Tropical Cyclone Research and Review最新文献_第3页

Combined Effect of the Interdecadal PMM and ENSO on Tropical Cyclones Genesis in the Western North Pacific 年代际PMM和ENSO对北太平洋西部热带气旋形成的联合影响

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.008

Chunqiao Lin , Qilin Wan , Jianjun Xu , Guodong Ye , Jiahao Li , Luchi Song , Caiqin He , Xirui Xu , Lingli Fan

{"title":"Combined Effect of the Interdecadal PMM and ENSO on Tropical Cyclones Genesis in the Western North Pacific","authors":"Chunqiao Lin , Qilin Wan , Jianjun Xu , Guodong Ye , Jiahao Li , Luchi Song , Caiqin He , Xirui Xu , Lingli Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we analyze the differences in tropical cyclones (TCs) genesis characteristics under different combinations of the interdecadal Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and explores the possible influencing mechanisms through composite analysis, using IBTrACS v04 and ERA5 reanalysis data. Our results indicate that during the positive (negative) phase of interdecadal PMM, the emergence of El Niño events induces a northward (southward) shift in TC Mean Genesis Location (MGL), and La Niña events result in an eastward (westward) displacement of TC MGL. El Niño events with positive interdecadal PMM phase induce anomalous updrafts north of 20°N, with greater moisture at 700 hPa and smaller vertical wind shear anomalies, so that the TC MGL is more northerly compared to the negative interdecadal PMM phase. During La Niña events with positive interdecadal PMM phase, colder (warmer) sea surface temperature anomalies west of the Philippines (central Pacific) generate downdraft (updrafts) anomalies, and there is greater mid-tropospheric moisture and smaller vertical wind shear anomalies over the eastern WNP, resulting in a more easterly TC MGL than during the negative interdecadal PMM phase. It was also found that ENSO events occurring under interdecadal PMM influence TC generation through modulation of SST in the central Pacific Ocean.These results emphasize that different combined modes of interdecadal PMM and ENSO significantly influence TC genesis and highlight the need to consider the interdecadal PMM phase in future TC forecasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 296-306"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Communities' Conception of ‘Storm Surge’ and ‘Coastal Erosion’: Preference for Embankment 社区“风暴潮”和“海岸侵蚀”的概念：堤防的偏好

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.004

Biswanath Dash , Ajinder Walia

{"title":"Communities' Conception of ‘Storm Surge’ and ‘Coastal Erosion’: Preference for Embankment","authors":"Biswanath Dash , Ajinder Walia","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores how storm surge and coastal erosion are understood by coastal communities and types of mitigation measures they consider helpful. It draws from the fieldwork conducted in Kendrapara district, India: a region that suffered a catastrophic storm surge in 1971, and to a limited extent in 1999, and remains highly vulnerable due to the cumulative risk from storm surge, coastal erosion and sea level rise. The study finds, a) conception of a storm surge is more focused on the inundation level at the place of settlement than height as given in meteorological forecasts b) a causal chain relationship between storm surge and the coastal erosion-one feeding into the other, and c) coastal embankment is the most preferred choice amongst mitigation measures. The findings suggest that future coastal planning and management consider an integrated resilience framework that factors in community conception, their knowledge and preferred adaptation measures. The study further argues that engineered measure such as coastal embankments despite their popularity, be evaluated for their sustainability, their effectiveness against extreme events, and the extent to which they can be executed in countries like India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-Enhanced Detection and Comparative Analysis of Tropical Cyclones Across Global Ocean Basins 全球海洋盆地热带气旋的人工智能增强探测与对比分析

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.007

G.M.W.L. Gunawardena , Hironori Fudeyasu , Daisuke Matsuoka , Ryuji Yoshida , Nobuhiro Yugami , Yuiko Ohta , Takashi Yanase

