Ultrasonics Sonochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound triggered process optimization of Etlingera linguiformis (Roxb.) R.M.Sm. nanoemulsion: Its stability, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity","authors":"Devpratim Koch ,&nbsp;Lakshi Saikia ,&nbsp;Manash R. Das ,&nbsp;Pankaj Bharali","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periodontal infections and dental caries are leading causes of tooth loss, impacting overall health and quality of life. Conventional treatments involve antibiotics, antiamoebic drugs, and quaternary ammonium compounds, their prolonged use can cause resistance and toxicity. In this study, <em>E. linguiformis</em> essential oil (ELEO) was evaluated for chemical composition, and its nanoemulsion (ELEON) with good stability was characterized for ELEON properties, prepared using ultrasonication, and assessed for their antibacterial efficacy. The results showed that ELEO is dominated by estragole as the major compound, with the 60-minute sonicated sample exhibiting the best stability and uniform droplet size (220.03 d.nm) distribution. Prolonged ultrasonication led to an increase in particle size, highlighting the importance of optimal processing. Antibacterial analysis revealed that ELEON exhibited higher activity than ELEO against <em>S. mutans</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, attributed to its smaller droplet size and enhanced penetration into microbial cells. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) showed the droplet diameter comparable to the particle size measured in Dynamic light scattering (DLS). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed significant morphological changes and membrane disruption in bacteria treated with ELEO and ELEON, leading to cell death. The cytotoxicity of ELEO and ELEON from E. linguiformis rhizomes was evaluated on L929 fibroblast cell lines using the MTT assay, showing no significant reduction in cell viability across tested concentrations. ELEON enhances essential oil stability and antimicrobial efficacy, demonstrating the<!--> <!-->potential for pharmaceutical applications and antibiotic resistance management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107355"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressing the jet formation in a bubble pair excited with an ultrasonic pulse","authors":"Dániel Nagy,&nbsp;Ferenc Hegedűs","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study numerically explores the suppression of bubble jet formation in oscillating microbubble pairs under excitation with an ultrasonic pulse, focusing on the conditions that lead to bubble collapse without jetting. Bubble jets (i.e., liquid jets penetrating the bubble) are typically observed in collapsing bubble pairs. However, jet formation can be avoided when the distance between the bubbles is kept within a specific range. We investigate identical-sized bubble pairs aligned along an axis and subjected to a single-cycle ultrasound pulse. Simulations are conducted using the axisymmetric assumption with the ALPACA compressible multiphase flow solver. Our findings revealed that the domain where jet formation is suppressed becomes smaller as the bubble compression increases. This is demonstrated by decreasing the bubble size and the excitation frequency, which allows for greater bubble growth. These results indicate that while jet suppression is feasible for bubble pairs with high compression ratios, it becomes increasingly sensitive to distance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107349"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted green synthesis of functionalised xanthene derivatives: Advancing sustainable sonochemical strategies","authors":"Sasadhar Majhi ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Manickam ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Cravotto","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Xanthenes are an important class of heterocycles in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse pharmacological properties. These tricyclic aromatic compounds, characterised by a dibenzo[<em>b,e</em>]pyran core with an oxygen atom at their central position, have gained significant attention for their extensive applications. Beyond pharmaceuticals, xanthenes are widely used in textiles, food industries, electro-optical devices, dyes, and bioimaging agents. Xanthene derivatives, particularly 9‐substituted xanthenes, exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antiparasitic, antibacterial, antileishmanial, cytotoxic, neuroprotective, and photophysical effects, making them valuable in drug discovery. The xanthene scaffold is present in various bioactive natural compounds such as mulgravanols A and B, hermannol, (+)-myrtucommulone D, homapanicones A and B, blumeaxanthene II, and acrotrione. Clinically relevant xanthene-based drugs include propantheline bromide (antimuscarinic), methantheline (antispasmodic), and phloxine B (photosensitiser in antimicrobial therapy). Thus, various synthetic approaches have been developed for the construction of xanthenes, with ultrasound-assisted green methodologies gaining prominence. Ultrasound technique offers advantages over conventional methods, including higher yields, faster reaction rates, and improved selectivity under milder conditions. This review comprehensively explores the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of functionalised xanthene derivatives as an eco-friendly alternative. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-depth review focusing on the green methodology under ultrasound irradiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107367"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the physicochemical properties of camelina (Camelina sativa) seed oil obtained through optimized ultrasonic-assisted extraction","authors":"Samira Mansuri ,&nbsp;Hamid Bakhshabadi ,&nbsp;Masumeh Moghimi ,&nbsp;Aminallah Tahmasebi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Gharekhani","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary limitation associated with oil extraction through pressing is the considerable amount of residual oil in the cake. Therefore, this study focused on employing ultrasound waves to decrease the oil content in camelina seeds. For this purpose, three ultrasound treatment durations (15 to 45 min) were applied, and oil was immediately extracted from the seeds using a screw press at varying speeds (11 to 55 rpm). Various physicochemical tests were conducted on the extracted oil. After identifying the optimal treatments, the fatty acid content and oxidative stability of the samples were determined. Results indicated that longer ultrasound treatment durations led to higher acidity and peroxide values in the samples. In contrast, the oil extraction efficiency and total phenol content initially increased and then declined. Increasing the rotational speed of the screw press decreased total phenol efficiency but increased acidity and peroxide values. Ultrasound pretreatment had no effect on the refractive index of the oils. Based on the process optimization results, ultrasound pretreatment achieved optimal oil extraction from camelina seeds at a treatment time of 21.02 min and a screw press speed of 11 rpm. Under these conditions, the extraction parameters included an efficiency of 34.5 %, an oil acidity of 0.394 % (as oleic acid), a peroxide value of 0.97 meqO₂/kg oil, a total phenol content of 122.68 ppm, and a refractive index of 1.4750. Ultrasound pretreatment also reduced oxidative stability from 3.75 h to 3.13 h. Gas chromatography results showed that linolenic acid was the major fatty acid in both treated and control oil samples. As a result, the findings demonstrate that ultrasound pretreatment is an effective method for extracting oil from camelina seeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107371"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-responsive nanobubble-mediated sonodynamic therapy sensitizes disulfidptosis in the treatment of liver hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Yichi Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Lin ,&nbsp;Jiayue Qiu ,&nbsp;Yucao Sun ,&nbsp;Bolin Wu ,&nbsp;Haitao Shang ,&nbsp;Liwen Deng ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Nanxing Li ,&nbsp;Chen Huang ,&nbsp;Tianhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiguang Wu ,&nbsp;Gang Hou ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Yan ,&nbsp;Shoufeng Wang ,&nbsp;Wen Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disulfidptosis, a newly identified regulated cell death, is linked to tumor progression, particularly in cancers with elevated SLC7A11 expression. This study investigates SLC7A11 expression in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and evaluates the therapeutic potential of ICG@C3F8-KL nanobubbles (NBs) combined with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for inducing disulfidptosis. Bioinformatics analysis of TCGA datasets revealed upregulation of SLC7A11 in LIHC tissues. The synthesized ICG@C3F8-KL NBs exhibited a mean diameter of 156.46 nm and stable properties, with high encapsulation efficiencies of 51.32 % ± 0.7 % for KL and 80.15 % ± 0.21 % for ICG. In vitro, ICG@C3F8-KL NBs, under ultrasound, generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhancing cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells with an IC50 lower than KL alone. These NBs also inhibited cell migration and colony formation, suggesting disulfidptosis induction via altered glucose uptake and NADP+/NADPH ratio, as well as F-actin contraction. In vivo, ICG@C3F8-KL NBs accumulated in tumor tissues and suppressed growth without significant toxicity. Unsupervised clustering of disulfidptosis-related genes in TCGA LIHC cohort identified subtypes with distinct prognoses, and a predictive model based on five key genes was developed. In conclusion, ICG@C3F8-KL NBs, combined with ultrasound, effectively induce disulfidptosis, offering a promising strategy for LIHC treatment, with the potential for personalized therapy informed by disulfide-associated gene signatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107368"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous extraction of caffeic acid and