Ultrasonics Sonochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound-enhanced gene transfection: vectors, methods, and biomedical applications","authors":"Jie Wu ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Hongju Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhengbao Yang ,&nbsp;Raul D. Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Xu ,&nbsp;Lang Ma ,&nbsp;Li Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gene therapy relying on the efficiency of gene delivery or transfection has become a widely applied approach in numerous biomedical fields. Ultrasound, featuring non-invasive and deep tissue penetration nature, offers effective enhancement treatment with precise targeting and minimal side effects. Here, we critically analyze the vectors, methods, and biomedical applications of ultrasound-enhanced gene transfection. Firstly, the therapeutic potential of ultrasound lies in its synergistic thermal, cavitation, and mechanical effects. Secondly, various vectors, both viral and non-viral, are available for delivering therapeutic genes. Additionally, techniques like sonoporation, sonodynamic effect, and ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction enable the precise delivery of bioactive genes to targeted tissues. We particularly highlight the diverse biomedical applications of ultrasound-enhanced gene transfection across different disease areas, including cancer, cardiac insufficiency, stroke, neurodegenerative disease, and musculoskeletal disorders, demonstrating promising prospects for clinical application. Finally, we systematically address the current challenges and perspectives to inform the design of ultrasound-enhanced gene transfection compared to conventional gene therapies. This review aims to guide new developments in ultrasound-enhanced gene transfection and contribute to its widespread utilization in biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107607"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sono-processing treatments enhanced the stability and digestive properties of soy-myofibrillar dual-protein systems","authors":"Songmin Cao ,&nbsp;Fanwei Xi ,&nbsp;Ziye Wang ,&nbsp;Hui He ,&nbsp;Di Zhao ,&nbsp;Miao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigated the effects of sono-processing treatment on the stability and digestive characteristics of soy protein isolate (SPI) and myofibrillar protein (MPN) mixed systems. The sono-processing intensity in the SPI-MPN4 group reached 37.58%, which was approximately 4.12 times higher than that of the SPI-MPN2 system (9.12%), indicating significantly greater efficiency in structural modification. Consequently, the SPI-MPN4 system exhibited the most pronounced structural transformation, leading to reduced disordered aggregation and improved system stability. To be specific, the system stability of the SPI-MPN4 system was enhanced by 28.94% when compared with that of the SPI-MPN2 group. Additionally, structural analyses revealed that ultrasound effectively disrupted hydrogen bonds, reduced α-helix content, and promoted the assembly of structurally ordered SPI–MPN complexes. Notably, the random coil contents in SPI-MPN4 increased by approximately 22.70%, facilitating trypsin accessibility. These findings highlighted that sono-processing intensity changes were critical factors governing the structural alteration of the dual-protein system. This insight was pivotal for designing targeted and energy-efficient processing strategies in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107613"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145317940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound modification of a dual-protein hybrid: structural-functional synergy for developing low-fat, high-protein shrimp products","authors":"Yejun Zhang ,&nbsp;Feihong Liu ,&nbsp;Yuhan Guo ,&nbsp;Jianan Sun ,&nbsp;Jiao Li ,&nbsp;Xiangzhao Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intensive farming of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> has gradually led to market saturation and declining returns due to overproduction. Shrimp surimi products are a growing segment of the seafood market, but their gelling properties are compromised by the inevitable frozen storage and distribution. To bypass the need for chemical modification agents, ultrasound was applied to composite systems of denatured soy protein isolate and shrimp myofibrillar protein to mitigate this deterioration. Ultrasonic treatment markedly increased composite solubility from 39.65 % to 175.58 % and reduced the mean particle diameter from 282.96 nm to 203.33 nm, enhancing both emulsifying activity and stability. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a denser and more homogeneous gel microstructure after sonication. Secondary structural analysis showed a partial α-helix to β-sheet transition and a significant decrease (10.33 %) in total sulfhydryl content, indicating disulfide bond formation that strengthened the gel network. These structural modifications yielded firmer gels with higher water-holding capacity and lower cooking loss. The resulting shrimp sausage exhibited improved texture and flavour, balanced nutrition, and a favourable sensory score. Free amino acid analysis indicated ultrasound-driven release of umami and sweet related amino acids, further intensifying the palatability of the sausages. These findings provide a theoretical and practical foundation for producing low-fat, high-protein shrimp sausages with high-quality and high-value-added.