveen ,&nbsp;Sheetal Kalra ,&nbsp;Supriya Awasthi ,&nbsp;Puneeta Ajmera ,&nbsp;Richa Hirendra Rai ,&nbsp;Mohammad Miraj ,&nbsp;Sonia Pawaria ,&nbsp;Sajjan Pal ,&nbsp;Neha Naagar","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pilates, a low-to-moderate intensity workout provides an alternative to traditional methods that stimulate both the mind and the body. Adolescent girls often experience sub optimal sleep quality, especially on school days, posing significant health risks. This study aims to investigate the effects of Pilates on the sleep quality of adolescent females.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial was conducted at a Physiotherapy OPD. Eligible adolescent girls (aged 10–19) with PSQI scores exceeding 5 were enrolled. Sixty participants were allocated each to Group A (Control) or Group B (Mat Pilates) via convenience sampling. Parental consent and participant assent were obtained. Group A maintained daily activities with ergonomic exercises, while Group B underwent Mat Pilates training three times weekly for eight weeks. Data were collected at baseline, at the end of 4th and 8th week.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Between-group analysis at the 4th and 8th weeks showed significant differences. Post hoc analysis with Bonferroni adjustment revealed notable improvements from baseline to both time points (p &lt; 0.05). The experimental group achieved a 45.14 % greater reduction in Global PSQI score compared to the control group, indicating significant improvements in sleep quality. The experimental group also showed a substantial 53.39 % improvement in sleep duration and a significant 65 % reduction in sleep latency, outperforming the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals promising improvements in sleep quality, highlighting the potential benefits of Pilates for this demographic. This can be a valuable approach to enhancing sleep quality among adolescent girls, potentially contributing to their overall health and life quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002884/pdfft?md5=1864f6e53f75baa53cf03e8b180a4d42&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002884-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuro-musculoskeletal side effects related to COVID-19 vaccines; A cross sectional study in Iranian healthcare workers","authors":"Masoumeh ZoghAli ,&nbsp;Fateme Hojjati ,&nbsp;Maryam Sadat Mirenayat ,&nbsp;Seyed Mansoor Rayegani","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate neuro-musculoskeletal adverse events related to COVID-19 vaccines in Iranian healthcare workers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional survey, a questionnaire was used, including patients’ demographic information, vaccination information, and local, flu-like, and neuro-musculoskeletal side effects of vaccines. All data were extracted and analyzed by SPSS ver.24.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 500 healthcare workers (381 females, and 119 males), with a Mean ± SD age of 38.06 ± 9.22 years old were recruited; 341 subjects (68.2 %) were vaccinated by Sputnik-V vaccine, 95 subjects (19 %) with AstraZeneca, 40 subjects (8 %) with Sinopharm, and 24 (4.8 %) with Baharat COVID-19 vaccine. Out of 500 participants, COVID-19 vaccines' side effects were reported in 428 subjects (85.6 %) including 339 subjects (67.8 %) with local side effects, 342 subjects (68.4 %) subjects with flu-like side effects, 66 subjects (13.2 %) with neurologic, and 291 subjects (58.2 %) with musculoskeletal side effects. Local pain (67.6 %), fatigue (61.2 %), generalized pain (47.8 %), headache (38.8), upper and lower myalgia (44 %, 36 %), and low back pain (26.8 %) were the most common side effects reported by COVID-19 vaccine recipients. There were significant associations between neuro-musculoskeletal side effects with patients’ sex (P = 0.001), categorized age (less and more than 40 years., P = 0.002), and COVID-19 vaccine types (P &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among all the neurological and musculoskeletal side effects, upper limb paresthesia, and upper limb myalgia alongside low back pain were the most frequent respectively. No serious side effects requiring medical attention or hospitalization were reported by participants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engagement in healthcare decision-making and associated factors among patients with chronic non-communicable diseases in Southwest Ethiopia, 2023","authors":"Sadik Abdulwehab ,&nbsp;Yeshitila Belay ,&nbsp;Frezer Kedir ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Yimam ,&nbsp;Admasu Belay","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic Non-communicable diseases require lifelong care involving patients, families, a team of their care providers, and significant others. Additionally, engaging patients in their healthcare decision-making is crucial for achieving better clinical outcomes. This study aimed to assess patients' engagement in healthcare decision-making and associated factors among adults with chronic non-communicable diseases in Southwest Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study design was used among 422 participants at the public hospital of Jimma town. Study participants were consecutively recruited from May 01 to June 01, 2023. A structured Patient Activation Measure was used to measure patient engagement in healthcare decision-making. