Ultrasonics Sonochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Shockwaves from air bubbles within pits induced by nearby cavitation bubbles","authors":"Jie Li ,&nbsp;Siyu Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Luo ,&nbsp;Weilin Xu ,&nbsp;Jiguo Tang ,&nbsp;Tong Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cavitation intensity in near-boundary regions was significantly affected by the smoothness of boundaries. Micro pits on these boundaries may harbor smaller air bubbles or gas nuclei, and cavitation bubbles within cavitation clouds or cavitation bubble clusters inevitably interact with air bubbles in these pits. In this study, the experimental setup employed underwater Corona Discharge to generate controlled cavitation bubbles, and experimental observations were made with high-speed photography system. The experimental results revealed that for a given pit spatial size (<em>ξ</em>), the presence of air bubbles within pits reduces the evolution period of cavitation bubble (defined as the ratio of the time from cavitation bubble inception to its first collapse to the Rayleigh time) as the dimensionless bubble-boundary distance (<em>γ</em>) increases. Additionally, compared to scenarios without air bubbles, the evolution period of cavitation bubbles decreases, while the velocity of microjet increases. The cavitation bubble shockwave pressure follows a distinct pattern as <em>γ</em> increases: it initially decreases, followed by an increase, and eventually stabilizing. Within the <em>γ</em> range of 0.9 to 1.7, the air bubbles in pits significantly attenuate the shockwave pressure generated during cavitation bubble collapse (air bubble can reduce cavitation bubble collapse pressure by up to 80 %). Through the assistance of Schlieren techniques, a novel ‘cavitation’ behavior of air bubble within the pits was discovered. The phenomenon is characterized by the generation of an ‘implosion shockwave’ during the air bubble collapse (the propagation speed of this ‘shockwave’, as observable in high-speed images, is approximately 1534 ± 39 m/s, which is on the order of the speed of sound in the liquid, around 1500 m/s). Further analysis revealed the critical conditions for the ‘implosion shockwave’ from the small air bubbles within pits induced by nearby cavitation bubbles. Specifically, the critical dimensionless standoff distance(<em>γ*</em>) exhibits an exponential decay with increasing pit spatial size (<em>ξ</em>), and the coefficient is likely related to the ratio of maximum bubble radii (<em>R</em>_air/<em>R</em>_max) between the air bubble and cavitation bubble. These innovative findings offer valuable references for controlling and evaluating cavitation intensity in defective water flow boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107602"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of in situ 20 ± 2/28 ± 2 kHz dual-frequency ultrasonication on enzymolysis kinetics, thermodynamics and antioxidant activity of housefly (Musca Domestica) larvae protein hydrolysate","authors":"Han Chen ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Zhuofan He ,&nbsp;Liurong Huang ,&nbsp;Yiming Zhao ,&nbsp;Chunhua Dai ,&nbsp;Ronghai He ,&nbsp;Haile Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the influence of in situ 20 ± 2/28 ± 2 kHz dual-frequency ultrasonic irradiation on enzymolysis reaction kinetics, thermodynamics and antioxidant activity of housefly larvae protein (HLP) hydrolysate was investigated to clarify the ultrasonication’s promoting mechanism. The use of in situ dual-frequency ultrasound (DU) treatment significantly increased the reaction rate constant (<em>k</em>) of HLP enzymolysis by 82.67 %, decreased the Michaelis constant (<em>K_m</em>) by 13.54 %, and increased the maximum reaction rate (<em>v_max</em>) by 6.12 % compared with conventional HLP hydrolysis. The thermodynamic parameters — activation energy (<em>Ea</em>), enthalpy (<em>ΔH</em>), and entropy (<em>ΔS</em>)—decreased significantly by 24.59 %, 23.95 %, and 18.86 %, respectively. However, no significant change in Gibbs free energy (<em>ΔG</em>) was observed, which may be attributed to the enthalpy–entropy compensation effect (EECE). The IC₅₀ values of HLP hydrolysate obtained with in situ DU treatment (HLPUH) for DPPH, hydroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals decreased from 3.02, 4.11, and 5.25 mg/mL to 2.64, 3.47, and 4.68 mg/mL, respectively, indicating that the in vitro antioxidant activity of HLP hydrolysate (HLPH) was enhanced by ultrasound treatment. According to the results of in vitro HepG2 cell oxidative stress model experiments, HLPUH exhibited better protective effects on HepG2 cells, inhibited intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression, and enhanced the activities of intracellular oxidases—catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)—compared with the control. HLPUH also promoted HepG2 cell proliferation and reduced the apoptosis rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107599"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-enhanced bio-based active packaging films derived from passion fruit waste pectin: structural evolution, property correlations, and antioxidant activity through eggshell and oleuropein integration","authors":"Jiaman Sun ,&nbsp;Ge Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaying Huang ,&nbsp;Jinna Wang ,&nbsp;Xunhe Huang ,&nbsp;Liu Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaonan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passion fruit peel, rich in natural pectin, is often discarded as agricultural waste, resulting in a significant loss of its potential value. In this study, pectin was extracted from discarded passion fruit peels and used to fabricate a multifunctional composite film <em>Via</em> an ultrasound-assisted casting method, incorporating eggshell powder and oleuropein as functional additives. Ultrasound treatment not only promoted the uniform dispersion of fillers, but also facilitated molecular interactions, thereby enhancing film formation and structural integrity. The molecular structure, mechanical strength, thermal stability, barrier properties, and antioxidant activity of the resulting films were systematically investigated. Through optimization experiments, the best-performing film was found to contain 2 % (w/w) eggshell powder and 1 % (w/w) oleuropein. This formulation provided the highest overall performance, achieving a tensile strength of 2.68 MPa, a water vapor transmission rate of 11.66 g/m²/24 h, and a DPPH radical scavenging activity of 80 %. (1) FTIR analysis revealed that Ca²⁺ ions from eggshell powder formed stable ionic cross-linking networks with pectin molecules, as evidenced by the redshift of hydroxyl stretching peaks (from 3300 to 3259 cm⁻¹), indicating the formation of coordination bonds. (2) When the concentration of eggshell powder ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 %, the tensile strength of the film increases of 1.77–2.68 MPa, while the water vapor transmission rate decreased of 14.31–11.66 g/m²/24 h, representing an 18.4 % enhancement in barrier performance. (3) The incorporation of oleuropein significantly improved the antioxidant capacity of the film in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)radical cavenging activity increased markedly from 16 % to 80 % as the oleuropein concentration was elevated from 0.1 to 1.5 %. This progressive enhancement reflects the strong electron-donating and hydrogen-atom transfer ability of oleuropein, which can effectively neutralize free radicals and terminate chain reactions of oxidative processes. The polyphenolic structure of oleuropein provides multiple hydroxyl groups capable of interacting with reactive species, thereby amplifying the overall antioxidant response of the composite films. These findings demonstrate that the developed composite film holds great promise for active food packaging applications, providing a sustainable approach for the high-value utilization of agricultural by-products and promoting the development of eco-friendly packaging materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107596"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green recovery of phenolics from bitter orange flowers: Natural deep eutectic solvent-ultrasound synergistic extraction, adsorptive purification, and UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis","authors":"Ziyu Lv ,&nbsp;Jing Ma ,&nbsp;Chi Wei ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Xinxin Cheng ,&nbsp;Guoliang Chen ,&nbsp;Luis A.J. Mur ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Duo Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bitter orange flowers (BOF), a renowned medicinal and edible botanical resource, are rich in phenolic compounds with significant potential for health and industrial applications. However, efficient extraction and purification techniques for recovering bioactive phenolics remain underexplored. To address this gap, this study aimed to develop an eco-friendly integrated strategy combining natural deep eutectic solvent-ultrasound synergistic extraction (NADES-USE) with adsorptive purification for efficient recovery of total phenolics from BOF (BOF-TP). First, choline chloride-ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) was determined to be the optimal extraction solvent from 12 