{"title":"Understanding cavity dynamics near deformable oil drop via numerical simulations","authors":"Deepak K. Pandey , Rupak Kumar , Vivek V. Ranade","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cavitation is increasingly being used for producing liquid–liquid emulsions. Cavity collapse generates microscale high-speed jets, which play a crucial role in cavitation-driven emulsification. It is thus essential to investigate the interaction of cavity and droplet to improve the understanding of the cavitation-driven emulsification process. In this study, we have numerically investigated the interaction of a single cavity-droplet pair dispersed in a water medium mimicking the scenario occurring inside a hydrodynamic cavitation-based fluidic device. A direct numerical simulation utilizing the multi-fluid, volume of fluid (VOF) method has been used for simulating different scenarios of cavity droplet interactions. The effect of the droplet-cavity size ratio (<span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>) and the stand-off parameter (<span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> on cavity-droplet dynamics have been investigated. The influence of these parameters on cavity jet velocity <span><math><mfenced><mrow><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mfenced></math></span> and energy dissipation rate <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>ε</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> was evaluated. Cavity jet velocity (<span><math><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) increases at first, then decreases with the stand-off parameter whereas it increases and becomes almost constant for the size ratio. The maximum cavity jet velocity in the present work is obtained for the case <span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2.5</mn><mo>(</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.7</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>β</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>(</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1.2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>. The energy dissipation rate for cavity-oil droplet interaction is of the order <span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>8</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> m<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>3</sup>, irrespective of the stand-off parameter and size ratio for a given driving force. The results presented in this work improve the current fundamental understanding of cavity–drop interactions and provide a useful basis for developing cavitation-induced droplet breakage models for predicting droplet size distributions, enabling enhanced applications of cavitation for emulsification in the chemical industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107325"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fereshte Bahmanyar , Mitra Pashaei , Kooshan Nayebzadeh , Ali Dini , Leila Mirmoghtadaie , Hedayat Hosseini
{"title":"Techno-functionality of pea protein isolate: Influence of ultrasound and high-pressure homogenization modification methods","authors":"Fereshte Bahmanyar , Mitra Pashaei , Kooshan Nayebzadeh , Ali Dini , Leila Mirmoghtadaie , Hedayat Hosseini","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pea protein isolate (PPI) was modified using high-pressure homogenization (HPH) at three pressure levels (60, 80, and 100 MPa) for three cycles and ultrasound (US) at three power levels (100, 200, and 300 W) for 10 min. Results showed that both techniques significantly increased solubility, oil holding capacity, emulsifying activity and foam capacity. Ultimately, a homogenization pressure of 100 MPa (HPH 100) and an ultrasound power of 300 W (US 300) were identified as the optimal treatments. HPH and US treatments led to a significant reduction in particle size and an increase in the surface charge of the samples. FTIR spectroscopy revealed changes in hydrogen bonding and the secondary structure of PPI after HPH and US treatment. Also, SEM imaging showed that the spherical shape of PPI transformed into heterogeneous sheet structures. Additionally, the comparison of HPH and US techniques revealed that the HPH resulted in a greater reduction in size and a greater increase in solubility and FC compared to the US. On the other hand, the US technique showed greater EAI and thermal stability. Therefore, both HPH and US are effective in altering the PPI structure to enhance its functional properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107321"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of drying methods and green extraction techniques to enhance the recovery of bioactive compounds from hop leaves: A sustainable approach for the valorisation of agricultural by-products","authors":"Katya Carbone, Valentina Macchioni","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of different drying techniques and green extraction methods on bioactive compounds in hop leaves, typically considered as waste material. Freeze-drying (FD) and oven-drying (OD) were compared for drying the leaves of five hop varieties, while the