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis describe the association between dependent and independent variables.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>A total of 422 patients with chronic diseases participated in the study yielding a response rate of 99.3 %. Slightly greater than one-third (35.8 % (95 % CI: 31.19, 40.41)) of participants in The study area had a high engagement in healthcare decision-making. Residence (Odd ratio 0.27; 95 % confidence interval 0.137–0.534), educational level(Odd ratio 0.168; 95 % confidence interval 0.064–0.443), access to information materials(Odd ratio 0.226; 95 % confidence interval 0.112–0.458), duration(Odd ratio 3.864; 95 % confidence interval 2.083–7.169), health literacy(Odd ratio 1.192; 95 % confidence interval 1.111–1.28), and preference for autonomy(Odd ratio 1.097; 95 % confidence interval 1.058–1.136) were factors statistically associated with patient engagement in healthcare decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>One-third of study participants reported high engagement in healthcare decision-making. Thus, healthcare providers should pay attention to patients with low educational levels, who do not have access to information materials, low health literacy levels, and their preference for autonomy to engage them in their healthcare decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002896/pdfft?md5=3e530c124ad567b0f25bda4afddb9196&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002896-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the mucolytic effectiveness of Ambroxol and N-Acetylcysteine in patients with Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Aswin A. Anil ,&nbsp;Devendu Rajesh ,&nbsp;Aishwarya Laxmi Krishnan ,&nbsp;Ciciliya Arun ,&nbsp;Rosemary Thomas ,&nbsp;Prashant Chandra ,&nbsp;Nithya Haridas","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third most fatal disease globally. Acute deterioration of the patient's respiratory symptoms is known as an acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), that goes beyond usual variations and result in change in medications. Ambroxol (ABX) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), are mainly used as mucolytics in the treatment of AECOPD.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>This prospective observational study examines effectiveness of ABX and NAC in COPD patients by assessing the quality of cough relief, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), length of hospital stay, quality of life (QOL) and reduction in symptoms of COPD. Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ); Breathlessness, Cough and Sputum scale (BCSS)and St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scales are used to evaluate patient condition before and after the treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean duration of hospital stay for NAC and ABX were found to be 8 ± 3.6 and 9.9 ± 3.9 days, respectively. Lung function in both groups improved with a change in percentage mean score of PEFR. Reduction in symptoms of COPD was evident in both groups by decrease in mean BCSS score from admission to discharge. Our study also demonstrated better QOL in both groups using SGRQ. LCQ showed a mean increase in all domains: physical, psychological and social.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It was concluded that both ABX and NAC leads to betterment in lung function, cough relief and control AECOPD. Hence, this study gives a signal to clinicians about these treatment options along with standard therapy of COPD for a better therapeutic outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002860/pdfft?md5=f8e8d64ccf52e8f450f1f4c7c1885f56&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002860-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of resident physicians satisfaction on residency training in Southwest China:A cross-sectional study","authors":"Lulin Chen ,&nbsp;Yanting Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Chinese Resident Physician Standardized Training has been established to enhance medical training standards and physician capabilities since 2014. Studies indicate high rates of depression and low satisfaction among resident physicians, underscoring the need for surveys to inform policy and enhance their well-being. This study aimed to investigate the satisfaction of resident trainees in southwest China.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 2024 to March 2024 in 5 hospitals from 3 cities in southwest China, using convenience sampling to collect data from residents through a self-administered online questionnaire. The data including demographics, training perspectives, and suggestions was analyzed using SPSS 25.0 with Ordinal Logistic regression to identify factors influencing satisfaction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The survey yielded 484 valid responses from 547 collected questionnaires, with an effective rate of 88.48 %. Participants were predominantly first-year residents, female, aged 26–30, and specialized in internal medicine, surgery, general medicine, and medical technology. The majority (78.93 %) expressed overall satisfaction with their residency training, but income satisfaction was lower at 64.05 %. Gender and neutral responses to certain aspects of training as predictors of dissatisfaction, including the training organized by the teaching management department, the training environment, the importance attached to residency training and the program's usefulness for future clinical work. Open-ended feedback from trainees highlighted the need for increased income, improved clinical training, and reduced workload.