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Microalgae-based biodiesel: integrating AI, CRISPR and nanotechnology for sustainable biofuel development. 基于微藻的生物柴油：整合人工智能、CRISPR和纳米技术用于可持续生物燃料开发。
IF 3.3
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20240004
Fariha Kanwal, Ambreen Aslam, Angel A J Torriero
{"title":"Microalgae-based biodiesel: integrating AI, CRISPR and nanotechnology for sustainable biofuel development.","authors":"Fariha Kanwal, Ambreen Aslam, Angel A J Torriero","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20240004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/ETLS20240004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microalgae are a promising feedstock for biodiesel due to their rapid growth, high lipid content and ability to use non-arable land and wastewater. This review synthesises recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)-driven strain optimisation, engineering, nanotechnology-assisted processing, and life cycle and technoeconomic insights to evaluate pathways for industrialisation. Over the past decade (2015-2024), genetic engineering and, more recently, AI-guided strain selection have improved lipid productivity by up to 40%. Cultivation advances, including hybrid photobioreactor-open pond systems and precision pH/CO2 control, have enhanced biomass yields while reducing costs. Innovation in lipid extraction, such as supercritical CO2 and microwave-assisted methods, now achieves >90% yields with lower toxicity, while magnetic nanoparticle-assisted harvesting and electroflocculation have reduced energy inputs by 20-30%. Life cycle analyses (net energy ratio ~2.5) and integration of high-value co-products (e.g. pigments and proteins) underscore the need to align biological innovations with techno-economic feasibility. This review uniquely integrates advances in AI, CRISPR and nanotechnology with life cycle and techno-economic perspectives, providing a comprehensive framework that links laboratory-scale innovation to industrial feasibility and positions microalgal biodiesel as a viable contributor to global decarbonisation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microbial fuel cell centric nutrient rebalancing and recycling from human waste in space missions. 微生物燃料电池为中心的营养平衡和回收利用的人类废物在太空任务。
IF 3.3
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20240003
Daniela Zertuche Moreno, Aradhana Singh, Dibyojyoty Nath, Ioannis A Ieropoulos
{"title":"Microbial fuel cell centric nutrient rebalancing and recycling from human waste in space missions.","authors":"Daniela Zertuche Moreno, Aradhana Singh, Dibyojyoty Nath, Ioannis A Ieropoulos","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20240003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/ETLS20240003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efficient human waste management and hygiene maintenance are vital for long-duration space missions. By using bioelectrochemical systems, specifically microbial fuel cells (MFCs) combined with hydroponics, human waste can potentially be converted into a valuable commodity. Recent advancements in MFCs indicate a significant potential for generating electricity (1-2 mW/single MFC/ml of urine) and biofertilisers concurrently from urine and sewage while suppressing human pathogens that may be present. Integrating MFCs with hydroponics opens up the possibility to balance nutrients in human waste while growing vegetables in MFC-powered hydroponic systems, using only a small percentage of synthetic fertilisers, if deemed necessary. This is a concise perspective of the potential of MFCs for nutrient recycling from human waste and vegetable production that could enhance the self-sustainability of a spacecraft or mission.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of artificial intelligence on biomarker discovery. 人工智能对生物标志物发现的影响。
IF 3.3
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20243003
Hira Javaid, Constantin Cezar Petrescu, Lisa J Schmunk, Jack M Monahan, Paul O'Reilly, Manik Garg, Leona McGirr, Mahmoud T Khasawneh, Mustafa Al Lail, Deepak Ganta, Thomas M Stubbs, Benjamin B Sun, Dimitrios Vitsios, Daniel E Martin-Herranz
{"title":"The impact of artificial intelligence on biomarker discovery.","authors":"Hira Javaid, Constantin Cezar Petrescu, Lisa J Schmunk, Jack M Monahan, Paul O'Reilly, Manik Garg, Leona McGirr, Mahmoud T Khasawneh, Mustafa Al Lail, Deepak Ganta, Thomas M Stubbs, Benjamin B Sun, Dimitrios Vitsios, Daniel E Martin-Herranz","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20243003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/ETLS20243003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming many fields, including healthcare and medicine. In biomarker discovery, AI algorithms have had a profound impact, thanks to their ability to derive insights from complex high-dimensional datasets and integrate multi-modal datatypes (such as omics, electronic health records, imaging or sensor and wearable data). However, despite the proliferation of AI-powered biomarkers, significant hurdles still remain in translating them to the clinic and driving adoption, including lack of population diversity, difficulties accessing harmonised data, costly and time-consuming clinical studies, evolving AI regulatory frameworks and absence of scalable diagnostic infrastructure. Here, we provide an overview of the AI toolkit available for biomarker discovery, and we discuss exciting examples of AI-powered biomarkers across therapeutic areas. Finally, we address the challenges ahead of us to ensure that these technologies reach patients and users globally and unlock a new era of fast innovation for precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Artificial intelligence in precision medicine: transforming disease subtyping, medical imaging, and pharmacogenomics. 精准医学中的人工智能：转化疾病亚型、医学成像和药物基因组学。
