Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World最新文献

{"title":"P.Oxy. 1.5 and the Codex Sangermanensis as “visionary living texts”: visionary habitus and processes of “textualization” and/or “scripturalization” in Late Antiquity","authors":"L. Arcari","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-023","url":null,"abstract":": This paper aims at analyzing two cases of individual scribal interventions on visionary texts of late antiquity: the Papyrus from Oxhyrhynchus n. 5 (3rd – 4th century CE ), a text containing a passage from Hermas ’ Mand . 11.9 — 10, and a manuscript of IV Ezra , the so-called Sangermanensis Codex (9th century CE ). Both the cases reveal figures of entrepreneurs (the scribe? or the customer?) engaged in related typologies of individual acquisition/intervention, appropria-tion, modification, and transposition. Both the analyzed manuscripts reveal cases of re-formulation connected to a specific late-antique “ religious ” habitus, i.e. the visionary habitus, a cognitive and socio-cultural pattern from which processes of re-proposition and re-contextualization of previous authoritative accounts in and for specific environments seem to stem.","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"12 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132497306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Come and dine with us: invitations to ritual dining as part of social strategies in sacred spaces in Palmyra","authors":"R. Raja","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-019","url":null,"abstract":": This article investigates the so-called banqueting tesserae from Palmyra, which were used to gain entrance to religious banquets in Palmyra. In antiquity, banquets, ritual dining and sacred meals were pivotal societal practices through which groups and individuals could situate and regulate themselves and others within broader complex societal settings. Banquets functioned as a cultural practice, which would have been learned and which certain segments of society would certainly have become accustomed to from childhood. Such learning processes would have been part of the general socialization of children in order to shape them into individuals who could participate in the overall range of activities required by adults in order to form part of a broader community. For sure, dining practices would have been important to learn in the Greek and Roman cultural spheres if one belonged to the higher layers of society, where joint meals in domestic, public and religious contexts were a way of practicing accepted social behavior. In the context of this paper, the Palmyrene material is reassessed and examined in order to unlock these tiny items as pivotal objects in broader social strategies in Roman Palmyra.","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123672856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does religion matter? Life, death, and interaction in the Roman suburbium","authors":"B. Borg","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-020","url":null,"abstract":": This paper discusses the first emergence of epitaphs and images in-dicative of Christian and Jewish affiliation and identity in Rome and its surroundings. It starts from the observation that unambiguous markers of Christianity only begin to emerge in the early 3rd century, and become more widespread towards the end of that century and in the 4th century. It further argues that, with very few exceptions, the same is most likely true also for indications of Jewish identity, and concludes that this lateness cannot be explained by fear of hostility in either case. Instead, it is suggested, this phe-nomenon must be seen in the wider context of a new desire emerging around the same time to form groups based on ethnic identities that engage in communal activities such as burial or dedications, and of those groups to make their ethnicity known. If this chronological coincidence could be confirmed by future research, it would not only support the view that religious identity grows out of identities originally conceived of in ethnic terms, but it would also suggest that we need to look at wider socio-historical factors for an explanation of this process.","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122998321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ego-documents on religious experiences in Paul’s Letters: 2 Corinthians 12 and related texts","authors":"Oda Wischmeyer","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-010","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the earliest Pauline text that gives account of an individual revelation and reports on personal religious experience in this field: 2 Corinthians 12:1–10. Paul is the only person from the first decades of the Christ-confessing movement who wrote ego-documents (first person reports) that are embedded in his letters to several communities and individuals. These texts serve predominantly the polemical dispute with opponents in the newly founded communities of Christ-confessors. Some of these texts are very brief narratives of interior religious experiences Paul had in earlier stages of his life. In 2 Corinthians 12:1–10 he reports on visions and revelations (hórasis and apokálypsis), on one or two raptures (harpagmós/raptus) and in contrast on an audition, on a lógion kyríou that he understands as committing him to a life of weakness and disease even though he has urgently prayed for recovery. Though Paul uses his life and his religious experiences as a religious and moral example in this text, the text also opens up a window into his personal religious world that deserves special attention. Beyond its actual setting within Corinthian conflicts, 2 Corinthians 12 is an outstanding example of the hybrid character of Pauline religious experience: the text is situated at the interface of concepts of Ancient Judaism (especially apocalypticism, martyrdom, and the figure of Satan), pagan healing-oracles (Asclepius), individual prayer that is shaped by a formula close to Jesus’ prayer in Gethsemane, and the Early Christian concept of the heavenly Christ Kýrios. Beyond that, the function of the text within the broader argument is of particular interest: Paul does not use his apokálypsis for demonstrating the strength and authority of his unique religious expertise or for deepening the religious imagination of the communities, but for the defense and the interpretation of the physical weakness of his person by referring to a particular lógion kyríou that is transmitted only in 2 Corinthians. Thereby he provides his addressees an insight into his personal encounter with the heavenly kýrios and at the same time clarifies that religious communication with the kýrios neither means personal glory nor automatically leads