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study found 78.93 % of residents satisfied with their training programs. Female residents and those with neutral views or income dissatisfaction were less satisfied. Increasing income, improving clinical training, and reducing workload could further boost satisfaction and program quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002999/pdfft?md5=b32218cefcacfa0aaa6e9bce4b1358c8&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002999-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Situational assessment of age of suspicion, diagnosis, and intervention of hearing loss in pediatric population in India and factors that influence them","authors":"C.P. Indira,&nbsp;Sandeep Maruthy","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In the absence of newborn hearing screening, identification of childhood hearing loss is primarily mediated by parents’ help-seeking behaviour. This study attempted to measure the variables age of suspicion, diagnosis, and intervention of congenital hearing loss in India in a large cohort to verify the efficiency of this approach. It aimed to study the influence of parental perceived awareness, accessibility, and affordability on these milestones.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data were collected through a survey method of research using a pre-developed questionnaire as the instrument. The study involved 384 parents of children with hearing loss receiving hearing healthcare services from various healthcare institutions and clinics in Karnataka, India.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of suspicion, diagnosis, and intervention of hearing loss after data analysis were 18.6, 25.0, and 30.6 months, respectively. Earlier parental suspicion of hearing loss was associated with earlier diagnosis and intervention in the child. While less than 4 % of the cohort was diagnosed before three months, less than 1 % received intervention within six months of age. Lack of awareness, accessibility, and affordability significantly delayed these milestones. Among the participants, 15.03 % had experienced at least one of the three barriers (lack of awareness, accessibility, and affordability), whereas 35.28 % had reported two barriers, and 41.71 % had reported all three barriers for their help-seeking behavior.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Relying on parental help-seeking behaviour cannot result in early identification and intervention required for optimum pediatric hearing healthcare. India should implement comprehensive early hearing detection and intervention program that includes universal newborn hearing screening and addresses awareness, accessibility, and affordability of hearing healthcare services as critical components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002987/pdfft?md5=035640ae68dd6fa318a4663b6fe7ff0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002987-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with ABO blood group type among pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension in Northwest Ethiopia: A comparative study","authors":"Haymanot Tewabe ,&nbsp;Abebe Yenesew ,&nbsp;Asaye Mitiku","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a form of diabetes occurring during pregnancy in non-diabetic women, can lead to complications such as preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, and cesarean section delivery. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of GDM and its association with blood group type among pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension in Northwest Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia from December 2021 to April 2022, involving 240 pregnant women. Convenience sampling was used to select 120 women diagnosed with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and 120 women without PIH. Data on demographics, dietary habits, and BMI were collected using a structured questionnaire, and blood samples were analyzed for glucose levels. Statistical analysis was performed with a 95 % confidence interval.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the total of 240 pregnant women included in the study, 16.25 % (95 % CI: 18.3–34.6) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. Of these, 12.9 % had pregnancy-induced hypertension, while 3.35 % did not have pregnancy-induced hypertension. Several risk factors were identified for the development of GDM, including a BMI greater than 25 kg/m2, rural residence, family history of diabetes, previous history of GDM, blood types AB and O, and Rh positive.