{"title":"AI-Enhanced Detection and Comparative Analysis of Tropical Cyclones Across Global Ocean Basins","authors":"G.M.W.L. Gunawardena , Hironori Fudeyasu , Daisuke Matsuoka , Ryuji Yoshida , Nobuhiro Yugami , Yuiko Ohta , Takashi Yanase","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a deep-learning framework for detecting tropical cyclone (TC) life-cycle stages from infrared satellite imagery across six global ocean basins. You Only Look Once (YOLO) v8 models were trained separately to detect genesis, intensification, and decay stages within individual basins as well as in generalized settings. Detection accuracy was consistently highest during intensification, with F1 scores exceeding 0.80 in several basins, while genesis and decay remained more challenging due to weaker or more disorganized storm structures. Cross-basin experiments revealed substantial performance degradation when Northern Hemisphere models were applied to Southern Hemisphere storms, highlighting the influence of hemispheric rotation and storm asymmetry. Rotation-based augmentation (180° rotation via image flipping) improved detection in the South Pacific and South Indian basins, particularly for genesis and intensification. Nonetheless, cross-basin transferability was constrained even within the same hemisphere, with notable weaknesses in the North Atlantic and variability across other basins. To interpret these disparities, three structural indices were evaluated; symmetry, texture, and shape complexity and Detected versus Non-detected distributions were statistically tested. Detected cases were generally associated with stronger texture and more symmetric structure, whereas shape-complexity contrasts were more basin- and stage-dependent. Spatial localization was evaluated using a YOLO box-midpoint center proxy, which can be biased for asymmetric systems. Overall, the results indicate that detection performance depends on life cycle stage, hemispheric orientation, and storm structural organization, underscoring the need for regionally adapted, structure-aware-specific generalization strategies for robust global TC detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 274-295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Impact of a Scale-aware Three-dimensional Turbulent Kinetic Energy Scheme on Tropical Cyclone Forecasts in the Hurricane Analysis and Forecasting System 在飓风分析与预报系统中评估具有尺度感知的三维湍流动能方案对热带气旋预报的影响

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.001

Kwun Yip Fung , Ping Zhu , Xuejin Zhang , Jun A. Zhang , Chuan-Kai Wang , Bin Liu

{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of a Scale-aware Three-dimensional Turbulent Kinetic Energy Scheme on Tropical Cyclone Forecasts in the Hurricane Analysis and Forecasting System","authors":"Kwun Yip Fung , Ping Zhu , Xuejin Zhang , Jun A. Zhang , Chuan-Kai Wang , Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Scale-Aware Three-Dimensional Turbulent Kinetic Energy scheme (SA3DTKE) was developed 1) to incorporate three-dimensional shear, transport, and pressure diffusion in predicting turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and 2) to homogenize the turbulent transport calculation used in large-eddy simulations with one-dimensional planetary boundary layer schemes used in large-/meso-scale models accounting for eddies across scales from small isotropic to large anisotropic turbulence. This study examines the impacts of the SA3DTKE scheme implemented in the Hurricane Analysis and Forecasting System (HAFS) model on tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts by analyzing HAFS simulations of hurricanes Kirk (2024) and Leslie (2024). Results show that SA3DTKE reduces the forecasting bias of track and intensity. SA3DTKE modulates the eyewall and rainband convection and thereby affects TC track via horizontal and vertical advection of wavenumber-1 potential vorticity asymmetries. SA3DTKE reduces the negative intensity bias through enhancing eddy diffusivity and TKE in the lower troposphere, leading to enhanced surface latent heating to maintain a stronger warm core structure. At the same time, stronger frictional force also generated stronger agradient forcing to facilitate the inward transport of absolute vorticity creating a stronger tropical cyclone denoted by the enhanced tangential wind and reflectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 43-62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attribution of the 2023 Beijing Extreme Rainfall Event in the Context of Climate Change 气候变化背景下2023年北京极端降雨事件的归因

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.003

Wenyuan Tang , Xiangbo Feng

{"title":"Attribution of the 2023 Beijing Extreme Rainfall Event in the Context of Climate Change","authors":"Wenyuan Tang , Xiangbo Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In late July 2023, following the landfall of Typhoon Doksuri in southeast China, north China experienced an unprecedented extreme precipitation event, known as <em>the 2023 Beijing extreme rainfall event</em>. This event resulted in widespread flooding, river overflows, and numerous landslides, causing significant societal and economic impacts. During this post-landfall event, 1379 meteorological stations in north China recorded their highest ever 24-h accumulated rainfall, with a maximum of 640 mm. Here, we investigate the large-scale environmental drivers for this event and assess the influence of climate change, via an analytical approach. We first attribute the unusual northward passage of Typhoon Doksuri’s remnant to an anomalously strong North Pacific Subtropical High (NPSH) and link the subsequent persistent extreme precipitation in north China to the presence of a strong North Blocking (NB) related also to the expanded NPSH. Notably, such anomalous features of both NPSH and NB resemble their long-term trends under global warming. Based on observations from 1951 to 2023, we found 46 typhoons exhibiting a similar northward post-landfall trajectory after making landfall in southeast China. Among these, 11 occurred under anomalously strong NB conditions, whereas only 3 were under weak NB conditions. Our further composite analysis indicates that the presence of anomalous NB not only increases the likelihood of typhoon remnants affecting north China but also amplifies the precipitation rate. Finally, we show that the frequency and persistence of strong NB conditions have significantly increased over the past 44 years (1980–2023), closely associated with a strengthening NPSH and rapid sea surface temperature warming, with additional modulation by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Our analytical approach demonstrates the increasing risk of post-landfall extreme precipitation events in north China with climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated Simulation and Risk Mapping of Cyclone ‘Remal’ (2024) over the Bangladesh Coast using WRF and AHP-GIS Framework 利用WRF和AHP-GIS框架对孟加拉国海岸气旋“Remal”（2024）进行综合模拟和风险制图