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107614"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145297976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling up the sono-enzymatic coating of cotton textiles with antimicrobial silver-phenolated lignin nanocomposites","authors":"Garima Rathee,&nbsp;Jeniffer Blair,&nbsp;Antonio Puertas-Segura,&nbsp;Kristina Ivanova,&nbsp;Guillem Ferreres Cabanes,&nbsp;Tzanko Tzanov","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pressing demand for controlling infections in healthcare facilities has prompted the development of highly efficient antimicrobial textiles. Herein, we present a simple and scalable approach for engineering durable antimicrobial cotton textiles using a single-step sono-enzymatic process. The coating process involves simultaneous laccase enzyme-catalysed gallic acid (GA) oxidation under ultrasonic conditions (20 kHz frequency, 17.30 W/cm² power intensity, 35 % amplitude, 50 °C, 30 min) using a Ti-horn ultrasonic transducer, generating a bio-based adhesive network that engages both GA and the oxidised phenolic shell of antimicrobial silver phenolated lignin nanoparticles (AgPLNPs), and their deposition on the fabrics. Three coating formulations were investigated: cotton fabric ultrasonicated with AgPLNPs alone (M1), with AgPLNPs and laccase (M2), and with AgPLNPs, GA, and laccase (M3). The AgPLNPs are firmly embedded on the cotton fabric, eliminating the need for fabric pre-activation or post-treatment. They are biocompatible, possess broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) and Gram-negative (<em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>) bacteria, and have significantly less propensity to induce bacterial resistance than conventional antibiotics, showing only 2–4 fold increases in MIC compared to 128–2048 fold increases for ciprofloxacin and ampicillin. The resulting AgPLNPs-GA-coated textiles (M3) demonstrated durable antibacterial properties, retaining &gt;95 % antibacterial efficacy after 60 hospital laundry cycles at 75 °C, following international thermal disinfection guidelines (98.6–99.8 % depending on bacterial strain). Additionally, the coated fabrics were biocompatible and hydrophobic (contact angle: 116.1 ± 1.5°), enhancing their benefits in medical environments where body fluid repellence is crucial for maintaining hygiene and preventing the spread of pathogens. The coating was successfully scaled up from laboratory samples (10 × 10 cm) to industrial-scale processing of textiles with dimensions 5 × 0.5 m using a continuous roll-to-roll sonochemical pilot. This novel coating approach shows promise for creating exceptionally durable antimicrobial and biocompatible fabrics for medical purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107609"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of flavonoids from Astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf waste using nonionic surfactant-integrated ultrasound-assisted extraction","authors":"Xinyu Yang ,&nbsp;Yue Xu ,&nbsp;Huimin Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to optimize the extraction of flavonoids from the stem and leaf waste of <em>Astragalus membranaceus</em> (AMW) using nonionic surfactant-integrated ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). Genapol X-080 was identified as the most effective surfactant for flavonoid extraction. UAE outperformed both stirring-assisted and heating methods in terms of yield. A sustainability analysis showed that UAE with nonionic surfactants was environmentally favorable, scoring 0.78 in the Analytical Greenness Calculator. The extraction process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), starting with a Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) to identify important factors, such as liquid–solid ratio, ultrasonic time, temperature, ethanol concentration, and ultrasonic power. The optimized conditions were 55 min of ultrasonic time, 50 °C, 70 % ethanol, and 100 W ultrasonic power. Under these conditions, the UAE method increased flavonoid yield by 25.60 % while reducing energy consumption by 59.26 %. The optimized extracts demonstrated superior antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. These findings highlight the potential of AMW as a sustainable source of bioactive flavonoids and contribute to the valorization of plant biomass waste. Future work will investigate the underlying extraction mechanisms and explore the broader applicability of this technique for the efficient and sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds from various biomass resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107606"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear propagation of ultrasounds in bubbly viscoelastic media: A study on the influence of the medium properties on the nonlinear parameter","authors":"Elena V. Carreras-Casanova,&nbsp;María Teresa Tejedor-Sastre,&nbsp;Christian Vanhille","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A mathematical model that describes nonlinear ultrasonic wave propagation in bubbly viscoelastic media is developed by coupling the acoustic wave equation with a modified Rayleigh–Plesset equation, formulated in terms of bubble volume variation and incorporating the linear Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic model. This formulation enables direct analysis of the influence of viscoelastic properties under soft tissue conditions. The differential system is numerically solved to investigate the transition from linear to nonlinear regimes in representative viscoelastic fluids and media that vary in shear elasticity. Laws of harmonic amplitudes vs. excitation at the source are defined from their polynomial fits. They confirm this nonlinear trend and reveal the influence of elasticity. To quantify these effects, the nonlinear parameter <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span> is computed using a finite amplitude method. Our results show that increasing shear elasticity significantly attenuates nonlinear propagation and suppresses harmonic generation, with <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span> decreasing as the shear modulus increases. In contrast, viscosity exhibits only a minor influence within the range studied in this work. These findings demonstrate that <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span> is highly sensitive to the mechanical properties of the medium and can serve as an effective indicator to characterize the nonlinear acoustic response of bubbly viscoelastic media. The agreement with previous studies presents our new model as a valuable tool for the study of nonlinear ultrasound in bubbly soft tissues and materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107603"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison on structural characterization, chain conformation, and neuroprotective activity of polysaccharides extracted from Albizia julibrissin Durazz. bark with hot water and ultrasound","authors":"Yuanqi Duan ,&nbsp;Yanan Liu ,&nbsp;Man Li ,&nbsp;Yajie Liu ,&nbsp;Jiayu Gu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Hu ,&nbsp;Mei Jin ,&nbsp;Gao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comparative and multidimensional approach is employed herein to assess how ultrasound affects the extraction yield, structural features, and chain conformation of <em>Albizia julibrissin</em> Durazz. bark polysaccharides. The results showed that ultrasound treatment can significantly (P &lt; 0.05) improve the extraction yield, and the optimal extraction process parameters were 50 min, 70 ℃, 30 mL/g, and 201 W. In addition, this study found that ultrasound can alter the chemical composition, characteristic group content, monosaccharide composition molar ratio, molecular weight, and even relative content of glycosidic bond types of <em>A. julibrissin</em> bark polysaccharides. Interestingly, the ultrasound treatment followed the midpoint chain scission model and transformed HWE-AJPP1 from a flexible chain conformation to UAE-AJPP1 exhibiting a spherical structure. And the involvement of ultrasound also altered the relatively tight big block-like morphology of HWE-AJPP1, and UAE-AJBP1 showed remarkable thermostability. Compared with HWE-AJBP1, UAE-AJBP1 significantly (P＜0.001) enhanced the viability of injured oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced PC12 cells. And UAE-AJBP1 effectively restored mitochondrial membrane potential, attenuated intracellular ROS levels. The findings of this work establish a solid basis for further exploiting ultrasound-prepared polysaccharides from <em>A. julibrissin</em> bark and strongly supports ultrasound’s wider application in polysaccharide-related fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107608"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of ultrasound-synergized polyphenol enhancing the foaming properties of ovalbumin: Focus on interfacial behavior and microstructure","authors":"Lan Liu ,&nbsp;Pei Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Yan ,&nbsp;Yingmei Wu ,&nbsp;Guofeng Jin ,&nbsp;Hongbo Song ,&nbsp;Fengping An ,&nbsp;Yingqun Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Peng Luo ,&nbsp;Qun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study thoroughly analyzed the mechanism by which ultrasound-synergized polyphenol treatment to improve the foaming properties of ovalbumin (OVA) from perspectives of physicochemistry and structure. The results demonstrated that ultrasound-synergized protocatechuic aldehyde (PA) or syringic acid (SA) enhanced the foaming ability (FA) of OVA by 27.5% and 34.5%, respectively, and foam stability (FS) increased by 5.5% and 3.7%. SA with a larger molecular exhibited stronger affinity to