synthesized NADESs and 3 common solvents. Employing Box-Behnken design (BBD), the optimized parameters for NADES-USE (38 % aqueous ChCl-EG, 18 mL/g, 345 W, 43 min, and 55 °C) resulted in a BOF-TP yield of 104.58 ± 0.34 mg/g, which was 1.30 to 2.16 times higher than those achieved with conventional solvents. Then, AB-8 resin demonstrated optimal adsorption–desorption performance for BOF-TP, with adsorption behavior strongly conforming to Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed a spontaneous, exothermic physisorption process with decreasing entropy. The breakthrough curves and gradient elution curves were utilized to establish a chromatographic purification process for crude BOF-TP extracts, achieving a purity of 75.62 ± 0.95 %. Finally, a validated UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS method facilitated comprehensive chemical characterization and simultaneous quantification of seven bioactive compounds, serving as a basis for the quality control of purified BOF-TP extracts. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the combination of NADES-USE and adsorptive purification offers significant potential for producing highly purified BOF-TP extract for further use in food and pharmaceutical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107597"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic vibration-assisted arc machining of Inconel 718: Achieving concurrent processing efficiency enhancement and microstructure regulation","authors":"Shengwei Ding ,&nbsp;Jianping Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Yu ,&nbsp;Bingbing Wang ,&nbsp;Yizhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Ren ,&nbsp;Yinan Zhao ,&nbsp;Xujun Guo ,&nbsp;Tianyu Sun ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Hu ,&nbsp;Yan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The arc discharge machining technology achieves efficient material erosion through high-energy discharge, but its intense thermal coupling leads to instability in phase transition control, resulting in an essential conflict between processing efficiency and surface integrity. This fundamental scientific issue hinders the high-integrity manufacturing of advanced materials under extreme conditions. The intermittent contact of ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining technology explains its advantages in processing performance. Based on this, this paper proposes a new paradigm of ultrasonic-arc composite machining (UEAM), which achieves the coordinated regulation of the energy-precision paradox through dynamic modulation of multi-physical fields. Firstly, the full-cycle dynamic evolution of the plasma channel in UEAM and conventional electrical arc machining (EAM) is captured through pulse discharge tests combined with in-situ high-speed photography. On this basis, the processing performance of UEAM is verified through continuous milling discharge tests. The research shows: The ultrasonic vibration induces spatial–temporal reconstruction of the plasma, shortening the breakdown delay by 84.6 % (from 812.5 μs to 125 μs), while increasing the discharge frequency by 150 % (from 16 peaks/s to 40 peaks/s); The 20 kHz lateral vibration excites cavitation microjet and melt pool micro-turbulence, synergistically reducing the C/O enrichment of the recast layer by 31.36 %/70.73 % (to 18.65 %/3.52 %), and restoring the Ni content to 40.89 %; XRD phase analysis confirms that ultrasonic vibration significantly inhibits the formation of brittle phases such as Cr₂O₃ and NiFe₂O₄, reducing the recast layer thickness by 74.8 % (from 103 μm to 26 μm). This technology achieves the coordinated enhancement of element distribution homogeneity and surface integrity through a three-level synergistic mechanism of “plasma dispersion-melt pool mass transfer-solidification control” providing a general solution for high-precision and low-damage machining of high-temperature alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107600"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145298063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special issue on “Emerging applications of ultrasound technology in colloids, polymers and interfaces”","authors":"Patrick Tang Siah Ying (Managing Guest Editor),&nbsp;Sivakumar Manickam,&nbsp;Tan Khang Wei,&nbsp;Asgar Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107575","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 107575"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cavitation-vibration coupling mechanism in ultrasonic guidewire vascular ablation","authors":"Guang Yao,&nbsp;Maozhong Wu,&nbsp;Jianhua Lai,&nbsp;Youcheng Lv,&nbsp;Lijuan