Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health最新文献

{"title":"The significance of delivery methods and fetal gender in reducing stillbirth rate: Using the generalized regression model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Despite stillbirth being a significant burden for maternal lives, families, and communities worldwide, it is often neglected and overlooked in many countries. The fetal gender and the delivery method are two interaction factors that directly impact the stillbirth rate. This study aimed to identify the impact of fetal gender on stillbirth delivery methods, either cesarean section or vaginal delivery.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The current research analyzed the stillbirths recorded over ten years between January 1st, 2008, and December 31st, 2017, obtained from the Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil City, the capital of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that stillbirths remain a significant public health concern in the region, with 11.7 stillbirths occurring for every 1000 deliveries. The generalized regression model for each normal, beta, and gamma distribution was used to determine the best fit of the data. The study found that for fetal males, vaginal delivery reduced the stillbirth rate by 4.2 % and the cesarean section rate by 3.6 % while for fetal females, vaginal delivery reduced the stillbirth rate by 4.7 % and the cesarean section rate by 6 %.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings suggest that healthcare in the region should prioritize reducing the incidence of stillbirths during pregnancy and delivery, considering factors such as fetal gender and delivery mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002069/pdfft?md5=31006b5e9e5423afc92bee2e559d365a&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of peanut ball intervention on childbirth experiences, maternal satisfaction and behavioural responses among pregnant mothers: A randomised control trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>A positive childbirth experience and satisfaction are the key indicators defining the quality of care pregnant mothers receive in a healthcare institution. Therefore, researchers have sought multiple strategies to improve childbirth experience and maternal satisfaction. In light of this background, the current research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of peanut ball intervention in improving maternal satisfaction and promoting positive childbirth experiences and behavioural responses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The current research employed a randomised control trial in which 768 low-risk primigravid women were recruited into two groups: treatment (n = 384) and control (n = 384). A comparative evaluation of the outcomes was carried out between the peanut ball intervention provided to the treatment group and the standard care provided to the control group. Data was collected using an observation checklist for behavioural response and a questionnaire for childbirth experience and maternal satisfaction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study revealed a significant mean score difference in behavioural response, childbirth experience and maternal satisfaction, indicating the effectiveness of the peanut ball intervention in improving these outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The peanut ball intervention can effectively improve positive behavioural response, childbirth experience and maternal satisfaction among low-risk primigravid women. The current study provides insight into healthcare providers' consideration of the peanut ball intervention among pregnant mothers as a safe and comfortable method of childbirth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002082/pdfft?md5=b523ecb01e26f428d70f520a558181c1&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemolytic uremic syndrome in children: Clinical characteristics and predictors of outcome","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) occurring in children.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To study the clinico-laboratory profile and identify the potential outcome predictors in children with hemolytic uremic syndrome.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary center in South India. Children diagnosed with HUS during the study period of 10 years were included. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory details, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Predictors of mortality were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 44 children with HUS, 14 (31.8 %) children were diagnosed with D + HUS while 30 had D-HUS. The median age at diagnosis was 6.3 years. Male preponderance (55.9 %) was observed. Presenting symptoms included oliguria in 36 (86.4 %), followed by fever, observed in 34 (77.3 %). 12 (27.2 %) children had anuria. Seizures and altered sensorium were present in 12 (27.35) and 16 (36.4 %) children respectively. Hypertension was observed in 33 (75 %) children. Plasmapheresis was performed in 18 (13.6 %) children. 17 (38.6 %) children underwent hemodialysis, and 7 (15.9 %) underwent peritoneal dialysis. The median duration of hospital stay was 18 (9.7, 27.7) days. Complications observed during the study were CNS involvement was seen in 16 (36.4 %) children, while coagulopathy was observed in 3 (6.8 %) children. Mortality was observed in 16 children (36.4 %). Anuria at admission was more prevalent in non-survivors (10 out of 16 children; p 0.003). The median albumin and C3 levels were significantly low in non-survivors (p-value &lt;0.001 and 0.008 respectively). A total leucocyte count &gt;15,000 X 10⁹ cells/L was independently associated with mortality even after adjustment with duration of symptoms before diagnosis &gt;10 days and low C3 levels (adjusted OR [95 % CI]: 1.12 [1.02, 1.92] (p-value 0.