IF 3.3
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20240011
Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez, Dilini Kothalawala, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco, Antonios Poulakakis-Daktylidis
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in precision medicine: transforming disease subtyping, medical imaging, and pharmacogenomics.","authors":"Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez, Dilini Kothalawala, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco, Antonios Poulakakis-Daktylidis","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20240011","DOIUrl":"10.1042/ETLS20240011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision medicine marks a transformative shift towards a patient-centric treatment approach, aiming to match 'the right patients with the right drugs at the right time'. The exponential growth of data from diverse omics modalities, electronic health records, and medical imaging has created unprecedented opportunities for precision medicine. This explosion of data requires advanced processing and analytical tools. At the forefront of this revolution is artificial intelligence (AI), which excels at uncovering hidden patterns within these high-dimensional and complex datasets. AI facilitates the integration and analysis of diverse data types, unlocking unparalleled potential to characterise complex diseases, improve prognosis, and predict treatment response. Despite the enormous potential of AI, challenges related to interpretability, reliability, generalisability, and ethical considerations emerge when translating these tools from research settings into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12493177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A case for community metadata standards in cryo-electron tomography. 低温电子断层成像中社区元数据标准的案例。
IF 3.4
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20240013
William Wan
{"title":"A case for community metadata standards in cryo-electron tomography.","authors":"William Wan","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20240013","DOIUrl":"10.1042/ETLS20240013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past decade, cryo-electron microscopy and single particle analysis (SPA) have quickly become key methods in structural biology. In particular, increased access to equipment and streamlined software has enabled new users to successfully carry out SPA projects. At the same time, cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has also made great technical strides, most notably with cellular cryo-ET. While many challenges remain, developments in hardware and automation have made cellular cryo-ET specimen preparation and data collection more accessible than ever. There is also a growing field of cryo-ET software developers, but the wide variety of biological specimens and scientific goals that can be pursued using cryo-ET makes it difficult to develop processing workflows analogous to those in SPA; this becomes a major barrier to entry for new users. In this perspective, I make a case that the development of standardized metadata can play a key role in reducing such barriers and allow for an ecosystem that enables new users to enter the field while retaining a diversity of processing approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular tags for electron cryo-tomography. 电子冷冻断层扫描的分子标签。
IF 3.4
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20240006
Emma Silvester, Lindsay A Baker
{"title":"Molecular tags for electron cryo-tomography.","authors":"Emma Silvester, Lindsay A Baker","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20240006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/ETLS20240006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electron cryotomography enables the direct visualisation of biological specimens without stains or fixation, revealing complex molecular landscapes at high resolution. However, identifying specific proteins within these crowded environments is challenging. Molecular tagging offers a promising solution by attaching visually distinctive markers to proteins of interest, differentiating them from the background. This review explores available tagging strategies, including gold nanoparticles, metal-binding proteins, nucleic acid nanostructures and protein-based tags. The identification and targeting strategies for each approach are discussed, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Future directions for advancing these tagging techniques to expand their applicability to broader research questions are also considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Copper management strategies in obligate bacterial symbionts: balancing cost and benefit. 强制性细菌共生体的铜管理策略：平衡成本与效益。
IF 3.8
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20230113
Alex Rivera-Millot, Luke B Harrison, Frédéric J Veyrier