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.005

Fatema TuzZohora Niha , Md. Zillur Rahman , Muhammad Abul Kalam Mallik , Md. Mahfuzar Rahman , Kazi Jebunnesa

{"title":"Integrated Simulation and Risk Mapping of Cyclone ‘Remal’ (2024) over the Bangladesh Coast using WRF and AHP-GIS Framework","authors":"Fatema TuzZohora Niha , Md. Zillur Rahman , Muhammad Abul Kalam Mallik , Md. Mahfuzar Rahman , Kazi Jebunnesa","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical cyclones are among the most devastating natural hazards for the coastal communities of the Bay of Bengal, especially in the low-lying and densely populated regions of Bangladesh. This study adopts a multidisciplinary approach to assess cyclone-related hazards and risks by integrating high-resolution numerical weather prediction and geospatial risk mapping. Cyclone “Remal” (May 2024) was simulated using the Advanced Research WRF (ARW) model across five initialization times to evaluate forecasting accuracy. Concurrently, a scenario-based Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed within a GIS framework to assess cyclone risk, incorporating sixteen spatial indicators related to hazard, vulnerability, and exposure across 14 coastal districts. The WRF model performed best when initialized on 26 May, with a positional error of 37.4 km and a time error of 3.5 h’ delay, closely matching observed data from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department. The model accurately reproduced track, intensity, and associated meteorological parameters such as wind speed, pressure, humidity, and rainfall. The geospatial risk assessment identified 15.8 % of the coastal region particularly Satkhira, southern Khulna, Patuakhali, and Bhola, as “very high-risk,” based on combined hazard exposure and socio-demographic vulnerability. Together, these findings demonstrate the value of integrating climatological analysis, real-time cyclone simulation, and spatial risk assessment to strengthen early warning systems, strengthen disaster risk reduction, and guide climate-resilient development planning in Bangladesh’s cyclone-prone coastal zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 92-120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the Link: Fog Evolution in the Indo-Gangetic Plain in Presence of the Tropical Cyclone 揭示联系：热带气旋存在下印度-恒河平原的雾演变

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.01.001

Avinash N. Parde , Sachin D. Ghude , Rizwan Ahmed , Narendra Gokul Dhangar , R.K. Jenamani

{"title":"Unveiling the Link: Fog Evolution in the Indo-Gangetic Plain in Presence of the Tropical Cyclone","authors":"Avinash N. Parde , Sachin D. Ghude , Rizwan Ahmed , Narendra Gokul Dhangar , R.K. Jenamani","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) experiences severe fog episodes predominantly during the peak winter months (December–February). However, the onset and dynamical drivers of fog during the pre-winter period (20 November to 15 December) remain relatively unexplored. This study investigates the teleconnections between North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones (TCs) and the evolution of widespread fog events over the IGP during this early winter phase. Utilizing 20 years (2000–2019) of multi-station visibility data, TC tracks, and ERA5 reanalysis, we establish a robust link between cyclonic activity and inland fog formation. Our analysis reveals that 12 TCs (11 in the Bay of Bengal, 1 in the Arabian Sea) coincided with widespread fog events, affecting approximately 30%–56% of observational stations. Contrary to hypotheses suggesting direct moisture transport as the primary driver, we demonstrate that the modulation is dynamically driven by TC-induced large-scale subsidence. Composite diagnostics of Omega (vertical velocity) and geopotential heights reveal that active TCs trigger a distinct subtropical subsidence belt extending over the IGP. This enhanced mid-tropospheric subsidence (positive Omega anomalies) creates a strong stable layer that traps boundary layer moisture and suppresses vertical mixing, independent of the TC’s intensity. These findings identify a critical synoptic precursor for pre-winter fog, suggesting that monitoring TC-induced subsidence teleconnections can significantly improve early-season fog forecasting over the Indian subcontinent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on “On the Physics of the New Time-dependent Theory of Tropical Cyclone Intensification” by Smith and Montgomery (2025) 评Smith和Montgomery《论热带气旋增强新时变理论的物理学》（2025）