OVA, facilitating superior adsorption at the air-water interface and producing a more uniform and dense foam microstructure. Physicochemical characterization revealed that ultrasound-synergized polyphenol treatment increased the aggregation of soluble particles in the systems, improving solubility, surface hydrophobicity and thermal stability. The results of protein structure illustrated that PA bound to OVA through more polar hydrogen bonds, whereas SA bound to OVA via weaker polar van der Waals forces and carbon-hydrogen bonds. These findings suggested that polyphenol-protein interactions characterized by higher molecular weight and lower polarity favor enhanced foaming properties. Therefore, ultrasound-synergized polyphenol treatment is an effective strategy for improving OVA foaming properties. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying improvement of protein foaming properties and offers a theoretical foundation for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107605"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonically activated peroxymonosulfate oxidation for advanced water treatment: Cavitation mechanism, free radical generation and process simulation","authors":"Lucheng Zhang,&nbsp;Mingqing Zhang,&nbsp;Gang Kang,&nbsp;Zihui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent presence of recalcitrant organic pollutants in aquatic environments highlights the urgent need for efficient and sustainable water treatment technologies. This study investigated the application of the ultrasonically activated peroxymonosulfate system for organic pollutant degradation, with a focus on elucidating its cavitation mechanism, radical generation, and multiphysics characteristics. Experimental results demonstrated that the US-PMS system is pH-tolerant, achieving 92.4% removal of the model pollutant (methylene blue) within 60 min under optimal reaction conditions, with a reaction stoichiometric efficiency of 41.7%. Radical quenching experiments and EPR confirmed that ·OH and SO₄^·- are the dominant radical species in the reaction. Based on the Keller-Miksis single-bubble model, the physical property changes during cavitation bubble collapse and their influence on radical activation were quantitatively analyzed, revealing the intrinsic link between ultrasonic cavitation and radical generation. Furthermore, COMSOL Multiphysics simulations identified a “bottom activation-top mixing” functional zone within the reactor. This zoning enhances mass transfer and PMS activation efficiency through the synergistic coupling of acoustic, flow, and thermal fields. These findings provide novel insights and theoretical foundations for optimising the US-PMS system and facilitating its scale-up application in industrial wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107601"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of bioactive flavonoids from Anchusa italica retz.: optimization, characterization, and evaluation of antidepressant potential − targeting oxidative stress and neurotrophic pathways","authors":"Bingchen Han ,&nbsp;Qindan Cui ,&nbsp;Zhiliang Ma ,&nbsp;Leiling Shi ,&nbsp;Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Jiawei Dai ,&nbsp;Jun Deng ,&nbsp;Han Cheng ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Yuebin Ge ,&nbsp;Xianju Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study optimized the extraction of flavonoids from <em>Anchusa italica</em> Retz. using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) technology to maximize yield. A Box–Behnken design identified the optimal extraction parameters: solid–liquid ratio of 32.97, temperature of 68.74 °C, extraction time of 101 min, and ultrasonic power of 480.68 W. Flavonoid components were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. <em>In vitro</em>, the total flavonoid extract significantly reduced oxidative stress markers—malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and iron—and enhanced antioxidant defense markers, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglia. These protective effects were potentially mediated through the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B/glutathione peroxidase 4 (TLR4/NF-κB/GPX4) signaling pathway. <em>In vivo</em>, oral administration of the extract for four weeks ameliorated depression-like behaviors in C57BL/6 mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Treatment with the extract elevated serum levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, as well as those of BDNF, while upregulating hippocampal protein expression in the BDNF/tyrosine receptor kinase B/cAMP response element-binding protein (BDNF/TrkB/CREB) signaling pathway, thereby confirming its antidepressant efficacy. This study establishes an efficient DES-based extraction method for bioactive flavonoids and provides compelling evidence for the therapeutic potential of <em>A. italica</em> flavonoids in treating depression by targeting oxidative stress and neurotrophic signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 107598"},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}