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Hypoalbuminemia and hypocomplementemia were observed in higher proportions among non-survivors. Elevated leucocyte count at admission was an independent predictor of mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002112/pdfft?md5=c2b86b892d8452c91b49de2db7a285b1&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002112-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of data use for programmatic evidence-based decision making at peripheral public health care centres in Haryana, India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Health policies and programs in India are put into practice at the local level, where the frontline managers -Medical Officers in Charges (MOICs) use data for evidence-based decision-making (EBDM) and implementing these programs. However, there are various organizational, technical, and individual determinants that can impact data use. The study aims to recognize the determinants of data-driven decision-making at the grassroots level.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The cross-sectional study collected primary empirical data from 120 MOICs from six identified districts in Haryana, India<strong>.</strong> Data utilization was the variable of interest and was measured through Data Utilization Score (DUS). Determinants affecting DUS were extracted through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to identify predictors of data utilization from the extracted factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>MOICs used routine data to plan, implement, manage, and monitor health programs, and administrative activities. Actual skill for data usage (65 %) was less than the anticipated skill (82 %). Twenty-seven reliable organizational, technical, and individual factors were generated from the 154 variables explaining 57.7 %–68 % of the total variance. Regression analysis showed that management meetings with superiors/subordinates, data-conducive and promotive culture, perceived data quality, incentivization, basic software knowledge/skills, and training needs were among the most significant predictors of data usage.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although a disparity exists between the expected and actual data utilization skills of MOICs, still data-based decisions can be enhanced by effective management meetings, fostering a robust data culture, prioritizing skill development, and incentivizing data use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002094/pdfft?md5=50fc42d7ae8bd976d522a2671271f71f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002094-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview: Implementation and core elements of antimicrobial stewardship programme","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme (ASP) is an organizational or system-wide health-care strategy that promotes optimal antibiotic use through the implementation of evidence-based interventions. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) issued the ASP guidelines in 2018, that are applicable for reducing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) effects. In comparison with older children, neonates receive broad spectrum antimicrobials more frequently. As neonates are having high risk of morbidity and mortality, so they are more susceptible to early upgradation of antibiotic. Antimicrobial use in terms of daily dose, cost, and treatment days, antimicrobial adverse events, resistance tendencies, intervention, and monitoring can all be utilized to assess an ASP's progress. An effective antimicrobial stewardship programme requires the presence of at least one infectious diseases-trained physician who devotes a portion of their time to the program's design, implementation, and operation. A pharmacist's most critical duties and responsibilities include developing, reviewing, and implementing antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) guidelines and policies, providing clinical guidance to optimise antimicrobial prescribing and usage, monitoring, auditing, and providing feedback. Clinical microbiology services are an essential component of successful AMS systems. Challenges in implementing Stewardship program are competition among doctors, absence of champion, utility value of an antibiogram, poor enforcement of regulations, time constraints, lack of inter-departmental co-ordination, minimal supporting facilities. A combination of particular antibodies, organism-specific bacteriophages, and small molecules might be used in future therapies that inhibit specific virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance-fighting drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424000393/pdfft?md5=801e1694db9e3a7d82b43a33ec7dfff9&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424000393-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing meconium-stained amniotic fluid in West Guji, Oromia, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Meconium-stained amniotic fluid is an obstetric problem that occurs when a baby passes their first stool into the amniotic fluid before childbirth. It can indicate that the infant is under stress while the mother is giving birth. In addition to increasing the mother's risk of morbidity, meconium-stained amniotic fluid is linked to poor neonatal outcomes such as stillbirth, neonatal death, and meconium aspiration syndrome. However, there is currently little data on this issue. Therefore, the research aimed to determine the percentage of meconium-stained amniotic fluid and the contributing factors among women who gave birth at West Guji hospitals in Oromia, Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We surveyed 314 systematically selected women who gave birth between June 1st and July 30th, 2022. We collected information from their medical records and interviewed them. To code and enter the collected data, Epi Data version 4.6 was utilized. For both descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis, SPSS version 25 was used. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05, a 95 % confidence interval, and an adjusted odd ratio.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the current study, out of 314, 99 (29.4 %, 95 % CI = 24.6–34.6) women have meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Obstetric factors like premature rupture of membranes (AOR = 3.24, 95 % CI = 1.79–5.88), pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR = 5.08, 95 % CI = 2.76–9.35), and non-reassuring fetal heart rate (AOR = 2.96, 95 % CI = 1.27–6.91) influenced meconium-stained amniotic fluid.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of the current study emphasize the significance of close observation to identify possible signs of fetal distress during pregnancy and delivery. To protect the baby's health, pregnant women who have an early rupture of the membranes, high blood pressure, or a non-reassuring fetal heart rate should be closely observed. Early identification of these factors can help health care providers take steps to prevent or minimize complications related to meconium-stained amniotic fluid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424001659/pdfft?md5=068d2db2f0e9fe2d34462a1b25ed8537&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424001659-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspiration pneumonia among stroke patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Addisu Getie ,&nbsp;Manay Ayalneh ,&nbsp;Melaku Bimerew ,&nbsp;Adam Wondmieneh","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>One of the main complications for stroke patients is aspiration pneumonia, which is an acute lung infection brought on by the entry of endogenous flora and various bodily substances from the gastrointestinal tract into the respiratory system. Aspiration pneumonia following a stroke was linked to older age, gender, dysarthria, denture use, cerebral atrophy, and basal ganglia-infarcted foci. Despite improvements in care, the epidemiological and prognostic effects of pneumonia associated with stroke are increasing mortality and morbidity.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the pooled prevalence of aspiration pneumonia among stroke patients in Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Several databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, African Journals Online (AJOL), grey literature, and articles from the repository of Ethiopian universities, were examined to find available articles. The data were extracted and sorted in Microsoft Excel and exported to STATA/MP 17.0 for analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) was employed to assess each study's qualities. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model with a 95 % confidence interval was used to examine the pooled prevalence of aspiration pneumonia. The Galbraith plot and funnel plot were used to evaluate heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. To identify the possible cause of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The pooled prevalence of aspiration pneumonia among stroke patients in Ethiopia was 31.65 % (95 % CI: 25.30–38.01). Visual examination of the Galbraith plot reveals the presence of significant heterogeneity (I² = 96.55 %, p &lt; 0.001). Studies conducted in Addis Ababa and Harar revealed the highest prevalence of aspiration pneumonia: 37.67 % (95 % CI: 31.56, 43.78). Similarly, articles carried out before 2020 and studies done using cross-sectional study design revealed the highest proportion of aspiration pneumonia: 32.97 % (95 % CI: 24.96, 40.98) and 36.75 (95 % CI: 32.11, 41.38), respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Nearly one-third of stroke patients developed aspiration pneumonia. The highest prevalence was reported in Addis Ababa and Harar regions. As a result, early detection, treatment, and control of stroke are advisable to prevent the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002033/pdfft?md5=88dff2a3a0048d05b52ede66d528e6a9&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002033-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary healthcare knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the personnel of a secondary hospital in Acapulco, Mexico","authors":"Carlos Alberto Juarez-Medel ,&nbsp;Rosbel Toledo-Ortiz ,&nbsp;Jessica Margarita Gonzalez-Rojas ,&nbsp;Malu Aidee Reyna-Alvarez ,&nbsp;Martha Patricia Olivares-Trejo ,&nbsp;Socorro Arriaga-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Víctor Manuel Alvarado-Castro ,&nbsp;Fanny Esteves-Garcia ,&nbsp;Alfonso Davalos-Martinez ,&nbsp;Ana Jenifer Ines Diego-Galeana ,&nbsp;Alejandro Adan Ayala-Amaro ,&nbsp;Cesar Alejando Arce-Salinas ,&nbsp;Cesar Raul Gonzalez-Bonilla","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The Health Institute for Well-being (INSABI) in Mexico offers an online course on Primary Health Care (PHC) that contributes to the implementation of the Model of Health Care for Well-Being (MAS-Bienestar). This study, conducted in a general hospital in the highly populated area of Acapulco in the state of Guerrero on the southwestern coast of Mexico, provides a unique perspective on PHC implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Objetive</h3><p>To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding PHC in the healthcare personnel of a secondary hospital in Mexico.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A self-administered KAP questionnaire was used in a cross-sectional study involving 200 health-care workers at the Hospital General Renacimiento.