study focused on the use of microwave (MAE) and ultrasound (UAE) as innovative extraction techniques. The influence of these factors was then evaluated on several bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, flavonoids, pigments, and xanthohumol, as well as the antioxidant capacity and α-glucosidase inhibition of the extracts obtained. MAE yielded higher total polyphenol and flavan content (TPC and FLC, respectively) values than UAE. Similarly, FD samples showed higher TPC and FLC values than OD ones, whereas chlorophyll <em>b</em> was consistently more abundant than chlorophyll <em>a</em> in all samples. HPLC analysis identified catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and <em>p</em>-hydroxybenzoic acid as the predominant phenolic compounds. Xanthohumol concentrations ranged from 0.04 ± 0.00 to 1.12 ± 0.03 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, with MAE yielding higher levels than UAE.</div><div>Multivariate analysis revealed that the drying process accounted for the largest proportion of variation in the phytochemical profile (37.1 %), followed by the extraction technique (27.3 %) and hop variety (14.3 %). The hop leaf extracts showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with FD samples showing greater inhibition than OD ones. PCA highlighted the significant influence of the extraction method and drying process on the phytochemical composition of hop leaf extracts.</div><div>This research highlights the potential of hop leaves as a sustainable source of phytochemicals for the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical sectors, and emphasises the importance of optimizing extraction and drying techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107322"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of regimes determining ultrasonic cavitation erosion in aqueous solutions containing dissolved air","authors":"Dingkang Xia , Jianhua Wu , Kunpeng Su","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic cavitation is crucial for wastewater treatment, as it enhances the oxidation and degradation of contaminants. However, cavitation erosion of acoustic horn tips poses a significant challenge due to reduced treatment efficiency and increased operational costs. Since the air dissolved in liquids not only affects sonochemical yields but also complicates ultrasonic cavitation erosion, the quantitative analysis of dissolved air affecting cavitation erosion is required. This study experimentally investigated the effect of dissolved air on erosion by increasing the dissolved oxygen content from 1.18 to 18.30 mg·L<sup>–1</sup> via pre-supersaturation and degasification methods. Employing ultrasonic vibrations, material removal results indicated that erosion was initially aggravated and then alleviated, with an increase in dissolved air shifting the state of the solution from an undersaturated to a supersaturated state. The most severe erosion was observed when the dissolved oxygen content reached 4 mg·L<sup>–1</sup>, which corresponded to a half-saturated state. Theoretical examinations of heterogeneous nucleation rates and energy dissipation following asymmetrical bubble collapse revealed four regimes: homogeneous nucleation, vaporous and gaseous cavitation bubble nucleation, and microbubble formation. With increasing dissolved air, accelerated vaporous cavitation aggravates erosion, while gaseous cavitation and microbubble formation alleviate erosion, which provides a classification of regimes determining cavitation erosion affected by dissolved air. These findings highlight the significant effect of dissolved air on ultrasonic cavitation erosion and, with a better understanding of these regimes, can aid in optimizing the design and operation of sonoreactors used for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of ultrasound combined with TGase-type glycation on the structure, physicochemical, and functional properties of casein hydrolysate","authors":"Huimin Wang , Yujun Jiang , Jia Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of transglutaminase (TGase)-type glycation combined with ultrasound treatment on the structure, physicochemical properties, and functional properties of casein hydrolysate (CH). The results showed that TGase-type glycation and ultrasound treatment changed the secondary structure and reduced the fluorescence intensity of CH. Structural analysis revealed the intermolecular covalent interactions between oligochitosan and CH, confirming the occurrence of TGase-type glycation. The microstructure indicated that after 200 W sonication treatment, the structure of glycated CH was expanded and the molecular flexibility was enhanced. In addition, glycated CH treated with ultrasound treatment exhibited superior solubility, foaming capacity, antioxidant activity, and thermal stability. This study provides new insights into the combination of TGase-type glycation and ultrasound treatment, which may improve the function of casein and further increase its application in the food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianfeng Wang , Xiangjin Kong , Yuqi Han , Faisal Eudes Sam , Jixin Li , Zhengmei Qi , Yumei Jiang
