Surface Science Reports最新文献

{"title":"Adsorption of halogens on metal surfaces","authors":"B.V. Andryushechkin ,&nbsp;T.V. Pavlova ,&nbsp;K.N. Eltsov","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>This paper presents a review of the experimental and theoretical investigations of halogen interaction with metal surfaces. The emphasis was placed on the recent measurements performed with a scanning tunneling microscope in combination with </span>density functional theory<span> calculations. The surface structures formed on metal surface after halogen interaction are classified into three groups: chemisorbed monolayer, surface halide, bulk-like halide. Formation of monolayer structures is described in terms of </span></span>surface phase transitions<span>. Surface halide phases are considered to be intermediates between chemisorbed halogen and bulk halide. The modern theoretical approaches in studying the dynamics of metal halogenation reactions are also presented.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"73 3","pages":"Pages 83-115"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2344306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess electrons in reduced rutile and anatase TiO2","authors":"Wen-Jin Yin ,&nbsp;Bo Wen ,&nbsp;Chuanyao Zhou ,&nbsp;Annabella Selloni ,&nbsp;Li-Min Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>As a prototypical photocatalyst, TiO</span>₂<span> is a material of scientific and technological interest. In photocatalysis and other applications, TiO</span>₂ is often reduced, behaving as an <em>n</em>-type semiconductor with unique physico-chemical properties. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the fundamental properties and applications of excess electrons in reduced, undoped TiO₂. We discuss the characteristics of excess electrons in the bulk and at the surface of rutile and anatase TiO₂ focusing on their localization, spatial distribution, energy levels, and dynamical properties. We examine specific features of the electronic states for photoexcited TiO₂<span><span>, for intrinsic oxygen vacancy<span> and Ti interstitial defects, and for surface </span></span>hydroxyls. We discuss similarities and differences in the behaviors of excess electrons in the rutile and anatase phases. Finally, we consider the effect of excess electrons on the reactivity, focusing on the interaction between excess electrons and adsorbates.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 58-82"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1828691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lab-based ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy from past to present","authors":"Chris Arble,&nbsp;Meng Jia,&nbsp;John T. Newberg","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemical interactions which occur at a heterogeneous interface between a gas and substrate are critical in many technological and natural processes. Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) is a powerful spectroscopy tool that is inherently surface sensitive, elemental and chemical specific, with the ability to probe sample surfaces in the presence of a gas phase. In this review, we discuss the evolution of lab-based AP-XPS instruments, from the first development by Siegbahn and coworkers up through modern day systems. A comprehensive overview is given of heterogeneous experiments investigated to date via lab-based AP-XPS along with the different instrumental metrics that affect the quality of sample probing. We conclude with a discussion of future directions for lab-based AP-XPS, highlighting the efficacy for this in-demand instrument to continue to expand in its ability to significantly advance our understanding of surface chemical processes under <em>in situ</em> conditions in a technologically multidisciplinary setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"73 2","pages":"Pages 37-57"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating the surface of nanoceria and its applications in heterogeneous catalysis","authors":"Yuanyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Wei Gao ,&nbsp;Zhiyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Sai Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhimin Tian ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Liu ,&nbsp;Johnny C. Ho ,&nbsp;Yongquan Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Ceria (CeO</span>₂<span>) as a support, additive, and active component for heterogeneous catalysis<span> has been demonstrated to have great catalytic performance, which includes excellent thermal structural stability, catalytic efficiency, and chemoselectivity. Understanding the surface properties of CeO</span></span>₂<span> and the chemical reactions occurred on the corresponding interfaces is of great importance in the rational design of heterogeneous catalysts for various reactions. In general, the reversible Ce</span>³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ redox pair and the surface acid-base properties contribute to the superior intrinsic catalytic capability of CeO₂, and hence yield enhanced catalytic phenomenon in many reactions. Particularly, nanostructured CeO₂<span> is characterized by a large number of surface-bound defects, which are primarily oxygen vacancies<span>, as the surface active catalytic sites. Many efforts have therefore been made to control the surface defects and properties of CeO</span></span>₂ by various synthetic strategies and post-treatments. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in regulating the surface structure and composition of CeO₂ and its applications in catalysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"73 1","pages":"Pages 1-36"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrokinetic mechanism of wettability alternation at oil-water-rock interface","authors":"Huanhuan Tian,&nbsp;Moran Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Design of ions for injection water may change the wettability of oil-brine-rock (OBR) system, which has very important applications in enhanced oil recovery. Though ion-tuned wettability has been verified by various experiments, the mechanism is still not clear. In this review paper, we first present a comprehensive summarization of possible wettability alteration mechanisms, including fines migration or dissolution, multicomponent ion-exchange (MIE), electrical double layer (EDL) interaction between rock and oil, and repulsive hydration force. To clarify the key mechanism, we introduce a complete