production of cellulose microfibrils from coffee grounds using hydrodynamic cavitation in a Venturi tube","authors":"Hitoshi Soyama ,&nbsp;Kousuke Hiromori ,&nbsp;Naomi Shibasaki-Kitakawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large quantities of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) are produced daily across the globe, accumulating as industrial waste in factories. Developing a process that both extracts high-value components and utilizes the bulk material would offer significant academic and industrial advantages. This study explores the use of hydrodynamic cavitation, which utilizes the chemical and physical effects produced by bubble collapse, for high-efficiency, continuous processing. The optimization of cavitation conditions was conducted by measuring the aggressive intensity of hydrodynamic cavitation within a Venturi tube. Then, unbrewed coffee grounds was processed by hydrodynamic cavitation to obtain stable results, as caffeic acid in SCGs varied depending on how the coffee was brewed. It was revealed that the hydrodynamic cavitation in the Venturi tube increased extraction rate of coffeic acid and simultaneously generates cellulose microfibrils. Note that the upstream pressure of the Venturi tube was 3.4 MPa, which was generated by a screw pump, and the aggressive intensity of the hydrodynamic cavitation was enhanced by optimizing the downstream pressure of the Venturi tube. The type of cavitation, closely linked to the aggressive intensity, was also analyzed through high-speed photography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107370"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted extraction and purification of polysaccharides from Boschniakia rossica: Structural Characterization and antioxidant potential","authors":"Minghui Yang ,&nbsp;Xingfan Li ,&nbsp;Xinyi Du ,&nbsp;Falin Li ,&nbsp;Tianqi Wang ,&nbsp;Yanyan Gao ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Xiongfei Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaorui Guo ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern pharmacological investigations have shown that polysaccharides extracted from <em>Boschniakia rossica</em> showcase a range of biological effects. This study identified 260 primary metabolites, with carbohydrate compounds and their derivatives accounting for 80 types. We employed ultrasonic-assisted enzyme extraction (UAEE) to optimize extraction parameters, achieving a crude polysaccharide yield of 13.67%, which is 1.52 times and 1.17 times higher than ultrasonic extraction (UAE) and enzyme extraction (EAE). Additionally, we isolated four distinct purified polysaccharides (BRPS-0, BRPS-1, BRPS-2, BRPS-3), with relative molecular weights of 1569, 2815, and 4572, while BRPS-3 displayed structural complexity. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that BRPS-0 exhibited distinct crystalline particles, while BRPS-3 displayed an ordered crystal structure. Notably, BRPS-0 demonstrated relatively stable antioxidant activity due to its low molecular weight, high phenolic and sugar content, crystalline microstructure, and abundant α- and β-pyranose configurations, including galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose. This research provides a foundational theory for the comprehensive use of <em>Boschniakia rossica</em> resources and supports its implementation in modern medicine and functional foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107364"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic disorder-induced deposition of TiO2 nanorod arrays and C60 coating on carbon cloth for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes","authors":"Huaxing Li ,&nbsp;Chunyang Ma ,&nbsp;Fafeng Xia ,&nbsp;Zhongmin Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the growing need for high-performing and stable energy storage devices, optimizing the durability and structure of supercapacitor electrodes is crucial. Traditional electrodes frequently face challenges in achieving an optimal balance between electrochemical capacity and structural stability. This study presents the synthesis of TiO₂/CC@C array electrodes through ultrasonic disorder-induced deposition (UDID), specifically for high-performing supercapacitor applications. The impact of different ultrasonic power levels (50–200 W) on the electrodes’ structural and electrochemical properties was systematically examined. SEM analysis indicated that the sample prepared at 150 W showed an optimal, densely packed array of TiO₂ nanorods with improved surface uniformity, facilitating efficient ion transport. The 150 W TiO₂/CC@C sample displayed a 46.73 m²/g specific surface area and a mean pore diameter of 9.35 nm, contributing to improved charge storage capacity. Raman spectroscopic analysis further confirmed the successful synthesis of the TiO₂/CC@C composite, revealing distinct TiO₂ and carbon-related peaks. Electrochemical measurements showed that this electrode attained a specific capacitance of 687.3F/g at a scan rate equal to 5 mV/s. The system delivered an energy density equal to 158.4 Wh/kg at a power density of 20 W/kg when assembled as