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study findings demonstrate a significantly higher incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension (25.8 %) compared to those without pregnancy-induced hypertension (6.7 %). These results highlight the importance of considering blood group type and other identified risk factors in assessing the risk and management of GDM in pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002859/pdfft?md5=862e825a2496ff94285029a1daeece64&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002859-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switching pattern of healthcare services and its determinants among patients with communicable and non-communicable diseases in India","authors":"Ajit Kumar Jaiswal ,&nbsp;Manoj Alagarajan ,&nbsp;Mrinmoy Pratim Bharadwaz ,&nbsp;Shoummo Sen Gupta ,&nbsp;Pravin Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The current study investigates the switching behaviour and patterns among patients in India, particularly in the context of various ailments such as Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), Communicable Diseases (CDs), and other health issues. To evaluate people's behaviour towards accessing healthcare facilities in public and private healthcare providers separately for CDs, NCDs, and other ailments.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>The study design is observational and cross-sectional. The study included data from NSS 71st, NSS 75th, and LASI wave-1 datasets, which provide information on the incidence of switching behaviour among patients with different types of ailments.</div></div><div><h3>Statistical analysis used</h3><div>The Binary logistic regression analysis has been used to examine the determinants of switching behaviour in usage of healthcare facilities. Prevalence estimates were exhibited using weighted % and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). P values &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Present study revealed that patients' behaviour in accessing healthcare facilities is influenced by a multitude of factors, including the nature of their ailment, socio-economic status, education, and regional disparities. Notably, patients suffering from NCDs exhibit a higher propensity for switching between public and private healthcare services, with a preference for the latter. The study found that among patients who were paying for special types of wards, there were significantly lower odds of switching behaviour.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The research highlights the nuanced dynamics of healthcare service utilization in India and underscores the need for tailored strategies to address the specific challenges posed by NCDs and communicable diseases while ensuring equitable and accessible healthcare services for all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and risk factors of Trichomonas vaginalis infection with relevance to interleukin profile among population in Duhok city, Iraq","authors":"Manal Adil Murad ,&nbsp;Shereen Abdullah Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Alaa Yousif Mahmood","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Vaginal trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease causes adverse health outcomes, the causative agent is Tichomonas vaginalis. Infected women develop abnormal vaginal discharge with vaginitis. While, men mostly suffer from prostatitis and urethritis.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to detect the rate of T.vaginalis infection in association with risk factors, measurement of blood parameters, interleukine-2 (IL-2) and interleukine-8(IL-8) levels among individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 500 females were tested, a vaginal swab and blood were collected from the participants, and they were within the age range of 18–70 years old. High vaginal swabs were examined microscopically using wet mount preparation, the blood used for measurement of blood parameters using coulter count machine and IL-2 and IL-8 levels were evaluated using ELISA technique.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 500 individuals, the prevalence of <em>T. vaginalis</em> infection was 45(9.0 %). The maximum infection rates were reported among age group (18–28) years, rural residents, illiterates, married women (16.7 %), (15.9 %),(30.0 %),(11.7 %),respectively. Moreover, high positivity of infection revealed among low economical level 12.5 % compared to only 1.7 % in high economy group. Unemployed women, those with bad vaginal hygiene showed high incidence of infection 10.5 % and 6.3 %, respectively. It was noted a significant decrease in red blood cells and hemoglobin concentration, however, there was a significantly increased in white blood cells among infected subjects. Furthermore, the levels of both interleukin-2 and interleukin-8 were significantly higher among infected individuals compared to healthy ones.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Effective strategies for disease awareness are needed and should include health promotion, education, and prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 101784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002811/pdfft?md5=4f3c21f137ea0b29d84718f46ed1dafb&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002811-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}