{"title":"Ultrasonic replacement of natural aging: Potential strategies for improving the color, antioxidant activity, and volatile compound profile of astragalus mead","authors":"Jianfeng Wang , Xiangjin Kong , Yuqi Han , Faisal Eudes Sam , Jixin Li , Zhengmei Qi , Yumei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for natural and functional beverages has driven research aimed at improving the quality of herbal meads. This study investigates the use of non-thermal processing methods, ultrasonic, microwave, and high hydrostatic pressure processing, as alternatives to traditional natural aging for improving the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, color stability, and volatile compound profile of astragalus mead. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize fermentation conditions, which yielded the highest flavonoid content and sensory quality at an impregnation time of 12 h, an impregnation temperature of 10 °C, and a fermentation temperature of 20 °C. Among the processing methods evaluated (natural aging, ultrasound, microwave irradiation, and high hydrostatic pressure), ultrasound treatment resulted in the most significant improvements. Specifically, it increased total phenol content by 7.22 %, total flavonoid content by 9.41 %, and antioxidant capacity by 65.43 %. Volatile compound analysis also revealed a 191.30 % increase in ester content, significantly enhancing floral and fruity notes. Sensory analysis using quantitative descriptive analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis confirmed the efficacy of ultrasound, with ethyl caprylate identified as a key aroma contributor. These findings suggest that ultrasound is an effective non-thermal processing technique for improving the aging process and overall quality of astragalus mead. This study provides valuable insights for the industrial application of non-thermal processing technologies in astragalus mead production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107319"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salla Kälkäjä , Tao Hu , Stéphane Baup , Jean-Marc Lévêque , Katja Lappalainen
{"title":"The effect of ultrasound on birch sawdust during simultaneous pretreatment and hemicellulose’s chemical conversion","authors":"Salla Kälkäjä , Tao Hu , Stéphane Baup , Jean-Marc Lévêque , Katja Lappalainen","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of low-frequency ultrasound on the treatment of birch sawdust with hot water and diluted acid was studied for the first time under high pressure and temperature. When treated with diluted formic acid solution, the production of furfural dramatically increased, emphasizing the straightforward hydrolysis of hemicellulose. The highest furfural yield (43–44 %) was achieved with 5 % formic acid. The most significant decrease in crystallinity index (from 56 % to 50 %) compared to treatment without ultrasound was observed with 2.5 % formic acid, using a 70:30 pulse mode with 70 % amplitude of the nominal power deliverable by the generator and an additional pressure of 3 bar. In diluted acid experiments, the remaining solid fraction, which presumably contained mainly cellulose and lignin, exhibited a completely different shape compared to the starting material, resulting in a kind of “wooden paste” with reduced particle size. The impact of additional pressure appeared to be significant, and this is further discussed in relation to the determination of the acoustic power under such rigorous experimental conditions. Based on the results obtained, ultrasound combined with hot water / diluted acid treatment shows potential for the efficient utilization of birch sawdust for platform chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107318"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xing-Yu Liu , Yin-Long Li , Hai-Tao Zhang , Jing Zuo , Hans Gregersen , Hong Ou
{"title":"Combination of ultrasound and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction for trigonelline production from Quisqualis indica","authors":"Xing-Yu Liu , Yin-Long Li , Hai-Tao Zhang , Jing Zuo , Hans Gregersen , Hong Ou","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trigonelline is a natural alkaloid with important nutrient benefits. A hybrid technique adopting ultrasound-assisted supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction (UASCE) was exploited for extraction of trigonelline from <em>Quisqualis indica</em>. Response surface methodology was used to optimize operational parameters of the UASCE process, which indicated that the highest trigonelline yield (TY), 4.22 ± 0.06 mg/g dry mass, reached at 62 °C temperature, 26 MPa pressure, 13.5 wt% co-solvent concentration, and 0.16 W/mL ultrasonic energy density. When compared to traditional supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> extraction, UASCE yielded higher TY more quickly while using milder operational conditions and producing higher antioxidant capacity and concentrations of phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids) of the extract. Microstructural observation showed that the extensive micro-fractures formed in UASCE-processed samples may