to health, power and success. All in all the text works as a counter-revelation and expresses how cautious Paul is of using his Open Access. ©2020 Oda Wischmeyer, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-010 personal religious experiences, i.e. revelations, for what he calls boasting (kauchāsthai). The whole personal narrative is directed polemically against those charismatic missionaries who Paul names “hyper-apostles”. In contrast, he interprets his disease as the actual revelation of the cháris and the dýnamis of the kýrios. The focus is not on the demonstration of Paul’s access to the","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124518237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biographical Notes","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-028","url":null,"abstract":"Katherine Buse is a doctoral candidate in English with an emphasis in science and technology studies at the University of California, Davis. Her publication and research areas focus on the relationship between environmental science and speculative media. She is completing a dissertation on how the history of climate modeling has interacted with speculative world-building in science fiction literature, cinema, and videogames.","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116280661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Section 4","authors":"E. Urciuoli","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115457335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewing the past: Rufinus’ appropriation of the sacred site of Panóias (Vila Real, Portugal)","authors":"Valentino Gasparini","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-017","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of “lived places” is here approached through the analysis of the rock sanctuary of Panóias (Assento de Valnogueiras, Vila Real de Trás-osMontes), one of the most popular archaeological sites in Portugal. When the Roman senator Gaius C(?) Calpurnius Rufinus, between the late 2nd and the mid-3rd century CE, had to choose the most appropriate location for his intervention, he decided to build a shrine far away from an urban center, preferring Panóias’ remote and numinous set of granite rocks, which had hosted cultic activities already in pre-Roman times. The senator, though promoting new ritual patterns linked with the cult of Isis and Serapis (namely the construction of, at least, a temple equipped with basins where sacrifices were performed), showed a strong interest in evoking the ancestry of the pre-existing religious practices and negotiating continuity with the new ones. The article explores the microstrategies enacted by Rufinus in order to introduce his innovation, elevate Serapis over all the other gods, paint the new cult with specific Eleusinian mystery traits, regulate the related liturgy, and thus significantly negotiate and renew a salient ancestral activity. When dealing with the topic of “lived places”, the issue raised by part of the subtitle of this section (viz. the individual appropriation of space) is absolutely crucial. This chapter focuses precisely on the topics of appropriation, bricolagist resacralization, and prolongation of memory through different media. My interest here lies in discussing micro-strategies for evoking the ancestry of local cultic practices, promoting new ritual patterns, negotiating continuity and change among Acknowledgement: This paper has been conceived as part of the project The breath of gods. Embodiment, experience and communication in everyday Isiac cultic practice, in the context of Lived ancient religion. Questioning “cults” and “polis religion” (LAR), directed by Jörg Rüpke and funded by the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2013, n° 295555). Its final release has further benefitted from the involvement in the research group Historiografía e Historia de las Religiones of the Julio Caro Baroja Institute of Historiography at the University Carlos III of Madrid, where Jaime Alvar Ezquerra leads a specific research project (2018–2021) on Epítetos divinos: experiencia religiosa y relaciones de poder en Hispania (EPIDI), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Finance (HAR2017-84789-C2-2-P). Open Access. ©2020 Valentino Gasparini, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-017 them, and manipulating pre-existing sets of religious options. By analyzing the rock sanctuary of Panóias and discussing the personal engagement by the author of a series of five inscriptions carved in its area, I will try to shed some light on specific processes invol","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129232794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbolic mourning","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"64 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116026791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emperor Julian, an appropriated word, and a different view of 4th-century “lived religion”","authors":"D. Boin","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-025","url":null,"abstract":": That the Greek word “ Hellenismos ” was used in antiquity to signify the broad concept of a “ pagan religion ” has long been an accepted notion in studies of the 4th-century Roman Empire despite the fact that the term was not value neutral. A word initially designed to wound, it had been coined during the tense time of the Maccabean period, where it was deployed by Jews to smear the identity of Jewish friends and neighbors for “ acting Greek ” and, six hundred years later, was similarly used by Christians in the Eastern Mediterranean, who used it to denigrate their own fellow believers for what they deemed to be an excessive accommodation to Roman ways. That situation changed during the mid-4th century when the Emperor Julian – raised a Christian but vilified by churchmen as an “ apostate ” – described his beliefs with the word “ Hellenismos ” in a letter sent to a pagan priest. Although it has been suggested that this document was forged, based on Julian ’ s puzzling use of the term, this chapter argues for the letter ’ s authenticity. I propose that Julian appropriated a known slur in order to transform it into a positive idea and suggest that it was Julian ’ s effort to embrace a Christian faith grounded in pluralistic Greek and Roman values that ultimately earned him his infamous sobriquet.","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116818426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110557596-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110557596-029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":437096,"journal":{"name":"Lived Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117025670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}