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean knowledge score was 6.58 (SD = 1.7), and 59 % of participants (n = 117) had a score above the mean, while the mean practice score was 5.96 (SD = 1.38) and 34 % of the participants (n = 68) were above the mean. The final multiple linear regression model showed that time working in the hospital and having previously been trained in PHC were significant factors for knowledge. At the same time, gender was substantial for practices, with females scoring significantly lower on this dimension. After attitude was dichotomized into positive and negative, a binary logistic regression model showed that positive attitudes were associated with taking the PHC course.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While most of the participants had positive KAP to PHC, there was a general notion that PHC only involved healthcare workers at the first level. Training in PHC is essential to improving the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare personnel.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424001556/pdfft?md5=728a30f4627852e1ae379e37c5459e7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424001556-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The proportion of obstetric anal sphincter injuries and associated factors among mothers who gave birth vaginally at Habru Woreda public health institutions, Amhara region, Northeast, Ethiopia, 2022","authors":"Belyu Yehualashet Weldearegay ,&nbsp;Simegnew Asmer Getie ,&nbsp;Sewareg Mulu sewalem ,&nbsp;Bizualem Tadesse Kemaw ,&nbsp;Birhan Ambachew Taye","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Perineal tear is a common complication of vaginal delivery. This study aimed to assess the proportion of obstetric anal sphincter injuries and associated factors among mothers who gave birth vaginally at Habru Woreda public health institutions, Amhara region, Northeast Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August to September 2022, with 600 participants recruited through a multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews, observations, clinical examinations, and patient chart reviews. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify statistically significant variables, with an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) used to declare significance at p &lt; 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The proportion of obstetric anal sphincter injuries was 3.0 %(18/600), with (95 % CI: 1.7–4.3). Factors significantly associated with these injuries included antenatal care attendance (AOR: 0.13, 95 % CI: 0.03–0.47), fundal pressure (AOR: 4.71, 95 % CI: 1.29–17.10), perineal support (AOR: 0.12, 95 % CI: 0.03–0.43), head circumference ≥36 cm (AOR: 4.81, 95 % CI: 1.39–16.65), and age at marriage &lt;18 years (AOR: 4.25, 95 % CI: 1.11–16.24).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The proportion of obstetric anal sphincter injuries was low, and the associated factors included fundal pressure, large fetal head circumference, and early marriage, while antenatal care attendance and perineal support were protective factors. Recommendations include reducing perineal tears by supporting the perineum, avoiding fundal pressure, detecting large fetal heads early, discouraging early marriage, and promoting regular antenatal care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424002057/pdfft?md5=8249bdd1c8a3513d928a4a0aef7b51b0&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424002057-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience of nurses in Caring for patients with COVID-19: A descriptive qualitative study","authors":"Asha P. Shetty ,&nbsp;Shree Mishra ,&nbsp;Rakesh V. Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Mahalingam Venkatesan ,&nbsp;Vishnu Renjith","doi":"10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a significant impact on nursing practice. Managing a wide range of patients, with those ranging from mild infection to those with critical illness requiring mechanical ventilation, posed unprecedent challenges to nurses.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The aim of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of nurses in caring for patients with COVID-19. We adopted a qualitative descriptive design to study the experiences of nurses regarding the management of patients with COVID-19. The study was conducted among ten nurses who were involved in the care of COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital in south-east India. The data were analyzed using the Braun and Clarke thematic analysis method.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study participants consisted of 8 female and 2 male nurses and were in the age group of 22–31 years. Five major themes emerged during data analysis. The themes were 1. personal problems, 2. challenges in the work environment, 3. professional preparedness, 4. support systems and 5. satisfaction with patient care.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the lives of nurses. Nurses faced a plethora of problems and challenges while taking care of people with COVID-19. Nurses experienced personal problems, including fear of contracting illness and social stigma. There were various challenges in the work environment, such as difficulties in using personal protective equipment. The other major themes were professional preparedness, support systems and satisfaction with patient care. It is essential to acknowledge that continuous training is essential and that adequate provision of facilities can enhance the morale of nurses, resulting in better job satisfaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46404,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213398424001921/pdfft?md5=2da1a3719fd47f810b5adc9cd197f92c&pid=1-s2.0-S2213398424001921-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141480932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}