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.01.003

Yuqing Wang , Zhe-Min Tan , Yuanlong Li

{"title":"Comment on “On the Physics of the New Time-dependent Theory of Tropical Cyclone Intensification” by Smith and Montgomery (2025)","authors":"Yuqing Wang , Zhe-Min Tan , Yuanlong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smith and Montgomery (2025, hereafter SM25) questioned the physical basis of the time-dependent theory of tropical cyclone (TC) intensification proposed by Wang et al. (2021, hereafter W21). Their main criticisms concern the locality of the closure parameter A′, the lack of inflow above the boundary layer (BL), and the use of an empirically calibrated parameter in model validation. Here we clarify these issues and restate the physical framework of W21. The theory applies local thermodynamic quasi-equilibrium (TQE) at the contracting radius of maximum wind (RMW). Eyewall heating, which is represented implicitly rather than prognosed explicitly, induces weak inflow in the mid-lower troposphere, leading to inward RMW contraction as a process of the gradient wind adjustment, a balanced response consistent with classical vortex spin-up mechanism. The apparent inward migration of absolute angular-momentum (<em>M</em>) surfaces can equivalently be viewed in an Eulerian tendency sense, where the vertical-advection term −ω ∂M/∂p dominates, reconciling the interpretation with the balanced dynamics framework. The parameter A′ represents the degree of non-congruence between <em>M</em> and saturated-moist-entropy (s∗) surfaces at the top of the boundary layer and can be interpreted physically as a “ventilation” parameter in the eyewall. Its empirically determined intensity dependence, confirmed using extended full-physics axisymmetric model ensemble simulations (Li et al. 2024) and best-track data (Xu and Wang 2022), captures consistent intensification behavior across independent datasets. Moreover, a recent extension of the theory (under review) eliminates A′ entirely by explicitly resolving the vortex structure. With these clarifications, the W21 framework remains a compact yet physically consistent model that reconciles thermodynamic and dynamic perspectives of TC intensification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Axisymmetric Slab Boundary Layer Model Underpinning the Boundary Layer Control of Tropical Cyclones 支撑热带气旋边界层控制的轴对称平板边界层模式

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.008

Roger K. Smith , Michael T. Montgomery

{"title":"The Axisymmetric Slab Boundary Layer Model Underpinning the Boundary Layer Control of Tropical Cyclones","authors":"Roger K. Smith , Michael T. Montgomery","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamics of the slab boundary layer model for an axisymmetric vortex are re-examined in the light of the continued relevance of this model as a benchmark for understanding aspects of tropical cyclone structure. Of particular relevance is the control the boundary layer has on the location of deep convection. Using two different methods to solve for the steady nonlinear boundary layer flow, it is shown that in relatively narrow vortices, the location of maximum ascent out of the boundary layer lies inside the radius of maximum gradient wind. In contrast, as the breadth of the gradient wind profile increases, the location of maximum ascent moves outwards beyond that of the maximum gradient wind. These new findings help to understand airborne Doppler radar observations of certain structural differences between rapidly developing and mature storms. Shown also is the propensity of the boundary layer flow of broad vortices to produce secondary maxima of tangential wind and ascent out of the boundary layer well beyond the radius of maximum gradient wind. This intrinsic boundary layer feature has relevance to understanding secondary eyewall formation. Some implications of the new calculations to translating vortices and to the theory of potential intensity are discussed also.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 148-160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the Response of the Acoustic Structure in the Upper Ocean during Hurricane Transit 飓风过境过程中上层海洋声结构响应研究

IF 4.1 4区地球科学

Tropical Cyclone Research and Review Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.004

Wen Zhang , Boyuan Duan , Jian Shi , Peng Jiang , Qiankun Yu , M.V. Subrahmanyam

{"title":"Research on the Response of the Acoustic Structure in the Upper Ocean during Hurricane Transit","authors":"Wen Zhang , Boyuan Duan , Jian Shi , Peng Jiang , Qiankun Yu , M.V. Subrahmanyam","doi":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcrr.2026.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Communication and target detection in underwater acoustics depend significantly on the acoustic structure of the upper ocean, influenced by dispersion processes occurring within it. This study analyzed the hydrological characteristics and sound velocity structures of the upper ocean before, during, and after three consecutive hurricanes in 2017 in the North Atlantic, as well as the acoustic velocity structure response of the upper ocean during transit. Data from hurricanes and underwater glider observations provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) were analyzed to determine the distance between the hurricane and the glider. Hydrological data was utilized to compute the sound velocity profiles and time series of acoustic characteristics over the upper ocean before, during, and after hurricane transit. The acoustic structure of the upper ocean altered when the hurricane was 2000 km from the glider, revealing variations depending on whether the hurricane approached from the left (left-side hurricane) or the right (right-side hurricane). The findings indicated a consistent sound profile above the primary and deeper main sound channel, with sound intensity varying—stronger on the left side of the hurricane and weaker on the right side. The analysis revealed that the left hurricane experienced an increase in positive gradient intensity from roughly 0.0228 s<sup>−1</sup> to 0.092 s<sup>−1</sup>, while the right hurricane exhibited a decrease in amplitude from approximately 0.0016 s<sup>−1</sup> to 0.0161 s<sup>−1</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44442,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Cyclone Research and Review","volume":"15 1","pages":"Pages 81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0