frame of theories to calculate attribution of EDL repulsion to wettability alteration by assuming </span>constant binding<span> forces (no MIE) and rigid smooth surface (no fines migration or dissolution). The frame consists of three parts: the classical Gouy-Chapman model coupled with interface charging mechanisms to describe EDL in oil-brine-rock systems, three methods with different boundary assumptions to evaluate EDL interaction energy, and the modified Young-Dupré equation to link EDL interaction energy with contact angle. The quantitative analysis for two typical oil-brine-rock systems provides two physical maps that show how the EDL interaction influences contact angle at different ionic composition. The result indicates that the contribution of EDL interaction to ion-tuned wettability for the studied system is not quite significant. The classical and advanced experimental work using </span></span>microfabrication is reviewed briefly on the contribution of EDL repulsion to wettability alteration and compared with the theoretical results. It is indicated that the roughness of real rock surface may enhance EDL interaction. Finally we discuss some pending questions, perspectives and promising applications based on the mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"72 6","pages":"Pages 369-391"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2018.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1828692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spin-wave resonance as a tool for probing surface anisotropies in ferromagnetic thin films: Application to the study of (Ga,Mn)As","authors":"H. Puszkarski ,&nbsp;P. Tomczak","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In this paper we provide a concise review of present achievements in the study of spin-wave resonance (SWR) in ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As thin films. The theoretical treatment of the experimental SWR data obtained so far concentrates specifically on the spherical surface pinning (SSP) model, in which the surface spin pinning energy is expressed by configuration angles (the out-of-plane polar angle </span><span><math><mi>ϑ</mi></math></span> and the in-plane azimuthal angle <span><math><mi>φ</mi></math></span><span>) defining the direction of surface magnetization in the considered thin film. The model is based on a series expansion of the surface spin pinning energy; the terms in the series represent the respective pinning contributions from the cubic anisotropy as well as uniaxial anisotropies. Comparing theory with the reported experimental studies of SWR in thin films of the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As, we find that besides the first-order cubic anisotropy, higher-order cubic anisotropies (in the second and third orders) as well as uniaxial anisotropies (perpendicular in the first and second orders, and in-plane diagonal) occur on the surface of this material. We use our results to plot a 3D hypersurface visualizing the angle dependence of the surface spin pinning energy in configurational space. An advantage of this spatial representation is that the shape of the obtained hypersurface allows us to predict new SWR effects that have not yet been observed experimentally. Prospective experimental studies for the verification of this surface pinning model would bring new insight into the surface anisotropy phenomenon in (Ga,Mn)As thin films and help complete the knowledge in this field, the shortage of which in the literature available to date is becoming bothersome.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"72 5","pages":"Pages 351-367"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fundamental surface science of wurtzite gallium nitride","authors":"V.M. Bermudez","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A review is presented that covers the experimental and theoretical literature relating to the preparation, electronic structure and chemical and physical properties of the surfaces of the wurtzite form of GaN. The discussion includes the adsorption of various chemical elements and of inorganic, organometallic and organic species. The focus is on work that contributes to a microscopic, atomistic understanding of GaN surfaces and interfaces, and the review concludes with an assessment of possible future directions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 147-315"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2484827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supramolecular self-assembly on the B-Si(111)-(√3x√3) R30° surface: From single molecules to multicomponent networks","authors":"Younes Makoudi ,&nbsp;Judicaël Jeannoutot ,&nbsp;Frank Palmino ,&nbsp;Frédéric Chérioux ,&nbsp;Guillaume Copie ,&nbsp;Christophe Krzeminski ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Cleri ,&nbsp;Bruno Grandidier","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Understanding the physical and chemical processes in which local interactions lead to ordered structures is of particular relevance to the realization of supramolecular architectures on surfaces. While spectacular patterns have been demonstrated on metal surfaces, there have been fewer studies of the spontaneous organization of supramolecular networks on semiconductor surfaces, where the formation of </span>covalent bonds<span> between organics and adatoms usually hamper the </span></span>diffusion<span><span> of molecules and their subsequent interactions with each other. However, the saturation of the dangling bonds at a semiconductor surface is known to make them inert and offers a unique way for the engineering of molecular patterns on these surfaces. This review describes the physicochemical properties of the passivated B-Si(111)-(√3x√3) R30° surface, that enable the self-assembly of molecules into a rich variety of extended and regular structures on </span>silicon<span><span>. Particular attention is given to computational methods based on multi-scale simulations that allow to rationalize the relative contribution of the dispersion forces involved in the self-assembled networks observed with scanning tunneling microscopy<span>. A summary of state of the art studies, where a fine tuning of the molecular network topology has been achieved, sheds light on new frontiers for exploiting the construction of </span></span>supramolecular structures on semiconductor surfaces.