have positive effects on solutes liberation. Furthermore, a kinetic study revealed that the developed Sovová models matched with the measured results. The extraction impetus was derived primarily from convection mechanism. Ultrasound increased extraction rates and mass transfer coefficients and shortened the characteristic extraction periods. Additionally, a correlated Chrastil equation was developed for determination of solubility under varying extraction conditions. The Chrastil model reflected actual solubilities of trigonelline satisfactorily and a typical crossover solubility phenomenon was observed. Ultrasound can effectively promote the solubility of trigonelline in supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>. In conclusion, UASCE is a sustainable and high-performance procedure to produce high-quality trigonelline-rich extracts. This paper provides new work about industrial production design of trigonelline for the future. Furthermore, <em>Quisqualis indica</em> serves as a prospective natural source for trigonelline acquisition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107317"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extraction, structure, activity and application of konjac glucomannan","authors":"Qiurui Hu , Gangliang Huang , Hualiang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Konjac is a perennial herbaceous plant from the Araceae family’s Amorphophallus genus. It has high nutritional, health, and pharmacological values. It contains various bioactive components, the most notable of which is konjac glucomannan, which has several biological roles, including efficiently fighting diabetes, exerting prebiotic activity, containing antioxidant capacity, modulating immunological function, and demonstrating anti-cancer potential. Currently, the konjac glucomannan (KGM) research mainly focuses on packaging film, gel characteristics, efficacy, and evaluation. However, the extraction, underlying portrayal, derivatization, and action of KGM are seldom detailed. Herein, the utilization of konjac as an unrefined substance was surveyed, meaning to give extensive and orderly recombinant data on the extraction, decontamination, structure, natural movement, derivatization, and use of KGM to provide a full play to the interesting gelatinate, biocompatibility, high viscosity and other properties of KGM. It provided a theoretical basis for further developing the konjac glucomannan food industry, pharmaceutical field, and other fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107315"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grace Ball , Jack Stevenson , Faraz Amini Boroujeni , Ben Jacobson , Sarah A. Kuehne , Margaret Lucas , Anthony Damien Walmsley , Paul Prentice , Zoe Pikramenou
{"title":"Non-porous silica nanoparticles as a cavitation sensitive vehicle for antibiotic delivery","authors":"Grace Ball , Jack Stevenson , Faraz Amini Boroujeni , Ben Jacobson , Sarah A. Kuehne , Margaret Lucas , Anthony Damien Walmsley , Paul Prentice , Zoe Pikramenou","doi":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound stimulated drug delivery is attractive for controlled dose and localised delivery to reduce excess loss of drug and side effects, which for antibiotics is pertinent to the fight against antimicrobial resistance. Low frequency ultrasound is commonly used in dental clinical practice for bacterial biofilm removal and is an attractive versatile stimulus for drug release. Here we introduce nonporous (amorphous) silica nanoparticles as a biocompatible, encapsulant for triggered drug release by low frequency ultrasound. A 20 kHz ultrasonic sonotrode is used in to evaluate the release of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, CPX, from non-porous particles, <strong>CPX ⊂ SiO<sub>2</sub></strong>. Laser doppler vibrometry (LDV) was employed to characterise the ultrasonic vibration displacement of the sonotrode. Drug release from <strong>CPX ⊂ SiO<sub>2</sub></strong> was monitored for increasing the tip displacement. Clinically relevant quantities of CPX release (5.7 mg/L) occurred at 40 μm tip displacement in our studies. A strong correlation was observed between cavitation features in the acoustic spectra and drug release from <strong>CPX ⊂ SiO<sub>2</sub></strong>. Silica nanoparticles with and without encapsulated CPX, <strong>CPX ⊂ SiO<sub>2</sub></strong> and <strong>SiO<sub>2</sub></strong>, respectively, were found to promote cavitation at lower amplitudes confirmed by high-speed imaging, in contrast to mesoporous particles with and without adsorbed CPX, <strong>CPX@m-SiO<sub>2</sub></strong> and <strong>m-SiO<sub>2</sub></strong>. Spectra of the emissions collected via an acoustic cavitation detector supported these results. Our studies demonstrate a novel platform for drug delivery employing low frequency ultrasound for synergistic enhancement of cavitation effects and triggered drug release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":442,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics Sonochemistry","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 107316"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}