{"title":"Copper management strategies in obligate bacterial symbionts: balancing cost and benefit.","authors":"Alex Rivera-Millot, Luke B Harrison, Frédéric J Veyrier","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20230113","DOIUrl":"10.1042/ETLS20230113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteria employ diverse mechanisms to manage toxic copper in their environments, and these evolutionary strategies can be divided into two main categories: accumulation and rationalization of metabolic pathways. The strategies employed depend on the bacteria's lifestyle and environmental context, optimizing the metabolic cost-benefit ratio. Environmental and opportunistically pathogenic bacteria often possess an extensive range of copper regulation systems in order to respond to variations in copper concentrations and environmental conditions, investing in diversity and/or redundancy as a safeguard against uncertainty. In contrast, obligate symbiotic bacteria, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Bordetella pertussis, tend to have specialized and more parsimonious copper regulation systems designed to function in the relatively stable host environment. These evolutionary strategies maintain copper homeostasis even in challenging conditions like encounters within phagocytic cells. These examples highlight the adaptability of bacterial copper management systems, tailored to their specific lifestyles and environmental requirements, in the context of an evolutionary the trade-off between benefits and energy costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metalloproteome plasticity - a factor in bacterial pathogen adaptive responses? 金属蛋白组可塑性--细菌病原体适应性反应的一个因素？
IF 3.8
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20230116
Alastair G McEwan
{"title":"Metalloproteome plasticity - a factor in bacterial pathogen adaptive responses?","authors":"Alastair G McEwan","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20230116","DOIUrl":"10.1042/ETLS20230116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Through homeostatic processes, bacterial cells maintain intracytoplasmic metal ions at concentrations which enable the 'correct' metal to be inserted into an enzyme, thereby ensuring function. However, fluctuations in intracytoplasmic metal ion concentrations mean that under different conditions certain enzymes may contain different metals at their active site. This perspective describes examples of such cases and suggests that metalloproteome plasticity may contribute to the dynamic adaptation of pathogens to stresses in the host environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The nitric oxide paradox: antimicrobial and inhibitor of antibiotic efficacy. 一氧化氮悖论:抗菌药物和抑制剂的抗生素疗效。
IF 3.8
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20230114
Calum M Webster, Mark Shepherd
{"title":"The nitric oxide paradox: antimicrobial and inhibitor of antibiotic efficacy.","authors":"Calum M Webster, Mark Shepherd","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20230114","DOIUrl":"10.1042/ETLS20230114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well-known that antibiotics target energy-consuming processes and a significant body of research now supports the conclusion that the metabolic state of bacteria can have a profound impact upon the efficacy of antibiotics. Several articles implicate bacterial energetics and the respiratory inhibitor nitric oxide (NO) in this process, although pinpointing the precise mechanism for how NO can diminish the potency of a range of antibiotics through modulating bacterial energy metabolism has proved challenging. Herein, we introduce the role of NO during infection, consider known links between NO and antibiotic efficacy, and discuss potential mechanisms via which NO present at the site of infection could mediate these effects through controlling bacterial energetics. This perspective article highlights an important relationship between NO and antibiotic action that has largely been overlooked and outlines future considerations for the development of new drugs and therapies that target bacterial energy metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136399667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bacterial acetate metabolism and its influence on human epithelia. 细菌的醋酸代谢及其对人体上皮细胞的影响
IF 3.8
Emerging Topics in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1042/ETLS20220092
Jennifer Hosmer, Alastair G McEwan, Ulrike Kappler
{"title":"Bacterial acetate metabolism and its influence on human epithelia.","authors":"Jennifer Hosmer, Alastair G McEwan, Ulrike Kappler","doi":"10.1042/ETLS20220092","DOIUrl":"10.1042/ETLS20220092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Short-chain fatty acids are known modulators of host-microbe interactions and can affect human health, inflammation, and outcomes of microbial infections. Acetate is the most abundant but least well-studied of these modulators, with most studies focusing on propionate and butyrate, which are considered to be more potent. In this mini-review, we summarize current knowledge of acetate as an important anti-inflammatory modulator of interactions between hosts and microorganisms. This includes a summary of the pathways by which acetate is metabolized by bacteria and human cells, the functions of acetate in bacterial cells, and the impact that microbially derived acetate has on human immune function.</p>","PeriodicalId":46394,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Topics in Life Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9210540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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