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"72 4","pages":"Pages 316-349"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1945445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic, structural and chemical effects of charge-transfer at organic/inorganic interfaces","authors":"R. Otero ,&nbsp;A.L. Vázquez de Parga ,&nbsp;J.M. Gallego","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the last decade, interest on the growth and self-assembly of organic molecular species on solid surfaces spread over the scientific community, largely motivated by the promise of cheap, flexible and tunable organic electronic and optoelectronic devices. These efforts lead to important advances in our understanding of the nature and strength of the non-bonding intermolecular interactions that control the assembly of the organic building blocks on solid surfaces, which have been recently reviewed in a number of excellent papers. To a large extent, such studies were possible because of a smart choice of model substrate-adsorbate systems where the molecule-substrate interactions were purposefully kept low, so that most of the observed supramolecular structures could be understood simply by considering intermolecular interactions, keeping the role of the surface always relatively small (although not completely negligible). On the other hand, the systems which are more relevant for the development of organic electronic devices include molecular species which are electron donors, acceptors or blends of donors and acceptors. Adsorption of such organic species on solid surfaces is bound to be accompanied by charge-transfer processes between the substrate and the adsorbates, and the physical and chemical properties of the molecules cannot be expected any longer to be the same as in solution phase. In recent years, a number of groups around the world have started tackling the problem of the adsorption, self- assembly and electronic and chemical properties of organic species which interact rather strongly with the surface, and for which charge-transfer must be considered. The picture that is emerging shows that charge transfer can lead to a plethora of new phenomena, from the development of delocalized band-like electron states at molecular overlayers, to the existence of new substrate-mediated intermolecular interactions or the strong modification of the chemical reactivity of the adsorbates. The aim of this review is to start drawing general conclusions and developing new concepts which will help the scientific community to proceed more efficiently towards the understanding of organic/inorganic interfaces in the strong interaction limit, where charge-transfer effects must be taken into consideration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 105-145"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2402371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of molecular beams for kinetic measurements of chemical reactions on solid surfaces","authors":"Francisco Zaera","doi":"10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;In this review we survey the contributions that molecular beam experiments have provided to our understanding of the dynamics and kinetics of chemical interactions of gas molecules with &lt;/span&gt;solid surfaces&lt;span&gt;. First, we describe the experimental details of the different instrumental setups and approaches available for the study of these systems under the ultrahigh vacuum conditions and with the model planar surfaces often used in modern surface-science experiments. Next, a discussion is provided of the most important fundamental aspects of the dynamics of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;chemical adsorption&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt; that have been elucidated with the help of molecular beam experiments, which include the development of potential energy surfaces, the determination of the different channels for energy exchange between the incoming molecules and the surface, the identification of adsorption precursor states, the understanding of dissociative chemisorption, the determination of the contributions of corrugation, steps, and other structural details of the surface to the &lt;/span&gt;adsorption process&lt;span&gt;, the effect to molecular steering, the identification of avenues for assisting adsorption, and the molecular details associated with the kinetics of the uptake of adsorbates as a function of coverage. We follow with a summary of the work directed at the determination of kinetic parameters and mechanistic details of surface reactions associated with catalysis, mostly those promoted by late transition metals. This discussion we initiate with an overview of what has been learned about simple &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;bimolecular reactions&lt;span&gt; such as the oxidation of CO and H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; with O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; and the reaction of CO with NO, and continue with the review of the studies of more complex systems such as the oxidation of alcohols, the conversion of organic acids, the hydrogenation and isomerization&lt;span&gt; of olefins, and the oxidative activation of alkanes under conditions of short contact times. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;6 Reactions on supported nanoparticles: Materials gap&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;7 Low-probability reactions: Pressure gap&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; of this review deal with the advances made in the use of molecular beams with more realistic models for catalysis, using surfaces comprised of metal nanoparticles&lt;span&gt; dispersed on the oxide surfaces&lt;span&gt; used as catalyst support and high-flux beams to approach the pressures used in catalysis. The next section deals with the study of systems associated with fields other than catalysis, mainly with the etching and oxidation of semiconductor surfaces and with the chemistry&lt;span&gt; used to grow thin solid films by chemical means (chemical vapor deposition, CVD, or atomic layer deposition, ALD). We end with a personal assessment of the past accomplishments, present state, and future promise of the use of molecular beams for the study of the kinetics of surface reactions relevant to prac","PeriodicalId":434,"journal":{"name":"Surface Science Reports","volume":"72 2","pages":"Pages 59-104"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.surfrep.2017.02.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2484640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}