Zheng,&nbsp;Chengyong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective treatment of diverse vascular occlusions requires precise energy delivery and tissue-specific ablation strategies. This study systematically investigates the coupled mechanical vibration and cavitation mechanisms of a novel flexible ultrasonic guidewire during ablation of calcified, lipid-rich, and thrombotic occlusion mimics. Integrating numerical simulations and experimental validation, this work elucidates the dynamic interplay between ultrasonic parameters and tissue-specific ablation outcomes. For calcified mimics, mechanical vibrational impact is the dominant ablation mechanism, achieving substantial material removal primarily through fracture. Lipid-rich tissue ablation is driven by emulsification via cavitation microjets and acoustic streaming, generating microparticles with sizes of 10–250 μm, controllable by ultrasonic power. Thrombus ablation involves initial penetration followed by erythrocyte lysis, primarily mediated by transient cavitation. Crucially, guidewire bending significantly attenuates tip vibration amplitude, resulting in a reduction of 14.3–30.9 %, with titanium alloy exhibiting superior energy transmission stability under curvature compared to nickel-titanium. These findings highlight distinct, tissue-dependent ablation paradigms: mechanical fragmentation for hard tissues compared to cavitation and streaming induced emulsification or lysis for soft tissues. This mechanistic understanding is foundational for designing adaptive ultrasonic guidewires capable of adjusting energy delivery modes based on real time feedback of tissue characteristics, thereby enhancing the precision and efficacy of endovascular interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 107474"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamentals of acoustic and hydrodynamic cavitation","authors":"Xun Sun ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Manickam ,&nbsp;Yang Tao ,&nbsp;Xiaoge Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 107573"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioeffects of ultrasonics in environmental and medical applications.","authors":"Xiaoge Wu, Juan Tu, Jun-Jie Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107595","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"107595"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote biofilm dislodgment using focused acoustic vortex","authors":"Chih-Hsien Li ,&nbsp;Wei-Hao Chao ,&nbsp;Ping-Ching Wu ,&nbsp;Ching-Hsiang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofilms constitute a major challenge in treating implant-associated and chronic infections due to their structural resilience and drug resistance, particularly as implant demand rises due to aging populations. Conventional methods are often invasive, complex, and costly, while focused ultrasound (FUS) poses risks related to biocompatibility and tissue damage. Distinguished by its helical phase structure and rotational energy distribution, focused acoustic vortex (FAV) theoretically generates stronger rotational forces and acoustic streaming than FUS under identical acoustic conditions. This study investigates the feasibility of FAV technique for biofilm removal. Biofilms <em>in vitro</em> model were established using <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and a 2-MHz custom-built ultrasound transducer was employed to generate either FAV or FUS. Results indicated that FAV activation generated a centripetal vortical flow with rapid rotation, which was adjustable via acoustic pressure and duty cycle. Conversely, FUS generated solely outward acoustic streaming, exhibiting a flow velocity 43.6 % lower than that of FAV. At 1.75 MPa, implementing a 10 % duty cycle and a 180 s treatment, FAV removed 97 % of the biofilm, whereas FUS removed only 7 %. To achieve a comparable removal rate (95.8 %), FUS required 4 MPa for 10 minutes. Streaming velocity (R² = 0.99) exhibited a strong correlation with biofilm removal, while inertial cavitation (R² = 0.19) exhibited a weak correlation; thus, the former was identified as the primary contributing mechanism. Importantly, FAV treatment resulted in minimal thermal elevation (&lt;5 °C) and no significant reduction in cell viability, demonstrating its biosafety under the applied acoustic parameters. Synergistic tests with antibiotics further suppressed biofilm regrowth for up to 72 h, reducing bacterial concentration by 91 %. Future work will focus on <em>in vivo</em> biofilm models and assessing the safety and efficacy of combined treatments to advance clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 107423"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}