an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) with AC as the positive electrode. Furthermore, after 10,000 cycles, it maintained 86.3 % of its initial capacitance demonstrating outstanding cycling stability. These findings indicate that optimizing ultrasonic power to 150 W significantly improves both the structural and electrochemical performance of TiO₂/CC@C, making it a promising candidate for advanced supercapacitor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 107347"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound assisted natural deep eutectic solvents based sustainable extraction of Spirulina platensis and orange peel extracts for the development of strawberry-cantaloupe based novel clean-label functional drink","authors":"Kashmala Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Samran Khalid ,&nbsp;Taghrid S. Alomar ,&nbsp;Najla AlMasoud ,&nbsp;Sadia Ansar ,&nbsp;Ahmed Fathy Ghazal ,&nbsp;Abderrahmane Aït-Kaddour ,&nbsp;Rana Muhammad Aadil","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The consumer demand for sustainable, nutrient-rich, and clean-label beverages is growing rapidly, so there is an urgent need to meet this demand. In response, the present study introduced the new concept of clean-label functional foods and beverages. The objective of the research was to develop novel ready-to-serve clean-label functional drink formulations by blending strawberry and cantaloupe juices (35 % each), with the addition of <em>Spirulina platensis</em> and orange peel extracts as clean-label functional ingredients, either alone or in combination, at concentrations of 2.5 % and 5.0 %, without any chemical additives or preservatives. Ultrasound-assisted extraction under optimized conditions, pulsating mode (10 s on, 5 s off), power 300 W, frequency 25 kHz, extraction time 30 min, and temperature 40 °C, with natural deep eutectic solvent composed of lactic acid and choline chloride (2:1) was used to obtain <em>S. platensis</em> and orange peel extracts. This innovative method achieved the highest extract yield compared to other extraction techniques, making these extracts ideal clean-label functional ingredients due to their highly efficient, sustainable, and eco-friendly extraction process. The formulations were subsequently homogenized via ultrasonication with mild parameters (power 100 W, frequency 25 kHz, time 5 min, temperature 25 °C) to improve the overall stability of the drink. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the T6 formulation, containing 5.0 % <em>S. platensis</em> and 5.0 % orange peel extract, exhibited the most promising results across various parameters, including improved proximate composition, enriched mineral content, elevated bioactive compounds, enhanced antioxidant activity, potent antimicrobial properties, and superior sensory acceptance. By introducing and validating the concept of clean-label functional beverages, this study paves the way for future innovations that align with the evolving demands of health-conscious consumers, and environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107357"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ultrasonic treatment on the microstructure, antioxidant activities and metabolites of camellia bee pollen","authors":"Yanxiang Bi ,&nbsp;Shiye Luo ,&nbsp;Jiabao Ni ,&nbsp;Song Miao ,&nbsp;Zhen Ning ,&nbsp;Zhihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Sijia Xu ,&nbsp;Wenli Tian ,&nbsp;Wenjun Peng ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound is an efficient and eco-friendly friendly non-thermal technology for enhancing the extraction of bioactive ingredients from food. This study explored the impact of ultrasound on the microstructure and antioxidant properties of camellia bee pollen. Additionally, the impact of key contributors to antioxidant activity was examined through non-targeted metabolomics analysis. The results showed that ultrasonic exposure progressively degraded the cell walls of bee pollen, resulting in severe collapse of the intine. Notably, this degradation concurrently facilitated the release of polyphenols and flavonoids. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity reached the highest after 40 and 60 min of ultrasonic treatment. After 40 min of ultrasonic treatment, the MDA content in camellia bee pollen exhibited a significant rise of 33.47 % compared to the control group, while it further escalated by 57.07 % after 60 min of ultrasonic treatment. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis identified a total of 7 differential metabolites that serve as potential biomarkers for ultrasonic-treated camellia bee pollen. Further analysis of the purine and nucleotide metabolism pathway indicated that the antioxidant defense systems within camellia bee pollen were activated by ultrasonic treatment, leading to a significant enhancement in its antioxidant capacity. These findings establish a solid foundation for the advancement of ultrasound treatment as a novel and green technology to improve the biological activities and qualities of bee pollen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 107359"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}