Prevalence of tuberculosis infection in immunological-competent prison inmates using Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) in a central jail of Assam, India

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Reema Nath , Tulika Goswami Mahanta , Nabanita Nirmolia , Gargi Choudhury , Mandira Chetri , Gourangie Gogoi , Ravi Baruah
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tuberculosis, the leading cause of death among infectious origin, globally causes disease to more than 10 million people each year. Available estimates indicate a higher prevalence amongst vulnerable populations.

Aim and objectives

To estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis infection among immunological-competent prison inmates using Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) in a Central Jail of Assam, India, and to assess knowledge and practice related to tuberculosis infection, mode of transmission, and measures to prevent it.

Methods

An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among immunological-competent-prison inmates of a Central Jail of Assam. The sample size was 220; calculated using nMaster software. Socio-demographic, environmental, anthropometric, behavioral, dietary, and knowledge were assessed. Interferon Gamma Release Assay test to detect Tuberculosis infection was done and all symptomatic were tested by NAAT (Nucleic Acid Amplification Test). Statistical analysis included univariate analysis, with Chi-square tests (or Fischer's Exact Test for small sample sizes) used to assess the association between categorical variables.

Results

Tuberculosis infection was found in 24.2 %, while 71.2 % were negative and 4.6 % were indeterminate. History of Tuberculosis was present in 10.8 % (24) of which 37.5 % (9) had pulmonary Tuberculosis. Behavioral risk factors like current smoking were found among 33.8 % (75) while alcohol consumption was 63.1 % (140). Co-morbidity like diabetes [7 (3.2 %)], HIV/AIDs [1.4 % (3)], hepatitis B along with HIV [1 (0.5 %)] was present. Most participants [178 (80.2 %)] had ever heard of tuberculosis, while 53.6 % did not know how TB is transmitted. Anthropometric examination revealed the average body mass index as 21.82 ± 3.87 and the majority were on deficient diet.

Conclusion

Ongoing tuberculosis infection among prison inmate suggest implementation of different preventive strategies in prison like increasing awareness programs, regular screening, dietary improvement, environmental measures and better health care service provisions.
使用干扰素γ释放测定(IGRA)在印度阿萨姆邦中央监狱的免疫能力的监狱囚犯肺结核感染的流行
摘要结核病是传染性疾病中导致死亡的主要原因,全球每年有超过1000万人患病。现有的估计表明,在脆弱人群中发病率较高。目的和目的利用干扰素γ释放法(IGRA)估计印度阿萨姆邦中央监狱中具有免疫能力的囚犯中结核病感染的患病率,并评估与结核病感染、传播方式和预防措施相关的知识和实践。方法对阿萨姆邦中央监狱的免疫能力囚犯进行了一项分析性横断面研究。样本量为220人;使用nMaster软件计算。对社会人口、环境、人体测量、行为、饮食和知识进行了评估。采用干扰素γ释放试验检测结核感染,并采用NAAT(核酸扩增试验)检测所有症状。统计分析包括单变量分析,使用卡方检验(或小样本量的费舍尔精确检验)来评估分类变量之间的关联。结果结核感染检出率为24.2%,阴性71.2%,不确定4.6%。10.8%(24人)有结核病史,其中37.5%(9人)有肺结核。行为风险因素如吸烟占33.8%(75人),而饮酒占63.1%(140人)。糖尿病[7例(3.2%)]、艾滋病毒/艾滋病[1.4%(3)]、乙型肝炎合并艾滋病毒[1例(0.5%)]等共发病。大多数参与者[178人(80.2%)]曾经听说过结核病,而53.6%的人不知道结核病是如何传播的。人体测量结果显示,平均体质指数为21.82±3.87,以饮食不足为主。结论监狱在押人员结核病感染现状表明,监狱应采取不同的预防措施,如加强宣传、定期筛查、改善饮食、采取环境措施和提供更好的卫生保健服务。
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来源期刊
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
7.70%
发文量
218
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.
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