Ultrasonic pre-treatment on the replacement of high concentration of cadmium(Ⅱ) by aluminum powder: Effect and mechanism

IF 8.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107406

Tian Wang , Yuanru Wang , Hongtu Ji , Yimin Zhang , Deyang Song , Phan Duc Lenh , Thiquynhxuan Le , Libo Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal with significant recycling value. Our previous work demonstrated that ultrasonic-enhanced Cd²⁺ replacement by aluminum (Al) powder outperforms non-sonicated methods, yet challenges remain in treating high-concentration Cd²⁺ solutions. This study introduces an ultrasonic pre-treatment for Al powder to enhance Cd²⁺ replacement in high-concentration solutions. The effects of pre-treatment time, temperature, pH, and ultrasonic power density on the replacement efficiency were systematically investigated. Under optimized conditions, the Cd²⁺ replacement degree increased by 20.7 % compared to non-pre-treated Al and 3.87 % compared to conventionally pre-treated Al, reaching 97.53 %. Ultrasound corrodes the Al powder’s oxide film, reducing its inhibition on electron release and creating a favorable atmosphere for enhanced replacement. The specific surface area of ultrasonically pre-treated Al powder increased by 35 % and 92 % compared to conventionally pre-treated and non-pre-treated Al, respectively, enhancing Cd²⁺ reaction. This process enables efficient treatment of higher Cd²⁺ concentrations (300 % increase) with lower Al powder consumption (40 % decrease), making it more suitable for industrial-scale, efficient, clean, and sustainable production.

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超声波预处理对铝粉替代高浓度镉（Ⅱ）的影响及机理

镉是一种有毒金属，具有重要的回收利用价值。我们之前的工作表明，超声增强的铝（Al）粉替代Cd2+优于非超声方法，但在处理高浓度Cd2+溶液方面仍然存在挑战。本研究介绍了一种超声预处理铝粉以提高高浓度溶液中Cd2+的置换。系统考察了预处理时间、温度、pH、超声功率密度对置换效率的影响。优化条件下，Cd2+取代度比未预处理Al提高20.7%，比常规预处理Al提高3.87%，达到97.53%。超声波会腐蚀铝粉的氧化膜，降低其对电子释放的抑制作用，为增强替换创造有利的气氛。超声预处理后的铝粉比表面积比常规预处理和未预处理的铝粉分别提高了35%和92%，增强了Cd2+反应。该工艺能够有效处理更高浓度的Cd2+（增加300%），同时降低铝粉消耗（减少40%），使其更适合工业规模、高效、清洁和可持续生产。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

15.80

自引率

11.90%

发文量

361

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： Ultrasonics Sonochemistry stands as a premier international journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality research articles primarily focusing on chemical reactions and reactors induced by ultrasonic waves, known as sonochemistry. Beyond chemical reactions, the journal also welcomes contributions related to cavitation-induced events and processing, including sonoluminescence, and the transformation of materials on chemical, physical, and biological levels. Since its inception in 1994, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry has consistently maintained a top ranking in the "Acoustics" category, reflecting its esteemed reputation in the field. The journal publishes exceptional papers covering various areas of ultrasonics and sonochemistry. Its contributions are highly regarded by both academia and industry stakeholders, demonstrating its relevance and impact in advancing research and innovation.